Electric vehicle, vehicle-mounted charger, and method for controlling the same

- BYD Company Limited

The present disclosure provides an electric vehicle, a vehicle-mounted charger and a method for controlling the same. The method includes: obtaining a first predetermined discharging-period Tm for controlling the H bridge in a first manner and a second predetermined discharging-period Tn for controlling the H bridge in a second manner when the vehicle-mounted charger starts to charge a power battery of the electric vehicle; and performing an alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner according to the first predetermined discharging-period Tm and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn, so as to perform a temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor.

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Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application is a national phase entry under 35 U.S.C. § 371 of International Application No. PCT/CN2016/110271, filed on Dec. 16, 2016, which is based on and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application Serial No. 201510956675.8 filed on Dec. 18, 2015, all content of all of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entity.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electric vehicles and, in particular, to a method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle, a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle, and an electric vehicle.

BACKGROUND

Along with the commercialization progress of electric vehicles, a vehicle-mounted charger of the electric vehicles has become one of important components in the electric vehicles.

There are many methods for discharging outwards from the whole vehicle via the vehicle-mounted charger. A monophase H bridge off-grid inversion control method is mostly adopted in related arts, which includes a dual-polarity control method and a mono-polarity control method.

However, when the dual-polarity control method is adopted, 4 switch transistors in an H bridge are all in a high frequency ON/OFF state, resulting in higher switching loss and larger heat loss; when the mono dual-polarity control method is adopted, although the heat loss of the switch transistors that is generated when the dual-polarity control method is adopted can be solved to some extent, the four switch transistors in the H bridge are controlled according to a fixing manner during a charging process or a discharging process of the whole vehicle, some switch transistors in the H bridge need to be switched off with current, so that the overheat problem of the switch transistors switched off with current is not effectively solved.

Therefore, no matter whether the dual-polarity control method or the mono-polarity control method is adopted, the heating problem of the switch transistors in the H bridge cannot be effectively solved, and the service life of the switch transistors is affected.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. For this purpose, a first objective of the present disclosure is to provide a method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle, which is capable of enabling heating of a first switch transistor, a second switch transistor, a third switch transistor and a fourth switch transistor in an H bridge to be relatively balanced, and improving a service life of the switch transistors in the H bridge.

A second objective of the present disclosure is to provide a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle. A third objective of the present disclosure is to provide an electric vehicle.

For the above purpose, in one aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle. The vehicle-mounted charger includes an H bridge. The H bridge includes a first switch transistor, a second switch transistor, a third switch transistor and a fourth switch transistor. The method includes: obtaining a first predetermined discharging-period for controlling the H bridge in a first manner and a second predetermined discharging-period for controlling the H bridge in a second manner when a power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger; and performing an alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner according to the first predetermined discharging-period and the second predetermined discharging-period, so as to perform a temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor.

According to the method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle in embodiments of the present disclosure, when the power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger, the first predetermined discharging-period for controlling the H bridge in the first manner and the second predetermined discharging-period for controlling the H bridge in the second manner are obtained; and the alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner is performed according to the first predetermined discharging-period and the second predetermined discharging-period, so as to perform the temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor, such that the heating of each switch transistor is relatively balanced, the service life of the switch transistors in the H bridge is prolonged, and thus the service period is prolonged.

For the above purpose, in another aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle, including: an H bridge including a first switch transistor, a second switch transistor, a third switch transistor and a fourth switch transistor; and a controller, configured to obtain a first predetermined discharging-period for controlling the H bridge in a first manner and a second predetermined discharging-period for controlling the H bridge in a second manner when a power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger; and to perform an alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner according to the first predetermined discharging-period and the second predetermined discharging-period.

According to the vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle in embodiments of the present disclosure, when the power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger every time, the controller is configured to obtain the first predetermined discharging-period for controlling the H bridge in the first manner and the second predetermined discharging-period for controlling the H bridge in the second manner; and to perform the alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner according to the first predetermined discharging-period and the second predetermined discharging-period, so as to perform the temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor, such that the heating of each switch transistor is relatively balanced, the service life of the switch transistors in the H bridge is prolonged, and thus the service period is prolonged.

In addition, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an electric vehicle, including the vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle.

