Apparatuses, methods and systems for wearable displays
Aspects of the disclosed apparatuses, methods, and systems provide enhanced display of images for personal wearable display devices. The display systems include various system components to implement one or more of: re-directing the maximal brightness of a display device towards the center of the eye-box of a user; selectively narrowing the viewing angle of light emitted by the display device; and by spatially optimizing the backlight of the display device based on the specification of the wearable optical system thereby optimizing and/or maximizing the amount of light entering the eye for a range of gaze rotation of a user of the wearable display system. In one example, the following description provides a display device including a light optimizing or directing layer. The light optimizing layer includes one or more films that optimize the amount of light directed to the eye box of a user of the wearable display system. The light optimizing layer may include one or more films positioned to direct light from the image source and illumination source in a desired manner.
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This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/400,577, titled “APPARATUSES, METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR WEARABLE DISPLAYS” filed on Sep. 27, 2016, in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, which is herein expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
BACKGROUNDThe interest in wearable technology has grown considerably over the last decade. For example, wearable virtual reality (VR) displays present virtual images to the user to provide a virtual environment. Now augmented reality (AR) displays are being developed that may be worn by a user to present the user with a synthetic image overlaying a direct view of the environment. Both VR and AR displays are able to present virtual digital content. One example of a virtual digital content is a three-dimensional (3-D) virtual object. VR or AR display systems allow a user to interact with the 3-D virtual object within a virtual space. For example, a user may can select, move, or otherwise interact with a virtual object. Interaction with virtual objects is facilitated by various sensors, which collect data about a user's environment. However, technical challenges exist as to how to facilitate perception of and user interaction with a virtual environment.
SUMMARYAspects of the disclosed apparatuses, methods, and systems describe wearable display systems. The display systems include various system components to implement one or more of: re-directing the maximal brightness of a display device towards the center of the eye-box of a user; selectively narrowing the viewing angle of light emitted by the display device; and by spatially optimizing the backlight of the display device based on the specification of the wearable optical system thereby optimizing and/or maximizing the amount of light entering the eye for a range of gaze rotation of a user of the wearable display system. In some examples, the following description provides a display device including a light optimizing or directing layer. The light optimizing layer includes one or more films that optimize the amount of light directed to the eye box of a user of the wearable display system. The light optimizing layer may include one or more films positioned to direct light from the image source and illumination source in a desired manner. In one example, a direction-turning film (DTF) is provided to turn and/or direct the main rays of light passing through the film. In another example, a brightness enhancing film (BEF) is provided to focus or narrow the range of viewing angles of light passing through the film.
In one general aspect, a wearable display system includes a display device and an optical component. The display device includes a display panel operable to generate an image; and a light directing layer arranged to direct light emitted by the display corresponding to the image, the light directing layer including one or more transparent films directing light passing through the one or more films. The optical component includes a reflective or partially reflective surface. The reflective or partially reflective surface of the optical component projects the image from the display panel to an eye-box corresponding to the eyes of a user wearing the display system. The one transparent film of the light directing layer includes a microstructure formed in the one transparent film directing light emitted from a point on a surface of the display panel to target a desired portion of the reflective or partially reflective surface of the optical component.
The light directing layer also may maximize the amount of light emitted from the display panel along an angle of incidence formed from the display panel to the optical component to the eye-box of a user wearing the display system.
The microstructure formed in the one transparent film may include one or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the film, the grooves or notches forming one or more right-angled prisms, where each prism has a prism angle corresponding to the direction of light emitted from the display panel. The prism angle of any prism of the film may correspond to an optical property of the optical component at a point on the optical component where a main ray of light passing through a prism is reflected or partially reflected by the optical component. The film may include at least two prisms each having different prism angles. The prism angle also may correspond to an angle of incidence defined by an optical prescription of the optical component at a point of the surface at which a main ray of light emitted from the display is reflected from the optical component to the eye-box.
The light directing layer may include a first region and a second region, the first region having a micro-prism structure that turns light emitted from the display panel with respect to a surface normal of the display panel at a first turning angle and the second region having a micro-prism structure that turns light emitted from the display panel with respect to the surface normal of the display panel at second turning angle that is different from the first angle. The turning angle of each region formed in the film may correspond to an optical property of the optical component at a portion of the optical component where main rays of light passing through each region are reflected or partially reflected by the optical component to the eye-box of a user wearing the display system.
