FIVE-MEMBERED NON AROMATIC RING-PYRIMIDINE HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR, AND USES THEREOF

Info

Publication number: 20200361954
Type: Application
Filed: Oct 12, 2018
Publication Date: Nov 19, 2020
Patent Grant number: 11084830
Inventors: Xinyong LIU (Jinan), Dongwei KANG (Jinan), Peng ZHAN (Jinan), Gaoshan WU (Jinan), Zhao WANG (Jinan)
Application Number: 16/765,095

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of pharmaceutical technology, specifically disclosing five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidines compounds with the general formulas I. Also including theirs polycrystalline and eutectic, prodrugs and derivatives with same biologically functional, methods for their preparation, and compositions containing one or more of these compounds in the drugs application of treatment and prevention of human immunodeficiency virus.

Description

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to five-membered non-aromatic derivatives, pharmaceutically acceptable additional salts or prodrugs having HIV replication inhibiting properties. Also described herein are the preparation of these derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is infected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), which could cause defects in the body's defense functions (especially cell-mediated immune functions). It is prone to opportunistic infections and tumors, belonging to one of the 10 major diseases that seriously endanger the people's health. At present, China's HIV/AIDS epidemic has entered a period of rapid growth, and the number of infected people has exceeded 700,000. Although the universal implementation of high-efficiency antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has greatly reduced the AIDS morbidity and mortality, the toxic and side effects and cross-resistance caused by long-term medication have greatly restricted its clinical application. Therefore, the development of new anti-AIDS drugs is still a major scientific research task.

In the life cycle of HIV-1, reverse transcriptase (RT) is responsible for reverse transcription of single-stranded RNA carrying viral genetic information into double-stranded DNA, which is a key target for anti-AIDS drug design. RT inhibitors mainly divided into nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (N(t)RTIs) and non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs). Among them, NNRTIs is an important part of HAART for its advantages of high efficiency and low toxicity compared to N(t)RTIs. However, due to the high variability of HIV-1 virus, the rapid emergence of drug-resistant strains in the clinic significantly reduced their clinical efficacy. The problem of drug resistance has become an insurmountable gap for anti-AIDS drugs. Therefore, the development of a new generation of highly effective anti-drug NNRTIs is one of the important areas of anti-AIDS drug research.

Diarylpyrimidine (DAPY) is a typical type of HIV-1 NNRTIs and has promising anti-resistance profiles, both the second-generation HIV-1 NNRTIs Etravirine (ETR) and Rilpivirne (RPV) are belongs to DAPY derivatives. The use of diarylpyrimidine compounds as templates and extensive structural modifications are of great significance for the discovery of new anti-HIV drugs with high-efficiency, broad-spectrum resistance, good bioavailability, and independent intellectual property rights.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a series of thiazolopyrimidine five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidines derivatives and their preparation method, as well as their applications as HIV-1 inhibitors.

1. Five-Membered Non-Aromatic Pyrimidines Derivatives

The invention provides a series of thiazolopyrimidine five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidines compounds of formula I, and pharmaceutically acceptable additional salts or prodrugs.

Wherein

R is CH₃, CN or CH═CHCN;

X is C, N, O, or S;

Y is C, N, O, or S;

Z is C, N, O, or S;

And at least two of X, Y and Z are C atoms at the same time;

Ar is phenyl or pyridyl; or SO₂NH₂, SO₂CH₃, CONH₂, halogen, NO₂, CN, NH₂, CF₃, NHCH₃, OH, COOH, CH₂OH, CO₂Me, OCH₃, and NHCOCH₃substituted phenyl; substituents are ortho, meta and para single or multiple substitutions.

more preferably, five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidines derivatives are compounds as follows:

The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” as used in the present invention means that the salt of the compound is suitable for contact with the tissue of a human or lower animal without any inappropriate toxicity, irritation and allergy within a reliable medical evaluation range reaction, with a reasonably reasonable ratio of profit to risk. They are usually water or oil soluble or dispersible, and can be effectively used for its intended use. It includes pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts and base addition salts, which can be effectively used as specific purpose and compatible with compounds described here. The pharmaceutical acceptable salts are reviewed in S. M. Birge et al. J. Pharm. Sci., 1977, 66, 1-19.

2. Preparation of Five-Membered Non-Aromatic Pyrimidines Derivatives

The preparation method of five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidines derivatives is as follows: Treated the starting material 2,4-dichloro-substituted five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidine 1 with substituted phenol or aniline obtained intermediates 2 via nucleophilic substitution reaction. Then 2 was reacted with N-Boc-4-aminopiperidine got the key intermediates 3, which was directly deprotected with trifluoroacetic acid to yield the key intermediate 4. Finally, 4 was converted into target compounds by nucleophilic substitution with various substitutes of benzyl chloride or benzyl bromide. The synthetic routes are as follows:

Reagents and conditions: (i) substituted phenol or aniline, DMF, K₂CO₃, r.t.; (ii) DMF, K₂CO₃, N-Boc-4-aminopiperidine, 100° C.; (iii) TFA, DCM, r.t.; (iv) substituted benzyl bromine, DMF, K₂CO₃, r.t.

Wherein, X, Y, Z, R, Ar are the same as general formula I.