According to the electric vehicle in embodiments of the present disclosure, when the power battery is charged by the above vehicle-mounted charger, the temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor in the H bridge can be realized, such that the heating of each switch transistor is balanced, the service life of the switch transistors in the H bridge is prolonged, and thus the service period of the vehicle-mounted charger is prolonged.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a control waveform of four switch transistors when an H bridge is controlled by using a first manner to enable a power battery to outwards discharge according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a control waveform of four switch transistors when an H bridge is controlled by using a second manner to enable a power battery to outwards discharge according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein, the same or similar numbers represent same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described with reference to the drawings are exemplary, and aim to explain the present disclosure rather than understood as a limitation to the present disclosure.

The method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle, a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle, and an electric vehicle with the vehicle-mounted charger, provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, are described with reference to the drawings as follows.

FIGS. 1 to 3 show a connecting manner of a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes an H bridge. The H bridge includes a first switch transistor T1, a second switch transistor T2, a third switch transistor T3 and a fourth switch transistor T4. The vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle as shown in FIG. 1 includes a first inductor L1 and a second inductor L2, in which a first end of the first inductor L1 is connected to one end of a load or an anode end of an alternating current power grid AC, and a first end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the other end of the load or a cathode end of the alternating current power grid AC, and a second end of the first inductor L1 and a second end of the second inductor L2 are connected to the H bridge. The vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle as shown in FIG. 2 merely includes an inductor, for example, the inductor L1, in which a first end of the first inductor L1 is connected to one end of a load or an anode end of an alternating current power grid AC, and a second end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the H bridge. The vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle as shown in FIG. 3 merely includes an inductor, for example, the first inductor L1, in which a first end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the other end of the load or a cathode end of the alternating current power grid AC, and a second end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the H bridge.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, the method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle in an embodiment of the present disclosure includes followings.

At step S1, a first predetermined discharging-period Tm for controlling the H bridge in a first manner and a second predetermined discharging-period Tn for controlling the H bridge in a second manner are obtained when a power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 5, if the H bridge is controlled in the first manner A, and when an outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is larger than 0, the first switch transistor T1 is controlled to be ON, the second switch transistor T2 is controlled to be OFF, and the third switch transistor T3 and the fourth switch transistor T4 are controlled to be ON and OFF complementarily and alternately. When the third switch transistor T3 and the fourth switch transistor T4 are controlled to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily, the PWM waveform of the third switch transistor T3 and the PWM waveform of the fourth switch transistor T4 are controlled to be complementary with each other, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the third switch transistor T3 is controlled from large to small and then to large, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the fourth switch transistor T4 is controlled from small to large and then to small; when the outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is smaller than 0, the third switch transistor T3 is controlled to be ON, the fourth switch transistor T4 is controlled to be OFF, and the first switch transistor T1 and the second switch transistor T2 are controlled to be ON and OFF complementarily and alternately. When the first switch transistor T1 and the second switch transistor T2 are controlled to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily, the PWM waveform of the first switch transistor T1 and the PWM waveform of the second switch transistor T2 are controlled to be complementary with each other, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the first switch transistor T1 is controlled from large to small and then to large, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the second switch transistor T2 is controlled from small to large and then to small.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 6, if the H bridge is controlled in the second manner B, and when an outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is larger than 0, the second switch transistor T2 is controlled to be ON, the first switch transistor T1 is controlled to be OFF, and the third switch transistor T3 and the fourth switch transistor T4 are controlled to be ON and OFF complementarily and alternately. When the third switch transistor T3 and the fourth switch transistor T4 are controlled to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily, the PWM waveform of the third switch transistor T3 and the PWM waveform of the fourth switch transistor T4 are controlled to be complementary with each other, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the third switch transistor T3 is controlled from small to large and then to small, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the fourth switch transistor T4 is controlled from large to small and then to large; when the outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is smaller than 0, the fourth switch transistor T4 is controlled to be ON, the third switch transistor T3 is controlled to be OFF, and the first switch transistor T1 and the second switch transistor T2 are controlled to be ON and OFF complementarily and alternately. When the first switch transistor T1 and the second switch transistor T2 are controlled to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily, the PWM waveform of the first switch transistor T1 and the PWM waveform of the second switch transistor T2 are controlled to be complementary with each other, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the first switch transistor T1 is controlled from small to large and then to small, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the second switch transistor T2 is controlled from large to small and then to large.

