Abstract: An electric razor is disclosed which comprises a housing having a shearing head, a shearing comb disposed within the head and having openings permitting hair protruding from a surface to enter into an interior of the comb, and a blade beam carrier which mounts an elongated blade beam and which is oscillated relative to the comb for severing hair extending through the comb openings. A connecting member driven by an electric motor engages and oscillates the blade beam. A reduction drive is provided for oscillating the shearing comb at a lesser frequency than the blade beam in generally three directions, a first direction substantially parallel to the oscillating direction of the blade beam, a second direction which is transverse thereto, and a third direction which lifts the shearing comb off the skin being shaved.

Abstract: A magnetic pin setter useful in constructing replicas of teeth for production of crowns and bridges. The device employs two support rods mounted on a base, each supporting a horizontal plate at its upper extremity. Mounted on the base between the two support rods is an adjustable work table. In producing castings for restoration work including crowns and bridges, dowel pins must be positioned for the casting and removal of individual tooth models to be restored. Small horseshoe magnets are magnetically attached to the horizontal plates and the second magnet interconnected to the first magnet holds a vertical support rod in position. The rods retain the dowel pins in position in the center of the individual teeth for the casting process.

Abstract: A method for cleaning teeth involving the conjoint use of streams of water and of a water soluble abrasive carried in an air stream.

Abstract: A drafting instrument for tracing curves such as ellipses. The instrument includes a base which is movable over a graphics surface. A marking element is carried by a writing arm connected with the base by linkage means which guides the marking element along a predetermined curvilinear path. The linkage means includes a master arm pivotally mounted at one end on the base for sliding movement along the minor axis and pivotally mounted at its other end on the writing arm by an articulated joint which is adjustable along the writing arm to selectively vary the minor axis apex of the curve being drawn. The linkage means also includes a slave arm pivotally mounted between the base and a midportion of the master arm. Another articulated joint is mounted on the base for sliding movement along the minor axis and is adjustably connected with the writing arm for selectively varying the major axis apex of the curve being drawn.

Abstract: A desired marker such as a felt tip pen or a pencil or a chalk may be carried across a chalk board by mounting the marker on a clamp which is attached to an arm. The arm in turn can be mounted on a trolley which is movable on a frame. The frame can be attached to the chalk tray by wheels and a handle attached to the frame. The marker can be moved across the chalk board by moving the arm mounted on the trolley with respect to the general position of the frame. The frame can be moved using the wheels underneath the frame and the handle attached to the frame.

Abstract: A device for the measurement of the engine oil level in sound proof encapsulated internal combustion engines by means of an oil dipstick.

Abstract: A measuring instrument with two feeds for its spindle. A first sleeve is keyed to a second sleeve so the sleeves can move axially relative to each other but cannot rotate relative to each other. A spindle is threaded into the second sleeve and moves axially when its thimble is rotated to provide the first feed. A second thimble has a first thread engaging a thread of the first sleeve and a second thread engaging a thread of the second sleeve. Rotation of the second thimble moves the second sleeve and spindle axially to provide the second feed. The first and second threads can be selected to provide a fine feed or a coarse feed of the second sleeve and spindle.

Abstract: A corrugating machine finger setting jig is disclosed having an adjustable profile surface to simulate the arcuate profile of a cooperative corrugating roll.

Abstract: The invention contemplates use of a single magnetic-field (flux) sensor mounted within an elongate probe housing, to continuously generate telemetered electric signals from which the instantaneous orientation of the housing is at all times known and from which changes in orientation may be tracked as a function of probe depth within the borehole in which the probe housing may be displaced. The telemetered electric signals provide accurate and current indications of (a) magnitude of the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic-field lines, (b) direction and magnitude of probe-axis tilt with respect to the gravitational vertical, and the direction of the earth's magnetic field, and (c) a probe-housing frame-angle reference; provision being made within the probe housing for performing substantially all discriminating, detecting and other problem-solving functions, whereby the telemetered signals are directly utilizable by recording and/or display equipment at surface end of the borehole site.

Abstract: A tracked snowplow particularly suited for use in very deep snow. A frame is carried on a tracked mover. The frame supports a triangular belt which is made up of a number of chains, stretched about rolls, and a large number of shovels which extend perpendicular to the chains. The shovels engage the links of the tracked mover as the shovels move along their lower run. The upper run of the shovels is angled rearwardly, and so as the snow is carried by the upper run, the weight of the snow helps drive the shovels, and the shovels, engaging the tracked mover, help drive it. From the upper run the snow is deposited into two secondary carrying belts which convey it to the sides of the snowplow for throwing out.

