BI-DIRECTIONAL GFCI
A bi-directional fault circuit interrupter comprising a first connection interface, a second connection interface, at least one fault circuit, and at least one switch which is movable from at least one first position to at least one second position to selectively electrically connect the fault circuit to either the first connection interface or the second connection interface. There are also a plurality of conductors configured to electrically connect the first connection interface to the switch and the second connection interface to the switch.
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The invention relates to a bi-directional circuit interrupter that can be set to connect to either a first pole or set of contacts or switched to a second pole or set of contacts depending on how the device is initially wired.
Other patents that generally relate to fault circuits include U.S. Pat. No. 4,595,894 to Doyle et al. and which issued on Jun. 17, 1986; U.S. Pat. No. 5,706,155 to Neiger et al. which issued on Jan. 6, 1998; U.S. Pat. No. 5,715,125 to Neiger et al. which issued on Feb. 3, 1998; U.S. Pat. No. 6,426,558 to DiSalvo et al. which issued on Jun. 12, 2001; U.S. Pat. No. 6,937,452 to Chan et al. which issued on Aug. 30, 2005; U.S. Pat. No. 7,049,910 to Campolo et al. which issued on May 23, 2006; U.S. Pat. No. 7,196,886 to Chan et al. which issued on Mar. 27, 2007, wherein the disclosures of these patents are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
SUMMARYThe invention relates to a bi-directional fault circuit interrupter comprising a first connection interface, a second connection interface, at least one fault circuit, and at least one switch which is movable from at least one first position to at least one second position to selectively electrically connect the fault circuit to either the first connection interface or the second connection interface. There are also a plurality of conductors configured to electrically connect the first connection interface to the switch and the second connection interface to the switch.
One way to effect this switching is to have a fusable link coupled between the phase and neutral lines of the first interface and a fusable link coupled between the phase and neutral lines of the second interface. The device can also include a spring, and an anchor which can be used to bias the switch in a first position. When at least one of the fusable links is burned out, the device can then either remain in the first position, or switch to the second position. The spring and the anchor can be coupled in any manner known, however in at least one embodiment the spring is coupled between the fusable link on the first interface, and the switch, while the anchor is coupled between the fusable link on the second interface and the switch.
There is also a method for selectively switching a bi-directional fault circuit interrupter. The method comprises the steps of biasing at least one switch in at least a first position, coupling a power line to at least one of a first interface or a second interface; burning out at least one fusable link coupled to at least one of the first interface and the second interface to release the switch, wherein the switch is adapted such that it can selectively move to couple power from the power line to a fault circuit interrupter.
In at least one embodiment, the switch described above is a mechanical switch which relies on the burning out or failure of a fusable link. The above described mechanical switching system provides a relatively simple mechanical switch which insures that fault circuit protection is applied regardless of how the device is wired.
Alternatives to the fusable links can be in the form of electro mechanical switches, thermo mechanical switches, or any other thermo or electronic device which would selectively release the anchor and the spring to selectively hold or throw the switches.
Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description considered in connection with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the drawings are designed as an illustration only and not as a definition of the limits of the invention.
In the drawings, wherein similar reference characters denote similar elements throughout the several views:
First phase input 22 is coupled to first phase line 42, while first neutral input 24 is coupled to first neutral line 44. There is also a second phase line 101 coupled to second phase input 104 while second neutral line 102 is coupled to second neutral input 106.
There are also contacts or poles 62, 64, 66, and 68 which are formed as the GFCI line and load contacts such as GFCI line phase contact 62, GFCI line neutral contact 64, GFCI load phase contact 66 and GFCI load neutral contact 68. There are also corresponding contacts or poles 63, and 65.
For example, the GFCI line phase pole. Poles 63 and 66 are the GFCI load phase poles. Pole 64 is the GFCI line neutral pole, while poles 65 and 68 are the GFCI load neutral poles.
There are also lines 72, 74, 76 and 78 which provide selective electrical contact to GFCI components. For example, line 72 is coupled at a first end to switching pole 62 and at a second end to GFCI line phase contact 114 of a GFCI circuit such as GFCI 50 (See
Thus, switch 33 selectively switches from a first position connected to pole 62 to a second position connected to pole 63, while switch 34 selectively switches from a first position connected to pole 66 to a second position connected to pole 62 depending on how the device is wired. In addition, switch 35 switches from a first position connected to pole 68 to a second position connected to pole 64, while switch 36 switches from a first position connected to pole 64 to a second position connected to pole 65. When the device is wired with the power line coupled to first interface 20, then the switches are in the first position as shown in
One way to create this switching, is to provide fusable links positioned so as to selectively allow an actuator to move a switch body such as switch body 32, depending on whether a power line is coupled to a first interface 20 or to a second interface 100. In this case, the actuator is in the form of spring 30 and anchor 80. An example of the process stages for controlling the movement of the switch body 32 when the power line is coupled to the first interface 20 is shown in
For example,
Once fusable link 28 is burned out, as shown in
If the device is wired such that a power line is coupled to a second interface such as interface 100, then the power line has a phase line that is coupled to second phase contact 104, while the power line has a neutral line coupled to second neutral contact 106 as shown in
These contacts 170 can be set in a known way such as through the pressing of a reset contact switch which sets these contacts in place thereby allowing power to flow between line 114 and line 110 and power to flow between line 116 and line 112.
