Grapevine named SV35-182-214

Abstract

A new and distinct variety of grapevine plant named ‘SV35-182-214’ particularly characterized by medium sized clusters of green skinned berries which are large, crisp, and sweet with muscat flavor. The vines are very responsive to exogenous gibberellic acid application and trunk girdling which induces a size increase of the berries more than double the natural size. Vines are fruitful when spur pruned to two buds per cane with new shoots producing one or two clusters per shoot.

Description

Scientific name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: The plant claimed relates to a new and distinct variety of Vitis vinifera L.

Variety denomination: The plant claimed shall be known as ‘SV35-182-214’.

STATEMENT OF ANY FEDERALLY-SPONSORED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

The present invention is not subject of Federally-sponsored research or development.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention comprises a new and distinct cultivar of grapevine botanically known as Vitis vinifera and hereinafter referred to as grapevine named ‘SV35-182-214’. As used herein, ‘grapevine’ refers to all plant parts including vines, shoots, canes, tendrils, leaves, fruit and roots of grapevine named ‘SV35-182-214’. Grapevine named ‘SV35-182-214’ is the result of an effort to produce a crisp, sweet seedless table grape with muscat flavor. This new cultivar originated from a cross conducted in May 2014 near McFarland, Calif. between female parent grapevine named ‘SV21-66-226’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 24,531) and male parent grapevine named ‘SV27-82-371’ (unpatented). Resultant ovules from the cross were harvested 42 days after pollination and cultured on McCown's Wood Plant Medium. Subsequently, the resultant embryonic plants were extracted from those ovules and were cultured in the same medium in the laboratory under twelve hours of light from standard fluorescent lamps at 27° C. The seedlings from this effort were transplanted to the greenhouse in November of 2014 and grown at 27° C. with 12 hours illumination under high pressure sodium vapor lamps. The seedling population of 75 seedlings was planted in the field in the spring of 2015 near Delano, Calif. The new grapevine was selected from this seedling population on Aug. 17, 2017. It was then propagated by cuttings and was bench grafted to ‘Freedom’ (unpatented) rootstock in 2018 near Delano, Calif. The present invention has been found to retain its distinctive characteristics through two successive asexual propagations.

Grapevine named ‘SV35-182-214’ differs from its female parent grapevine named ‘SV21-66-226’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 24,531) in that grapevine named ‘SV35-182-214’ has berries with an elliptic shape as opposed to the ovate shape of grapevine named ‘SV21-66-226’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 24,531).

Grapevine named ‘SV35-182-214’ differs from its male parent grapevine named ‘SV27-82-371’ (unpatented) by having elliptic berries which are crisp while grapevine named ‘SV27-82-371’ (unpatented) has berries which are spherical and slightly soft in texture.

Grapevine named ‘SV35-182-214’ is most similar to commercially available cultivar ‘Sheegene-21’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 23,837) but differ from it in that the clusters of grapevine named ‘SV35-182-214’ have about 119 berries per cluster while commercial cultivar ‘Sheegene-21’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 23,837) have about 156 berries per cluster. Additionally, grapevine named ‘SV35-182-214’ ripens in early August while commercial cultivar ‘Sheegene-21’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 23,837) ripens in early July.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The following are the most outstanding and distinguishing characteristics of this new variety when grown under normal horticultural practices near McFarland, Calif.:

• • 1. Fruit clusters with large, green berries with muscat flavor; and
  • 2. Berries which are very responsive to applications of exogenous gibberellic acid which along with trunk girdling increase berry size compared to natural berry size by more than 100 percent.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

This new grapevine is illustrated by the accompanying photographs which show fruit clusters, leaves, canes and tendrils. The colors shown are as true as can be reasonably obtained by conventional photographic procedures. The photographs were taken from the original seedling vine in 2017. The remainder of the photographs were taken from a vine grafted to ‘Freedom’ (unpatented) rootstock in 2020 and 2021.

FIG. 1 Fruit cluster on the seedling vine taken in July 2017.

FIG. 2 Fruit cluster from vine which was treated with gibberellic acid and trunk girdling taken in 2021.

FIG. 3 Cane, leaves, tendrils and shoot tip from vine treated with gibberellic acid and trunk girdling. Natural fruit cluster at left and fruit cluster from vine treated with gibberellic acid and trunk girdling, right, taken in 2021.

