Abstract: A latch device latches a fast forward button when the same is depressed. A sensor releases the latch device and thereby the fast forward button upon sensing a blank area on a magnetic tape. The latch device comprises a ferromagnetic lever which is pivotally connected to the fast forward button and is engageable with a magnet when the fast forward button is in the depressed position. The lever is configured to provide a mechanical advantage for holding the fast forward button in the depressed position. The magnet may be an electromagnet which is de-energized when the sensor senses the blank area on the tape. Alternatively, the magnet may be a permanent magnet and an electromagnet provided to neutralize the force of the permanent magnet on the lever when the electromagnet is energized.

Abstract: A dynamo-electric machine is provided with a protective circuit arrangement whereby the machine is caused to be switched off if a short circuit current flowing in the machine exceeds a predetermined level.False operation of the protective circuit is avoided by incorporating a discriminating circuit which is able to distinguish the phase angle between the current and the voltage. This causes the protective circuit to trip for an over load current where the phase angle difference is small and the power factor near unity, which occurs with resistive fault situations; and not to trip where the phase angle difference is high, and thus there is a low power factor indicating a reactive condition, which occurs on start-up of the machine. A machine is able to run more safely as a result.

Abstract: Where multiple bypass circuits are provided across the protected equipment and have different sensitivity to overvoltages, the more sensitive trigger gap circuit branch is coupled to the high voltage main spark gap by means including a pulse transformer to boost the voltage across the main gap rapidly upon firing of the trigger gap so that the trigger gap can be at a highly sensitive overvoltage level to minimize further any danger of transient mechanical subsynchronous shocks to the rotating shafts of large generators in a transmission system, while retaining the ability of delayed reclosing of the trigger gap branch following its operation to immunize it against post reinsertion transient voltages.

Abstract: A resistor, a DC source and a current converter are connected in series between one terminal of the field winding and the ground. When a ground fault occurs on the field winding, it is detected by the output of a voltage detector connected across the resistor or the output of the current converter, and an alarm device is operated. At the same time, another resistor is connected between the other terminal of the field winding and the current converter through a switch, and the magnitude of the ground fault is calculated by the outputs of the voltage detector and of the current converter before and after closure of the switch. When the magnitude of the ground fault is large the generator is disconnected.

Abstract: A surge voltage arrester having two concentrically arranged electrodes separated from each other by a discharge space and insulated from each other by a hollow insulating body outside the discharge space has an electrically conductive layer on the interior surface of the insulating body.

Abstract: A system for electrostatic deposition of a coating on an article from a charging device includes a direct current high voltage supply having first and second terminals across which the high voltage is impressed. The article to be coated is held at a potential substantially equal to the potential on one of the high voltage terminals. The article is suspended for relatively free movement toward and away from the device. The system includes a high-speed switch coupled between the high voltage terminals and a control circuit for controlling the switch. A sensing resistor in the high voltage output circuit monitors the current between the high voltage terminals. The control circuit includes a slope-detecting or fixed difference circuit responsive to the sensed current to detect too-rapid changes therein, such changes being indicative of close proximity of the article to the charging device and the possibility of high voltage arcing therebetween.

Abstract: A unit is disclosed for individually controlling power to multiple loads, such as lights. The unit has multiple phase control channels, each having thyristor control of current to the load, triggered by a ramp-and-pedestal firing circuit employing a unijunction transistor with a capacitor at its emitter. The system has a circuit providing a pulse to all of the firing circuits to discharge the capacitor synchronous with the AC line. Another circuit generates a sinusoidal compensating signal for all of the firing circuits.Each of the load channels has its own power control. In addition, a master control allows the power on all channels to be changed together, with the proportion of power in each channel set by its individual control.The unit is housed in a box having a base sheet shaped to form front, bottom and rear walls, with side walls attached at opposite edges of the base sheet.

Abstract: An electrical circuit device having a substrate including circuit components on at least one side thereof and a plurality of through openings in the substrate. Terminal leads are positioned in the openings each with a deformation intermediate the ends of the leads and spaced internally of the opening from a soldered area at the juncture of the exposed portion of the leads and the termination edge of the substrate. Two methods of assembly of leads to the substrate are also disclosed.