The light directing layer may include two transparent films, each transparent film having a micro-prism structure directing light in a different spatial dimension of the display system.
The microstructure formed in the one transparent film may include one or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the film, the grooves or notches forming one or more prisms, where each prism having a prism angle prism angle that narrows a width of an intensity distribution of light emitted from a point of the display panel. The prism angle of any prism of the film may correspond to an optical property of the optical component at a point on the optical component where a ray of light passing through a prism is reflected or partially reflected by the optical component.
The microstructure formed in the one transparent film may include one or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the film, the grooves or notches forming one or more prisms, where each prism having a prism angle shaping light emitted from the display panel. The prism angle of any prism of the film may correspond to an optical property of the optical component at a point on the optical component where a ray of light passing through a prism is reflected or partially reflected by the optical component. The film may include at least two prisms each having different prism angles. The prism angle also may correspond to an angle of incidence defined by an optical prescription of the optical component at a point of the surface at which a ray of light emitted from the display is reflected from the optical component to the eye-box.
The light directing layer may include a first region having a micro-prism structure that narrows an intensity distribution of light passing through the regions to a first width and a second region having a micro-prism that narrows an intensity distribution of light passing through the regions to a second width that is different from the first width. The shaping width of each region formed in the film may correspond to an optical property of the optical component at a portion of the optical component where rays of light passing through each region are reflected or partially reflected by the optical component to the eye-box of a user wearing the display system.
The light directing layer also comprises one or more second transparent films, each second transparent film including one or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the second transparent film, the grooves or notches forming one or more prisms, each prism having a prism angle that narrows a width of an intensity distribution of light emitted from a point of the display panel. The prism angle of any prism of the second film may correspond to an optical property of the optical component at a point on the optical component where a ray of light passing through a prism is reflected or partially reflected by the optical component.
The following description illustrates aspects of embodiments of the disclosed apparatuses, methods, and systems in more detail, by way of examples that are intended to be illustrative with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
The human perceptual system has the ability to combine various sensory cues in an efficient manner in order to perceive “physically plausible” virtual content in a real-world environment. For example, the human perceptual system has the ability to integrate, among other things, sensory cues, such as one or more of luminance, depth, and/or shape information to form or perceive coherent virtual content. Virtual content may include one or more virtual objects, and/or other content that is perceived by a viewer. As a result, the properties of the human perception may be exploited through visual systems, as described herein, employing hardware, and/or software architectures to form virtual content that may be located and/or perceived to be located in the real-world environment by virtue of the principles of the depth sensitive modules of the human brain. In addition, binocular or stereographic vision display systems provide two offset images separately to the left and right eye of the viewer. These two-dimensional images are then combined in the brain of the viewer to give the perception of 3D depth. An augmented reality environment may include the views of the images of virtual content within a virtual environment superimposed over the views of the real-world environment. A virtual reality environment may include views of virtual content within a virtual environment alone.
In some implementations, the headset may include one or more light sources 102. The light sources may include a plurality of individual point light sources that emit light under control of the one or more processing devices. The emitted light may be a ray that travels along an individual axis of propagation from the individual point sources. It is noted that the use of the term “light ray” is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure to single, discrete, photons, and/or packets of photons. Instead, the disclosure may envision a light ray to mean a light beam comprising multiple and continuous photons, in one or more implementations. In some implementations, a light ray may be envisioned to involve one or more light waves. A light wave may be defined by one or more of a frequency, a wavelength, an orientation (e.g., of polarization), and/or other features.
In some implementations, one or more light sources 102 are arranged by the headset to direct the light rays toward one or more optical components 103. In some examples, the light source 102 may comprise one or more of a micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) RGB laser scanner, a micro-LED micro-display, an LED illuminated liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS), an LED/RGB laser illuminated liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS), a digital light projector (DLP), a digital micro-mirror device (DMD), a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display, an OLED micro-display, and/or other light sources. In some implementations, as discussed in further detail below, at least two light sources 102 are provided (e.g., at least one light source for each eye) or one light source 102 split into multiple portions to provide a binocular or stereographic vision display system.