FIG. 4. Fruit clusters on vine treated with gibberellic acid and trunk girdling, taken on the day of harvest, Aug. 18, 2021.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description sets forth the distinctive characteristics of grapevine named ‘SV35-182-214’. Descriptions of the new invention apply to vines of grapevine named ‘SV35-182-214’ grown on ‘Freedom’ (unpatented) rootstock at a density of 1,537 vines per hectare grown near McFarland, Calif. in 2020 and 2021. These vines were observed two years following planting and in the following year, having been planted in 2018. These descriptions are believed to apply generally to the new cultivar grown under similar circumstances elsewhere. Color references are to The Royal Horticultural Society's Colour Chart, The Royal Horticultural Society, London, United Kingdom, 1966, 1986, 1995, 2001. Descriptors used herein conform to those set forth by the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources Institute Grape Descriptors (Vitis spp.) of Vigne et du Vin (OIV) and the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) and published in Descriptors for Grapevine (Vitis spp.) (Anonymous, International Plant Genetics Resource Institute, 1997, ISBN 92-9043-352-3).

• Classification:
  • • Family.—Vitaceae.
    • Botanical name.—Vitis vinifera L.
    • Variety name.—‘SV35-182-214’.
• Plant:
  • • Vigor.—Moderate; vines spur-pruned and shoot thinned to 32 shoots average 180 cm of growth per cane.
    • Density of foliage.—Moderate.
    • Productivity.—Highly productive when spur pruned, up to 61, 208 kg/hectare.
    • Hardiness.—Hardiness observed to 0° C.
    • Rootstock.—‘Freedom’ (unpatented).
• Trunk:
  • • Shape.—Broadly elliptical.
    • Straps.—Long, split.
    • Surface texture.—Shaggy.
    • Trunk circumference.—18.5 cm at 1.0 m of height.
    • Inner bark color.—Greyed orange group 174B.
    • Outer bark color.—Grey group 201A.
• Mature leaves:
  • • Average blade length.—15.6 cm.
    • Average blade width.—20.6 cm.
    • Size of blade.—Large.
    • Shape.—Pentagonal.
    • Number of lobes.—5.
    • Anthocyanin coloration of main veins on the upper side of the blade.—Absent.
    • Mature leaf profile.—Flat, in the plane of blade on the entire margin.
    • Blistering (upper surface).—Absent.
    • Leaf blade tip.—In plane of blade.
    • Margins.—Lobed and serrated.
    • Apex.—Broadly acuminate.
    • Bases.—Sagittate.
    • Thickness.—Medium.
    • Undulation of blade between main and lateral veins.—Slight.
    • Shape of teeth.—Broadly conical, both sides convex.
    • Length of teeth.—1.1 mm.
    • Width of teeth.—1.1 mm.
    • Ratio length/width of teeth.—1:1.
    • Tooth at petiole sinus.—Absent.
    • Petiole sinus limited by veins.—Absent.
    • Shape of upper lateral sinus.—Open.
    • Prostrate hairs between veins (lower surface).—Absent.
    • Erect hairs between veins (lower surface).—Absent.
    • Prostrate hairs on main veins (lower surface).—Very sparse.
    • Density of erect hairs on main veins (lower surface).—Absent.
    • Prostrate hairs on main veins (upper surface).—Absent.
    • Upper surface.—Summer color: Yellow Green group 147A. Surface texture: Smooth. Surface appearance: Dull. Goffering of blade: Absent.
    • Lower surface.—Summer color: Yellow Green group 147B. Anthocyanin coloration of main veins on lower leaf surface: Absent. Glossiness: Low. Surface texture: Rough. Surface appearance: Dull.
    • Petiole.—Length: 13.3 cm. Length of petiole compared to middle vein: Slightly shorter. Density of prostrate hairs: Absent. Density of erect hairs: Medium. Shape of base of petiole sinus: Half open. Color: In shade: Yellow Green group 145A. In sun: Yellow Green group 145B.
• Tendrils:
  • • Number.—Bifurcated and trifurcated; forming irregularly above node 6.
    • Length.—12.5 cm.
    • Diameter.—1.7 mm.
    • Texture.—Smooth.
    • Color.—Yellow Green group 144C.
• Growing tips (young shoot):
  • • Color.—RHS Yellow green group N144A.
    • Shape.—Flattened.
    • Apex.—Fully open.
    • Prostrate hair on tips.—Sparse.
    • Anthocyanin coloration of prostrate hair on tips.—Absent.
    • Erect hair on tips.—Absent.
    • Shoot attitude.—Erect.
• Green summer shoots:
  • • Internode color upper surface.—Yellow Green group 145C.
    • Internode color lower surface.—Yellow Green group 145D.
    • Node color upper surface.—Yellow Green group 145A.
    • Node color lower surface.—Yellow Green group 145B.
    • Density of erect hairs on internodes.—Absent.
    • Lateral shoots.—Forming irregularly above node 3.
• Woody shoot:
  • • Canes.—Shape: Elliptic. Internode length: 8.8 cm. Width at node: 10.8 cm. Surface: Smooth. Main color: Greyed orange group 165B. Lenticels: Inconspicuous.
    • Buds.—Shape: Pointed. Cane bud fruitfulness: Fruitful from basal buds 1 and 2. Shoots producing 1 or 2 clusters each. Length: 6.7 mm. Width: 4.5 mm. Height: 5.5 mm. Color: Greyed orange group 166B. Texture: Smooth.
• Flowers:
  • • Flower sex.—Perfect.
    • Position of first flowering nodes.—3rd or 4th.
    • Number of inflorescences per shoot.—1 or 2.
    • Calyptra color.—Yellow green group 146C.
    • Ovary length.—2 mm.
    • Ovary width.—1 mm.
    • Ovary color.—Green group 137C.
    • Filament length.—2 mm.
    • Filament color.—Translucent white, absence of pigmentation.
    • Anther length.—1 mm.
    • Anther color.—Yellow group 4A.
    • Date of full bloom.—May 6, 2021.
• Fruit:
  • • Ripening period.—Mid-season Delano, Calif.
    • Date of ripening.—Aug. 15, 2021 at McFarland, Calif.
    • Use.—Fresh market.
    • Keeping quality.—Very good.
    • Shipping quality.—Excellent.
    • Date of first harvest.—Aug. 30, 2021.
    • Solids-sugar.—High, about 21 brix at full maturity.
    • Refractometer test.—23 brix.
    • Titratable acidity.—0.48 g/liter.
    • pH of juice.—3.94.
    • Bunch.—Size: Large. Length (peduncle excluded): About 20.7 cm. Width: About 11.3 cm. Weight: Natural, without gibberellic acid treatment: 422 g. With gibberellic acid treatment: 1245 g. Density: Loose. Number of berries: 119. Form: Conical.
    • Peduncle.—Length: About 4.7 cm. Lignification: 5 mm of peduncle. Color: Yellow Green group 144A.
    • Berry.—Size: Large. Uniformity of size: Uniform. Weight Natural, without gibberellic acid treatment: 4.3 g. With gibberellic acid treatment: 10.5 g. Shape: Natural, without gibberellic acid treatment: Elliptic. With gibberellic acid treatment: Elliptic. Presence of seeds: Seedless; most berries develop one or two small, soft rudimentary seeds about 4 mm in length. Cross section: Circular. Dimensions: Natural, without gibberellic acid: Longitudinal axis: About 2.2 cm. Horizontal axis: About 1.8 cm. With gibberellic acid treatment: Longitudinal axis: 3.2 cm. Horizontal axis: 2.3 cm. Skin color (without bloom): RHS Yellow Green group 144C. Coloration of flesh: Translucent; Yellow Green group 144D. Juiciness of flesh: Juicy. Berry firmness: Very firm. Particular flavor: Muscat. Bloom (cuticular wax): Heavy. Pedicel length: 1 cm. Berry separation from pedicel: With difficulty.
    • Skin.—Thickness: Medium. Texture: Crisp. Reticulation: Absent. Roughness: Absent. Tenacity: Tenacious to flesh. Tendency to crack: Resistant.
• Disease and insect resistance: No particular resistance or susceptibility has been observed. Normal disease control practices can be used.

Claims

1. A new and distinct variety of grapevine plant named ‘SV35-182-214’, substantially as illustrated and described herein.