Kentucky bluegrass
A variety of Kentucky bluegrass having a high level of disease resistance, excellent turf performance in the sun and shade, and a good to medium level of seed yield potential.
Latest The O.M. Scott & Sons Company Patents:
Kentucky bluegrasses have been disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,156 which issued on May 9, 1972; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,186 which issued on May 23, 1972; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 4,336 which issued on Nov. 28, 1978; and U.S. Plant patent application, Ser. No. 872,537, filed June 10, 1986.
SUMMARY OF THE VARIETYThe present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Poa pratensis which has been designated Ba 72-500 Kentucky bluegrass.
Ba 72-500 plant material originated by crossing a Kentucky bluegrass plant disclosed in U.S. plant application Ser. No. 872,537, the seed parent, with a pollen parent plant. As a result of this breeding, a distinct variety was produced and asexually propagated by rhizones, tillers and disseminules.
Ba 72-500 Kentucky bluegrass reproduced asexually by propagules, i.e., by tillers and rhizomes and by disseminules (modified caryopses produced by apomixis). Progeny plants have been produced which are indistinguishable from the mother plant.
Ba 72-500 has a number of highly desirable characteristics including a good level of resistance to Helminthosporium spp. that causes leaf spot, melting out, and crown rot; Ustilago striiformis that causes stripe smut; Erysiphe graminis that causes powdery mildew; and Puccinia spp. that causes rust; a leafy turf type growth habit; moderately wide leaf blades; an attractive green color which can be maintained throughout the entire growing season; good turf performance as evidenced by consistently high performance scores in tests throughout the U.S.A. and Canada, and a good-to-medium seed yield potential in the bluegrass seed production region of the U.S.A.
In comparison with its seed parent, the new variety is more shade tolerant and has better resistance to powdery mildew and rust.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGFIG. 1 is a photograph of Ba 72-500 Kentucky bluegrass plant in the vegetative stage including the extensive root and rhizome system;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of Ba 72-500 Kentucky bluegrass panicle; and
FIG. 3 is a photograph of Ba 72-500 Kentucky bluegrass seed.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIETYBa 72-500 Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is perennial with creeping rhizomes forming a moderately dense turf. When plants winter in the field with freezing temperatures and then are brought into the greenhouse during late winter to continue growth undisturbed by clipping under moderate temperatures (60.degree.-80.degree. F.), culms are erect averaging 439 mm tall with an average of 2.7 nodes per culm. The uppermost internode averages 9.8 cm, and the peduncle averages 12.9 cm in length and 0.660 mm in thickness. The flag leaf averages 4.1 cm in length, 3.2 mm in width, and 0.112 mm in thickness. The panicle is nodding with an average length of 6.8 cm, width of 3.8 cm, and 5.0 whorls. The lowest whorl has an average of 4.0 branches and the third whorl from the bottom of the panicle has an average of 2.4 branches. The average spikelet at the tip of a branch in the lowest whorl is 5.1 mm in length and has 4.2 florets with an outer glume of 3.1 mm in length and an inner glume of 3.4 mm in length. A similar spikelet from the third whorl from the bottom is 5.0 mm in length and has 3.9 florets with an outer glume of 3.1 mm in length and an inner glume of 3.4 mm in length. After the seed has been conditioned, the lemma has a rough keel with occasional long, fine hairs at the base. The seed of Ba 72-500 is 2.77 mm in length and 0.80 mm in width with approximately 1,300,105 seeds per pound. Comparisons of Ba 72-500 and other bluegrasses for seed measurements and seed counts per pound are found in Tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1
______________________________________
Seed Measurements of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
After Conditioning.