Abstract: Certain structures are described for solid state electrical switches which employ electrochromic material. These structures involve use of a common base contact for both switching and readout circuits. The structures are particularly easy to fabricate using integrated circuit techniques and exhibit reduced electrical shorts due to reduced migration of metallic ions.

Abstract: A luminaire includes a rectangular casing having side walls extending forwardly from a rear wall. A hand grip is adjustably secured to one side wall so that the casing can be held in one hand of a user, and a shaft is rotatably mounted in the casing and projects outwardly through such one side wall. A handle is secured to the projecting end of the shaft, adjacent the hand grip. A lamp socket is mounted on the shaft intermediate its ends and a lamp is mounted upright in the socket. A reflector assembly is interchangeably mounted in the casing and includes a small diameter inner parabolic reflector, a large diameter outer parabolic reflector coaxial with the inner reflector, and a transition zone interconnecting the reflectors.

Abstract: An electronic, battery-operated candle using an electric lamp incorporates a light-activated silicon control rectifier circuit which permits the candle to be ignited or turned on by another candle or other external light source. The electronic candle also includes an air-pressure switch located near the electric lamp which permits the candle to be extinguished by blowing at the candle head which houses said lamp and switch. The device is so constructed that it may be easily disassembled for removal and replacement of batteries and bulb without disturbing the other circuit components.

Abstract: A fisherman's appliance to aid in attracting fish to a baited fish hook or artificial lure having a pair of spaced non-transparent circular plates between which is disposed an electric lamp bulb for directly illuminating surrounding water in which the appliance is suspended radially and horizontally outwardly from the appliance and in a relatively narrow vertical beam above and below the level of the appliance in the water.

Abstract: A lens casting or housing provides a series of grooves for selective mounting of various lenses to achieve various beam spreads. By spacing lenses in the housing, it is possible to reduce the diameter and thickness of the lens nearer the light source with consequent improvement in thermal characteristics as well as efficiency in light transmission.

Abstract: A voltage power supply, particularly one which is especially suitable for providing a relatively high DC voltage output of rapidly changing amplitude adapted to drive a cathode ray tube (CRT), is disclosed herein. This voltage supply includes circuitry adapted for connection to a relatively low amplitude (actually magnitude) DC voltage input for first converting this input to an AC voltage output and then converting the AC voltage output to a DC drive voltage having a fixed amplitude substantially higher than the DC voltage input. This higher amplitude DC voltage is applied to voltage varying circuitry, specifically a pullup and pulldown circuit arrangement, for producing at its output an adjustable DC output voltage having an amplitude which does not exceed the amplitude of the drive voltage. A voltage adjusting circuit is connected to this latter circuit arrangement and is also adapted for connection to a coded signal for rapidly changing the amplitude of the adjustable output voltage in response thereto.

Abstract: A small lightweight power-supply device a d.c. motor powered either by the a.c. supply voltage or by an accumulator battery which dissipates little power and has a well-defined output characteristic for a wide range of input voltages.The device comprises a flyback converter, the forward sweep time being a function of the output voltage and the current through the primary winding of the transformer of the flyback converter. The forward sweep time is controlled by a control circuit which is integrated for the greater part. There is provided a starting circuit. A level detector in the control circuit ensures that this circuit is activated only when its supply voltage, which is applied via the secondary winding of the transformer, is sufficiently high.

Abstract: A full-wave rectifier is disclosed for rectifying low level A.C. input signals. In the disclosed embodiment, the rectifier includes first and second differential amplifiers, each constructed of a pair of transistors. One transistor in each pair of transistors has a D.C. operating point offset from that of the other transistor so that the offset transistor conducts only on an excursion of a given polarity of a received A.C. input signal. Both output currents of the offset transistors are coupled to a load, across which a fully-rectified version of the A.C. input signal is developed.

Abstract: There is provided, in accordance with the present invention, apparatus comprising a shared random access memory in which is stored requests for access to data in a bulk memory unit. The data being stored in redundant storage areas and the requests stored in the RAM include the address of the redundant data. Means are provided for determining if that data request is already in progress through one of the redundant addresses. The first of the addresses accessed causes the others to be blocked to prevent multiple accessing of the same data. The checking and selection is accomplished by high speed logic circuitry.

