ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH DISTALLY POSITIONED JAW ASSEMBLIES
Various embodiments are directed to surgical instruments comprising an end effector, a shaft and a jaw assembly. The end effector may comprise an ultrasonic blade extending distally substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis. The shaft may extend proximally from the end effector along the longitudinal axis. The jaw assembly may comprise first and second jaw members. The jaw assembly may be pivotable about a first axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis from a first position where the first and second jaw members are substantially parallel to the ultrasonic blade to a second position. Additionally, the first and second jaw members may be pivotable about a second axis substantially perpendicular to the first axis.
This application is a divisional application claiming priority under 35 U.S.C. § 121 to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/773,202, entitled ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH DISTALLY POSITIONED JAW ASSEMBLIES, filed Jan. 27, 2020, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2020/0229833, which is a divisional application claiming priority under 35 U.S.C. § 121 to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/167,193, entitled ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH DISTALLY POSITIONED JAW ASSEMBLIES, filed May 27, 2016, which issued on Jan. 28, 2020 as U.S. Pat. No. 10,543,008, which is a continuation application claiming priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/538,711, entitled ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH DISTALLY POSITIONED JAW ASSEMBLIES, filed Jun. 29, 2012, which issued on May 31, 2016 as U.S. Pat. No. 9,351,754, the entire disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
The subject application is related to the following commonly-owned applications filed on Jun. 29, 2012, the disclosure of each is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety:
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/539,096, entitled HAPTIC FEEDBACK DEVICES FOR SURGICAL ROBOT, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,351,754;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/539,110, entitled LOCKOUT MECHANISM FOR USE WITH ROBOTIC ELECTROSURGICAL DEVICE, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,326,788;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/539,117, entitled CLOSED FEEDBACK CONTROL FOR ELECTROSURGICAL DEVICE, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,226,767;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/538,588, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ARTICULATING SHAFTS, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,393,037;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/538,601, entitled ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH DISTALLY POSITIONED TRANSDUCERS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0005702;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/538,700, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ARTICULATING SHAFTS, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,408,622;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/538,720, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ARTICULATING SHAFTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0005705;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/538,733, entitled ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH CONTROL MECHANISMS, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,820,768; and
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/539,122, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH FLUID MANAGEMENT SYSTEM now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0005668.
BACKGROUNDVarious embodiments are directed to surgical instruments including ultrasonic instruments distally positioned jaw assemblies.
Ultrasonic surgical devices, such as ultrasonic scalpels, are used in many applications in surgical procedures by virtue of their unique performance characteristics. Depending upon specific device configurations and operational parameters, ultrasonic surgical devices can provide substantially simultaneous transection of tissue and homeostasis by coagulation, desirably minimizing patient trauma. An ultrasonic surgical device comprises a proximally-positioned ultrasonic transducer and an instrument coupled to the ultrasonic transducer having a distally-mounted end effector comprising an ultrasonic blade to cut and seal tissue. The end effector is typically coupled either to a handle and/or a robotic surgical implement via a shaft. The blade is acoustically coupled to the transducer via a waveguide extending through the shaft. Ultrasonic surgical devices of this nature can be configured for open surgical use, laparoscopic, or endoscopic surgical procedures including robotic-assisted procedures.
Ultrasonic energy cuts and coagulates tissue using temperatures lower than those used in electrosurgical procedures. Vibrating at high frequencies (e.g., 55,500 times per second), the ultrasonic blade denatures protein in the tissue to form a sticky coagulum. Pressure exerted on tissue by the blade surface collapses blood vessels and allows the coagulum to form a hemostatic seal. A surgeon can control the cutting speed and coagulation by the force applied to the tissue by the end effector, the time over which the force is applied and the selected excursion level of the end effector.
It is often desirable for clinicians to articulate a distal portion of the instrument shaft in order to direct the application of ultrasonic and/or RF energy. Such articulation is challenging and often limited in embodiments where an ultrasonic waveguide extends from a proximally-positioned transducer to the distally-positioned ultrasonic blade.
The features of the various embodiments are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The various embodiments, however, both as to organization and methods of operation, together with advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows:
Various embodiments described herein are directed to surgical instruments comprising distally positioned, articulatable jaw assemblies. The jaw assemblies may be utilized in lieu of or in addition to shaft articulation. For example, the jaw assemblies may be utilized to grasp tissue and move it towards an ultrasonic blade, RF electrodes or other component for treating tissue.
According to one example embodiments, a surgical instrument may comprise an end effector with an ultrasonic blade extending distally therefrom. The jaw assembly may be articulatable and may pivot about at least two axes. A first axis, or wrist pivot axis, may be substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the instrument shaft. The jaw assembly may pivot about the wrist pivot axis from a first position where the jaw assembly is substantially parallel to the ultrasonic blade to a second position where the jaw assembly is not substantially parallel to the ultrasonic blade. In addition, the jaw assembly may comprise first and second jaw members that are pivotable about a second axis or jaw pivot axis. The jaw pivot axis may be substantially perpendicular to the wrist pivot axis. In some embodiments, the jaw pivot axis itself may pivot as the jaw assembly pivots about the wrist pivot axis. The first and second jaw members may be pivotably relative to one another about the jaw pivot axis such that the first and second jaw members may “open” and “close.” Additionally, in some embodiments, the first and second jaw members are also pivotable about the jaw pivot axis together such that the direction of the first and second jaw members may change.
In various embodiments, the jaw assembly is controlled by a series of lines and/or cables that extend proximally from the jaw assembly to a manual handle and/or instrument mounting portion of a robotic surgical system. First and second lines may control pivoting of the jaw assembly about the wrist pivot axis. A first line may be coupled to the jaw assembly at a position offset from the wrist pivot axis. A second line may be coupled to the jaw assembly at a second position offset from the wrist pivot axis and substantially opposite the first position. Differential translation of the first and second lines may cause pivoting of the jaw assembly about the wrist pivot axis. For example, proximal translation of one of the lines may cause the jaw assembly to pivot away from the longitudinal axis of the shaft towards the proximally translated line. In some embodiments, the jaw assembly may comprise a pulley positioned about the wrist pivot axis. The first and second lines may be first and second ends of a single line wrapped around the pulley.
The first and second jaw members may be similarly controlled. For example, in some embodiments, each jaw member is coupled to two control lines that extend proximally from the jaw assembly through the shaft to the manual handle and/or instrument mounting portion of the robotic surgical system. The control lines for each jaw member may be offset from one another about the jaw pivot axis such that proximal translation of one control line pivots the jaw about the jaw pivot axis in a first direction and proximal translation of the other control line pivots the jaw about the jaw pivot axis in a second direction opposite the first. In some embodiments the first and second jaw members comprise pulleys positioned about the jaw pivot axis and the first and second control lines for each jaw member are ends of a single control line wrapped around the respective pulleys. In some embodiments, the jaw members are separately controllable. For example, the jaw members may open and close about the jaw pivot axis and may additional pivot together about the jaw pivot axis.
Reference will now be made in detail to several embodiments, including embodiments showing example implementations of manual and robotic surgical instruments with end effectors comprising ultrasonic and/or electrosurgical elements. Wherever practicable similar or like reference numbers may be used in the figures and may indicate similar or like functionality. The figures depict example embodiments of the disclosed surgical instruments and/or methods of use for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that alternative example embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles described herein.