Length Width
Variety (mm) (mm)
______________________________________
Ba 72-500 2.77 0.80
Baron 3.07 0.86
Bristol 2.73 0.80
Nassau 2.96 0.78
Newport 2.76 0.71
Park 3.04 0.72
Ram I 3.51 0.84
Victa 3.20 0.86
LSD (.05) 0.19 0.06
______________________________________
TABLE 2
______________________________________
Seed Counts Per Pound of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
After Conditioning
Number of Seeds
Per Pound
______________________________________
Ba 72-500 1,300,105
Adelphi 1,383,976
America 1,659,824
Gnome 1,017,641
Baron 1,051,693
Birka 1,223,530
Bonnieblue 1,135,303
Bristol 1,270,821
Classic 1,250,316
Eclipse 1,335,668
Georgetown 1,232,913
Glade 1,108,441
Kenblue 1,463,923
Merit 1,109,728
Nassau 1,127,130
Newport 1,226,481
Park 1,248,349
Sydsport 1,355,644
Vantage 1,555,303
Victa 1,038,298
______________________________________
Since environmental conditions such as soil and climate influence morphological characteristics to some extent, comparisons of morphological characteristics of Ba 72-500 are made with other Kentucky bluegrass varieties in Tables 3-7.
TABLE 3
______________________________________
Morphological Comparisons of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrass -Varieties
Grown as Unmowed Spaced Plants in the Field at
Marysville, Ohio.
Mature Plant Leaf Panicle Seedhead
Height (cm) Blade Width Density Weight
2 Year 2 Year 2 Year 2 Year
Mean Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
46 2.4 6 335
Nugget 36 2.0 5 225
Glade 53 2.2 7 314
Vantage 67 2.5 6 786
Adelphi 53 2.3 6 396
Park 55 2.2 6 361
Bristol 55 2.3 7 385
Parade 53 2.5 5 372
A-34 65 2.1 8 384
Kenblue 63 2.4 6 498
Victa 46 3.0 7 442
Merion 49 2.2 7 191
LSD (.05)
18 0.7 2 427
______________________________________
Ratings:
Leaf Blade Width: 1-4, 4 = wide blades
Panicle Density: 0-9, 9 = very high panicle density
Seedhead Weight: Weight (mg) of three panicles
TABLE 4
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Panicles of Ba 72-500 and Other
Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
______________________________________
Panicle Panicle
Number of
Panicle Length Width Whorls
Variety Nodding* (cm) (cm) Per Panicle
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
2.0 6.8 3.8 5.0
Baron 1.0 7.8 4.1 5.2
Bristol 2.0 9.7 5.0 5.0
Nassau 2.0 10.0 6.0 5.0
Newport 2.0 10.3 4.4 4.5
Park 1.6 9.0 3.7 4.0
Ram I 2.0 9.0 4.7 4.0
Victa 1.2 7.5 4.1 5.4
LSD (.05)
0.5 1.6 1.0 0.8
______________________________________
Peduncle Peduncle
Number of Branches Length Width
Variety Lower Whorl
Third Whorl (cm) (mm)
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
4.0 2.4 12.9 0.660
Baron 3.8 2.5 12.7 0.559
Bristol 3.3 2.7 15.0 0.686
Nassau 3.0 2.0 8.0 0.533
Newport 2.3 2.3 18.0 0.558
Park 4.3 3.7 14.3 0.787
Ram I 2.5 2.0 18.5 0.610
Victa 4.4 3.4 12.2 0.711
LSD (.05)
0.7 0.8 3.7 0.018
______________________________________
*Panicle nodding rated 1 = erect, 2 = nodding.
TABLE 5
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Culms and Flag Leaves of Ba
72-500 and Other Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at
Marysville, Ohio.
______________________________________
Flag Leaf Flag Leaf Flag Leaf
Length Width Thickness
Variety (cm) (mm) (mm)
______________________________________
Ba 72-500 4.1 3.2 0.112
Baron 4.5 3.2 0.119
Bristol 5.5 3.4 0.127
Nassau 6.2 3.1 0.127
Newport 6.1 3.5 0.135
Park 4.2 2.6 0.109
Ram I 4.7 3.1 0.127
Victa 5.9 4.0 0.124
LSD (.05) 1.8 0.6 0.013
______________________________________
Top
Internode Culm Number of
Length Length Nodes Per
Variety (cm) (mm) Culm
______________________________________
Ba 72-500 9.8 439 2.7
Baron 10.1 482 2.5
Bristol 11.3 522 2.7
Nassau 11.2 450 2.5
Newport 11.2 547 2.3
Park 13.0 578 3.0
Ram I 10.2 527 3.0
Victa 10.6 474 2.4
LSD (.05) 2.1 79 0.6
______________________________________
TABLE 6
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Spikelets and Florets of Ba
72-500 and Other Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at
Marysville, Ohio.