At step S2, an alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner is performed according to the first predetermined discharging-period Tm and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn, so as to perform a temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first predetermined discharging-period Tm and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn are preset for each discharging cycle of a discharging process of the power battery.

In the process of discharging from the power battery via the vehicle-mounted charger, if the H bridge is only controlled by using the first manner A, when the outward discharging transient voltage value is larger than 0, the first switch transistor T1 is always kept ON, the second switch transistor T2 is always kept OFF, and the third switch transistor T3 and fourth switch transistor T4 are ON and OFF alternately and complementarily, and the inductor in the vehicle-mounted charger is charged when the third switch transistor T3 is OFF and the fourth switch transistor T4 is ON, and discharges when the third switch transistor T3 is ON and the fourth switch transistor T4 is OFF; when the outward discharging transient voltage value is smaller than 0, the third switch transistor T3 is always kept ON, the fourth switch transistor T4 is always kept OFF, and the first switch transistor T1 and second switch transistor T2 are ON and OFF alternately and complementarily, and the inductor in the vehicle-mounted charger is charged when the first switch transistor T1 is OFF and the second switch transistor T2 is ON, and discharges when the first switch transistor T1 is ON and the second switch transistor T2 is OFF. Since the inductor is charged when the second switch transistor T2 and the fourth switch transistor T4 are ON, the second switch transistor T2 and the fourth switch transistor T4 are OFF with current, and hard switching is performed, therefore, the second switch transistor T2 and the fourth switch transistor T4 are overheated.

Similarly, in the process of discharging from the power battery via the vehicle-mounted charger, if the H bridge is only controlled by using the second manner B, when the outward discharging transient voltage value is larger than 0, the first switch transistor T1 is kept OFF always, the second switch transistor T2 is kept ON always, and the third switch transistor T3 and fourth switch transistor T4 are ON and OFF alternately and complementarily, and the inductor in the vehicle-mounted charger is charged when the fourth switch transistor T4 is OFF and the third switch transistor T3 is ON, and discharges when the fourth switch transistor T4 is ON and the third switch transistor T3 is OFF; when the outward discharging transient voltage value is smaller than 0, the fourth switch transistor T4 is kept ON always, the third switch transistor T3 is always kept OFF, and the first switch transistor T1 and second switch transistor T2 are ON and OFF alternately and complementarily, and the inductor in the vehicle-mounted charger is charged when the second switch transistor T2 is OFF and the first switch transistor T1 is ON, and discharges when the second switch transistor T2 is ON and the first switch transistor T1 is OFF. Since the inductor is charged when the first tube T1 and the third tube T3 are ON, the first switch transistor T1 and the third switch transistor T3 are OFF with current, and hard switching is performed, therefore, the first switch transistor T1 and the third switch transistor T3 are overheated.

Therefore, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the power battery starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger, the first predetermined discharging-period Tm and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn is preset, and then in the process of discharging from the power battery via the vehicle-mounted charger, firstly the H bridge can be controlled by selecting the first manner A to enable the power battery to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger till the period that the H bridge is controlled in the first manner A reaches Tm, then the H bridge is switched to be controlled by using the second manner B till the period that the H bridge is controlled in the second manner B reaches Tn, thereby finishing one discharging cycle (i.e., the period of one discharging cycle equals to Tm+Tn); then the H bridge is switched to be controlled by using the first manner A to enable the power battery to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger till the period that the H bridge is controlled by using the first manner A reaches Tm, then the H bridge is switched to be controlled by using the second manner B to enable the power battery to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger till the period that the H bridge is controlled by using the second manner B reaches Tn, . . . , and the like, thereby realizing the alternative control over the H bridge, and further performing the temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor. Or, in the process of discharging from the power battery via the vehicle-mounted charger, firstly the H bridge can be controlled by selecting the second manner B to enable the power battery to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger till the period that the H bridge is controlled in the second manner B reaches Tn, then the H bridge is switched to be controlled by using the first manner A till the period that the H bridge is controlled in the first manner A reaches Tm, thereby finishing one discharging cycle (i.e., the period of one discharging cycle equals to Tm+Tn); then the H bridge is switched to be controlled by using the second manner B to enable the power battery to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger till the period that the H bridge is controlled by using the second manner B reaches Tn, then the H bridge is switched to be controlled by using the first manner A to enable the power battery to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger till the period that the H bridge is controlled by using the first manner A reaches Tm, . . . , and the like, thereby realizing the alternative control over the H bridge, and further performing the temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor.