Abstract: A pipelined data processing system having n processing stages, each of which is under the control of a central microprogram. Each microprogram instruction is decoded to produce n control signals, one for each processing stage. Microprogram start addresses are generated by combining information from the latest n program instructions received. Thus, each microprogram sequence implements a combination of phases of successive program instructions. A flag register is used to store relatively static control information, and effectively provides an extension of the microprogram instruction.

Abstract: A control panel which provides an interface to a digital computer, and which comprises at least a data input device such as a keyboard and a data output device such as an alphanumeric display or a light emitting diode display, is tested without the use of the digital computer. The digital computer is disconnected or bypassed and the timing and other functions of the computer are simulated to enable an independent test of the data input device and the data output device which make up at least a part of the control panel.

Abstract: A digital analyzer for determining the liquidus temperature of metals and alloys comprising a converter of the actual temperature of metals and alloys to a digital pulse code which is connected via a synchronization unit to a reversible counter and to a discriminator of local temperature increments. Outputs of the converter are connected to reset inputs of a first time interval discriminator and to reset inputs of a second time interval discriminator. Count inputs of the first and second time interval discriminators are connected via the synchronization unit to a clock pulse generator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for controlling the operation of a reforming furnace used to decompose at least a portion of a feed stream. A byproduct fuel from subsequent process steps, which is a result of decomposition of the feed in the reforming furnace, is used as one fuel source to fire the reforming furnace. A supplemental fuel such as natural gas is used as a supplemental fuel source to fire the furnace. The control system provides a prediction of the heat required to decompose the feed in the furnace. The amount of heat which can be supplied by the byproduct fuel stream is then determined. This amount of heat is subtracted from the total predicted heat required and sufficient supplemental fuel is supplied to make up the difference between the predicted required heat and the heat which can be supplied by the byproduct fuel stream.The control system also monitors the temperature of the effluent flowing from the reforming furnace.

Abstract: Apparatus for controlling the discharge temperature of thermal fluid presented from a common thermal source to one or more HVAC systems in a network, each HVAC controlling the volume of thermal fluid circulating therethrough by regulating the valve position of HVAC valve apparatus over a valve position range from a full closed position to a full open position in dependence on the thermal energy level required by one or more temperature regulated living spaces associated with each HVAC, the apparatus including electronic processing means in combination with dedicated temperature and valve position sensing apparatus for providing actual position signals for each fluid valve apparatus and an actual source discharge temperature signal, the electronic processing means determining the magnitude of the greatest thermal energy demand within a short term interval in dependence on the most open of the actual valve position signals and providing modulation of the source discharge temperature over the short term interval

Abstract: A method of adjusting a mix of a previously recorded multi-track tape by displaying a plurality of fader levels associated with said previously recorded mix of said tape; displaying a plurality of fader levels associated with present levels of fader controls of a recording console; adjusting at least some of said display console fader levels to equal at least some of said corresponding displayed previously recorded fader levels, and in one form of the invention the further step of displaying said previously recorded fader levels and said console fader levels comprising positioning corresponding levels of said previously recorded fader levels in side-by-side relationship with said console fader levels, whereby comparison of said fader levels may be readily accomplished. Suitable apparatus is disclosed to carry out the foregoing.

Abstract: Article orientation determining apparatus is exemplified in apparatus for determining if the tip ends of corn cobs are leading or trailing as they advance toward a kernel cutter head. The cobs pass between a column of sequentially pulsed radiation emitters and corresponding detectors which scan successive slices of the article and develop binary data indicative of the number of emitters that are unblocked during each scan. A computer uses the data to determine orientation and provides signals for controlling devices that act on misoriented articles. Means are provided for reversing the machine to clear a jam condition, for setting the number of reversals, for setting minimum acceptable cob length, for testing operation and for performing other functions. The scanner head is constructed to resist hostile environmental conditions.

Abstract: An oil drilling rig includes a racker, a power tongs, a drawworks having a motor and a brake, and a general purpose programmable digital computer associated with each to sequentially initiate the operation thereof. Closed-loop control systems for the drawworks motor and drawworks brake are included to provide control signals to a motor drive and to a brake actuator.

Abstract: An adaptable programmable calculator is provided by employing modular read-write and read-only memory units capable of being expanded to provide the calculator with additional program and data storage functions oriented towards the environment of the user, a central processing unit, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The memory, central processor, and input-output control units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit.