______________________________________
Spikelet Number of Florets
Length (mm) per Spikelet
Lowest Third Lowest Third
Variety Whorl Whorl Whorl Whorl
______________________________________
Ba 72-500 5.1 5.0 4.2 3.9
Baron 5.0 5.0 3.7 3.8
Bristol 6.2 6.0 5.7 5.3
Nassau 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.5
Newport 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.2
Park 6.5 6.7 5.2 4.7
Ram I 4.7 5.2 5.2 5.5
Victa 5.2 5.0 3.8 3.8
LSD (.05) 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.0
______________________________________
Glume Length (mm)
Outer Inner
Lowest Third Lowest
Third
Variety Whorl Whorl Whorl Whorl
______________________________________
Ba 72-500 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.4
Baron 2.9 2.8 3.4 3.3
Bristol 3.4 3.3 3.7 3.9
Nassau 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.7
Newport 2.6 2.5 2.9 2.9
Park 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.7
Ram I 2.6 2.4 2.9 2.7
Victa 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.3
LSD (.05) 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4
______________________________________
TABLE 7
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Leaves of Ba 72-500 and Other
Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
Leaf
Ligule Leaf Leaf Angle
Length Length Width (Degrees
Variety (mm) (mm) (mm) From Horizontal)
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
0.25 204 4.1 50
Baron 0.30 313 4.4 63
Bristol 0.30 253 4.3 37
Nassau 0.22 226 3.5 39
Newport 0.22 251 4.1 50
Park 0.33 329 4.2 44
Ram I 0.18 188 3.7 40
Victa 0.28 235 4.3 52
LSD (.05)
0.11 49 0.6 10
______________________________________
Hairs.sup.a Around
Ligule on
Upper Surface Hairs.sup.a on
Hairs.sup.b on
Variety of the Leaf Collar Ligule
______________________________________
Ba 72-500 1.0 3.5 2.7
Baron 1.0 5.0 4.0
Bristol 1.3 4.7 4.3
Nassau 2.7 5.0 1.0
Newport 1.0 4.0 0.8
Park 1.0 1.7 0.0
Ram I 1.0 3.7 0.3
Victa 1.0 3.3 2.2
LSD (.05) 0.3 1.4 1.8
______________________________________
.sup.a Hairs around ligule and on collar rated 1-5: 1 = none, 5 = many.
.sup.b Hairs on ligule rated 0-5: 0 = none, 5 = many.
Ba 72-500 has performed very well throughout the U.S.A. and Canada as exhibited by high turf quality ratings in ten different locations as the comparisons show in Table 8.