In other words, at step S2, the alternate control is performed on the H bridge according to the first predetermined discharging-period Tm and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn when the power battery discharges via the vehicle-mounted charger includes: when a period of controlling the H bridge in the first manner reaches the first predetermined discharging-period Tm, controlling the H bridge in the second manner till a period of controlling the H bridge in the second manner reaches the second predetermined discharging-period Tn; or when a period of controlling the H bridge in the second manner reaches the second predetermined discharging-period Tn, controlling the H bridge in the first manner till a period of controlling the H bridge in the first manner reaches the first predetermined discharging-period Tm.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first predetermined discharging-period Tm that the H bridge is controlled in the first manner A is equal to the second predetermined discharging-period Tn that the H bridge is controlled in the second manner B, thereby precisely controlling heating of the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor to be relatively balanced.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 7, the method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle includes the followings.

At step S501, a discharging wave is opened, i.e., when a power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger, a control waveform needs to be output to control the switch transistors in the H bridge.

At step S502, a first predetermined discharging-period Tm and a second predetermined discharging-period Tn are set.

At step S503, the first manner A is selected to control the H bridge.

At step S504, it is judged whether a period of controlling the H bridge in the first manner A reaches the first predetermined discharging-period Tm, then step S505 is executed if yes and step S503 is executed if not.

At step S505, it is judged whether the discharging process is over, then step S509 is executed if yes and step S506 is executed if not.

At step S506, the second manner B is selected to control the H bridge.

At step S507, it is judged whether a period of controlling the H bridge in the second manner B reaches the second predetermined discharging-period Tn, then step S508 is executed if yes and step S506 is executed if not.

At step S508, it is judged whether the discharging process is over, then step S509 is executed if yes and step S503 is executed if not.

At step S509, the discharging process completes.

Therefore, according to the method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle, in the process that the power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger, the heating of the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor is enabled to be relative balanced, and the service life of the vehicle-mounted charger is prolonged.

According to the method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle in embodiments of the present disclosure, when the power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger, the first predetermined discharging-period Tm for controlling the H bridge in the first manner and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn for controlling the H bridge in the second manner are obtained; and the alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner is performed according to the first predetermined discharging-period Tm and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn, so as to perform the temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor, such that the heating of each switch transistor is relatively balanced, the service life of the switch transistors in the H bridge is prolonged, and thus the service period is prolonged.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a vehicle-mounted charger according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes an H bridge and a controller such as an MCU (Micro Control Unit). The H bridge includes a first switch transistor T1, a second switch transistor T2, a third switch transistor T3 and a fourth switch transistor T4. The controller is configured to obtain a first predetermined discharging-period Tm for controlling the H bridge in a first manner and a second predetermined discharging-period Tn for controlling the H bridge in a second manner when a power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger; and to perform an alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner according to the first predetermined discharging-period Tm and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn, so as to perform a temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor T1, the second switch transistor T2, the third switch transistor T3 and the fourth switch transistor T4.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first predetermined discharging-period Tm and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn are preset for each discharging cycle of a discharging process of the power battery.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to perform the alternate control on the H bridge according to the first predetermined discharging-period Tm and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn when the power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger by steps of: when a period of controlling the H bridge in the first manner reaches the first predetermined discharging-period Tm, controlling the H bridge in the second manner till a period of controlling the H bridge in the second manner reaches the second predetermined discharging-period Tn; or when a period of controlling the H bridge in the second manner reaches the second predetermined discharging-period Tn, controlling the H bridge in the first manner till a period of controlling the H bridge in the first manner reaches the first predetermined discharging-period Tm.