In various embodiments, the generator 20 comprises several functional elements, such as modules and/or blocks. Different functional elements or modules may be configured for driving different kinds of surgical devices. For example, an ultrasonic generator module 21 may drive an ultrasonic device, such as the ultrasonic surgical instrument 10. In some example embodiments, the generator 20 also comprises an electrosurgery/RF generator module 23 for driving an electrosurgical device (or an electrosurgical embodiment of the ultrasonic surgical instrument 10). In the example embodiment illustrated in
In one embodiment, the electrosurgical/RF generator module 23 may be implemented as an electrosurgery unit (ESU) capable of supplying power sufficient to perform bipolar electrosurgery using radio frequency (RF) energy. In one embodiment, the ESU can be a bipolar ERBE ICC 350 sold by ERBE USA, Inc. of Marietta, Ga. In bipolar electrosurgery applications, as previously discussed, a surgical instrument having an active electrode and a return electrode can be utilized, wherein the active electrode and the return electrode can be positioned against, or adjacent to, the tissue to be treated such that current can flow from the active electrode to the return electrode through the tissue. Accordingly, the electrosurgical/RF module 23 generator may be configured for therapeutic purposes by applying electrical energy to the tissue T sufficient for treating the tissue (e.g., cauterization). For example, in some embodiments, the active and/or return electrode may be positioned on the jaw assembly described herein.
In one embodiment, the electrosurgical/RF generator module 23 may be configured to deliver a subtherapeutic RF signal to implement a tissue impedance measurement module. In one embodiment, the electrosurgical/RF generator module 23 comprises a bipolar radio frequency generator as described in more detail below. In one embodiment, the electrosurgical/RF generator module 23 may be configured to monitor electrical impedance Z, of tissue T and to control the characteristics of time and power level based on the tissue T by way of a return electrode provided on a clamp member of the end effector assembly 26. Accordingly, the electrosurgical/RF generator module 23 may be configured for subtherapeutic purposes for measuring the impedance or other electrical characteristics of the tissue T. Techniques and circuit configurations for measuring the impedance or other electrical characteristics of tissue T are discussed in more detail in commonly assigned U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0015631, entitled ELECTROSURGICAL GENERATOR FOR ULTRASONIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENT, the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
A suitable ultrasonic generator module 21 may be configured to functionally operate in a manner similar to the GEN300 sold by Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. of Cincinnati, Ohio as is disclosed in one or more of the following U.S. patents, all of which are incorporated by reference herein: U.S. Pat. No. 6,480,796 (METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE START UP OF AN ULTRASONIC SYSTEM UNDER ZERO LOAD CONDITIONS); U.S. Pat. No. 6,537,291 (METHOD FOR DETECTING BLADE BREAKAGE USING RATE AND/OR IMPEDANCE INFORMATION); U.S. Pat. No. 6,662,127 (METHOD FOR DETECTING PRESENCE OF A BLADE IN AN ULTRASONIC SYSTEM); U.S. Pat. No. 6,977,495 (DETECTION CIRCUITRY FOR SURGICAL HANDPIECE SYSTEM); U.S. Pat. No. 7,077,853 (METHOD FOR CALCULATING TRANSDUCER CAPACITANCE TO DETERMINE TRANSDUCER TEMPERATURE); U.S. Pat. No. 7,179,271 (METHOD FOR DRIVING AN ULTRASONIC SYSTEM TO IMPROVE ACQUISITION OF BLADE RESONANCE FREQUENCY AT STARTUP); and U.S. Pat. No. 7,273,483 (APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ALERTING GENERATOR FUNCTION IN AN ULTRASONIC SURGICAL SYSTEM).
It will be appreciated that in various embodiments, the generator 20 may be configured to operate in several modes. In one mode, the generator 20 may be configured such that the ultrasonic generator module 21 and the electrosurgical/RF generator module 23 may be operated independently.
For example, the ultrasonic generator module 21 may be activated to apply ultrasonic energy to the end effector assembly 26 and subsequently, either therapeutic or sub-therapeutic RF energy may be applied to the end effector assembly 26 by the electrosurgical/RF generator module 23. As previously discussed, the sub-therapeutic electrosurgical/RF energy may be applied to tissue clamped between claim elements of the end effector assembly 26 to measure tissue impedance to control the activation, or modify the activation, of the ultrasonic generator module 21. Tissue impedance feedback from the application of the sub-therapeutic energy also may be employed to activate a therapeutic level of the electrosurgical/RF generator module 23 to seal the tissue (e.g., vessel) clamped between claim elements of the end effector assembly 26.
In another embodiment, the ultrasonic generator module 21 and the electrosurgical/RF generator module 23 may be activated simultaneously. In one example, the ultrasonic generator module 21 is simultaneously activated with a sub-therapeutic RF energy level to measure tissue impedance simultaneously while the ultrasonic blade of the end effector assembly 26 cuts and coagulates the tissue (or vessel) clamped between the clamp elements of the end effector assembly 26. Such feedback may be employed, for example, to modify the drive output of the ultrasonic generator module 21. In another example, the ultrasonic generator module 21 may be driven simultaneously with electrosurgical/RF generator module 23 such that the ultrasonic blade portion of the end effector assembly 26 is employed for cutting the damaged tissue while the electrosurgical/RF energy is applied to electrode portions of the end effector clamp assembly 26 for sealing the tissue (or vessel).
When the generator 20 is activated via the triggering mechanism, electrical energy is continuously applied by the generator 20 to a transducer stack or assembly of the acoustic assembly. In another embodiment, electrical energy is intermittently applied (e.g., pulsed) by the generator 20. A phase-locked loop in the control system of the generator 20 may monitor feedback from the acoustic assembly. The phase lock loop adjusts the frequency of the electrical energy sent by the generator 20 to match the resonant frequency of the selected longitudinal mode of vibration of the acoustic assembly. In addition, a second feedback loop in the control system 25 maintains the electrical current supplied to the acoustic assembly at a pre-selected constant level in order to achieve substantially constant excursion at the end effector 18 of the acoustic assembly. In yet another embodiment, a third feedback loop in the control system 25 monitors impedance between electrodes located in the end effector assembly 26. Although
In ultrasonic operation mode, the electrical signal supplied to the acoustic assembly may cause the distal end of the end effector 18, to vibrate longitudinally in the range of, for example, approximately 20 kHz to 250 kHz. According to various embodiments, the blade 22 may vibrate in the range of about 54 kHz to 56 kHz, for example, at about 55.5 kHz. In other embodiments, the blade 22 may vibrate at other frequencies including, for example, about 31 kHz or about 80 kHz. The excursion of the vibrations at the blade can be controlled by, for example, controlling the amplitude of the electrical signal applied to the transducer assembly of the acoustic assembly by the generator 20. As noted above, the triggering mechanism of the generator 20 allows a user to activate the generator 20 so that electrical energy may be continuously or intermittently supplied to the acoustic assembly. The generator 20 also has a power line for insertion in an electro-surgical unit or conventional electrical outlet. It is contemplated that the generator 20 can also be powered by a direct current (DC) source, such as a battery. The generator 20 can comprise any suitable generator, such as Model No. GEN04, and/or Model No. GEN11 available from Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc.