TABLE 8
______________________________________
Comparison of the Turf Quality of Ba 72-500 and Other
Bluegrass Varieties in the U.S.A. and Canada
______________________________________
St. Louis Guelph Winnipeg
Beltsville
Missouri Ontario Manitoba
Maryland
1 Year 2 Year 2 Year 1 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
3.2 7.7 6.9 5.8
A-34 6.6 5.6
Adelphi 2.9 5.9
Admiral 6.0
America 2.8
Aquila 7.1
Banff 4.8
Baron 2.7 6.2 5.3
Birka 2.3
Bonnieblue 5.0
Bono
Bristol 2.7 5.0
Columbia 4.9
Eclipse 5.9
Enmundi 5.5
Fylking 4.9
Geary
Geronimo
Glade 2.8 5.3
Gnome 2.9 7.0
Kenolue
Merion 6.7 5.3
Merit 2.8 6.5 6.1
Midnight 5.5
Monopoly 4.9
Mystic 6.6
Nassau 5.9 4.5
Newport
Nugget 7.1
Parade 5.0
Park 1.8 6.7
Ram I 4.6
SO Common
Shasta 6.7 7.1
Sydsport 2.7 5.8
Touchdown
2.7 6.8 5.8
Trampas 6.3
Vantage 2.6 5.5
Victa 2.8 5.5
Wabash
______________________________________
Adelphia Lincoln Agassiz
New Jersey Nebraska British Columbia
2 Year 2 Year 1 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
6.1 6.0 5.4
A-34 6.2
Adelphi 6.4 6.1
Admiral
America
Aquila 5.7
Banff
Baron 6.4 5.6
Birka 5.9 5.9
Bonnieblue
6.7 5.8
Bono 5.2
Bristol 6.5 5.9 6.1
Columbia 5.9
Eclipse 7.2 5.8
Enmundi 6.3 5.9
Fylking 5.7 6.1
Geary 3.6
Geronimo 5.1
Glade 6.7 6.4
Gnome 6.4
Kenolue 3.3
Merion 6.0 5.9 5.3
Merit 6.2 6.0 4.9
Midnight 7.3 5.9
Monopoly 5.7
Mystic
Nassau 5.9
Newport
Nugget
Parade 5.6 6.5
Park 5.7
Ram I 6.2 5.9
SO Common
3.2
Shasta 5.7
Sydsport 6.0 6.3
Touchdown
6.1 5.9
Trampas 5.7
Vantage 3.6 5.8
Victa 6.5 5.7
Wabash 4.8
______________________________________
Gervais Marysville
Prince Frederick
Oregon Ohio Maryland
3 Year 5 Year 4 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
2.8 2.8 2.3
A-34
Adelphi 2.4 2.7 1.9
Admiral
America 2.5
Aquila
Banff
Baron
Birka
Bonnieblue
Bono
Bristol 2.8 2.7 2.1
Columbia
Eclipse
Enmundi
Fylking
Geary
Geronimo
Glade 2.5 1.8
Gnome 2.3
Kenolue 1.4
Merion
Merit 2.4 1.9
Midnight
Monopoly
Mystic
Nassau
Newport 1.4
Nugget
Parade 2.7
Park 2.1 1.7
Ram I
SO Common
Shasta
Sydsport
Touchdown
Trampas
Vantage 2.6 1.8
Victa 2.2 2.6 2.1
Wabash
______________________________________
Rating Scale: Larger number indicates higher quality.
Good turf performance under shady conditions is an important characteristic for broad, general usage of a bluegrass variety. Ba 72-500 performs very well under shady conditions as seen from the comparative test results in Tables 9 and 10.
TABLE 9
______________________________________
Turf Performance Ratings Under Natural Shade of Ba 72-500 and
Other Bluegrass Varieties at Marysville, Ohio.
4 Yr
Year 1
Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
2.1 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.4
Merion 1.8 1.6 2.0 1.8 1.8
Fylking 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.9
A-34 2.0 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.4
Park 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.9
Newport 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.1 1.9
Bristol 1.8 2.1 2.2 1.8 2.0
Enmundi 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.2
Bonnieblue
2.0 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.9
Touchdown
1.8 2.1 2.1 1.7 1.9
Aquila 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.1 1.8
Parade 1.8 2.0 2.2 1.8 2.0
Victa 2.0 1.5 1.8 2.0 1.8
LSD (.05) .46 .47
______________________________________
Rated 1-4, 4 = Best
TABLE 10
______________________________________
Turf Performance Ratings Under Natural Shade of Ba 72-500
and Other Bluegrass Varieties at Gervais, Oregon.
______________________________________
Quality
Year 1 Year 2
June Aug. Oct. Mean Feb. Sept Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
2.8 2.8 3.3 3.0 3.3 3.0 3.2
Bristol 2.5 2.8 2.3 2.6 3.0 1.7 2.4
Gnome 3.5 1.0 1.0 1.8 1.0 0.5 .8
Victa 2.8 1.8 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.9
LSD (.05)
.97 .97 .63 .95 .96
______________________________________
Quality
Year 3 Year 4 4 Yr
Feb. May Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
2.2 2.2 2.7
Bristol
2.0 2.3 2.3
Gnome 1.3 2.3 1.6
Victa 1.8 1.0 1.7
LSD (.05)
.83 .80
______________________________________
Rated 1-4, 4 = Best
The new variety has a pleasant medium green color which can be maintained throughout the growing season and widely scattered locations in the U.S.A. and Canada as shown by the comparative test results in Table 11.