That is to say, when the power battery starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger every time, the first predetermined discharging-period Tm and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn are preset, and then in the process of discharging from the power battery via the vehicle-mounted charger, firstly the H bridge can be controlled by selecting the first manner A to enable the power battery to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger till the period that the H bridge is controlled in the first manner A reaches Tm, then the H bridge is switched to be controlled by using the second manner B till the period that the H bridge is controlled in the second manner B reaches Tn, thereby finishing one discharging cycle (i.e., the period of one discharging cycle equals to Tm+Tn); then the H bridge is switched to be controlled by using the first manner A to enable the power battery to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger till the period that the H bridge is controlled by using the first manner A reaches Tm, then the H bridge is switched to be controlled by using the second manner B to enable the power battery to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger till the period that the H bridge is controlled by using the second manner B reaches Tn, . . . , and the like, thereby realizing the alternative control over the H bridge, and further performing the temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor. Or, in the process of discharging from the power battery via the vehicle-mounted charger, firstly the H bridge can be controlled by selecting the second manner B to enable the power battery to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger till the period that the H bridge is controlled in the second manner B reaches Tn, then the H bridge is switched to be controlled by using the first manner A till the period that the H bridge is controlled in the first manner A reaches Tm, thereby finishing one discharging cycle (i.e., the period of one discharging cycle equals to Tm+Tn); then the H bridge is switched to be controlled by using the second manner B to enable the power battery to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger till the period that the H bridge is controlled by using the second manner B reaches Tn, then the H bridge is switched to be controlled by using the first manner A to enable the power battery to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger till the period that the H bridge is controlled by using the first manner A reaches Tm, . . . , and the like, thereby realizing the alternative control over the H bridge, and further performing the temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first predetermined discharging-period Tm that the H bridge is controlled in the first manner equals to the second predetermined discharging-period Tn that the H bridge is controlled in the second manner.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, if the controller is configured to control the H bridge in the first manner A, when an outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is larger than 0, the first switch transistor T1 is controlled to be ON, the second switch transistor T2 is controlled to be OFF, and the third switch transistor T3 and the fourth switch transistor T4 are controlled to be ON and OFF complementarily and alternately. When the third switch transistor T3 and the fourth switch transistor T4 are controlled to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily, the PWM waveform of the third switch transistor T3 and the PWM waveform of the fourth switch transistor T4 are controlled to be complementary with each other, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the third switch transistor T3 is controlled from large to small and then to large, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the fourth switch transistor T4 is controlled from small to large and then to small; when the outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is smaller than 0, the third switch transistor T3 is controlled to be ON, the fourth switch transistor T4 is controlled to be OFF, and the first switch transistor T1 and the second switch transistor T2 are controlled to be ON and OFF complementarily and alternately. When the first switch transistor T1 and the second switch transistor T2 are controlled to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily, the PWM waveform of the first switch transistor T1 and the PWM waveform of the second switch transistor T2 are controlled to be complementary with each other, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the first switch transistor T1 is controlled from large to small and then to large, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the second switch transistor T2 is controlled from small to large and then to small.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, if the controller is configured to control the H bridge in the second manner B, when an outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is larger than 0, the second switch transistor T2 is controlled to be ON, the first switch transistor T1 is controlled to be OFF, and the third switch transistor T3 and the fourth switch transistor T4 are controlled to be ON and OFF complementarily and alternately. When the third switch transistor T3 and the fourth switch transistor T4 are controlled to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily, the PWM waveform of the third switch transistor T3 and the PWM waveform of the fourth switch transistor T4 are controlled to be complementary with each other, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the third switch transistor T3 is controlled from small to large and then to small, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the fourth switch transistor T4 is controlled from large to small and then to large; when the outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is smaller than 0, the fourth switch transistor T4 is controlled to be ON, the third switch transistor T3 is controlled to be OFF, and the first switch transistor T1 and the second switch transistor T2 are controlled to be ON and OFF complementarily and alternately. When the first switch transistor T1 and the second switch transistor T2 are controlled to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily, the PWM waveform of the first switch transistor T1 and the PWM waveform of the second switch transistor T2 are controlled to be complementary with each other, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the first switch transistor T1 is controlled from small to large and then to small, and a duty ratio of the PWM waveform of the second switch transistor T2 is controlled from large to small and then to large.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, the first switch transistor T1, the second switch transistor T2, the third switch transistor T3 and the fourth switch transistor T4 are all IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors), certainly, in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the first switch transistor T1, the second switch transistor T2, the third switch transistor T3 and the fourth switch transistor T4 can also be MOSs (Metal Oxide Semiconductors).