Wherein, substituted phenol or aniline is selected from 2,4,6-trimethylphenol, 2, 6-dimethyl-4-cyanophenol, 2,6-dimethyl-4-(E)-cyanovinylphenol, 2,4,6-trimethylaniline, 2, 6-dimethyl-4-cyanoaniline, and 2,6-dimethyl-4-(E)-cyanovinylanilinen.

Wherein, the substituted benzyl chloride/bromide is selected from 1-chloro-2-(chloromethyl)benzene, 1-chloro-3-(chloromethyl)benzene, 1-chloro-4-(chloromethyl) benzene, 1-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)benzene, 1-bromo-3-(bromomethyl)benzene, 1-bromo-4-(bromomethyl) benzene, 1-(chloromethyl)-2-fluorobenzene, 1-(chloromethyl)-3-fluorobenzene, 1-(chloromethyl)-4-fluorobenzene, 1-(bromomethyl)-2,4-difluorobenzene, 1-(bromomethyl)-3,4-difluorobenzene, 2-(chloromethyl)benzonitrile, 3-(chloromethyl)benzonitrile, 4-(chloromethyl)benzonitrile, 1-(chloromethyl)-2-nitrobenzene, 1-(chloromethyl)-3-nitrobenzene, 1-(chloromethyl)-4-nitrobenzene, 1-(chloromethyl)-2-methoxybenzene, 1-(chloromethyl)-3-methoxybenzene, 1-(chloromethyl)-4-methoxybenzene, 1-(bromomethyl)-4-(methylsulfonyl) benzene, 4-(bromomethyl)benzenesulfonamide, 3-(bromomethyl)benzenesulfonamide, 2-(bromomethyl)benzamide, N-(4-(bromomethyl)phenyl)formamide, ethyl 4-(bromomethyl) benzoate, 4-(bromomethyl)benzamide, 3-(bromomethyl)benzamide, N-(4-(bromomethyl)phenyl) methanesulfonamide, etc.

The room temperature of the present invention is from 20 to 30° C.

3. Activity Against Wide-Type and Mutant HIV-1 Strains and Use Thereof

Antiviral potency was evaluated in MT-4 cell cultures infected with WT HIV-1 strain (IllB) as well as cells infected with a panel of NNRTI-resistant double-mutant strain K103N+Y181C (RES056). Nevirapine (NVP) and etravirine (ETR) were selected as control drugs.

As depicted in Table 1, the results demonstrated that most compounds exhibited nanomolar EC₅₀values towards HIV-1 IIIB. A, A4, B1-4, C1, C3-4, and D2 exhibited more potent activity than that of ETR (EC₅₀=5.1 nM), with EC₅₀values ranging from 1.1 to 4.3 nM. Moreover, B2, C1, and C3-4 were demonstrated with lower cytotoxicity (CC₅₀>200 μM) and a huge selectivity index (SI) value (ratio of CC₅₀/EC₅₀) of >100,000. Among all the compounds, C1 proved to be the most potent inhibitor with EC₅₀value of 1.1 nM, being about 4.6-fold potent than ETR. In the case of mutant HIV-1 strain RES056, C1 (EC₅₀=25.8 nM, SI>9091) displayed the most effective activity, being more potent than that of ETR (EC₅₀=45.4 nM). In addition, A1-2 and B1-4 (EC₅₀=28.8-43.6 nM) exhibited comparable activity with ETR against mutant strain RES056. Overall, the results indicate that five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidines compounds hold great promise as potential next-generation anti-HIV drug candidates, and they have great value for further research and development.

Also described here are five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidines derivatives used as HIV-1 NNRTIs, furthermore, these HIV-1 inhibitors will be used as anti-AIDS drugs.

Also described here are pharmaceutical composition comprising five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidines derivatives, and with one or more kind of pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.

The present invention provides novel five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidines derivatives, their preparation method, anti-HIV-1 activity screening results and their first application in anti-HIV-1 field. The five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidines derivatives of the present invention have been proved to be useful as HIV-1 inhibitors and have high application value. In particular, the inhibitors could be used as anti-AIDS drugs.

EXAMPLES

Selected examples are listed as follows, the invention includes these compounds disclosed herein but not confined to them.

The synthetic routes involved in the examples are as follows:

Example 1:4-((2-chloro-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)-3,5-dimethylbenzonitrile (7)

A reaction mixture of 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzonitrile (1.5 g, 10 mmol) and potassium carbonate (1.7 g, 12 mmol) in 30 mL of DMF was stirred at 25° C. for 15 min, and then 2,4-dichloro-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine (2.1 g, 10 mmol) was added to it. Stirring was continued for an additional 2.0 h (monitored by TLC), then the mixture was poured into ice water, the precipitated white solid was collected by filtration, washed with cold water, and recrystallized in DMF-H₂O to provide the desired product 7 as white solid, 86% yield. mp: 272-274° C. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.67 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph-H), 3.37-3.35 (m, 2H), 3.14 (t, J=8.2 Hz, 2H, S—CH₂), 2.06 (s, 6H). HRMS: m/z 318.0411 [M+1]⁺. C₁₅H₁₂ClN₃OS (317.0390).