In some implementations, a light source 102 may generate light rays based on one or more color parameters of the light rays. Color parameters may include one or more of a first color parameter, a second color parameter, a third color parameter, and/or other color parameters. A value of a first color parameter may specify one or more of a luminous intensity, a chromaticity, a brightness, and/or other attributes of a first color. A value of a second color parameter may specify one or more of a luminous intensity, a chromaticity, a brightness, and/or other attributes of a second color. A value of a third color parameter may specify one or more of a luminous intensity, a chromaticity, a brightness, and/or other attributes of a third color. By way of illustration, the first color may be red, the second color may be green, and/or the third color may be blue.
In some implementations, one or more optical components 103 are arranged by the headset such that when the headset is positioned on the head of the user, light rays generated by one or more light sources 102 are directed onto the one or more optical components 103 and reflected, partially reflected, or otherwise transmitted to the eyes of the user to form images of virtual content. In some implementations, light rays from the ambient environment surrounding the user propagating toward the one or more optical components may be transmitted through the one or more optical components. The ambient light rays and light rays from the one or more optical components are combined to form cumulative light rays that are perceived by one or more eyes of the user. As a result, the images of virtual content appear or are perceived by the user as being superimposed over the user's view of the real world through the one or more optical elements 103 to create an augmented reality environment. In some implementations, as discussed in further detail below, at least two optical components 103 are provided (e.g., at least one for each eye) to provide a binocular or stereographic vision display system. The optical components 103 may be formed as part of glasses, goggles, or embodied as image areas or apertures within a single element (e.g., a visor) positioned for viewing the eyes of a user.
In some implementations, as previously mentioned, the optical components 103 may be implemented by or incorporated in a single element, such as a visor. The visor may comprise a curved and/or freeform structure and/or may have other shapes and/or forms. In some implementations, a curved visor may have one or more of a concave side surface, a convex side surface, a peripheral side edge, a freeform surface, and/or other features and surfaces. A visor may be formed from one or more transparent optical plastics and/or other materials. A visor may be injection-molded and/or formed by other techniques. The visor material may have a low birefringence, and low thermal/stress induced birefringence (such as acrylic optical plastic), in order to avoid a rainbow effect under cross-polarizers. By way of illustration, a visor may comprise one or more of ZEONEX, Cyclo Olefin Polymer (COP), Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC), polycarbonate, Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and/or other materials. A visor may include at least two optical components 103.
The optical components 103 may be described as apertures through which the user views their environment. As described below, the interior surface of the visor corresponding to the apertures may have a specifically defined shape, curvature, and/or prescription selected to reflect light from the corresponding source 102 to the eyes of user. The interior portion of the aperture (e.g., closest to the eyes of the user) and exterior surfaces of the apertures may have one or more coatings, films, laminates, or other structures to provide various visual properties with respect to light from a source 102 or the user's environment. For example, the interior surface may reflect or partially reflect light from the light source 102 while allowing light from the user's environment to pass through the aperture to the user's eye.
The illumination source 115 is provided to illuminate the image source 111 so that the display device 110 emits light 120 to project an image to a viewer of the display device 110. The emitted light 120 propagates from the surface of image source 111 in a wide field. Light emitted parallel to a line 130 normal to the surface of the image source 111 is strongest with diminishing brightness at angles further from the surface normal 130. In one example, the illumination source 115 may be a backlight including a light source, such as, for example, cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs), an edge-lit white light emitting diodes (EL-WLEDs); white light emitting diodes WLEDs; and a red, green, blue light emitting diodes (RGBLED). Although only two point sources of emitted light 120 are shown in
In one example, a CCFL backlight includes at least two cold cathode fluorescent lamps placed at opposite edges of the image source, or an array of parallel CCFLs arranged behind the image source and a diffuser to spread the light emitted from the lamps evenly across the image source. An EL-WLED backlight includes a row of white LEDs placed at one or more edges of the backlight and a light diffuser. A WLED array backlight includes a full array of white LEDs placed behind a diffuser to illuminate the image source. Similarly, an RGB-LED backlight includes a full array of RGB LEDs and a light diffuser. An exemplary backlight may include one or more components in addition to an illumination source. For example, the backlight may include a mirror or reflective surface, one or more light or wave guides and/or light diffusers to distribute light to illuminate the image source 111 in a desired manner (e.g., to provide an even brightness for illumination of the image source 111).