Abstract: A dragline has two booms at a ninety degree angle with the dragrope between them. Each boom has a variable speed hoist mechanism and both hoist ropes are connected to the bucket. Either boom can be used as a digging boom, with the other serving as a dumping boom, and relative hoist speeds are controlled to move a filled bucket to a dumping position under the dumping boom and back to start position under the digging boom.

Abstract: An adjustable indicating device such as a pricing unit adapted for removable mounting in price channels (12,12a) secured to the edges of supermarket shelves (S1,S2) includes a base element (1) formed of semirigid yieldable material and having a medial strut (6) which is bifurcated along one edge to form yieldable supports (7a,7b) for a pair of mounting strips (8,9) arranged for removable mounting on price channel (12,12a), a support channel (14) having a central web section (15) and outwardly protruding flange panels (16,17) is integrally formed along an edge of said medial strut (6) remote from the bifurcated portion thereof and serves as mounting means for one or more elongated plate means (2,3) arranged to position the edges of self-coiling indicia bearing tapes (4) in such manner that the coiled ends (4a,4b) thereof are disposed behind the support channel (14), a pair of cover mounting reinforcing strips (30,31) formed integrally with the medial strut (16) and extending from opposite sides thereof between

Abstract: A telescopic sight mount for securing a telescopic sight to a "Winchester" 94 type rifle provided with standard iron sights which consists of an elongated member for attachment to the near side face of a gun receiver and having an upper face bent at a right angle thereto over the iron sights for securing thereto the telescopic sight forward of the ejection port of the rifle.

Abstract: A commercial fishing net takes advantage of animal psychology to easily permit the escape of entrapped porpoises while preventing the escape of desired tuna and other edible fish, the net having at least a portion comprising a drop net which sinks beneath the water surface to a depth defined by tethered floats when a control bladder attached to the top of the drop net is deflated, there also being an optional stiffener hose extending along the top of the drop net and being filled with a releasable pressurized fluid to maintain the upper edge of the drop net aligned and prevent the bunching of this net portion.

Abstract: In a line guide assembly for fishing rods, a line guide ring made of an extremely hard material such as ceramics is suspensorily upheld within a fixing ring made of an elastic metallic material such as stainless steel while leaving a plurality of separate gaps between the two rings which function as a shock absorber and omission of the conventionally use intermediate cushion ring successfully minimizes the entire size and weight of the line guide assembly while allowing easy and smooth passage of fishing lines.

Abstract: A fish lure is formed of an elongated strip. A central section of the strip is twisted so that the flat leading and trailing end portions are rotated 90.degree. with respect to each other. The combined spinning and zig-zag action of the lure is both obtained and controlled by the location of the twisted portions in the strip, the relative sizing of the twisted and flat portions, and the size of the end portions with respect to each other. The length of the twisted section which provides the action, approximates that of the trailing end portion, which acts as a stabilizing rudder. The length of the leading end portion is about one fourth that of the trailing end portion to improve the balance between the end portions and the twisted central portion.

Abstract: The carrier has a stiff wire bent to form belt-receiving loops and a frame for supporting a wire mesh fabric bait container having an opening therein. A flexible cloth fabric, such as the upper 4 to 6 inches of a man's heavy nylon stocking, covers the opening and has an access opening therein bordered by a pair of opposed lip portions. Tension springs secured to respective lip portions hold the lip portions together to normally close the access opening and thus prevent escape of the bait, while permitting ready access thereto.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved bug catcher which enables a person to capture an insect without killing or injuring it in order that he may set the insect free outdoors. The improved bug catcher includes a platform member and a semispherical member which is mechanically adapted to be enclosed by the platform member. The improved bug catcher also includes a first elongated member which is mechanically coupled to the platform member at one end and a second elongated member which is mechanically coupled to the semispherical member at one end. The improved bug catcher further includes a hinge which pivotally couples the ends of the two elongated members which are oppositely disposed to the ends thereof to the platform member and the semispherical member. The semispherical member is generally formed from a clear plastic in order to allow the person to view the entrapped insect.

Abstract: A toy for accelerating unpowered toy vehicles along a roadway, the accelerator having a base with a roadway portion formed therein, the base having opposing elongate slots on either side of the roadway portion with vehicle engaging rollers rotatably mounted within the base and extending through the slots for engaging the vehicles sides. An air pump is provided, depression of which operates turbine means coupled to drive the rollers in opposite directions.