Example 2: 3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-(piperidin-4-ylamino)-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl) oxy)benzonitrile (9)

A solution of 7 (1.0 g, 3.17 mmol), tert-butyl 4-aminopiperidine-1-carboxylate (0.83 g, 3.80 mmol), and anhydrous K₂CO₃(0.87 g, 6.33 mmol) in 5 mL of DMF was heated at 100° C. for 10 h. After completion (monitored by TLC), the mixture was cooled to room temperature and 50 mL of ice water was added. The reaction mixture was continuously stirred for another 30 min and the resulting precipitate was collected and dried to give the intermediate 8, which was used directly without purification. To a solution of 8 (1.26 g, 2.53 mmol) in dichloromethane (DCM) (4 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (2.22 mL, 30 mmol) at room temperature. After the mixture was stirred for 4 h (monitored by TLC), it was alkalized to pH 9 with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and washed with saturated salt water (15 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with DCM (3×5 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over Na₂SO₄. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel to get 9 as a white solid with 58% yield, mp: 135-137° C. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.67 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph-H), 7.09 (s, 1H, NH), 3.36-3.35 (m, 3H), 3.13 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, S—CH₂), 2.71-2.62 (m, 2H), 2.06 (s, 6H), 1.83-1.45 (m, 6H). HRMS: m/z 382.1692 [M+1]⁺. C₂₀H₂₃N₅OS (381.1623).

Example 3: Preparation of A1-A6

Compounds 9 (0.5 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous DMF (5 mL) in the presence of anhydrous K₂CO₃(0.14 g, 1.0 mmol), followed by addition of appropriate substituted benzyl chloride (bromine) (0.6 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6-8 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and then water (20 mL) was added. Extracted with ethyl acetate (3×10 mL), and the organic phase was washed with saturated sodium chloride (10 mL), then dried over anhydrous Na₂SO₄to give the corresponding crude product, which was purified by flash column chromatography and recrystallized from Ethyl acetate (EA)/petroleum ether (PE) to afford the target compounds A1-A6.

4-((4-((4-(4-cyano-2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)methyl)benzenesulfonamide (A1)

Starting with 9 and 4-(bromomethyl)benzenesulfonamide to afford A1 as a white solid. Yield: 58%, mp: 201-203° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.77 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, C₃,C-Ph′-H), 7.67 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.45 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 7.31 (s, 2H, SO₂NH₂), 7.09 (s, 1H, NH), 3.45 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 3.37-3.35 (m, 3H), 3.14 (t, J=8.2 Hz, 2H, S—CH₂), 2.71-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.06 (s, 6H), 1.80-1.20 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 162.0, 160.6, 143.3, 143.1, 133.1, 129.4, 126.0, 119.1, 108.6, 61.9, 52.6, 31.5, 29.3, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 551.1890 [M+1]⁺. C₂₇H₃₀N₆O₃S₂(550.1821).

4-((4-((4-(4-cyano-2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)methyl)benzamide (A2)

Starting with 9 and 4-(chloromethyl)benzamide to afford A2 as a white solid. Yield: 67%, mp: 245-248° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.92 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.67 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.34-7.32 (m, 3H), 6.95 (s, 1H, NH), 3.43 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 3.39-3.30 (m, 3H), 3.14 (t, J=8.1 Hz, 2H, S—CH₂), 2.67 (s, 2H), 2.06 (s, 6H), 1.78-1.19 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 168.2, 160.6, 142.5, 133.4, 133.1, 132.6, 128.8, 127.8, 108.6, 62.2, 52.6, 36.9, 31.5, 29.3, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 515.2219 [M+1]⁺. C₂₈H₃₀N₆O₂S (514.2151).

3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-((1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)benzonitrile (A3)

Starting with 9 and 1-(bromomethyl)-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzene to afford A3 as a white solid. Yield: 70%, mp: 142-144° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.87 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.67 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.54 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 7.10 (s, 1H, NH), 3.50 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 3.40-3.29 (m, 3H), 3.20 (s, 3H, SO₂CH₃), 3.15 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, S—CH₂), 2.67 (s, 2H), 2.07 (s, 6H), 1.77-1.21 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 160.6, 145.4, 139.8, 133.1, 132.7, 129.7, 127.4, 119.1, 108.6, 61.8, 52.6, 44.0, 31.6, 29.3, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 550.1946 [M+1]⁺. C₂₈H₃₁N₅O₃S₂(549.1868).

3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-((1-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)benzonitrile (A4)

Starting with 9 and 4-(chloromethyl)pyridine to afford A4 as a white solid. Yield: 54%, mp: 140-142° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.49 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.66 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.28 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′), 7.07 (s, 1H, NH), 3.43 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 3.39-3.25 (m, 3H), 3.15 (t, J=8.1 Hz, 2H, S—CH₂), 2.67 (s, 2H), 2.07 (s, 6H), 1.79-1.23 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 162.0, 160.6, 153.9, 149.9, 148.1, 133.1, 132.6, 124.1, 108.6, 61.2, 52.6, 36.9, 31.5, 29.3, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 473.2118 [M+1]⁺. C₂₆H₂₈N₆OS (472.2045).

3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-((1-(4-nitrobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)benzonitrile (A5)

Starting with 9 and 1-(chloromethyl)-4-nitrobenzene to afford A5 as a white solid. Yield: 62%, mp: 158-160° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.19 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.66 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.55 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 7.07 (s, 1H, NH), 3.54 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 3.39-3.25 (m, 3H), 3.15 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, S—CH₂), 2.68 (s, 2H), 2.07 (s, 6H), 1.82-1.20 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 162.0, 160.6, 147.5, 146.9, 133.1, 132.7, 130.0, 123.8, 119.0, 108.6, 61.6, 52.6, 39.4, 36.9, 31.6, 29.3, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 517.2016 [M+1]⁺. C₂₇H₂₈N₆O₃S (516.1944).