As shown in
In an example of a wearable AR device, the optical component 210 is sufficiently transparent to allow the user to directly view the real-world environment beyond of the optical component 210. In one example, the optical component 210 is a combiner-imager. The combiner-imager overlays the view of the user's environment with a synthetic image generated by the display device 110 to provide what is commonly known as an AR display. If the combiner-imager is made opaque to the external or real-world environment, the display is referred to as a VR display. In some embodiments, the combiner-imager is shaped to provide an optical power (e.g., by having a suitably curved surface) such that an image provided to a viewer of the display system appears or is perceived at a desired viewing distance. Different portions of the display device are viewed by each eye, with or without overlap between them. As a result, the image projected to each eye can be controlled independently by the display system 200 to generate a desired perspective view.
In the interest of brevity, the following description generally mentions a single display device 110 and optical component 210. However, one skilled in the art will appreciate this configuration is exemplary and that other system configurations may be implemented. For example, although the optical component 210 is shown above as a single combiner-imager in
As can be seen from the configuration in
In the examples shown in
Enhanced Display for Wearable AR and VR Systems
The following description provides enhanced wearable display systems offering a superior visual experience for viewers of the system. The display systems include various system components to implement one or more of: re-directing the maximal brightness of a display device towards the center of the eye-box of a user; selectively narrowing the viewing angle of light emitted by the display device; and by spatially optimizing the backlight of the display device based on the specification of the wearable optical system thereby optimizing and/or maximizing the amount of light entering the eye for a range of gaze rotation of a user of the wearable display system. In one example, the following description provides a display device including a light optimizing or directing layer. The light optimizing layer includes one or more films that optimize the amount of light directed to the eye box of a user of the wearable display system. The light optimizing layer may include one or more films positioned to direct light from the image source and illumination source in a desired manner. In one example, a direction-turning film (DTF) is provided to turn and/or direct the main rays of light passing through the film. In another example, a brightness enhancing film (BEF) is provided to focus or narrow the range of viewing angles of light passing through the film. Additional examples include use of both DTF and BEFs.
The following examples describe various microfilms and visual components in relation to each other. The corresponding depictions of these elements are illustrative and may not be to scale or provide exact geometries but are provided to aid the reader in understanding the various descriptions, configurations, concepts, and models provided herein.
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In addition, an illumination source 420 is provided to illuminate the image source 401 so that the display device emits light to project the image from the image source to a viewer of the display device. In one example, the illumination source 420 may be a backlight including a light source, such as, for example, cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs), an edge-lit white light emitting diodes (EL-WLEDs); white light emitting diodes WLEDs; and a red, green, blue light emitting diodes (RGBLED).
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The structures 400A, 400B, and 400C also include a light directing layer 410. The light directing layer 410 includes one or more layered thin films (e.g., DTFs and/or BEFs) to direct and/or shape the light emitted by the display device. As shown in
In one example, the light directing layer 410 includes one or more DTFs, such as those described above with regard to
In one example, the light directing layer 410 includes two DTFs, such as those described above with regard to
In another example, the light directing layer 410 includes one or more BEFs, such as those described above with regard to
In one example, the light directing layer 410 includes two BEFs. In this example, each BEF is arranged to compress the beam of light in one spatial dimension of the system (e.g., an x dimension or a y dimension that are orthogonal to each other).
In another example, the light directing layer 410 includes both DTFs and BEFs as described above. For example, the light directing layer may include two DTFs and two BEFs.