Abstract: A toy blood pressure monitoring device for simulating the blood pressure monitoring instrument used by doctors. The device comprises a housing having a diaphragm on one side and a pressure indicating scale on the other side. A fan is mounted for rotation within the housing and has a pointer coupled to the fan and coacting with the scale. A manually squeezable air impelling bulb is coupled to the housing and adapted when squeezed to substantially simultaneously direct a pulse of air against the fan and diaphragm. The air pulse imparts a rotative movement to the pointer over the pressure reading scale to simulate a blood pressure reading. The pulse of air further deflects the diaphragm which if held against a person's arm simulates the person's heart pulse beat.

Abstract: A planter box for bathrooms is provided wherein a specially adapted planter structure is constructed for positioning atop the flush tank of conventional commodes in place of the cover therefor. The box includes drainage ports depending from the lower portion thereof for fluid flow communication into the commode tank. The box is constructed to matingly mount atop the commode tank to serve as a lid therefor. The drainage ports thereof are provided with a mesh screen or the like and a replaceable filter to prevent the transfer therethrough of the soil and related material housing the plants therein. A small hand pump is provided in conjunction with the planter box to siphon water from within the commode tank for being dispersed upon the plants within the box. In this manner, selected plants may be displayed and cared for in the bathroom without concern of transferring water thereto and/or the drainage therefrom.

Abstract: Disclosed is a structure of a lower frame for a pivoted window, which prevents intrusion of rain water into the room. The lower frame has a grooved section, and a rotation shaft is mounted on the bottom plate of the groove portion to support the pivoted window. Ventilation holes are formed in a space defined by the lower frame and a lower rail of the pivoted window so that the ventilation holes are communicated with outer air and generation of a negative pressure in the above-mentioned space is prevented.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing fins or flash from foundry sand cores, including a conveyor transporting the sand cores, means mounted above the conveyor for delivering a falling curtain of core cleaning material, such as metal shot or metal grit particles, from a reservoir onto the cores for removing the fins, means for separating the core cleaning material from loosened sand, and means for loading the reservoir with separated core cleaning material so the shot or grit can be reused. A single vacuum source and interconnecting conduits provide means for: (1) separating the shot/grit core cleaning material from loosened sand; (2) loading the reservoir with the separated shot/grit; and (3) transferring the separated loosened sand for use as needed.

Abstract: A power driven lapidary device for use in automatically grinding a sheet rock blank that has a generally elliptical shape to that of a cabichon, with the ground cabichon conforming in configuration to that of a cabichon-shaped rigid pattern. Both the blank and the cabichon-shaped pattern are concurrently subjected to rotation and to two rocking motions, with the blank being in abrasive contact with a grinding wheel, and the pattern being in rotatable and slidable contact with a rigid, curved, vertically extending surface that has substantially the same radius of curvature as the outer periphery of the grinding wheel with which it is aligned. By adjusting the curved surface relative to the pattern the transverse cross-section to which the blank is ground to a cabichon configuration may be controlled.

Abstract: An abrasive blasting apparatus comprising: supply means for supplying abrasive particles, and a rotatable impeller for blasting the abrasive particles supplied from this abrasive supply means onto a workpiece, the impeller having a plurality of vanes arranged in mutually spaced relationship around a rotation axis of the impeller, each of the vanes having a surface containing a first axis inclined with an angle of 25.degree.-65.degree. relative to said rotation axis and a second axis inclined with an angle of 40.degree.-80.degree.

Abstract: A simple molded plastic sales kiosk design is described having a unique closure means. The kiosk has a fixed substantially spherical shell member mounted on a cylindrical base. This fixed shell member is truncated by a vertical chordal plane in the region of the central axis, extending between the top of the shell and a horizontal serving counter mounted in an intermediate region of the shell. This serving counter is annular and extends between the vertical truncated edges of the shell. For entry into the kiosk, a gap is provided in the serving counter adjacent one of the vertical truncated edges. An outer shell including a spherical segment portion merging into a chordal skirt portion is mounted for rotation on and surrounding the fixed shell.

Abstract: Anchor rods are protected against corrosion by inserting sealant within an anchor eye cap recess and bottom nut recess before fastening the eye and anchor member to the rod. Protective rod covering also is within the recesses.