Abstract: The specific disclosure is directed to a catalytic cracking model wherein the reactant and product species are lumped according to molecular type and boiling range. The specific invariant lumping scheme includes paraffins, naphthenes, aromatic rings, and aromatic substituent groups.

Abstract: Apparatus, useful in signal processing, and which can be used for modulo (2.sup.n -1) addition, subtraction, coding, and decoding, has a plurality of 2n input means: n means for receiving a signal I.sub.0, I.sub.1, . . . , I.sub.n-1, and another n means for receiving a signal J.sub.0, J.sub.1, . . ., J.sub.n-1. A pluraity n of means, connected to the n I signal input means, may switch each input means so that it is connected alternately into one of two connecting points, a first and a second connecting point. A plurality n of means is connected to the n first connecting points, for inverting the polarity of a signal received at its input, the output of the inverting means being connected to its associated second connecting point. A plurality n of three input adding means, has one input connected to the output of the inverting means, and another being connected to an associated means for receiving a J signal, the means adding the two inputs.

Abstract: A programmable multiple parameter process controller is disclosed, which comprises a plurality of programmable units, and functions to monitor the relationship between a pre-selected parameter and a pre-selected value for that parameter and produces a pre-selected output upon the occurrence of the pre-selected condition. The process controller is programmed by the use of at least one keyboard or other input device which initiates at least one pulse generator and a sequence of pulse counters to generate and store a digital signal indicative of the desired programmed value.

Abstract: Data processing apparatus includes a storage circuit or memory, and an addressing circuit for identifying word locations within the storage circuit or memory into and from which a plurality of information items are to be written and read, respectively. A translating circuit is provided for successively shifting, in a write mode of operation, at least a portion of each information item so that it is stored in the storage circuit in a manner that the stored information item in each word location has a bit order different from that order of any other information item as stored in the storage circuit. In a read mode of operation, the translating or de-skewing circuit shifts the information items as read out from the storage circuit in a direction opposite to that imparted during the writing mode.

Abstract: A read only memory character generator system for generating dot print characters of a given font within a nine-column-by-nine-row dot matrix comprising a read only memory having a storage capacity of one byte per row of memory, the memory having a first memory means, a second memory means and a third memory means with the first memory means having nine memory row locations of memory storage devices for each character of the font to be printed, the memory storage devices at each successive row for each character being burned in pursuant to the dot matrix pattern for successive columns of dots of not more than eight rows for that given column of that given character, the second memory means having one memory row location of memory storage devices for each character of the font to be printed with the storage devices at each location being burned in pursuant to the dot matrix pattern of the remaining columns of the ninth row dot matrix pattern for not more than six columns of dots for the ninth row of one of sai

Abstract: An improved magnetic bubble domain chip and processes for making the chip are described. The chip is comprised of a magnetic bubble domain film in which small bubble domains can be moved, and overlying layers of metallurgy. The layer of metallurgy closest to the bubble film is an electrically conductive layer having apertures (or recesses) therein. This layer is patterned to provide current carrying conductors. The next overlayer is a layer of magnetic material having in-plane magnetization which is patterned to provide the propagation elements used to move the bubble domains. In a particular embodiment, the magnetic layer is comprised of a magnetically soft material, such as permalloy. The chip is characterized by the provision of insulating pedestals located in the apertures of the conductive layer. These insulating pedestals are located in the regions of the chip used for sensing (and/or bubble generation). That is, they take the place of the thick conductive material in those areas of the chip.

Abstract: In a field access type bubble memory system using a major loop-minor loop organization, redundant loops are included in each memory chip so that defective minor loops may be disregarded and the memory retain its nominal capacity. Thus, the total number of loops is in excess of the nominal capacity. In one form of the invention the redundant loops are included with the minor loops. In another form of the invention, the redundant loops are independent of the minor loops. A stationary register or flaw chain having at least as many storage locations as the number of minor loops is located on the bubble memory chip with the major and minor loops. Each register location is assigned to contain information with respect to an assigned corresponding minor loop.

Abstract: A conductor access, magnetic bubble memory is organized in a major-minor mode by including transfer locations in the conducting layers which define the normal bubble propagation implementation. An attractive partitioning of each of the two conducting layers permits the minor loops and the major loop to be operated synchronously or independently resulting in short duty cycles which permit low power operation to be achieved.