Accordingly, while only a few embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is obvious that many changes and modifications may be made thereunto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims
1. A bi-directional fault circuit interrupter comprising:
- a) a first connection interface;
- b) a second connection interface;
- c) at least one fault circuit;
- d) at least one switch which is movable from at least one first position to at least one second position to selectively electrically connect said at least one fault circuit to either said first connection interface or to said second connection interface; and
- e) a plurality of conductors configured to electrically connect said first connection interface to said at least one switch and said second connection interface to said at least one switch.
2. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 1, wherein said first connection interface comprises at least one phase line and at least one neutral line.
3. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 1, wherein said second connection interface comprises at least one phase line and at least one neutral line.
4. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 1, wherein said at least one fault circuit comprises at least one transformer.
5. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 1, wherein said at least one fault circuit comprises at least one integrated circuit.
6. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 4, wherein said at least one transformer comprises at least one differential transformer, and at least one grounded neutral transformer.
7. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 1, further comprising at least one spring for biasing said at least one switch in a first position.
8. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 7, further comprising at least one anchor coupled to said at least one switch opposite said at least one spring.
9. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 1, further comprising at least one anchor coupled to said at least one switch.
10. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 9, further comprising at least one spring coupled to said at least one switch opposite said at least one anchor.
11. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 6, further comprising a fusable link coupled to said at least one spring.
12. The bi-directional fault circuit as in claim 11, wherein said fusable link is one selected from the group consisting of a resistor, solder trace, and a wire.
13. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 11, wherein said fusable link is coupled between a first interface phase line and a first interface neutral line, and to said spring, wherein when a power line is coupled to said first interface, said fusable link is burned away to release said spring, thereby allowing said at least one switch to be thrown to said second position.
14. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 13, wherein said fusable link comprises a resistor which is configured to mechanically separate upon an application of a line voltage.
15. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 8, further comprising at least one fusable link coupled to said at least one anchor.
16. The bi-directional fault circuit interrupter as in claim 15, wherein said fusable link is coupled between said second interface phase line and said second interface neutral line, and to said anchor, wherein when a power line is coupled to said second interface, said fusable link is burned away to release said anchor, thereby allowing said at least one switch to be thrown to said second position.
17. A method for selectively switching a bi-directional fault circuit interrupter comprising the steps of:
- a) biasing at least one switch in at least one of a first position and a second position;
- b) coupling a power line to at least one of a first interface or a second interface; and
- c) burning out at least one fusable link coupled to at least one of said first interface and said second interface to release said switch, wherein said switch is adapted to move to the other of said first position and second position to selectively couple power from said power line to a fault circuit interrupter.
18. The method as in claim 17, further comprising the step of releasing a spring coupled to said at least one switch to release a bias on said switch.
19. The method as in claim 17, further comprising the step of releasing an anchor coupled to said at least one switch to release said anchor holding said switch in a first position.
20. The method as in claim 17, wherein said step of coupling a power line to at least one of a first interface or a second interface comprises coupling a power line to said first interface, and wherein said step of burning out at least one fusable link coupled to at least one of said first interface and said second interface comprises burning out at least one fusable link coupled to said first interface, wherein the method further comprises the step of:
- releasing at least one spring coupled to said fusable link, when said fusable link is burned out, said at least one spring being coupled to said at least one switch.
21. The method as in claim 20, further comprising the steps of:
- burning out at least one fusable link coupled to said second interface, to release at least one anchor coupled to said fusable link coupled to said second interface; and
- releasing said at least one switch from said at least one anchor.
22. The method as in claim 17, wherein said step of coupling a power line to at least one of a first interface or a second interface comprises coupling a power line to said second interface, and wherein said step of burning out at least one fusable link coupled to at least one of said first interface and said second interface comprises burning out at least one fusable link coupled to said second interface, wherein the method further comprises the step of:
- releasing at least one anchor coupled to said fusable link, when said fusable link is burned out, said at least one anchor being coupled to said at least one switch; and
- moving said at least one switch from said first position to a second position after said at least one fusable link is burned out.
23. The method as in claim 22, further comprising the steps of:
- burning out at least one fusable link coupled to said first interface, to release at least one spring coupled to said fusable link coupled to said first interface; and
- releasing said at least one switch from said at least one anchor.
Type: Application
Filed: Jun 3, 2008
Publication Date: Dec 3, 2009
Patent Grant number: 7869173
Applicant: LEVITON MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC. (Little Neck, NY)
Inventor: Fred KEMPLER (Valley Stream, NY)
Application Number: 12/132,598
International Classification: H02H 3/16 (20060101);