TABLE 11
______________________________________
Comparison of Turf Color of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
at Various Locations in the U.S.A. and Canada.
______________________________________
St. Louis Truro Winnipeg
Lincoln
Missouri Nova Scotia Manitoba
Nebraska
1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 2 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
9.4 7.1 7.0 7.0
A-34 6.3 6.5
Adelphi 9.4 7.2
America 9.4 7.0
Aquila 7.3 6.7
Baron 9.2 7.3 6.9
Birka 9.1 6.7
Bonnieblue 7.0
Bono 9.0
Bristol 9.5 7.3
Eclipse 7.0
Enmundi 7.0
Fylking 6.8
Geronimo
Glade 9.3 7.1
Gnome 9.3 7.5
Kenblue
Merion 6.9
Merit 9.2 7.2 7.0
Midnight 8.1 7.9
Mystic 6.5
Nassau 7.2
Newport
Nugget 7.3
Parade 6.8
Park 9.0 6.1
Ram I 7.3
Rugby 6.8
Shasta 7.2
Sydsport
9.2 7.0
Touchdown
9.0 6.6 6.8
Trampas 6.9
Vantage 9.2 6.8
Victa 9.2 7.5 6.9
______________________________________
Marys- Prince
Agassiz Gervais ville Frederick
British Columbia
Oregon Ohio Maryland
1 Year 3 Year 2 Year 3 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
5.5 7.2 8.1 7.7
A-34
Adelphi 7.6 8.4 7.4
America 7.6 8.5
Aquila
Baron 8.5
Birka 8.1
Bonnieblue
Bono 6.0
Bristol 7.0 9.3 8.9 8.3
Eclipse 8.5
Enmundi
Fylking
Geronimo
5.8
Glade 8.3 8.4 8.0
Gnome 7.4 8.1
Kenblue 6.6 8.1
Merion 5.7
Merit 6.5 7.4 7.4
Midnight 8.9
Mystic
Nassau
Newport 7.5
Nugget
Parade
Park 8.1 6.8
Ram I
Rugby
Shasta
Sydsport 8.2
Touchdown 8.1
Trampas
Vantage 8.5 6.8
Victa 7.1 8.4 7.6
______________________________________
Rating Scale: Larger number indicates darker green color.
Resistance to common turf diseases is important for consistent performance throughout the year and among locations. Comparisons of resistance to leaf spot (also known as melting out and crown rot) caused by the fungus Helminthosporium vagans are presented in Table 12.
TABLE 12
______________________________________
Comparison of Leafspot Disease Incidence on Ba 72-500 and
Other Bluegrasses at Several Locations in the U.S.A. and
______________________________________
Canada.