In the illustrated embodiment, the trigger assembly 24 comprises a trigger 32 that operates in conjunction with a fixed handle 34. The fixed handle 34 and the trigger 32 are ergonomically formed and adapted to interface comfortably with the user. The fixed handle 34 is integrally associated with the handle assembly 12. The trigger 32 is pivotally movable relative to the fixed handle 34 as explained in more detail below with respect to the operation of the ultrasonic surgical instrument 10. The trigger 32 is pivotally movable in direction 33A toward the fixed handle 34 when the user applies a squeezing force against the trigger 32. A spring element 98 (
In one example embodiment, the trigger 32 comprises an elongated trigger hook 36, which defines an aperture 38 between the elongated trigger hook 36 and the trigger 32. The aperture 38 is suitably sized to receive one or multiple fingers of the user therethrough. The trigger 32 also may comprise a resilient portion 32a molded over the trigger 32 substrate. The resilient portion 32a is formed to provide a more comfortable contact surface for control of the trigger 32 in outward direction 33B. In one example embodiment, the resilient portion 32a may also be provided over a portion of the elongated trigger hook 36 as shown, for example, in
In one example embodiment, the fixed handle 34 comprises a proximal contact surface 40 and a grip anchor or saddle surface 42. The saddle surface 42 rests on the web where the thumb and the index finger are joined on the hand. The proximal contact surface 40 has a pistol grip contour that receives the palm of the hand in a normal pistol grip with no rings or apertures. The profile curve of the proximal contact surface 40 may be contoured to accommodate or receive the palm of the hand. A stabilization tail 44 is located towards a more proximal portion of the handle assembly 12. The stabilization tail 44 may be in contact with the uppermost web portion of the hand located between the thumb and the index finger to stabilize the handle assembly 12 and make the handle assembly 12 more controllable.
In one example embodiment, the switch assembly 28 may comprise a toggle switch 30. The toggle switch 30 may be implemented as a single component with a central pivot 304 located within inside the handle assembly 12 to eliminate the possibility of simultaneous activation. In one example embodiment, the toggle switch 30 comprises a first projecting knob 30a and a second projecting knob 30b to set the power setting of the ultrasonic transducer 16 between a minimum power level (e.g., MIN) and a maximum power level (e.g., MAX). In another embodiment, the rocker switch may pivot between a standard setting and a special setting. The special setting may allow one or more special programs to be implemented by the device. The toggle switch 30 rotates about the central pivot as the first projecting knob 30a and the second projecting knob 30b are actuated. The one or more projecting knobs 30a, 30b are coupled to one or more arms that move through a small arc and cause electrical contacts to close or open an electric circuit to electrically energize or de-energize the ultrasonic transducer 16 in accordance with the activation of the first or second projecting knobs 30a, 30b. The toggle switch 30 is coupled to the generator 20 to control the activation of the ultrasonic transducer 16. The toggle switch 30 comprises one or more electrical power setting switches to activate the ultrasonic transducer 16 to set one or more power settings for the ultrasonic transducer 16. The forces required to activate the toggle switch 30 are directed substantially toward the saddle point 42, thus avoiding any tendency of the instrument to rotate in the hand when the toggle switch 30 is activated.
In one example embodiment, the first and second projecting knobs 30a, 30b are located on the distal end of the handle assembly 12 such that they can be easily accessible by the user to activate the power with minimal, or substantially no, repositioning of the hand grip, making it suitable to maintain control and keep attention focused on the surgical site (e.g., a monitor in a laparoscopic procedure) while activating the toggle switch 30. The projecting knobs 30a, 30b may be configured to wrap around the side of the handle assembly 12 to some extent to be more easily accessible by variable finger lengths and to allow greater freedom of access to activation in awkward positions or for shorter fingers.
In the illustrated embodiment, the first projecting knob 30a comprises a plurality of tactile elements 30c, e.g., textured projections or “bumps” in the illustrated embodiment, to allow the user to differentiate the first projecting knob 30a from the second projecting knob 30b. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that several ergonomic features may be incorporated into the handle assembly 12. Such ergonomic features are described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0105750, entitled ERGONOMIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,623,027 which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
In one example embodiment, the toggle switch 30 may be operated by the hand of the user. The user may easily access the first and second projecting knobs 30a, 30b at any point while also avoiding inadvertent or unintentional activation at any time. The toggle switch 30 may readily operated with a finger to control the power to the ultrasonic assembly 16 and/or to the ultrasonic assembly 16. For example, the index finger may be employed to activate the first contact portion 30a to turn on the ultrasonic assembly 16 to a maximum (MAX) power level. The index finger may be employed to activate the second contact portion 30b to turn on the ultrasonic assembly 16 to a minimum (MIN) power level. In another embodiment, the rocker switch may pivot the instrument 10 between a standard setting and a special setting. The special setting may allow one or more special programs to be implemented by the instrument 10. The toggle switch 30 may be operated without the user having to look at the first or second projecting knob 30a, 30b. For example, the first projecting knob 30a or the second projecting knob 30b may comprise a texture or projections to tactilely differentiate between the first and second projecting knobs 30a, 30b without looking.
In one example embodiment, the distal rotation assembly 13 is rotatable without limitation in either direction about a longitudinal axis “T.” The distal rotation assembly 13 is mechanically engaged to the elongated shaft assembly 14. The distal rotation assembly 13 is located on a distal end of the handle assembly 12. The distal rotation assembly 13 comprises a cylindrical hub 46 and a rotation knob 48 formed over the hub 46. The hub 46 mechanically engages the elongated shaft assembly 14. The rotation knob 48 may comprise fluted polymeric features and may be engaged by a finger (e.g., an index finger) to rotate the elongated shaft assembly 14. The hub 46 may comprise a material molded over the primary structure to form the rotation knob 48. The rotation knob 48 may be overmolded over the hub 46. The hub 46 comprises an end cap portion 46a that is exposed at the distal end. The end cap portion 46a of the hub 46 may contact the surface of a trocar during laparoscopic procedures. The hub 46 may be formed of a hard durable plastic such as polycarbonate to alleviate any friction that may occur between the end cap portion 46a and the trocar. The rotation knob 48 may comprise “scallops” or flutes formed of raised ribs 48a and concave portions 48b located between the ribs 48a to provide a more precise rotational grip. In one example embodiment, the rotation knob 48 may comprise a plurality of flutes (e.g., three or more flutes). In other embodiments, any suitable number of flutes may be employed. The rotation knob 48 may be formed of a softer polymeric material overmolded onto the hard plastic material. For example, the rotation knob 48 may be formed of pliable, resilient, flexible polymeric materials including Versaflex® TPE alloys made by GLS Corporation, for example. This softer overmolded material may provide a greater grip and more precise control of the movement of the rotation knob 48. It will be appreciated that any materials that provide adequate resistance to sterilization, are biocompatible, and provide adequate frictional resistance to surgical gloves may be employed to form the rotation knob 48.