One skilled in the art will appreciate that the structure 400 shown in
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Many different combinations of configurations of the DTF and the BEF are possible by varying the micro-prism structure of the films. For example, the micro-structure layer may be formed to include different regions or portions having different micro-prisms including number, size, and orientation of the micro-prisms to provide a desired turning direction or shaping properties to specify the desired characteristics of any particular region. In addition, one or more regions of a film also may include no micro-prism structure (i.e., a region without grooves or notches). Some examples of various configurations are shown in
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For example, the DTFs optimize the angles at which a ray of light (e.g., from light rays 931, 933, and 935) is directed from the display device to match the angle of incidence defined by the optical prescription of the optical element 910 for the point at which the ray is reflected from the optical element 910. For example, the light directing layer shown in
In general, a size of the eye-box 920 for a user may be defined for the display system. In this example, the size of the eye-box represents the range within which a user's eye is positioned for viewing with the wearable display device 900. Given the location and spatial profile of the optical element 910 in relation to the display device 901, the optimal path of light from the display device 901 to the optical element 910 is determined. A resulting direction profile of the light from the display device 901 may be mapped for the entire surface of the display 901 and/or for portions or regions of the surface of the display 901. For example, at certain location of the display panel, the direction and viewing angles of the light entering the eye-box 920 are known. The prism angles φ of the microstructures for the DTFs and BEFs at the corresponding location can be selected to increase, maximize, or otherwise select the desired amount of light emitted from this location entering the eye-box 920. By spatially selecting and/or optimizing the prism angles of the DTFs and BEFs, the amount of light from the display device 901 collected by eye-box 920 can be tuned, selected, and/or optimized.
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For example, the DTFs optimize the angle at which a ray of light is directed from the display device 951 to match the optical properties of the optical component 960 for the point at which the ray enters the optical component 960. For example, the light directing layer 965 shown in
As described above, the specific selection of the micro-prism structure of a film (e.g., a DTF and/or BEF) may be matched to the arrangement of the visual components (e.g., the display device and the optical component) of a display system. The arrangement of the visual components may be modelled using a computer aided design (CAD) program in which the location of the visual components of the display system, such as, for example, the display and optical component are precisely known with respect to a CAD origin (e.g., a point (x,y,z) in a volume from which the spatial relation of all other points of the system may be precisely determined). For example, base arrangements of components using the mechanical limitations (i.e., eye to visor nominal distance, panel center to visor center distance) are pre-determined and known to the CAD system. Light emitted by the points of the display also may be modelled or measured using the CAD software. Using a recursive algorithm, the optimal micro-prism angles of the films (e.g., a DTF and/or BEF) of a light directing layer may be determined such that the light emitted by the display device of the system is optimized for the position of an eye box relative to the visual components.
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θ=π/2+α−2β−γ
A similar modeling of the turning angle in the x dimension may be made. After determining the turning angles for various points of the surface of the display device 1010 in the x and y dimensions, a map of the micro-prism angles for a corresponding regions of DTFs (e.g., a DTF for the y dimension and a DTF for the x dimension) of a light directing layer may be determined and used to fabricate a corresponding DTF.
Other Aspects
In one implementation, the visor 1101 may include two optical elements, for example, image regions 1105, 1106 or clear apertures. In this example, the visor 1101 also includes a nasal or bridge region, and two temporal regions. Each image region is aligned with the position 1140 of one eye of a user (e.g., as shown in
In one implementation, the housing may include a molded section to roughly conform to the forehead of a typical user and/or may be custom-fitted for a specific user or group of users. The housing may include various electrical components of the system, such as sensors 1130, a display device (as described above with regard to
The housing 1102 positions one or more sensors 1130 that detect the environment around the user. In one example, one or more depth sensors are positioned to detect objects in the user's field of vision. The housing also positions the visor 1101 relative to the image source 1120 and the user's eyes. In one example, the image source 1120 may be implemented using one or more of the displays devices described above with regard to
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As described above, the techniques described herein for a wearable AR and VR system can be implemented using digital electronic circuitry, or in computer hardware, firmware, software, or in combinations of them in conjunction with various combiner imager optics. The techniques can be implemented as a computer program product, i.e., a computer program tangibly embodied in a non-transitory information carrier, for example, in a machine-readable storage device, in machine-readable storage medium, in a computer-readable storage device or, in computer-readable storage medium for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus or processing device, for example, a programmable processor, a computer, or multiple computers. A computer program can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it can be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in the specific computing environment. A computer program can be deployed to be executed by one component or multiple components of the vision system.
The exemplary processes and others can be performed by one or more programmable processing devices or processors executing one or more computer programs to perform the functions of the techniques described above by operating on input digital data and generating a corresponding output. Method steps and techniques also can be implemented as, special purpose logic circuitry, e.g., an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit).