Agassiz.sup.c
St. Louis.sup.a
Beltsville.sup.b
Adelphia.sup.b
British
Missouri Maryland New Jersey
Columbia
1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
3 7.7 7.0 3.0
A-34 5.3 4.3
Adelphi 2 8.0 5.7
America 8
Aquila 6.3
Banff 5.3 7.0
Baron 2 7.0 8.7
Birka 5 6.3
Bonnieblue 7.0
Bono 7 3.0
Bristol 2 7.0 8.3 2.3
Columbia 5.7 6.3
Eclipse 7.7 9.0
Enmundi 7.0
Fylking 6.7 6.3
Geary 2.0
Geronimo 4.7
Glade 2 7.3 6.3
Gnome 2 7.0 8.0
Kenblue 3.3 1.7
Merion 6.3 7.7 3.0
Merit 3 7.3 7.7 3.7
Midnight 7.0 7.0
Monopoly 5.3 6.0
Nassau 7.7 7.4
Newport
Parade 6.0 5.0
Park 52
Ram I 6.5 7.0
Rugby 5.0
Shasta 6.0
Sydsport
3 7.3 6.3
Touchdown
7 7.7
Trenton 6.0
Vantage 7 5.0 2.0
Victa 2 8.0 7.0
Wabash 2.0
LSD (.05)
7 1.9
______________________________________
Gervais.sup.a
Marysville.sup.a
Accokeek.sup.a
Marysville.sup.a
Oregon Ohio Maryland
Ohio (Shade)
3 Year 5 Year 2 Year 1 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
21 4 1 0
A-34
Adelphi 46 9
America 29 0
Aquila
Banff
Baron
Birka 0
Bonnieblue
Bono
Bristol 8 5 2
Columbia
Eclipse
Enmundi
Fylking
Geary
Geronimo
Glade 46 0
Gnome 76 0
Kenblue 75 67
Merion
Merit 65
Midnight
Monopoly
Nassau
Newport 45
Parade 10
Park 54
Ram I
Rugby
Shasta
Sydsport
--
Touchdown 0
Trenton
Vantage 15 30
Victa 70 7 12 0
Wabash
LSD (.05)
15 5 10 4
______________________________________
Ratings
.sup.a % of turf affected by disease
.sup.b 1-9, 9 = least disease
.sup.c 1-9, 9 = most disease
Comparisons of resistance to powdery milkdew caused by Erysiphe graminis, rust caused by Puccinia spp., dollarspot caused by Sclerotina homeocarpa, stripe smut caused by Ustilago striiformis, and red thread caused by Corticium fuciform are presented in Tables 13-18.
TABLE 13
______________________________________
Comparison of Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis) Disease lncidence
on Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrasses at Adelphia, New Jersey
Test 1
Test 2
______________________________________
Ba 72-500 7.2 7.7
Midnight 7.0 7.8
Columbia 6.7 7.8
Banff 6.5 7.7
Bristol 7.7 7.7
Parade 6.2 7.5
Monopoly 7.1 7.4
Ram I 7.0 7.3
Victa 5.6 7.2
Merit 5.7 7.0
Baron 6.4 7.0
Nassau 6.8 7.0
Eclipse 4.7 7.0
Aquila 6.9 7.0
Bonnieblue 5.4 7.0
Adelphi 7.1 6.9
America 7.4 6.9
Vantage 6.2 5.9
Touchdown 3.5 5.7
Birka 3.5 5.6
Merion 2.4 3.6
LSD (.05) 0.9 1.0
______________________________________
Rated 1-9, 9 = No Disease
TABLE 14
______________________________________
Comparison of Rust (Puccinia spp.) Disease Incidence on Ba
72-500 and Other Bluegrasses.
Turf Unmowed Spaced Plants
Location
Aggasiz.sup.a
Gervais.sup.b
Marysville.sup.b
British Columbia
Oregon Ohio
Rating Years
Variety 2 Year Mean 1 Year Mean
1 Year Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
1.3 1 17
A-34 10
Adelphi 23 10
America 9
Bono 2.1
Bristol 1.2 6 9
Geronimo 1.5
Glade 4 13
Gnome 13
Kenblue 30 24
Merion 2.8 33
Merit 2.9 8
Newport 23
Nugget 13
Parade 7
Park 32
Vantage 43
Victa 9 18
LSD (.05) 12 16
______________________________________
.sup.a Rated 1-9, 9 = most disease
.sup.b Rated as % of disease incidence
TABLE 15
______________________________________
Comparison of Dollarspot Disease Incidence on Ba 72-500 and
Other Bluegrasses.
Prince Frederick
Marysville
Variety Maryland Ohio
______________________________________
Ba 72-500 24 47
Adelphi 8 20
America 13
Baron 50 23
Birka 6 47
Bonnieblue 10
Bono 4 63
Bristol 6 17
Columbia 10
Eclipse 8
Glade 40
Gnome 22
Kenblue 8 37
Merit 4
Midnight 6
Park 33
Ram I 40
Rugby 12
Sydsport 43
Touchdown 50
Trenton 28
Vantage 11 15
Victa 5 23
Wabash 11
LSD (.05) 19 24
______________________________________
Rating: % of turf that is affected by disease.