According to the vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle in embodiments of the present disclosure, when the power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger every time, the controller is configured to obtain the first predetermined discharging-period Tm for controlling the H bridge in the first manner and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn for controlling the H bridge in the second manner; and to perform the alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner according to the first predetermined discharging-period Tm and the second predetermined discharging-period Tn, so as to perform the temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor, such that the heating of each switch transistor is relatively balanced, the service life of the switch transistors in the H bridge is prolonged, and thus the service period is prolonged.

In addition, embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an electric vehicle, including the above vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle.

According to the electric vehicle in embodiments of the present disclosure, when a power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger, the temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor in the H bridge can be realized, such that the heating of each switch transistor is balanced, the service life of the switch transistors in the H bridge is prolonged, and thus the service period of the vehicle-mounted charger is prolonged.

In the description of the present disclosure, it is understandable that the directions of position relations indicated by the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “transverse”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inner”, “outer”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial” and “peripheral” are based on the directions or position relations as shown in the drawings, are merely convenient for describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description rather than indicating or implying the fact that devices or elements must have specific directions, or configured or operated in specific directions, and thus cannot understood as a limitation to the present disclosure.

In addition, the terms “first” and “second” merely aim to describe rather than being understood as indication or implication of relative importance or impliedly indicating a number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the characteristics defined by “first” and “second” can clearly or impliedly comprise at least one such characteristic. In the description of the present disclosure, “more” means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly specifically defined.

In the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms “mounted”, “jointed”, “connected”, “fixed”, etc., should be generalized understood, for example, the “connected” can be fixedly connected, or detachably connected, or integrated, can be mechanically connected or electrically connected, can also be directly connected or connected by an intermediate medium, and can also be internally communicated of two elements, or interacted of two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. Those ordinary skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the terms in the present disclosure according to specific conditions.

In the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the case that a first characteristic is “on” or “under” a second characteristic can be the case that the first characteristic and the second characteristic are in direct contact, or in indirect contact by an intermediate medium. Besides, the case that the first characteristic is “on”, “above” and “over” the second characteristic can be the case that the first characteristic is right or obliquely above the second characteristic, or only represents that the horizontal height of the first characteristic is higher than that of the second characteristic. The case that the first characteristic is “under”, “below” and “beneath” the second characteristic can be the case that the first characteristic is right or obliquely below the second characteristic, or only represents that the horizontal height of the first characteristic is lower than that of the second characteristic.

In the description of the specification, the description of the reference terms “one embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “examples”, “specific examples” or “some examples” refers to the fact that the specific characteristic, structure, material or feature described in combination with the embodiment or example is contained in the at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In the present specification, and the schematic expression of the above terms unnecessarily aims at the same embodiment or example. In addition, the described specific characteristic, structure, material or feature can be combined in a proper manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Besides, in the case without mutual contradiction, those skilled in the art can integrate or combine different embodiments or examples or the characteristics of different embodiments or examples described in the present specification.

Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described as above, it is understandable that those ordinary skilled in the art can change, modify, substitute and transform the above embodiments in a scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle, wherein the vehicle-mounted charger comprises an H bridge, and the H bridge comprises a first switch transistor, a second switch transistor, a third switch transistor and a fourth switch transistor, the method comprising:

obtaining a first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) for controlling the H bridge in a first manner and a second predetermined discharging-period (Tn) for controlling the H bridge in a second manner when a power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger; and
performing an alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner according to the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) and the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn), so as to perform a temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor, and the fourth switch transistor.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) and the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn) are preset for each discharging cycle of a discharging process of the power battery.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein performing an alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner according to the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) and the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn) comprises:

controlling the H bridge in the first manner until a period of controlling the H bridge in the first manner reaches the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) and controlling the H bridge in the second manner until a period of controlling the H bridge in the second manner reaches the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn); or
controlling the H bridge in the second manner until a period of controlling the H bridge in the second manner reaches the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn) and controlling the H bridge in the first manner until a period of controlling the H bridge in the first manner reaches the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm).