Processing devices or processors suitable for the execution of a computer program include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from a read-only memory or a random-access memory or both. The essential elements of a computer are a processor for executing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. The processing devices described herein may include one or more processors and/or cores. Generally, a processing device will also include, or be operatively coupled to receive data from or transfer data to, or both, one or more mass storage devices for storing data, such as, magnetic, magneto-optical disks, or optical disks. Non-transitory information carriers suitable for embodying computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, such as, EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory or solid state memory devices; magnetic disks, such as, internal hard disks or removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks. The processor and the memory can be supplemented by, or incorporated in special purpose logic circuitry.
The HMD may include various other components including various optical devices and frames or other structure for positioning or mounting the display or projection system on a user allowing a user to wear the vision system while providing a comfortable viewing experience for a user. The HMD may include one or more additional components, such as, for example, one or more power devices or connections to power devices to power various system components, one or more controllers/drivers for operating system components, one or more output devices (such as a speaker), one or more sensors for providing the system with information used to provide an augmented reality to the user of the system, one or more interfaces from communication with external output devices, one or more interfaces for communication with an external memory devices or processors, and one or more communications interfaces configured to send and receive data over various communications paths. In addition, one or more internal communication links or busses may be provided in order to connect the various components and allow reception, transmission, manipulation and storage of data and programs.
The aspects (examples, alterations, modifications, options, variations, embodiments, and any equivalent thereof) are described with reference to the drawings; it should be understood that the descriptions herein show by way of illustration various embodiments in which claimed inventions may be practiced and are not exhaustive or exclusive. They are presented only to assist in understanding and teach the claimed principles. It should be understood that they are not necessarily representative of all claimed inventions. As such, certain aspects of the disclosure have not been discussed herein. That alternate embodiments may not have been presented for a specific portion of the invention or that further alternate embodiments that are not described may be available for a portion is not to be considered a disclaimer of those alternate embodiments. It will be appreciated that many of those embodiments not described incorporate the same principles of the invention and others that are equivalent. Thus, it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and functional, logical, organizational, structural and/or topological modifications may be made without departing from the scope and/or spirit of the disclosure.
In order to address various issues and advance the art, the entirety of this application (including the Cover Page, Title, Headings, Detailed Description, Claims, Abstract, Figures, Appendices and/or otherwise) shows by way of illustration various embodiments in which the claimed inventions may be practiced. The advantages and features of the application are of a representative sample of embodiments only, and are not exhaustive and/or exclusive. They are presented only to assist in understanding and teach the claimed principles. It should be understood that they are not representative of all claimed inventions. In addition, the disclosure includes other inventions not presently claimed. Applicant reserves all rights in those presently unclaimed inventions including the right to claim such inventions, file additional applications, continuations, continuations in part, divisions, and/or the like thereof. As such, it should be understood that advantages, embodiments, examples, functional, features, logical, organizational, structural, topological, and/or other aspects of the disclosure are not to be considered limitations on the disclosure as defined by the claims or limitations on equivalents to the claims.
Claims
1. A wearable display system comprising:
- a display device including: a display panel; an illumination source; a light directing layer arranged between the display panel and the illumination source configured to direct light emitted by illumination source, the light directing layer including one or more transparent films directing light from the illumination source passing through the one or more films and illuminating an image presented by the display panel; and
- an optical component including a reflective or partially reflective surface, the reflective or partially reflective surface of the optical component configured relative to the display device to project the image from the display panel to an eye of a user wearing the display system,
- wherein at least one transparent film of the light directing layer includes a microstructure, formed in the at least one transparent film, directing or shaping light from the illumination source passing through the at least one transparent film.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one transparent film is a brightness enhancing film and the microstructure narrows a range of viewing angles of a beam of light passing through the brightness enhancing film increasing an amount of light emitted from the display panel along an angle of incidence formed from the display panel to the optical component to the eye of a user wearing the display system.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the microstructure formed in the at least one transparent film includes two or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the one transparent film, the grooves or notches forming one or more right angled prisms, each right angled prism having a prism angle corresponding to the direction of light emitted from the display panel.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the microstructure formed in the at least one transparent film includes at least two right angled prisms each having different prism angles.
5. The system of claim 3, wherein the prism angle corresponds to an angle of incidence defined by an optical prescription of the optical component at a point of the surface at which a main ray of light emitted from the display is reflected from the optical component to the eye.