TABLE 16
______________________________________
Comparison of Stripe Smut Disease Incidence on Ba 72-500 and
Other Bluegrasses.
Prince Frederick
Accokeek
Maryland Maryland
Variety 3 Year Mean 2 Year Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-500 0 2
Bristol 7
Mosa 23
Vantage 3
Victa 9
LSD (.05) 16 9
______________________________________
Rating: % of turf affected by disease.
TABLE 17
______________________________________
Comparison of Red Thread Disease Incidence on Ba 72-500 and
Other Bluegrasses at Gervais, Oregon
Red Thread
______________________________________
Ba 72-500
0
Victa 10
Bristol 0
Glade 15
Adelphi 0
Kenblue 23
Newport 3
America 2
Merit 7
Gnome 0
LSD (.05)
13
______________________________________
Rating: % of turf affected by disease.
TABLE 18
______________________________________
Comparison of Powdery Mildew Disease Incidence on Ba 72-500 and Other
Bluegrasses.
______________________________________
Greenhouse.sup.a
Natural Shade.sup.b
Adelphia Gervais Marysville
New Jersey
Oregon Ohio
1 Year 1 Year 3 Year 2 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
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Ba 72-500
5.4 3 3 0
A-34 4.5
Adelphi 0.8
America 6.7 7
Aquila 8.7
Banff 0.4 15
Baron 1.4
Birka 5.7 2
Bonnieblue
0.8
Bristol 6.4 3 10 1
Columbia 0.5
Eclipse 6.9 3
Enmundi 6.9
Fylking 1.3
Geronimo 40
Glade 7.0 37 21
Gnome 1.7 78 61
Kenblue 2
Kimono 0.9
Majestic 0.9
Merion 0.9
Merit 2.3
Midnight 0.7
Monopoly 5.9 2
Mosa
Mystic 8.3
Newport 33
Nugget 7.0
Parade 2.2
Ram I 7.2
Rugby 0.6 15
Shasta 0.7
Sydsport 6.1
Touchdown 0
Vantage 5.0
Victa 1.9 35 47 52
LSD (.05)
0.8 21 16 6
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Spaced Plants - Sun.sup.b
Prince Frederick
Marysville
Maryland Ohio
1 Year 2 Year
Variety Mean Mean
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Ba 72-500 0 0
A-34 2 15
Adelphi 12 23
America
Aquila
Banff
Baron
Birka
Bonnieblue
Bristol 1 0
Columbia
Eclipse
Enmundi
Fylking
Geronimo
Glade 57 23
Gnome
Kenblue 10
Kimono
Majestic
Merion 5
Merit
Midnight
Monopoly
Mosa 58
Mystic
Newport
Nugget 3
Parade 0
Ram I
Rugby
Shasta --
Sydsport
Touchdown
Vantage 34
Victa 13
LSD (.05) 25 12
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.sup.a Rated 0-9, 9 = least disease
.sup.b Rated as % of turf affected by disease
Ba 72-500 has the ability to tolerate heat and drought stress as illustrated in Table 19.
TABLE 19
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Comparison of Drought and Heat Tolerance of Ba 72-500 and
Other Bluegrasses in Prince Frederick, Maryland.
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3
Variety
4 Year Mean 1 Year Mean
3 Year Mean
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Ba 72-500
20 0 27
Adelphi 36
Bristol
31 36
Glade 49
Merit 43
Mosa 27
Park 39
Vantage 50 39
Victa 50 30
LSD (.05)
12 24 22
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Rated as % brown turf due to drought and heat stress.
The low growth habit and slower vertical growth rate of Ba 72-500 indicates that it should withstand low mowing heights as well as possibly decrease the total number of mowings per year under favorable enviromental conditions, especially in comparison to the common type varieties of Kenblue, Newport, and Park as presented in Table 20.