In one example embodiment, the handle assembly 12 is formed from two (2) housing portions or shrouds comprising a first portion 12a and a second portion 12b. From the perspective of a user viewing the handle assembly 12 from the distal end towards the proximal end, the first portion 12a is considered the right portion and the second portion 12b is considered the left portion. Each of the first and second portions 12a, 12b includes a plurality of interfaces 69 (
In one example embodiment, the elongated shaft assembly 14 comprises a proximal end 50 adapted to mechanically engage the handle assembly 12 and the distal rotation assembly 13; and a distal end 52 adapted to mechanically engage the end effector assembly 26. The elongated shaft assembly 14 comprises an outer tubular sheath 56 and a reciprocating tubular actuating member 58 located within the outer tubular sheath 56. The proximal end of the tubular reciprocating tubular actuating member 58 is mechanically engaged to the trigger 32 of the handle assembly 12 to move in either direction 60A or 60B in response to the actuation and/or release of the trigger 32. The pivotably moveable trigger 32 may generate reciprocating motion along the longitudinal axis “T.” Such motion may be used, for example, to actuate the jaws or clamping mechanism of the end effector assembly 26. A series of linkages translate the pivotal rotation of the trigger 32 to axial movement of a yoke coupled to an actuation mechanism, which controls the opening and closing of the jaws of the clamping mechanism of the end effector assembly 26. The distal end of the tubular reciprocating tubular actuating member 58 is mechanically engaged to the end effector assembly 26. In the illustrated embodiment, the distal end of the tubular reciprocating tubular actuating member 58 is mechanically engaged to a clamp arm assembly 64, which is pivotable about a pivot point 70, to open and close the clamp arm assembly 64 in response to the actuation and/or release of the trigger 32. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the clamp arm assembly 64 is movable in direction 62A from an open position to a closed position about a pivot point 70 when the trigger 32 is squeezed in direction 33A. The clamp arm assembly 64 is movable in direction 62B from a closed position to an open position about the pivot point 70 when the trigger 32 is released or outwardly contacted in direction 33B.
In one example embodiment, the end effector assembly 26 is attached at the distal end 52 of the elongated shaft assembly 14 and includes a clamp arm assembly 64 and a blade 66. The jaws of the clamping mechanism of the end effector assembly 26 are formed by clamp arm assembly 64 and the blade 66. The blade 66 is ultrasonically actuatable and is acoustically coupled to the ultrasonic transducer 16. The trigger 32 on the handle assembly 12 is ultimately connected to a drive assembly, which together, mechanically cooperate to effect movement of the clamp arm assembly 64. Squeezing the trigger 32 in direction 33A moves the clamp arm assembly 64 in direction 62A from an open position, wherein the clamp arm assembly 64 and the blade 66 are disposed in a spaced relation relative to one another, to a clamped or closed position, wherein the clamp arm assembly 64 and the blade 66 cooperate to grasp tissue therebetween. The clamp arm assembly 64 may comprise a clamp pad (not shown) to engage tissue between the blade 66 and the clamp arm 64. Releasing the trigger 32 in direction 33B moves the clamp arm assembly 64 in direction 62B from a closed relationship, to an open position, wherein the clamp arm assembly 64 and the blade 66 are disposed in a spaced relation relative to one another.
The proximal portion of the handle assembly 12 comprises a proximal opening 68 to receive the distal end of the ultrasonic assembly 16. The ultrasonic assembly 16 is inserted in the proximal opening 68 and is mechanically engaged to the elongated shaft assembly 14.
In one example embodiment, the elongated trigger hook 36 portion of the trigger 32 provides a longer trigger lever with a shorter span and rotation travel. The longer lever of the elongated trigger hook 36 allows the user to employ multiple fingers within the aperture 38 to operate the elongated trigger hook 36 and cause the trigger 32 to pivot in direction 33B to open the jaws of the end effector assembly 26. For example, the user may insert three fingers (e.g., the middle, ring, and little fingers) in the aperture 38. Multiple fingers allows the surgeon to exert higher input forces on the trigger 32 and the elongated trigger hook 326 to activate the end effector assembly 26. The shorter span and rotation travel creates a more comfortable grip when closing or squeezing the trigger 32 in direction 33A or when opening the trigger 32 in the outward opening motion in direction 33B lessening the need to extend the fingers further outward. This substantially lessens hand fatigue and strain associated with the outward opening motion of the trigger 32 in direction 33B. The outward opening motion of the trigger may be spring-assisted by spring element 98 (
For example, during a surgical procedure the index finger may be used to control the rotation of the elongated shaft assembly 14 to locate the jaws of the end effector assembly 26 in a suitable orientation. The middle and/or the other lower fingers may be used to squeeze the trigger 32 and grasp tissue within the jaws. Once the jaws are located in the desired position and the jaws are clamped against the tissue, the index finger can be used to activate the toggle switch 30 to adjust the power level of the ultrasonic transducer 16 to treat the tissue. Once the tissue has been treated, the user may release the trigger 32 by pushing outwardly in the distal direction against the elongated trigger hook 36 with the middle and/or lower fingers to open the jaws of the end effector assembly 26. This basic procedure may be performed without the user having to adjust their grip of the handle assembly 12.
As previously discussed, the clamp arm assembly 64 may comprise electrodes electrically coupled to the electrosurgical/RF generator module 23 to receive therapeutic and/or sub-therapeutic energy, where the electrosurgical/RF energy may be applied to the electrodes either simultaneously or non simultaneously with the ultrasonic energy being applied to the blade 66. Such energy activations may be applied in any suitable combinations to achieve a desired tissue effect in cooperation with an algorithm or other control logic.
In one example embodiment, an ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 is disposed inside the reciprocating tubular actuating member 58. The distal end 52 of the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 is acoustically coupled (e.g., directly or indirectly mechanically coupled) to the blade 66 and the proximal end 50 of the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 is received within the handle assembly 12. The proximal end 50 of the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 is adapted to acoustically couple to the distal end of the ultrasonic transducer 16 as discussed in more detail below. The ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 is isolated from the other elements of the elongated shaft assembly 14 by a protective sheath 80 and a plurality of isolation elements 82, such as silicone rings. The outer tubular sheath 56, the reciprocating tubular actuating member 58, and the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 are mechanically engaged by a pin 74. The switch assembly 28 comprises the toggle switch 30 and electrical elements 86a,b to electrically energize the ultrasonic transducer 16 in accordance with the activation of the first or second projecting knobs 30a, 30b.
In one example embodiment, the outer tubular sheath 56 isolates the user or the patient from the ultrasonic vibrations of the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78. The outer tubular sheath 56 generally includes a hub 76. The outer tubular sheath 56 is threaded onto the distal end of the handle assembly 12. The ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 extends through the opening of the outer tubular sheath 56 and the isolation elements 82 isolate the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 from the outer tubular sheath 56. The outer tubular sheath 56 may be attached to the waveguide 78 with the pin 74. The hole to receive the pin 74 in the waveguide 78 may occur nominally at a displacement node. The waveguide 78 may screw or snap into the hand piece handle assembly 12 by a stud. Flat portions on the hub 76 may allow the assembly to be torqued to a required level. In one example embodiment, the hub 76 portion of the outer tubular sheath 56 is preferably constructed from plastic and the tubular elongated portion of the outer tubular sheath 56 is fabricated from stainless steel. Alternatively, the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 may comprise polymeric material surrounding it to isolate it from outside contact.
In one example embodiment, the distal end of the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 may be coupled to the proximal end of the blade 66 by an internal threaded connection, preferably at or near an antinode. It is contemplated that the blade 66 may be attached to the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 by any suitable means, such as a welded joint or the like. Although the blade 66 may be detachable from the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78, it is also contemplated that the single element end effector (e.g., the blade 66) and the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 may be formed as a single unitary piece.