Abstract: An inexpensive detachable insulating cover assembly for greenhouses and similar heated structures, using plastic cover sheets for the creation of an enclosed insulating layer, the sheets being held in place by means of rows of manually clampable and releasable fastener assemblies. A typical fastener assembly consists of a fastener base, preferably glued to a structural member of the greenhouse, and a fastener cap which is insertable over and lockable against an upstanding central stem of the fastener base, thereby clamping the cover sheet between cooperating clamping flanges. The locking action between the fastener base and fastener cap may be obtained with the aid of screw-type cam surfaces or friction surfaces. The edges of the cover sheets are folded back to form sealing lips.

Abstract: A process for wrapping articles and providing a reclosable plastic container is disclosed. A plastic sheet is conveyed in a feed direction and a stiff closure member is aligned with the plastic sheet substantially parallel to the feed direction. The article to be wrapped is fed into the plastic sheet and one side of the plastic sheet is folded over the article and alongside the closure member. The other side of the plastic sheet is folded alongside the closure member in the opposite direction so that portions of the plastic sheet alongside the closure member face each other. Portions of the platic sheet facing each other on opposite sides of the closure member are heat sealed so as to enclose the closure member within heat sealed portions of the plastic sheet. The overfolded plastic sheet is heat sealed and cut transversely to form the container.

Abstract: A method for making packaged gel refrigerant. Polyethylene tubing having a gusset fold along each side edge is cut off in desired lengths and one end of each is heat-sealed. A metered amount of dry, powdered gel base is inserted, and the other end of the bag is then heat-sealed to provide a closed and sealed bag containing the gel base. The bags may then be shipped to a remote location. There a hollow needle is moved to pierce the bag contents through the gusset fold and next to an upper sealed end, the cut leaving a small plastic flap still attached to the bag. A jet of a metered amount of water under high pressure is then sent through the needle to combine with the powder in the lower part of the bag, and then the needle is removed, the cut flap closing most of the needle-entry opening. The water and powder are then mixed together away from that opening, the freshly formed and still forming flexible gel being thereafter distributed substantially evenly throughout the bag.

Abstract: An improved bagging machine for the packaging of powdered materials is provided which avoids soiling the lips of the bags with material which would interfere with the sealing of the bags. The bagging machine comprises a station for gripping and opening the bags having suckers connected to a vacuum source, a filling station including a product inlet chute connected to a measuring means, means for opening and closing the orifice of the chute and for inserting this orifice into the open mouth of the bags and for applying the lips of the latter sealingly against the chute. Means are provided for compacting the material and means for sucking out the air contained inside the bags being filled, a station for closing the bags by welding and/or sewing, means for holding the bags by suspension and for transferring them from one station to the next, and means for synchronizing and sequencing the various movements and operations are also provided.

Abstract: A roll opening device is provided for a hay harvesting machine of the type having a wheel supported main frame and a laterally elongated crop harvesting header mounted to the frame by pivotal linkage, the header having a fixed lower conditioning roll and an upper roll mounted on lever arms pivoted on said header and biased by tension spring to an operating position adjacent the lower roll. A toggle link is pivotally mounted to the header at each end of the roll adjacent the roll lever arms and is connected thereto. Tensile members interconnect the free ends of the toggle links with the frame so that when the header is raised to the transport position, the tensile members open the rolls against the force of the tensioning springs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for harvesting tobacco wherein the apparatus includes a tobacco harvester having a stalk cutting head comprised of two sets of generally vertically spaced circular saw blades disposed in side-by-side relationship that are adapted during harvesting to cut standing tobacco stalks into relatively short stalk sections. Tobacco leaf material extending from the cut stalk sections remain generally intact with the cut stalk sections such that during harvest the tobacco crop material is harvested in a manner such that the respective stalk sections and tobacco leaf material are harvested together in one operation.

Abstract: A crop harvesting machine has a crop harvesting header, a mobile frame and improved header stabilizing system. The frame is adapted to move across a field in a forward direction and includes upper frame structure extending transversely to the forward direction and a lower wheel frame assembly. The assembly includes a transverse cylindrical member being rotatably mounted to and supporting the upper frame structure. Lift means is provided, being actuatable for moving the lower assembly, and thereby rotating the cylindrical member thereof, relative to the upper frame structure to effectuate raising of the upper frame structure and the cylindrical member relative to the field. A header suspension and lift means includes upper means pivotally interconnecting an upper portion of the header with the upper frame structure and lower elongated means pivotally interconnecting a lower portion of the header with the cylindrical member of the wheel frame assembly.