3-((4-((4-(4-cyano-2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)methyl)benzamide (A6)

Starting with 9 and 3-(chloromethyl)benzamide to afford A6 as a white solid. Yield: 47%, mp: 215-217° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.95 (s, 1H, C₂-Ph′-H), 7.75 (dd, J=11.0, 3.9 Hz, 2H, C₅,C₆-Ph′-H), 7.66 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.46-7.25 (m, 3H), 7.06 (s, 1H, NH), 3.43 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 3.39-3.25 (m, 3H), 3.15 (t, J=8.1 Hz, 2H, S—CH₂), 2.68 (s, 2H), 2.07 (s, 6H), 1.81-1.24 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 168.4, 162.0, 160.6, 139.2, 134.6, 133.1, 132.7, 132.0, 128.4, 126.4, 119.0, 108.6, 62.4, 52.6, 36.9, 31.6, 29.3, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 515.2229 [M+1]⁺. C₂₈H₃₀N₆O₂S (514.2151).

Example 4: 4-((2-chloro-5,7-dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)-3,5-dimethylbenzonitrile (11)

The synthetic method was similar to that described for 7, with the difference that the starting material was 2,4-dichloro-5,7-dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidine (10). White solid, Yield: 88%, mp: 180-183° C. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.69 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph-H), 4.97 (s, 2H, C₅-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 4.80 (s, 2H, C₇-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 2.10 (s, 6H). HRMS: m/z 302.0687 [M+1]⁺. C₁₅H₁₂ClN₃O₂(301.0618).

Example 5: 3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-(piperidin-4-ylamino)-5,7-dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl) oxy)benzonitrile (13)

The synthetic method was similar to that described for 9, with the difference that the starting material was 4-((2-chloro-5,7-dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)-3,5-dimethylbenzonitrile (11). White solid, Yield: 61%, mp: 122-124° C. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.67 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph-H), 7.08 (s, 1H, NH), 4.96 (s, 2H, C₅-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 4.77 (s, 2H, C₇-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 3.63-3.61 (m, 1H), 2.67 (s, 2H), 2.09 (s, 6H), 1.97-1.32 (m, 6H). HRMS: m/z 366.1843 [M+1]⁺. C₂H₂₃N₅O₂(365.1852).

Example 3: Preparation of B1-B6

The synthetic method was similar to that described for A1-A6, with the difference that the starting material was compound 13.

4-((4-((4-(4-cyano-2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-5,7-dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)methyl)benzenesulfonamide (B1)

Starting with 13 and 4-(bromomethyl)benzenesulfonamide to afford B1 as a white solid. Yield: 66%, mp: 191-193° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.77 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.67 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.45 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 7.31 (s, 2H, SO₂NH₂), 7.08 (s, 1H, NH), 4.96 (s, 2H, C₅-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 4.77 (s, 2H, C₇-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 3.63 (s, 1H), 3.47 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 2.69 (s, 2H), 2.09 (s, 6H), 1.94-1.18 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 162.9, 162.0, 143.3, 143.1, 133.1, 129.4, 126.9, 126.2, 126.0, 119.0, 61.9, 52.6, 31.5, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 535.2126 [M+1]⁺. C₂₇H₃₀N₆O₄S (534.2049).

4-((4-((4-(4-cyano-2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-5,7-dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)methyl)benzamide (B2)

Starting with 13 and 4-(chloromethyl)benzamide to afford B2 as a white solid. Yield: 57%, mp: 238-240° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.85 (s, 2H, CONH₂), 7.75 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.60 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.26 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 7.00 (s, 1H, NH), 4.89 (s, 2H, C₅-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 4.70 (s, 2H, C₇-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 3.60 (s, 1H), 3.42 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 2.74-2.53 (m, 2H), 2.02 (s, 6H), 1.93-1.11 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 168.2, 162.9, 162.5, 142.5, 133.4, 133.1, 132.5, 128.8, 127.8, 119.0, 108.7, 62.2, 52.6, 31.6, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 499.2457 [M+1]⁺. C₂₈H₃₀N₆O₃(498.2397).

3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-((1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-5,7-dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)benzonitrile (B3)

Starting with 13 and 1-(bromomethyl)-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzene to afford B3 as a white solid. Yield: 72%, mp: 209-211° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.87 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.67 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.54 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 7.08 (s, 1H, NH), 4.96 (s, 2H, C₅-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 4.77 (s, 2H, C₇-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 3.68 (s, 1H), 3.51 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 3.20 (s, 3H, SO₂CH₃), 2.76-2.62 (m, 2H), 2.09 (s, 6H), 1.90-1.15 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 162.9, 162.5, 145.4, 139.8, 133.1, 129.7, 127.4, 108.7, 69.3, 61.8, 52.6, 44.0, 31.5, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 534.2173 [M+1]⁺. C₂₈H₃₁N₅O₄S (533.2097).