TABLE 20
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Comparison of Growth Habit of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrasses at
Marysville, Ohio.
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3
Variety 1 Year Mean.sup.a
2 Year Mean.sup.b
3 Year Mean.sup.b
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Ba 72-500
2.0 1.4 66
Adelphi 2.0 2.4
America 1.8
Baron 1.8
Birka 2.0
Bono 2.0
Bristol 2.0 2.0 74
Eclipse 2.0
Fylking 93
Glade 2.2
Gnome 2.0
Kenblue 2.9 96
Merion 78
Merit 84
Newport 100
Parade 2.2
Park 2.9 2.2
Sydsport 1.9 72
Touchdown
2.0
Vantage 2.7 2.0 84
Victa 1.9 2.0 77
LSD (.05)
0.3 0.5 12
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.sup.a Rated 1-5, 5 = high growth, 1 = dwarf.
.sup.b Rated as height (mm) of turf about one week after last mowing.
The leaf texture of Ba 72-500 is similar to many bluegrass varieties when maintained under mowed turf conditions as the comparative test results show in Table 21.
TABLE 21
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Comparison of Leaf Texture of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrasses
Under Mowed Turf Conditions.
St. Louis Agassiz Marysville
Variety Missouri British Columbia
Ohio
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Ba 72-500
4.3 6.0 5.0
Adelphi 5.3
America 6.0
Baron 4.6
Birka 6.0
Bono 5.6 6.7
Bristol 5.3 7.0 5.0
Fylking 5.8
Geronimo 5.7
Glade 6.0
Gnome 4.3
Kenblue 5.5
Merion 6.3 5.0
Merit 4.3 5.0 5.0
Newport 5.0
Park 6.0
Sydsport
5.0 5.0
Touchdown
5.0
Vantage 6.0 5.3
Victa 4.4 4.8
LSD (.05)
0.7 0.4
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Rating: 1-9, 9 = finest texture.
Ba 72-500 has a good level of seed yielding ability which should make it an economically feasible variety to produce for commercial markets as shown in Table 22.
TABLE 22
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Seed Yield Comparisons of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrass
Varieties in Oregon
Location Gervais La Grande
Seeded Year Year Year Year Madras
Harvest Year
1 2 Mean 1 2 Mean Year 1
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Variety
Ba 72-500
559 757 658 876 857 867 1113
Victa 780 1394 1087 1419 1200 1310 1324
Newport 435 1256 846
Bristol 347 808 578 1089 970 1030
Mosa 322 1060 691
Julia 296 1016 656
Baron 1194
Trampas 388
LSD (.05)
140 134 149 181 220
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Rating: Pounds per acre of conditioned seed.
The low susceptibility of Ba 72-500 to rust and lodging under typical seed field conditions should aid in producing enconomical seed crops as indicated by the comparative results in Table 23.
TABLE 23
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Plant Characteristics of Ba 72-500 and Other Bluegrass Varieties at
Gervais, Oregon Under Seed Production Conditions.
Lodging
Rust Year 1 Year 2
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Ba 72-500 1 2.5 0.2
Victa 2 2.0 0
Bristol 4 4.0 1
Newport 4 4.0 1
Mosa 4 2.0 0
Julia 4 5.0 4
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Ratings
Rust: 1-4, 4 = very susceptible
Lodging: 0-5, 5 = severe lodging
Claims
1. A variety of bluegrass plant, substantially as shown and described, characterized particularly by a high level of resistance to disease and especially leaf spot disease, a desirable green color throughout the growing season, a high quality persistent turf under a wide variety of environmental conditions including shady conditions and a good-to-medium level of seed yielding capacity.
Type: Grant
Filed: Sep 19, 1986
Date of Patent: Sep 6, 1988
Assignee: The O.M. Scott & Sons Company (Marysville, OH)
Inventors: Virgil D. Meier (Marysville, OH), Richard Schneider (Port Republic, MD), Eugene Mayer (Marysville, OH)
Primary Examiner: Robert E. Bagwill
Attorney: James B. Raden
Application Number: 6/910,146
International Classification: A01H 500;