Abstract: A crop harvesting machine has a crop harvesting header, a mobile frame and improved header stabilizing system. The frame is adapted to move across a field in a forward direction and includes upper frame structure extending transversely to the forward direction and a lower wheel frame assembly. The assembly includes a transverse cylindrical member being rotatably mounted to and supporting the upper frame structure. Lift means is provided, being actuatable for moving the lower assembly, and thereby rotating the cylindrical member thereof, relative to the upper frame structure to effectuate raising of the upper frame structure and the cylindrical member relative to the field. A header suspension and lift means includes upper means pivotally interconnecting an upper portion of the header with the upper frame structure and lower elongated means pivotally interconnecting a lower portion of the header with the cylindrical member of the wheel frame assembly.

Abstract: A mobile hedge trimming machine including a two-wheeled carriage which supports a generally vertical, movable and tiltable base assembly, which in turn supports a motor driven hedge trimmer. Angularly displaced from the vertically oriented base assembly is a control column upon which there is located a control handle assembly by which the carriage is moved along a hedge by an operator, and by which the hedge trimmer is oriented both in elevation and tilt.

Abstract: Method of and apparatus for spinning yarn of staple fiber in an air vortex in a spinning tube. Separated fibers are withdrawn from the spinning tube in counterdirection to a whirling flow of air produced in a pneumatic chamber coupled to the spinning tube. The yarn being built is twisted in the pneumatic twisting chamber by means of concentric air streaming producing an excited potential air vortex about the longitudinal axis of said pneumatic twisting chamber and about the yarn passing therethrough.The apparatus is characterized in that a surface of revolution defining the cavity of said chamber is formed by a peripheral surface on which at least one duct opens for supplying pressure air and which merges into lateral surfaces which, beginning from the widest portion of said peripheral surface, converge up to a distance of a gap between an outflow aperture of an outflow tube and an outflow aperture of a yarn take-off tube.

Abstract: A digital display type electronic watch having a stopwatch function and comprising a display adapted for selective indication by the common display of horological information in a normal operation mode and chronometrical information in a stopwatch mode, characterized in that a corner for counting the clock pulses for measuring time in the stopwatch mode is divided into two groups for the more and less significant digit portions of the chronometrical information, a gate is provided for selectively and sequentially applying the said more and less significant digit portions of the chronometrical information to the display in the stopwatch mode, and a control signal generator is provided such that a first and second operations of a switch defines initiation and termination of the counting operation by said counter, a further operation of the switch triggers a timer providing an output for a predetermined time period which output is applied to said gate, whereby the gate is switched such that the displayed portion

Abstract: In an automatic winding mechanism for a wristwatch, the motion of the oscillating off-center rotor is transmitted to a ratchet wheel which drives a planetary reduction gear winding the mainspring, by means of an improved single piece rocking arm. The rocking arm is made from a single stamping and includes spring loaded pawls, tabs to support it in place, and a spring clip retaining the off-center rotor in its bushing.

Abstract: Combustion system for gas turbines and the like, comprising an outer shell connected to a source of pressurized air and surrounding a flame tube which comprises a combustion chamber and a mixing chamber defined within a double wall construction comprising an outer wall and an inner wall forming an annular cooling jacket axially surrounding the mixing chamber. A portion of the pressurized air is directed radially into the mixing chamber through a plurality of nozzles which are spaced about the cooling jacket, while another portion of the air is passed into said annular jacket through apertures in the outer wall alternating with and spaced a distance from said nozzles to produce a plurality of diverging high velocity peripheral streams which sweep and cool the walls of the jacket preliminary to being passed into the mixing chamber through apertures in the inner wall which are aligned with said nozzles.

Abstract: One component, such as a rear cowling of a turbojet engine nacelle, is held o another component, such as a flange of the engine housing, by a plurality of lockbolts. The lockbolts are synchronously controlled to effect attachment or detachment of the cowling or other component. Each lockbolt includes a strap which may be fixed with respect to the stationary component such as the flange. Each lockbolt also includes a tie bar having a hook at one end for cooperation with the associated strap and a pivot shaft at the other end. The pivot shaft rides in a slide track which may be disposed in a second support attached to the removable component. There is a moving part which may be carried by the second, stationary support, the moving part including a cam which cooperates with the pivot shaft of the tie bar to impart translational movement to the tie bar. The cam has a dwell portion which enables the moving part to move beyond the position at which the hook of the tie bar is fully withdrawn.