3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-((1-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-5,7-dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)benzonitrile (B4)

Starting with 13 and 4-(chloromethyl)pyridine to afford B4 as a white solid. Yield: 73%, mp: 155-157° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.50 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.67 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.28 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 7.09 (s, 1H, NH), 4.96 (s, 2H, C₅-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 4.77 (s, 2H, C₇-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 3.68 (s, 1H), 3.45 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 2.77-2.59 (m, 2H), 2.09 (s, 6H), 1.91-1.22 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 162.9, 149.9, 148.1, 133.1, 124.1, 108.7, 69.4, 61.2, 52.6, 31.4, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 457.2345 [M+1]⁺. C₂₆H₂₈N₆O₂(456.2274).

3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-((1-(4-nitrobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-5,7-dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)benzonitrile (B5)

Starting with 13 and 1-(chloromethyl)-4-nitrobenzene afford B5 as a white solid. Yield: 61%, mp: 199-201° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.12 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.60 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.49 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 7.02 (s, 1H, NH), 4.89 (s, 2H, C₅-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 4.70 (s, 2H, C₇-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 3.61 (s, 1H), 3.47 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 2.63 (s, 2H), 2.02 (s, 6H), 1.80-1.14 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 162.9, 146.9, 133.1, 130.0, 123.8, 61.6, 52.6, 39.6, 39.4, 31.5, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 501.2247 [M+1]⁺. C₂₇H₂₈N₆O₄(500.2172).

3-((4-((4-(4-cyano-2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-5,7-dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)methyl)benzamide (B6)

Starting with 13 and 1-(chloromethyl)-4-nitrobenzene afford B6 as a white solid. Yield: 43%, mp: 225-227° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.88 (s, 2H, CONH₂), 7.70 (s, 1H, C₂-Ph′-H), 7.69-7.66 (m, 1H), 7.60 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.35-7.30 (m, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 7.01 (s, 1H, NH), 4.89 (s, 2H, C₅-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 4.70 (s, 2H, C₇-dihydrofuropyrimidine), 3.60 (s, 1H), 3.36 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 2.63 (s, 2H), 2.02 (s, 6H), 1.92-1.16 (m, 6H). ³C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 168.4, 163.0, 162.5, 139.2, 134.6, 133.1, 132.0, 128.4, 126.4, 119.0, 108.7, 69.4, 62.4, 55.3, 52.6, 39.6, 31.6, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 499.2456 [M+1]⁺. C₂H₃₀N₆O₃(498.2379).

Example 7: 4-((2-chloro-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)-3,5-dimethylbenzonitrile (15)

The synthetic method was similar to that described for 7, with the difference that the starting material was 2,4-dichloro-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine (14). White solid. Yield: 97%, mp: 254-256° C. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.73 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph-H), 3.04 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 2.92 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 2.13 (p, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 2.09 (s, 6H). HRMS: m/z 300.0895 [M+1]⁺. C₁₆H₄ClN₃O (299.0825).

Example 8: 3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-(piperidin-4-ylamino)-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)benzonitrile (17)

The synthetic method was similar to that described for 9, with the difference that the starting material was 15. White solid. Yield: 67%, mp: 135-137° C. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.64 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph-H), 6.90 (s, 1H, NH), 3.65 (s, 1H), 2.76-2.72 (m, 4H), 2.69-2.59 (m, 2H), 2.07 (s, 6H), 2.02-1.97 (m, 2H), 1.81-1.21 (m, 6H). HRMS: m/z 364.2132 [M+1]⁺. C₂₁H₂₅N₅O (363.2059).

Example 9: Preparation of C1-C6

The synthetic method was similar to that described for A1-A6, with the difference that the starting material was compound 17.

4-((4-((4-(4-cyano-2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)methyl)benzenesulfonamide (C1)

Starting with 17 and 4-(bromomethyl)benzenesulfonamide to afford C1 as a white solid. Yield: 80%, mp: 207-209° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.77 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.64 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.45 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 7.30 (s, 2H, SO₂NH₂), 6.90 (s, 1H, NH), 3.65 (s, 1H), 3.45 (s, 2H), 2.76 (dt, J=22.3, 7.7 Hz, 4H), 2.69-2.59 (m, 2H), 2.07 (s, 6H), 2.02 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 1.81-1.21 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 162.0, 143.3, 143.1, 133.1, 132.6, 129.4, 126.0, 119.1, 108.3, 62.0, 52.6, 39.6, 31.6, 25.9, 22.0, 16.3. HRMS: m/z 533.2330 [M+1]⁺. C₂₈H₃₂N₆O₃S (532.2257).

4-((4-((4-(4-cyano-2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)methyl)benzamide (C2)

Starting with 17 and 4-(chloromethyl)benzamide to afford C2 as a white solid. Yield: 68%, mp: 225-227° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.90 (s, 2H, CONH₂), 7.81 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.64 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.32 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 6.89 (s, 1H, NH), 3.65 (s, 1H), 3.48-3.36 (m, 2H), 2.76 (dt, J=22.1, 7.7 Hz, 4H), 2.70-2.58 (m, 2H), 2.07 (s, 6H), 2.02 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 1.70-1.23 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 168.2, 162.0, 143.1, 142.5, 133.4, 133.1, 129.5, 128.8, 127.8, 119.5, 108.9, 62.2, 52.7, 39.0, 31.2, 25.9, 22.0, 16.3. HRMS: m/z 497.2657 [M+1]⁺. C₂₉H₃₂N₆O₂(496.2587).