6. The system of claim 3, wherein the light directing layer comprises one or more second transparent films, each second transparent film including two or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the second transparent film, the grooves or notches forming one or more isosceles triangle prisms, each isosceles triangle prism having a prism angle that narrows a width of an intensity distribution of light emitted from a point of the display panel.
7. The system of claim 3, wherein the light directing layer includes a second transparent film including a microstructure, formed in the second transparent film, including two or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the second transparent film, and the grooves or notches of the second transparent film form one or more right triangle prisms where each right triangle prism of the second transparent film has a prism angle corresponding to the direction of light emitted from the display panel, and wherein the triangular grooves or notches of the microstructure of the at least one transparent film are parallel to a first dimension and the triangular grooves or notches the microstructure of the second transparent film are parallel to a second dimension orthogonal to the first dimension.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the microstructure of the at least one transparent film narrows a range of viewing angles of a beam of light passing through the at least one transparent film prism.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the microstructure of the at least one transparent film of the light directing layer has a first region and a second region, the first region having a micro-prism structure that turns light emitted from the display panel with respect to a surface normal of the display panel at a first turning angle and the second region having a micro-prism structure that turns light emitted from the display panel with respect to the surface normal of the display panel at second turning angle that is different from the first angle.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the turning angle of each region formed in the film corresponds to an optical property of the optical component at a portion of the optical component where main rays of light passing through each region are reflected or partially reflected by the optical component to the eye of a user wearing the display system.
11. The system of claim 1, wherein the light directing layer includes a second transparent film including a microstructure, formed in the second transparent film, turning or shaping light from the illumination source passing through the second transparent film, where the microstructure of the at least one transparent film turns or shapes light passing through the at least one transparent film in a first spatial dimension of the display system and the microstructure of the second transparent film turns or shapes light passing through the second transparent film in a second spatial dimension of the display system orthogonal to the first spatial dimension.
12. The system of claim 1, wherein the microstructure formed in the at least one transparent film includes two or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the one transparent film, the grooves or notches forming one or more isosceles triangle prisms, each isosceles triangle prism having a prism angle prism angle that narrows a width of an intensity distribution of light emitted from a point of the display panel.
13. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one transparent film is a direction turning film and the microstructure directs a main ray of a beam of light passing through the direction turning film and emitted from the display device at an angle corresponds to an optical property of the optical component at a point on the optical component where the main ray is reflected or partially reflected by the optical component.
14. The system of claim 1, wherein the microstructure formed in the at least one transparent film includes two or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the one transparent film, the grooves or notches forming one or more isosceles triangle prisms, each isosceles triangle prism having a prism angle shaping light emitted from the display panel.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the microstructure formed in the at least one transparent film includes at least two isosceles triangle prisms each having different prism angles.
16. The system of claim 14, wherein the prism angle corresponds to an angle of incidence defined by an optical prescription of the optical component at a point of the surface of the optical component at which a ray of light emitted from the display is reflected from the optical component to the eye of a user wearing the display system.
17. The system of claim 14, wherein the light directing layer includes a second transparent film including a microstructure, formed in the second transparent film, including two or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the second transparent film, and the grooves or notches of the second transparent film form one or more isosceles triangle prisms where each isosceles triangle prism of the second transparent film has a prism angle shaping light emitted from the display panel, and wherein the triangular grooves or notches of the microstructure of the at least one transparent film are parallel to a first dimension and the triangular grooves or notches the microstructure of the second transparent film are parallel to a second dimension orthogonal to the first dimension.
18. The system of claim 1, wherein the microstructure of the at least one transparent film of the light directing layer has a first region having a micro-prism structure that narrows an intensity distribution of light passing through the first region to a first width and a second region having a micro-prism that narrows an intensity distribution of light passing through the second region to a second width that is different from the first width.
19. The system of claim 18, wherein the narrowing width of each region formed in the at least one transparent film corresponds to an optical property of the optical component at a portion of the optical component where rays of light passing through each region are reflected or partially reflected by the optical component to the eye of a user wearing the display system.
20. The system of claim 1, wherein the light directing layer includes a plurality of transparent films each transparent film layered on another transparent film, and each transparent film including a microstructure directing or shaping light from the illumination source passing through each corresponding transparent film.