Abstract: An air control valve for use in the exhaust emission control system of an internal combustion engine as used for example, in a vehicle, the air control valve, which is adapted to perform three functions, includes a divert timing switching diaphragm assembly which provides the standard diverter valve function during engine warmup and also controls port air injection during all mid-power conditions, a second diaphragm valve assembly that is operative to provide for secondary air by-pass during high engine load or power operating conditions and, a third diaphragm valve assembly adapted to provide secondary air by-pass during low engine load or vehicle cruise conditions.

Abstract: The hydraulic machine comprises an outer rotor, rotatably mounted around a longitudinal axis and connected, through an input shaft, to a driving motor, and an inner rotor mounted at the interior of the outer rotor, rotatable around a transverse axis, and connected, through a gear drive, to an auxiliary shaft coaxial to the input shaft. A hydraulic circuit is arranged at the interior of the inner rotor, and it presents an active circuit consisting of a pipe winding. The ends of the hydraulic circuit are connected, through rotary connections, to a fixed outflow and a fixed inflow connection. Upon rotation of the outer rotor and of the inner rotor around their respective axis, the inner rotor is subjected to a field of accelerations of Coriolis which generates between the ends of the active circuit a substantially sinusoidally varying pressure difference.

Abstract: The invention provides a pressure flow control valve for a booster steering system which effects an extended traverse of movement of concentric coacting valve sleeves relative to each other by a combined axial and rotary movement of the inner sleeve in order to smooth out the flow under control in pressurizing a servomotor, thus achieving an improved, or flatter, regulation curve characteristic, wherein a safe road reaction resistance to steering is effected, and wherein undesirable pressure fluctuations in the system are minimized as compared with prior art valving to reduce compressional vibration in the hydraulic system.

Abstract: A load responsive fluid power multiple load control system using load responsive direction and flow control valves in combination with pump flow control responding to highest system load. Each direction flow control valve is equipped with a load responsive negative load control to control a constant pressure differential at the motor exhaust. The negative load responsive control of each direction control valve blocks the pump flow to the motor while controlling negative load, providing the motor inlet with fluid from the motor exhaust.

Abstract: A vehicle drive system including a wheel adapted to at least partially propel a vehicle over underlying terrain and a hydraulic motor coupled to the wheel to drive the same. A flow and pressure compensated pump has an output for providing hydraulic fluid under pressure to the motor and includes a control system having an input for receiving a hydraulic signal and for controlling pressure and flow output characteristics of the pump. A manually settable, pressure reducing valve interconnects the pump output and the control system input to provide a substantially constant, but adjustable, pressure signal to the control system so that output pressure from the pump to the motor may be controlled independently of loading on the motor to set the maximum torque delivery of the motor at a desired value.

Abstract: An auxiliary hydraulic fluid circuit for purging air from a hydraulic brake system in either an agricultural or industrial type of tractor vehicle by diverting hydraulic fluid through the auxiliary circuit from the hydraulic power system of the tractor into the hydraulic brake system. The fluid diverted into the brake system is observed flowing, through transparent means in conduits comprising the auxiliary circuit, until the fluid flow is clear, to the reservoir of the hydraulic power system. At which event, the brake system is now purged of air and the hydraulic circuit is disconnected between the tractor hydraulic power and brake systems.

Abstract: A hot-gas engine having a heat insulating lining of loose grains surrounding the hot working medium spaces of the cylinder and the regenerator housing.

Abstract: By comparing with the magnitude of a sea-level reference parameter, an electrical parameter in a pressure-temperature sensor or sensors coupled to the air induction system of an internal combustion engine, particularly a turbocharged engine, a control signal may be derived which will automatically adjust the flow of exhaust gas to the turbocharger and will automatically result in constant engine power from sea level to a critical altitude.

Abstract: Control of the throttle pressure in a drum boiler-turbine system is accomplished by controlling the rate of fuel feed with a cascade control system. When fuel feed cannot be directly measured, but is computed from boiler output, the controllers in the system are decoupled to prevent their interaction. The primary control responds to throttle pressure deviation to produce a heat release demand signal which is compared to the calculated heat release. A signal produced by summing components of the heat release calculation, namely steam flow and rate of change of drum pressure, is used to cancel out any contribution to the input to the primary controller by changes in throttle pressure resulting from disturbances in the fuel feed, which disturbances will be corrected by the secondary or fuel feed controller.