3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-((1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)benzonitrile (C3)

Starting with 17 and 1-(bromomethyl)-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzene to afford C3 as a white solid. Yield: 69%, mp: 170-172° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.89-7.85 (m, 2H), 7.65 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.54 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 6.80 (s, 1H, NH), 3.66 (s, 1H), 3.50 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 2.89 (s, 3H), 2.78 (dd, J=14.7, 7.3 Hz, 4H), 2.71-2.61 (m, 2H), 2.07 (s, 6H), 2.03 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.81-1.23 (m, 6H). ³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 162.7, 162.0, 145.4, 139.8, 133.1, 132.6, 129.7, 127.4, 127.3, 108.3, 62.6, 61.9, 52.6, 44.1, 44.0, 36.2, 31.6, 31.2, 25.9, 22.0, 16.3. HRMS: m/z 532.2377 [M+1]⁺. C₂₉H₃₃N₅O₃S (531.2304).

3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-((1-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)benzonitrile (C4)

Starting with 17 and 4-(chloromethyl)pyridine to afford C4 as a white solid. Yield: 72%, mp: 173-175° C.

, , 72%, 173-175° C. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) 8.57 (d, J=7.9 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.64 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.28 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 6.83 (s, 1H, NH), 3.60 (s, 1H), 3.48-3.42 (m, 2H), 2.76 (dt, J=21.6, 7.2 Hz, 4H), 2.70-2.62 (m, 2H), 2.07 (s, 6H), 2.02 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 1.85-1.21 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 168.2, 162.4, 142.9, 142.1, 133.7, 133.2, 129.5, 127.8, 1120.3, 108.7, 62.2, 52.6, 39.0, 31.6, 25.9, 22.0, 16.3. HRMS: m/z 455.2557 [M+1]⁺. C₂₇H₃₀N₆₀(454.2481).

3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-((1-(4-nitrobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)benzonitrile (C5)

Starting with 17 and 1-(chloromethyl)-4-nitrobenzene to afford C5 as a white solid. Yield: 71%, mp: 200-212° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.17 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.65 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.54 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 6.80 (s, 1H, NH), 3.72 (s, 1H), 3.50 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 2.78 (dd, J=14.4, 7.2 Hz, 4H), 2.71-2.64 (m, 2H), 2.07 (s, 6H), 2.03 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.81-1.23 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) 159.7, 147.5, 146.9, 145.4, 139.8, 133.1, 132.6, 130.2, 127.4, 123.8, 108.3, 62.1, 61.7, 52.6, 44.1, 36.2, 31.6, 31.2, 25.9, 21.8, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 499.2456 [M+1]⁺. C₂₈H₃₀N603 (498.2379).

3-((4-((4-(4-cyano-2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)methyl)benzamide (C6)

Starting with 17 and 3-(chloromethyl)benzamide to afford C6 as a white solid. Yield: 59%, mp: 234-236° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.96 (s, 2H, CONH₂), 7.79-7.75 (m, 1H), 7.65 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.39-7.35 (m, 3H), 6.80 (s, 1H, NH), 3.72 (s, 1H), 3.50 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 2.78 (dd, J=14.3, 7.2 Hz, 4H), 2.71-2.63 (m, 2H), 2.07 (s, 6H), 2.03 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.80-1.18 (m, 6H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) 168.2, 162.3, 143.2, 142.5, 133.4, 133.1, 129.4, 128.8, 127.6, 119.5, 108.9, 62.2, 52.7, 39.0, 31.3, 25.9, 22.0, 16.3. ESI-MS: m/z 497.2657 [M+1]⁺. C₂₉H₃₂N₆O₂(496.2587).

Example 10: 4-((2-chloro-5,7-dihydrothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)-3,5-dimethylbenzonitrile (19)

The synthetic method was similar to that described for 7, with the difference that the starting material was 2,4-dichloro-5,7-dihydrothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidine (18). White solid. Yield: 88%, mp: 268-270° C. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 7.72 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph-H), 4.12 (s, 2H, S—CH₂), 4.07 (s, 2H, S—CH₂), 2.10 (s, 6H). ESI-MS: m/z 318.2 [M+1]⁺. C₁₅H₁₂ClN₃OS (317.04).

Example 11: 3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-(piperidin-4-ylamino)-5,7-dihydrothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)benzonitrile (21)

The synthetic method was similar to that described for 9, with the difference that the starting material was 19. White solid. Yield: 96%, mp: 268-270° C. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 7.72 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph-H), 6.89 (s, 1H, NH), 4.12 (s, 2H, S—CH₂), 4.08 (s, 2H, S—CH₂), 3.72-3.70 (m, 1H), 2.74-2.72 (m, 2H), 2.10 (s, 6H), 1.97-1.75 (m, 4H), 1.47-1.42 (m, 2H). ESI-MS: m/z 382.2 [M+1]⁺. C₂₀H₂₃N₅OS (381.16).

Example 12: Preparation of B1-B6

The synthetic method was similar to that described for A1-A6, with the difference that the starting material was compound 21.