21. The system of claim 1, wherein a portion of the at least one transparent film is without a microstructure and the direction or shaping of light passing through the portion is unaffected by the at least one transparent film.
22. A wearable display system comprising:
- a display device including: a display panel; one or more transparent films arranged on a surface of the display panel of the display device configured to direct light passing through the one or more films; and
- an optical component including a reflective or partially reflective surface, the reflective or partially reflective surface of the optical component configured relative to the display device to project light corresponding to an image presented by the display device to an eye of a user wearing the display system, wherein at least one transparent film of the light directing layer includes a microstructure, formed in the at least one transparent film, turning or shaping light from passing through the at least one transparent film.
23. The system of claim 22, wherein the microstructure of the at least one transparent film narrows a range of viewing angles of a beam of light passing through the at least one transparent film.
24. The system of claim 22, wherein the microstructure formed in the at least one transparent film includes two or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the at least one transparent film, the grooves or notches forming one or more right angled prisms, each right angled prism having a prism angle corresponding to a direction of light emitted from the display panel.
25. The system of claim 24, wherein the light directing layer includes a second transparent film including a microstructure, formed in the second transparent film, including two or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the second transparent film, and the grooves or notches of the second transparent film form one or more right triangle prisms where each right triangle prism of the second transparent film has a prism angle corresponding to the direction of light emitted from the display panel, and wherein the triangular grooves or notches of the microstructure of the at least one transparent film are parallel to a first dimension and the triangular grooves or notches the microstructure of the second transparent film are parallel to a second dimension orthogonal to the first dimension.
26. The system of claim 22, wherein the microstructure formed in the at least one transparent film includes two or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the one transparent film, the grooves or notches forming one or more isosceles triangle prisms, each isosceles triangle prism having a prism angle prism angle that narrows a width of an intensity distribution of light emitted from a point of the display panel.
27. The system of claim 22, wherein the microstructure formed in the at least one transparent film includes two or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the one transparent film, the grooves or notches forming one or more isosceles triangle prisms, each isosceles triangle prism having a prism angle shaping light emitted from the display panel.
28. The system of claim 27, wherein the light directing layer includes a second transparent film including a microstructure, formed in the second transparent film, including two or more parallel, triangular grooves or notches formed in a surface of the second transparent film, and the grooves or notches of the second transparent film form one or more isosceles triangle prisms where each isosceles triangle prism of the second transparent film has a prism angle shaping light emitted from the display panel, and wherein the triangular grooves or notches of the microstructure of the at least one transparent film are parallel to a first dimension and the triangular grooves or notches the microstructure of the second transparent film are parallel to a second dimension orthogonal to the first dimension.
29. The system of claim 22 wherein the display device further comprises an illumination source arranged to illuminate the display panel, and wherein light from the illumination source is directed by the one or more transparent films as the light from the illumination source passes through the one or more transparent films.
30. The system of claim 22, wherein a portion of the at least one transparent film is without a microstructure and the direction or shaping of light passing through the portion is unaffected by the at least one transparent film.
31. A wearable display system comprising:
- a display device including: a display panel; a backlight configured to illuminate an image presented by the display panel; and
- an optical component including a reflective or partially reflective surface, the reflective or partially reflective surface of the optical component configured relative to the display device to project the image from the display panel to an eye of a user wearing the display system,
- wherein the backlight includes an illumination source and one or more transparent films arranged between the illumination source and the display panel, where at least one transparent film includes a microstructure configured to turn or shape light from the illumination source passing through the at least one transparent film.
9632315 | April 25, 2017 | Smith |
Type: Grant
Filed: Sep 27, 2017
Date of Patent: Dec 3, 2019
Assignee: Meta View, Inc. (San Mateo, CA)
Inventors: Ashish Ahuja (Mountain View, CA), Jie Xiang (Cupertino, CA), Ting Heng Hsieh (San Mateo, CA), Shengtong Chen (Palo Alto, CA), Run Huang (Sunnyvale, CA)
Primary Examiner: William Choi
Application Number: 15/717,882
International Classification: G02B 27/14 (20060101); G09G 5/00 (20060101); G02B 27/01 (20060101); G02B 5/04 (20060101); F21V 8/00 (20060101);