In one example embodiment, the trigger 32 is coupled to a linkage mechanism to translate the rotational motion of the trigger 32 in directions 33A and 33B to the linear motion of the reciprocating tubular actuating member 58 in corresponding directions 60A and 60B. The trigger 32 comprises a first set of flanges 97 with openings formed therein to receive a first yoke pin 94a. The first yoke pin 94a is also located through a set of openings formed at the distal end of the yoke 84. The trigger 32 also comprises a second set of flanges 96 to receive a first end 92a of a link 92. A trigger pin 90 is received in openings formed in the link 92 and the second set of flanges 96. The trigger pin 90 is received in the openings formed in the link 92 and the second set of flanges 96 and is adapted to couple to the first and second portions 12a, 12b of the handle assembly 12 to form a trigger pivot point for the trigger 32. A second end 92b of the link 92 is received in a slot 93 formed in a proximal end of the yoke 84 and is retained therein by a second yoke pin 94b. As the trigger 32 is pivotally rotated about the pivot point 190 formed by the trigger pin 90, the yoke translates horizontally along longitudinal axis “T” in a direction indicated by arrows 60A,B.
In one example embodiment, the distal end of the end-bell 102 is connected to the proximal end of the transduction portion 100, and the proximal end of the fore-bell 104 is connected to the distal end of the transduction portion 100. The fore-bell 104 and the end-bell 102 have a length determined by a number of variables, including the thickness of the transduction portion 100, the density and modulus of elasticity of the material used to manufacture the end-bell 102 and the fore-bell 22, and the resonant frequency of the ultrasonic transducer 16. The fore-bell 104 may be tapered inwardly from its proximal end to its distal end to amplify the ultrasonic vibration amplitude as the velocity transformer 118, or alternately may have no amplification. A suitable vibrational frequency range may be about 20 Hz to 32 kHz and a well-suited vibrational frequency range may be about 30-10 kHz. A suitable operational vibrational frequency may be approximately 55.5 kHz, for example.
In one example embodiment, the piezoelectric elements 112 may be fabricated from any suitable material, such as, for example, lead zirconate-titanate, lead meta-niobate, lead titanate, barium titanate, or other piezoelectric ceramic material. Each of positive electrodes 114, negative electrodes 116, and the piezoelectric elements 112 has a bore extending through the center. The positive and negative electrodes 114 and 116 are electrically coupled to wires 120 and 122, respectively. The wires 120 and 122 are encased within the cable 22 and electrically connectable to the ultrasonic signal generator 20.
The ultrasonic transducer 16 of the acoustic assembly 106 converts the electrical signal from the ultrasonic signal generator 20 into mechanical energy that results in primarily a standing acoustic wave of longitudinal vibratory motion of the ultrasonic transducer 16 and the blade 66 portion of the end effector assembly 26 at ultrasonic frequencies. In another embodiment, the vibratory motion of the ultrasonic transducer may act in a different direction. For example, the vibratory motion may comprise a local longitudinal component of a more complicated motion of the tip of the elongated shaft assembly 14. A suitable generator is available as model number GEN11, from Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio. When the acoustic assembly 106 is energized, a vibratory motion standing wave is generated through the acoustic assembly 106. The ultrasonic surgical instrument 10 is designed to operate at a resonance such that an acoustic standing wave pattern of predetermined amplitude is produced. The amplitude of the vibratory motion at any point along the acoustic assembly 106 depends upon the location along the acoustic assembly 106 at which the vibratory motion is measured. A minimum or zero crossing in the vibratory motion standing wave is generally referred to as a node (i.e., where motion is minimal), and a local absolute value maximum or peak in the standing wave is generally referred to as an anti-node (e.g., where local motion is maximal). The distance between an anti-node and its nearest node is one-quarter wavelength (λ/4).
The wires 120 and 122 transmit an electrical signal from the ultrasonic signal generator 20 to the positive electrodes 114 and the negative electrodes 116. The piezoelectric elements 112 are energized by the electrical signal supplied from the ultrasonic signal generator 20 in response to an actuator 224, such as a foot switch, for example, to produce an acoustic standing wave in the acoustic assembly 106. The electrical signal causes disturbances in the piezoelectric elements 112 in the form of repeated small displacements resulting in large alternating compression and tension forces within the material. The repeated small displacements cause the piezoelectric elements 112 to expand and contract in a continuous manner along the axis of the voltage gradient, producing longitudinal waves of ultrasonic energy. The ultrasonic energy is transmitted through the acoustic assembly 106 to the blade 66 portion of the end effector assembly 26 via a transmission component or an ultrasonic transmission waveguide portion 78 of the elongated shaft assembly 14.
In one example embodiment, in order for the acoustic assembly 106 to deliver energy to the blade 66 portion of the end effector assembly 26, all components of the acoustic assembly 106 must be acoustically coupled to the blade 66. The distal end of the ultrasonic transducer 16 may be acoustically coupled at the surface 110 to the proximal end of the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 by a threaded connection such as a stud 124.
In one example embodiment, the components of the acoustic assembly 106 are preferably acoustically tuned such that the length of any assembly is an integral number of one-half wavelengths (nλ/2), where the wavelength λ is the wavelength of a pre-selected or operating longitudinal vibration drive frequency fa of the acoustic assembly 106. It is also contemplated that the acoustic assembly 106 may incorporate any suitable arrangement of acoustic elements.
In one example embodiment, the blade 66 may have a length substantially equal to an integral multiple of one-half system wavelengths (nλ/2). A distal end of the blade 66 may be disposed near an antinode in order to provide the maximum longitudinal excursion of the distal end. When the transducer assembly is energized, the distal end of the blade 66 may be configured to move in the range of, for example, approximately 10 to 500 microns peak-to-peak, and preferably in the range of about 30 to 64 microns at a predetermined vibrational frequency of 55 kHz, for example.
In one example embodiment, the blade 66 may be coupled to the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78. The blade 66 and the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 as illustrated are formed as a single unit construction from a material suitable for transmission of ultrasonic energy. Examples of such materials include Ti6Al4V (an alloy of Titanium including Aluminum and Vanadium), Aluminum, Stainless Steel, or other suitable materials. Alternately, the blade 66 may be separable (and of differing composition) from the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78, and coupled by, for example, a stud, weld, glue, quick connect, or other suitable known methods. The length of the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 may be substantially equal to an integral number of one-half wavelengths (nλ/2), for example. The ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 may be preferably fabricated from a solid core shaft constructed out of material suitable to propagate ultrasonic energy efficiently, such as the titanium alloy discussed above (i.e., Ti6Al4V) or any suitable aluminum alloy, or other alloys, for example.
In one example embodiment, the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 comprises a longitudinally projecting attachment post at a proximal end to couple to the surface 110 of the ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 by a threaded connection such as the stud 124. The ultrasonic transmission waveguide 78 may include a plurality of stabilizing silicone rings or compliant supports 82 (
The distal end of the cylindrical hub 135 comprises a circumferential lip 132 and a circumferential bearing surface 140. The circumferential lip engages a groove formed in the housing 12 and the circumferential bearing surface 140 engages the housing 12. Thus, the cylindrical hub 135 is mechanically retained within the two housing portions (not shown) of the housing 12. The circumferential lip 132 of the cylindrical hub 135 is located or “trapped” between the first and second housing portions 12a, 12b and is free to rotate in place within the groove. The circumferential bearing surface 140 bears against interior portions of the housing to assist proper rotation. Thus, the cylindrical hub 135 is free to rotate in place within the housing. The user engages the flutes 136 formed on the proximal rotation knob 134 with either the finger or the thumb to rotate the cylindrical hub 135 within the housing 12.