4-((4-((4-(4-cyano-2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-5,7-dihydrothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)methyl)benzenesulfonamide (D1)

Starting with 21 and 4-(bromomethyl)benzenesulfonamide to afford D1 as a white solid. Yield: 79%, mp: 144-146° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 7.78 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H, C₃,C-Ph′-H), 7.72 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.46 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 7.30 (s, 2H, SO₂NH₂), 6.89 (s, 1H, NH), 4.12 (s, 2H, S—CH₂), 4.08 (s, 2H, S—CH₂), 3.72 (s, 1H), 3.42 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 2.72-2.74 (m, 2H), 2.10 (s, 6H), 1.79-2.04 (m, 4H), 1.41-1.47 (m, 2H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 165.7, 161.7, 160.3, 153.7, 143.0, 135.3, 134.2, 126.0, 123.9, 123.7, 119.2, 109.7, 61.2, 52.8, 48.3, 31.7, 16.2. HRMS: m/z 551.1890 [M+1]*. C₂₇H₃₀N₆O₃S₂(550.1821).

3,5-dimethyl-4-((2-((1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)benzyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-5,7-dihydrothieno[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy)benzonitrile (D2)

Starting with 21 and 4-(bromomethyl)benzenesulfonamide to afford D2 as a white solid. Yield: 71%, mp: 181-183° C.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆, ppm): δ 7.84 (d, 2H, J=8.2 Hz, C₃,C₅-Ph′-H), 7.71 (s, 2H, C₃,C₅-Ph″-H), 7.52 (d, 2H, J=8.2 Hz, C₂,C₆-Ph′-H), 6.88 (s, 1H, NH), 4.12 (s, 2H, S—CH₂), 4.08 (s, 2H, S—CH₂), 3.75-3.78 (m, 1H), 3.57 (s, 2H, N—CH₂), 3.06 (s, 3H, SO₂CH₃), 2.71-2.75 (m, 2H), 2.10 (s, 6H), 1.96-2.09 (m, 4H), 1.39-1.41 (m, 2H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 165.1, 162.3, 159.4, 153.9, 145.2, 139.5, 134.3, 133.0, 126.8, 123.3, 118.9, 109.7, 62.3, 52.6, 48.5, 44.7, 32.0, 16.6. HRMS: m/z 550.1942 [M+1]⁺. C₂₈H₃₁N₅O₃S₂(549.1868).

Example 13. In Vitro Anti-HIV Activity of the Target Compounds

Selected compounds were screened for inhibitory activity against HIV-1 using MTT method as describe previously by Christophe. Pannecouque et al. Nat. Protoc. 3 (2008) 427-434, and Rudi Pauwels et al. J. Virol. Methods 20 (1988) 309-321. And in vitro anti-HIV activity of compounds were supported by Rega Institute for Medical Research. The MTT assay is based on the reduction of the yellow colored 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) by mitochondrial dehydrogenases of metabolically active cells to a blue formazan which can be measured spectrophotometrically. Tested optical density served as an indicator for live cells, and survival rate can be concluded by testing the optical density of 540 nm and 690 nm. MT-4 cells infected with HIV-1 can only survive for 5 to 7 days without any treatment, but when HIV-1 inhibitors were added, they can protect MT-4 cell from cytopathic. Serial solution of compounds was added to MT-4 cells after infected with HIV-1, MTT method was used to detect the survival rate after culture for 5 to 7 days. EC₅₀value was defined as compound concentration required to achieve 50% protection of MT-4 cells against HIV-1-induced cytopathic effect.

Materials

(1) MT-4 cells infected with HIV-1 viral strains (IIIB, Y181C/K103N) were provided by Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.

(2) MTT and formazan: sigma Chemical Co.

(3) Preparation of compounds: Stock solutions (10×final concentration) of test compounds is diluted with double distilled H₂O for 5 folds and 5 concentrations of one compound are prepared.

(4) Reference drugs: Nevirapine (NVP) and Etravirine (ETR).

(5) Test method (MTT method): Serial five-fold dilutions of test compounds were added to cultured MT-4 cells infected with HIV-1, after 5 to 7 days, MTT was added and cultured for a few hours. Medium was removed and lysate was added followed by formazan, OD value was determined in 690 nm and 540 nm by microplate reader, and EC₅₀value was calculated.

Methods

The MTT method was described briefly as follows: stock solutions (10×final concentration) of test compounds were added in 25 μL volumes to two series of triplicate wells in order to allow simultaneous evaluation of the effects on mock- and HIV-infected cells. Using a Biomek 3000 robot (Beckman Instruments, Fullerton, Calif.), serial five-fold dilutions of the test compounds (final 200 μL volume per well) were made directly in flat-bottomed 96-well microtiter trays, including untreated control HIV-1 and mock-infected cell samples for each sample. HIV-1 (IIIB) and mutant HIV-1 strains stock (50 μL at 100-300 CCID₅₀) or culture medium was added to either the infected or mock-infected wells of the microtiter tray. Mock-infected cells were used to evaluate the effect of test compounds on uninfected cells to assess cytotoxicity. Exponentially growing MT-4 cells were centrifuged for 5 min at 1000 rpm and the supernatant was discarded. The MT-4 cells were resuspended at 6×105 cells/mL, and 50 μL aliquots were transferred to the microtiter tray wells. At five days after infection, the viability of mock- and HIV-infected cells was determined spectrophotometrically by means of MTT assay.