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein controlling the H bridge in the first manner comprises:

when an outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is larger than 0, controlling the first switch transistor to be ON, controlling the second switch transistor to be OFF, and controlling the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily; and
when the outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is smaller than 0, controlling the third switch transistor to be ON, controlling the fourth switch transistor to be OFF, and controlling the first switch transistor and the second switch transistor to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein controlling the H bridge in the second manner comprises:

when an outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is larger than 0, controlling the second switch transistor to be ON, controlling the first switch transistor to be OFF, and controlling the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily; and
when the outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is smaller than 0, controlling the fourth switch transistor to be ON, controlling the third switch transistor to be OFF, and controlling the first switch transistor and the second switch transistor to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) is equal to the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn).

7. A vehicle-mounted charger of an electric vehicle, comprising:

an H bridge comprising a first switch transistor, a second switch transistor, a third switch transistor and a fourth switch transistor; and
a controller configured to obtain a first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) for controlling the H bridge in a first manner and a second predetermined discharging-period (Tn) for controlling the H bridge in a second manner when a power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger; and to perform an alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner according to the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) and the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn), so as to perform a temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor.

8. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 7, wherein the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) and the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn) are preset for each discharging cycle of a discharging process of the power battery.

9. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the controller is configured to:

control the H bridge in the first manner until a period of controlling the H bridge in the first manner reaches the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) and control the H bridge in the second manner until a period of controlling the H bridge in the second manner reaches the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn); or
control the H bridge in the second manner until a period of controlling the H bridge in the second manner reaches the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn) and control the H bridge in the first manner until a period of controlling the H bridge in the first manner reaches the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm).

10. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to:

control the first switch transistor to be ON, the second switch transistor to be OFF and the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily when an outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is larger than 0; and
control the third switch transistor to be ON, the fourth switch transistor to be OFF, and the first switch transistor and the second switch transistor to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily when the outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is smaller than 0.

11. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 9, wherein the controller is further configured to:

control the second switch transistor to be ON, the first switch transistor to be OFF, and the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily when an outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is larger than 0; and
control the fourth switch transistor to be ON, the third switch transistor to be OFF, and the first switch transistor and the second switch transistor to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily when the outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is smaller than 0.

12. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 11, wherein the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) is equal to the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn).

13. An electric vehicle, comprising:

a vehicle-mounted charger for the electric vehicle, the vehicle-mounted charger comprising:
an H bridge comprising a first switch transistor, a second switch transistor, a third switch transistor and a fourth switch transistor; and
a controller configured to obtain a first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) for controlling the H bridge in a first manner and a second predetermined discharging-period (Tn) for controlling the H bridge in a second manner when a power battery of the electric vehicle starts to discharge via the vehicle-mounted charger; and to perform an alternate control on the H bridge in the first manner or the second manner according to the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) and the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn), so as to perform a temperature balanced control over the first switch transistor, the second switch transistor, the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor.

14. The electric vehicle according to claim 13, wherein the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) and the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn) are preset for each discharging cycle of a discharging process of the power battery.

15. The electric vehicle according to claim 14, wherein the controller is configured to:

control the H bridge in the first manner until a period of controlling the H bridge in the first manner reaches the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm) and control the H bridge in the second manner until a period of controlling the H bridge in the second manner reaches the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn); or
control the H bridge in the second manner until a period of controlling the H bridge in the second manner reaches the second predetermined discharging-period (Tn) and control the H bridge in the first manner until a period of controlling the H bridge in the first manner reaches the first predetermined discharging-period (Tm).

16. The electric vehicle according to claim 15, wherein the controller is further configured to:

control the first switch transistor to be ON, the second switch transistor to be OFF and the third switch transistor and the fourth switch transistor to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily when an outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is larger than 0; and
control the third switch transistor to be ON, the fourth switch transistor to be OFF, and the first switch transistor and the second switch transistor to be ON and OFF alternately and complementarily when the outward discharging transient voltage value of the vehicle-mounted charger is smaller than 0.
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Patent History
Patent number: 10933766
Type: Grant
Filed: Dec 16, 2016
Date of Patent: Mar 2, 2021
Patent Publication Number: 20200269716
Assignee: BYD Company Limited (Shenzhen)
Inventor: Xinghui Wang (Shenzhen)
Primary Examiner: Arun C Williams
Application Number: 15/776,279
Classifications
Current U.S. Class: Gas (372/55)
International Classification: H02J 7/00 (20060101); B60L 53/62 (20190101); B60L 50/60 (20190101); H02J 7/06 (20060101);