In one example embodiment, the cylindrical hub 135 may be formed of a durable plastic such as polycarbonate. In one example embodiment, the cylindrical hub 135 may be formed of a siliconized polycarbonate material. In one example embodiment, the proximal rotation knob 134 may be formed of pliable, resilient, flexible polymeric materials including Versaflex® TPE alloys made by GLS Corporation, for example. The proximal rotation knob 134 may be formed of elastomeric materials, thermoplastic rubber known as Santoprene®, other thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs), or elastomers, for example. The embodiments, however, are not limited in this context.
Over the years, a variety of minimally invasive robotic (or “telesurgical”) systems have been developed to increase surgical dexterity as well as to permit a surgeon to operate on a patient in an intuitive manner. Robotic surgical systems can be used with many different types of surgical instruments including, for example, ultrasonic instruments, as described herein. Example robotic systems include those manufactured by Intuitive Surgical, Inc., of Sunnyvale, Calif., U.S.A. Such systems, as well as robotic systems from other manufacturers, are disclosed in the following U.S. patents which are each herein incorporated by reference in their respective entirety: U.S. Pat. No. 5,792,135, entitled ARTICULATED SURGICAL INSTRUMENT FOR PERFORMING MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY WITH ENHANCED DEXTERITY AND SENSITIVITY, U.S. Pat. No. 6,231,565, entitled ROBOTIC ARM DLUS FOR PERFORMING SURGICAL TASKS, U.S. Pat. No. 6,783,524, entitled ROBOTIC SURGICAL TOOL WITH ULTRASOUND CAUTERIZING AND CUTTING INSTRUMENT, U.S. Pat. No. 6,364,888, entitled ALIGNMENT OF MASTER AND SLAVE IN A MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGICAL APPARATUS, U.S. Pat. No. 7,524,320, entitled MECHANICAL ACTUATOR INTERFACE SYSTEM FOR ROBOTIC SURGICAL TOOLS, U.S. Pat. No. 7,691,098, entitled PLATFORM LINK WRIST MECHANISM, U.S. Pat. No. 7,806,891, entitled REPOSITIONING AND REORIENTATION OF MASTER/SLAVE RELATIONSHIP IN MINIMALLY INVASIVE TELESURGERY, and U.S. Pat. No. 7,824,401, entitled SURGICAL TOOL WITH WRISTED MONOPOLAR ELECTROSURGICAL END EFFECTORS. Many of such systems, however, have in the past been unable to generate the magnitude of forces required to effectively cut and fasten tissue.
Interface 560 also includes an adaptor portion 568 that is configured to mountingly engage the mounting plate 562 as will be further discussed below. The adaptor portion 568 may include an array of electrical connecting pins 570, which may be coupled to a memory structure by a circuit board within the instrument mounting portion 558. While interface 560 is described herein with reference to mechanical, electrical, and magnetic coupling elements, it should be understood that a wide variety of telemetry modalities might be used, including infrared, inductive coupling, or the like.
Openings 590 on the instrument side 572 and openings 590 on the holder side 574 of rotatable bodies 576 are configured to accurately align the driven elements 564 (
Various embodiments may further include an array of electrical connector pins 570 located on holder side 574 of adaptor 568, and the instrument side 572 of the adaptor 568 may include slots 594 (
A detachable latch arrangement 598 may be employed to releasably affix the adaptor 568 to the instrument holder 588. As used herein, the term “instrument drive assembly” when used in the context of the robotic system, at least encompasses various embodiments of the adapter 568 and instrument holder 588 and which has been generally designated as 546 in
As described the driven elements 564 may be aligned with the drive elements 592 of the instrument holder 588 such that rotational motion of the drive elements 592 causes corresponding rotational motion of the driven elements 564. The rotation of the drive elements 592 and driven elements 564 may be electronically controlled, for example, via the robotic arm 512, in response to instructions received from the clinician 502 via a controller 508. The instrument mounting portion 558 may translate rotation of the driven elements 564 into motion of the surgical instrument 522, 523.
In one example embodiment, the instrument mounting portion 558 comprises a mechanism for translating rotation of the various driven elements 564 into rotation of the shaft 538, differential translation of members along the axis of the shaft (e.g., for articulation), and reciprocating translation of one or more members along the axis of the shaft 538 (e.g., for extending and retracting tissue cutting elements such as 555, overtubes and/or other components). In one example embodiment, the rotatable bodies 612 (e.g., rotatable spools) are coupled to the driven elements 564. The rotatable bodies 612 may be formed integrally with the driven elements 564. In some embodiments, the rotatable bodies 612 may be formed separately from the driven elements 564 provided that the rotatable bodies 612 and the driven elements 564 are fixedly coupled such that driving the driven elements 564 causes rotation of the rotatable bodies 612. Each of the rotatable bodies 612 is coupled to a gear train or gear mechanism to provide shaft articulation and rotation and clamp jaw open/close and knife actuation.
In one example embodiment, the instrument mounting portion 558 comprises a mechanism for causing differential translation of two or more members along the axis of the shaft 538. In the example provided in
In one example embodiment, the instrument mounting portion 558 further comprises a mechanism for translating rotation of the driven elements 564 into rotational motion about the axis of the shaft 538. For example, the rotational motion may be rotation of the shaft 538 itself. In the illustrated embodiment, a first spiral worm gear 630 coupled to a rotatable body 612 and a second spiral worm gear 632 coupled to the shaft assembly 538. A bearing 616 (
In one example embodiment, the instrument mounting portion 558 comprises a mechanism for generating reciprocating translation of one or more members along the axis of the shaft 538. Such translation may be used, for example to drive a tissue cutting element, such as 555, drive an overtube for closure and/or articulation of the end effector 610, etc. In the illustrated embodiment, for example, a rack and pinion gearing mechanism may provide the reciprocating translation. A first gear 636 is coupled to a rotatable body 612 such that rotation of the corresponding driven element 564 causes the first gear 636 to rotate in a first direction. A second gear 638 is free to rotate about a post 640 formed in the instrument mounting plate 562. The first gear 636 is meshed to the second gear 638 such that the second gear 638 rotates in a direction that is opposite of the first gear 636. In one example embodiment, the second gear 638 is a pinion gear meshed to a rack gear 642, which moves in a liner direction. The rack gear 642 is coupled to a translating block 644, which may translate distally and proximally with the rack gear 642. The translation block 644 may be coupled to any suitable component of the shaft assembly 538 and/or the end effector 610 so as to provide reciprocating longitudinal motion. For example, the translation block 644 may be mechanically coupled to the tissue cutting element 555 of the RF surgical device 523. In some embodiments, the translation block 644 may be coupled to an overtube, or other component of the end effector 610 or shaft 538.
Referring now to the alternate example mechanism for generating reciprocating translation of one or more members along the axis of the shaft 538, the instrument mounting portion 558 comprises a rack and pinion gearing mechanism to provide reciprocating translation along the axis of the shaft 538 (e.g., translation of a tissue cutting element 555 of the RF surgical device 523). In one example embodiment, a third pinion gear 660 is coupled to a rotatable body 612 such that rotation of the corresponding driven element 564 causes the third pinion gear 660 to rotate in a first direction. The third pinion gear 660 is meshed to a rack gear 662, which moves in a linear direction. The rack gear 662 is coupled to a translating block 664. The translating block 664 may be coupled to a component of the device 522, 523, such as, for example, the tissue cutting element 555 of the RF surgical device and/or an overtube or other component which is desired to be translated longitudinally.
In various embodiments, the instrument mounting portion 558 may additionally comprise internal energy sources for driving electronics and provided desired ultrasonic and/or RF frequency signals to surgical tools.
As illustrated in
First and second jaw members 1010, 1012 may be pivotably coupled to the wrist member 1008 and configured to pivot about a second axis, or jaw pivot axis 1016. Pivoting of the jaw members 1010, 1012 about the jaw pivot axis 1016 may cause the respective jaw members 1010, 1012 to pivot in the directions indicated by arrow 1020. The jaw members 1010, 1012 may be pivotable about the jaw pivot axis 1016 relative to one another and absolutely. For example, the jaw members 1010, 1012 may pivot relative to one another from open positions, where the jaw members 1010, 1012 are separated from one another as shown in
Similarly, control line 1038 may be coupled to and/or wrapped around pulley 1041 such that proximal translation of the control line 1038 causes the jaw member 1010 to pivot about the jaw pivot axis 1016 towards the control line 1038 (e.g., again out of the page from the perspective shown in
To prevent the control lines from becoming strained and/or disengaged with the pulleys 1041, 1043, various idler pulleys 1026, 1028, 1036, 1042, 1046, 1044, 1030, 1032 (
Pivoting of the wrist member 1008 (and thereby the jaw assembly 1003) may also be actuated utilizing control lines. For example, referring to
The various control lines 1038, 1040, 1048, 1050, 1052, 1053 may extend proximally through the shaft 1004 where they may be actuated at a handle or an instrument mounting portion of a robotic surgical system, such as the instrument mounting portion 1034 described herein. As described above, differential translation of control line pairs (1038/1050, 1040/1048, 1052, 1053) may cause articulation of the various components of the jaw assembly 1003. Differential translation of control lines may be brought about in any suitable manual and/or automated manner, for example, as described above.
Referring back to
According to various embodiments, the surgical instrument of
The ultrasonic blade 1014 may be coupled to an ultrasonic waveguide 1058 that may extend proximally through the shaft 1004 to an ultrasonic transducer, such as the transducer 16 described above. In some embodiments, translation of the ultrasonic blade 1014 may be brought about by translation of the blade 1014, waveguide 1058 and transducer assembly.
In the embodiment illustrated in
The jaw assembly 1100 may comprise a jaw member 1102 and an opposable U-shaped jaw member 1104. The jaw members 1102, 1104 may be pivotably coupled to the clevis 1112 that may be, in turn, coupled to a shaft 1110. The jaw members 1102, 1104 may be separately pivotable about an axis 1109 in a manner similar to that described above by which the jaw members 1010, 1012 are separately pivotable about the axis 1016. For example, the jaw members 1102, 1104 may be separately pivoted about the axis 1109 to an open position where the jaw members 1102, 1104 are pivoted away from one another. The jaw members 1102, 1104 may also be separately pivoted about the axis 1109 to a closed position where the jaw members 1102, 1104 are near and/or in contact with one another, for example, as shown in
In various embodiments, the jaw members 1102, 1104 may be utilized to capture tissue and maneuver the captured tissue towards the ultrasonic blade 1106 for cutting and/or coagulation. For example, the U-shaped jaw member 1104 may comprise a pair of tines 1104a, 1104b. The tines 1104a, 1104b may define an opening 1105 between the tines 1104a, 1104b. The jaw member 1102 and ultrasonic blade 1106 may be aligned with the opening. In this way, the jaw members 1102, 1104 may be pivoted to an open position with at least the jaw member 1102 away from the longitudinal axis 1002 to capture tissue, such as tissue 1114 shown in
The jaw members 1102, 1104 may be controlled in any suitable manner. For example, referring to
Various embodiments are directed to surgical instruments comprising an end effector, a shaft and a jaw assembly. The end effector may comprise an ultrasonic blade extending distally substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis. The shaft may extend proximally from the end effector along the longitudinal axis. The jaw assembly may comprise first and second jaw members. The jaw assembly may be pivotable about a first axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis from a first position where the first and second jaw members are substantially parallel to the ultrasonic blade to a second position. Additionally, the first and second jaw members may be pivotable about a second axis substantially perpendicular to the first axis.
In some embodiments, the jaw assembly comprises a wrist member, a first jaw member and a second jaw member. The wrist member may be pivotable about a wrist pivot axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis from a first position where the wrist member is substantially parallel to the ultrasonic blade to a second position where the wrist member is pivoted away from the ultrasonic blade. The first jaw member may extend distally from and be pivotably coupled to the wrist member. The first jaw member may also be pivotable about a jaw pivot axis substantially perpendicular to the wrist pivot axis. The second jaw member may extend distally from and also be pivotably coupled to the wrist member. The second jaw member may also be pivotable about the jaw pivot axis. The first and second jaw members may be further pivotable about the jaw pivot axis relative to one another from an open position where the first and second jaw members are pivoted away from one another to a closed position where the first and second jaw members are pivoted towards one another.
Applicant also owns the following patent applications that are each incorporated by reference in their respective entireties:
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/536,271, filed on Jun. 28, 2012 and entitled FLEXIBLE DRIVE MEMBER, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,204,879;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/536,288, filed on Jun. 28, 2012 and entitled MULTI-FUNCTIONAL POWERED SURGICAL DEVICE WITH EXTERNAL DISSECTION FEATURES, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0005718;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/536,295, filed on Jun. 28, 2012 and entitled ROTARY ACTUATABLE CLOSURE ARRANGEMENT FOR SURGICAL END EFFECTOR, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,119,657;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/536,326, filed on Jun. 28, 2012 and entitled SURGICAL END EFFECTORS HAVING ANGLED TISSUE-CONTACTING SURFACES, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,289,256;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/536,303, filed on Jun. 28, 2012 and entitled INTERCHANGEABLE END EFFECTOR COUPLING ARRANGEMENT, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,028,494;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/536,393, filed on Jun. 28, 2012 and entitled SURGICAL END EFFECTOR JAW AND ELECTRODE CONFIGURATIONS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0005640;
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/536,362, filed on Jun. 28, 2012 and entitled MULTI-AXIS ARTICULATING AND ROTATING SURGICAL TOOLS, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,125,662; and
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/536,417, filed on Jun. 28, 2012 and entitled ELECTRODE CONNECTIONS FOR ROTARY DRIVEN SURGICAL TOOLS, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,101,385.
It will be appreciated that the terms “proximal” and “distal” are used throughout the specification with reference to a clinician manipulating one end of an instrument used to treat a patient. The term “proximal” refers to the portion of the instrument closest to the clinician and the term “distal” refers to the portion located furthest from the clinician. It will further be appreciated that for conciseness and clarity, spatial terms such as “vertical,” “horizontal,” “up,” or “down” may be used herein with respect to the illustrated embodiments. However, surgical instruments may be used in many orientations and positions, and these terms are not intended to be limiting or absolute.
Various embodiments of surgical instruments and robotic surgical systems are described herein. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the various embodiments described herein may be used with the described surgical instruments and robotic surgical systems. The descriptions are provided for example only, and those skilled in the art will understand that the disclosed embodiments are not limited to only the devices disclosed herein, but may be used with any compatible surgical instrument or robotic surgical system.
Reference throughout the specification to “various embodiments,” “some embodiments,” “one example embodiment,” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one example embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases “in various embodiments,” “in some embodiments,” “in one example embodiment,” or “in an embodiment” in places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics illustrated or described in connection with one example embodiment may be combined, in whole or in part, with features, structures, or characteristics of one or more other embodiments without limitation.
While various embodiments herein have been illustrated by description of several embodiments and while the illustrative embodiments have been described in considerable detail, it is not the intention of the applicant to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the appended claims to such detail. Additional advantages and modifications may readily appear to those skilled in the art. For example, each of the disclosed embodiments may be employed in endoscopic procedures, laparoscopic procedures, as well as open procedures, without limitations to its intended use.
It is to be understood that at least some of the figures and descriptions herein have been simplified to illustrate elements that are relevant for a clear understanding of the disclosure, while eliminating, for purposes of clarity, other elements. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize, however, that these and other elements may be desirable. However, because such elements are well known in the art, and because they do not facilitate a better understanding of the disclosure, a discussion of such elements is not provided herein.
While several embodiments have been described, it should be apparent, however, that various modifications, alterations and adaptations to those embodiments may occur to persons skilled in the art with the attainment of some or all of the advantages of the disclosure. For example, according to various embodiments, a single component may be replaced by multiple components, and multiple components may be replaced by a single component, to perform a given function or functions. This application is therefore intended to cover all such modifications, alterations and adaptations without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
Any patent, publication, or other disclosure material, in whole or in part, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein is incorporated herein only to the extent that the incorporated materials does not conflict with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth in this disclosure. As such, and to the extent necessary, the disclosure as explicitly set forth herein supersedes any conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any material, or portion thereof, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein, but which conflicts with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth herein will only be incorporated to the extent that no conflict arises between that incorporated material and the existing disclosure material.
Claims
1-23. (canceled)
24. A surgical instrument, comprising:
- a shaft;
- a jaw assembly, comprising: a wrist member pivotably coupled to the shaft, a first jaw coupled to the wrist member; and a second jaw coupled to the wrist member, wherein at least one of the first jaw and the second jaw is pivotable relative to the wrist member to transition the first jaw and the second jaw between an open configuration and a closed configuration; and
- an ultrasonic blade movable between an extended configuration and a retracted configuration, wherein, in the extended configuration, the ultrasonic blade extends from the shaft, and, in the retracted configuration, the ultrasonic blade is positioned within the shaft;
- wherein the jaw assembly is movable within a first range of motion based on the ultrasonic blade being in the extended configuration; and
- wherein the jaw assembly is movable within a second range of motion greater than the first range of motion based on the ultrasonic blade being in the retracted configuration.
25. The surgical instrument of claim 24, wherein the wrist member is pivotable relative to the shaft about a first axis, and wherein the at least one of the first jaw and the second jaw is pivotable relative to the wrist member about a second axis transverse to the first axis.
26. The surgical instrument of claim 24, wherein the jaw assembly is configured to capture tissue and maneuver the tissue towards the ultrasonic blade.
27. The surgical instrument of claim 24, wherein the first range of motion is encompassed by the second range of motion.
28. The surgical instrument of claim 24, wherein the ultrasonic blade prevents the jaw assembly from rotating beyond the first range of motion, based on the ultrasonic blade being in the extended configuration.
29. The surgical instrument of claim 24, further comprising:
- a first cable configured to pivot the first jaw relative to the wrist member; and
- a second cable configured to pivot the at least one of the first jaw and the second jaw relative to the wrist member.
30. The surgical instrument of claim 24, further comprising:
- an instrument mounting portion extending from the shaft;
- a waveguide extending from the ultrasonic blade, wherein the waveguide is movably coupled to the ultrasonic blade; and
- a transducer extending from the waveguide.
31. The surgical instrument of claim 30, wherein the transducer is positioned within the instrument mounting portion.
32. The surgical instrument of claim 31, wherein the transducer is movably coupled to the waveguide.
33. The surgical instrument of claim 30, wherein the transducer extends beyond the instrument mounting portion.
34. The surgical instrument of claim 30, further comprising a gear operably coupled to the waveguide, wherein the ultrasonic blade is movable between the extended configuration and the retracted configuration, based on rotation of the gear.
35. A surgical instrument, comprising:
- a shaft;
- a jaw assembly, comprising: a wrist member pivotably coupled to the shaft, a first jaw pivotably coupled to the wrist member; and a second jaw pivotably coupled to the wrist member, wherein the first jaw and the second jaw are pivotable relative to one another between an open configuration and a closed configuration; and
- an ultrasonic assembly comprising a waveguide and an ultrasonic blade, wherein the ultrasonic assembly is movable between an extended position and a retracted position, wherein, in the extended position, the ultrasonic blade extends from the shaft, and, in the retracted position, the ultrasonic blade is positioned within the shaft;
- wherein the wrist member is rotatable relative to the shaft within a first range of motion based on the ultrasonic assembly being in the extended position; and
- wherein the wrist member is rotatable relative to the shaft within a second range of motion greater than the first range of motion based on the ultrasonic assembly being in the retracted position.
36. The surgical instrument of claim 35, wherein the wrist member is pivotable relative to the shaft about a first axis, and wherein the first jaw and the second jaw are pivotable relative to the wrist member about a second axis transverse to the first axis.
37. The surgical instrument of claim 35, wherein the jaw assembly is configured to capture tissue and maneuver the captured tissue towards the ultrasonic assembly.
38. The surgical instrument of claim 35, wherein the first range of motion is encompassed by the second range of motion.
39. The surgical instrument of claim 35, wherein the ultrasonic assembly prevents the wrist member from rotating beyond the first range of motion, based on the ultrasonic assembly being in the extended position.
40. A surgical instrument, comprising:
- a shaft;
- a jaw assembly, comprising: a wrist member pivotably relative to the shaft about a first axis; a first jaw; and a second jaw, wherein the first jaw and the second jaw are pivotable relative to the wrist member about a second axis transverse to the first axis, and wherein the first jaw and the second jaw are pivotable relative to one another from an open configuration to a closed configuration to capture tissue therebetween; and
- an ultrasonic blade movable between an extended configuration and a retracted configuration, wherein, in the extended configuration, the ultrasonic blade extends from the shaft, and, in the retracted configuration, the ultrasonic blade is housed within the shaft;
- wherein the wrist member is pivotable relative to the shaft within a first range of motion based on the ultrasonic blade being in the extended configuration; and
- wherein the wrist member is pivotable relative to the shaft within a second range of motion greater than the first range of motion based on the ultrasonic blade being in the retracted configuration.
41. The surgical instrument of claim 40, wherein the first range of motion is encompassed by the second range of motion.
42. The surgical instrument of claim 40, wherein the ultrasonic blade prevents the wrist member from rotating beyond the first range of motion, based on the ultrasonic blade being in the extended configuration.
43. The surgical instrument of claim 40, further comprising:
- a first cable configured to pivot the first jaw relative to the wrist member;
- a second cable configured to pivot the second jaw relative to the wrist member; and
- a third cable configured to pivot the wrist member relative to the shaft.
Type: Application
Filed: Jul 27, 2022
Publication Date: Feb 16, 2023
Inventors: Omar J. Vakharia (Cincinnati, OH), Jeffrey D. Messerly (Cincinnati, OH), David Stefanchik (Morrow, OH), Steven P. Smolik (West Chester, OH)
Application Number: 17/874,581