The MTT assay is based on the reduction of yellow-colored MTT (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium) by mitochondrial dehydrogenase of metabolically active cells to form a blue-purple formazan that can be measured spectrophotometrically. The absorbances were read in an eight-channel computer-controlled photometer, at the wavelengths of 540 and 690 nm. All data were calculated using the median optical density (OD) value of three wells. The EC₅₀was defined as the concentration of the test compound affording 50% protection from viral cytopathogenicity. The CC₅₀was defined as the compound concentration that reduced the absorbance (OD₅₄₀) of mock-infected cells by 50%. The results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 The activity, cytotoxicity and SI values of the designed compounds EC₅₀(nM) SI Ar IIIB RES056 CC₅₀(μM) IIIB RES056 A1 4-SO₂NH₂—Ph 4.3 ± 0.7 28.8 ± 1.2 19.9 ± 10.1 4584 692 A2 4-CONH₂—Ph 4.8 43.6 ± 5.0 165 ± 36.9 34162 3804 A3 4-SO₂CH₃—Ph 5.9 ± 1.3 46.6 ± 7.8 11.9 ± 5.57 2025 257 A4 Pyridine-4-yl 2.6 ± 1.0 46.0 ± 1.9 ≥106 ≥40104 ≥2305 A5 4-NO₂—Ph 8.0 ± 1.7 495 ± 1.3 6.18 ± 1.74 770 12 A6 3-CONH₂—Ph 27.7 ± 21.5 629 ± 64.5 ≥223 ≥8048 ≥355 B1 4-SO₂NH₂—Ph 2.0 ± 0.2 38.0 ± 7.5 22.9 ± 2.89 11167 604 B2 4-CONH₂—Ph 2.0 41.5 ± 9.9 >250 >125000 >6039 B3 4-SO₂CH₃—Ph 1.8 41.6 ± 4.9 27.0 ± 3.03 14414 648 B4 Pyridine-4-yl 2.8 43.1 ± 1.2 32.5 ± 10.0 11414 753 B5 4-NO₂—Ph 7.4 ± 0.9 511.1 ± 165.1 ≥11.1 ≥1497 ≥22 B6 3-CONH₂—Ph 7.8 ± 3.4 1033 ± 51.1 >250 >31780 >243 C1 4-SO₂NH₂—Ph 1.1 ± 0.5 25.8 ± 1.19 >234 >208333 >9091 C2 4-CONH₂—Ph 6.1 ± 2.7 173 ± 110 >251 >40984 >1448 C3 4-SO₂CH₃—Ph 1.8 ± 0.7 54.7 ± 6.22 >274 >147059 >5020 C4 Pyridine-4-yl 2.0 ± 0.5 26786 205 ± 1.13 124410 9 C5 4-NO₂—Ph 4.9 ± 0.8 187 ± 0.79 7.45 ± 0.930 1495 40 C6 3-CONH₂—Ph 14.5 ± 3.6 941 ± 368 8.73 ± 3.53 599 9 D1 4-SO₂NH₂—Ph 37.2 ± 26.6 734 ± 337.2 26.6 ± 1.96 715 36 D2 4-SO₂Me—Ph 3.8 ± 1.3 170 ± 32 45.3 ± 31.1 11690 266 NVP — 163 ± 41.2 >9513 >9.51 >58 X1 ETR — 5.1 ± 0.8 45.4 ± 15.5 >4.59 >889 >101 ^aEC₅₀: concentration of compound required to achieve 50% protection of MT-4 cell cultures against HIV-1-induced cytopathic, as determined by the MTT method. ^bCC₅₀: concentration required to reduce the viability of mock-infected cell cultures by 50%, as determined by the MTT method. ^cSI: selectivity index, the ratio of CC₅₀/EC₅₀.

Claims

1. A compound of five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidines derivative and its pharmaceutically acceptable, the compound having general formula I shown as following:

wherein

R is CH3, CN or CH═CHCN;

X is C, N, O, or S;

Y is C, N, O, or S;

Z is C, N, O, or S;

and at least two of X, Y and Z are C atoms at the same time;

Ar is one selected from the group consisting of phenyl, pyridyl, SO2NH2, SO2NH2CH3, SO2NH(CH2)3, SO2NH(CH2)2O, SO2CH3, CONH2, halogen, NO2, CN, NH2, CF3, NHCH3, OH, COOH, CH2OH, CO2Me, OCH3, and NHCOCH3 substituted phenyl; the NHCOCH3 substituted phenyl is a single or multiple substitution(s) with orth-, meta- and para-.

2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:

3. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound is prepared by the following steps:

treating 2,4-dichloro-substituted five-membered non-aromatic pyrimidine 1 with substituted phenol or aniline, obtaining an intermediates 2 via nucleophilic substitution reaction; reacting the intermediates 2 with N-Boc-4-aminopiperidine, yielding an intermediate 3 which is deprotected with trifluoroacetic acid to yield an intermediate 4; then, converting the intermediate 4 into the compound by nucleophilic substitution with various substitutes of benzyl chloride or benzyl bromide;

wherein chemical reaction equations are as follows:

wherein (i) comprising substituted phenol or aniline, DMF and K2CO3; (ii) comprising N-Boc-4-aminopiperidine, DMF and K2CO; (iii) comprising TFA and DCM; (iv) comprising substituted benzyl bromine, DMF and K2CO3.

4. A method for treating HIV-1 infection comprising a step of administering a subject infected with the HIV-1 with the compound of claim 1.

5. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 1, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients.