Abstract: A refrigeration system comprised of a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator, wherein the expansion valve includes a means for separating a gaseous phase refrigerant generated within the valve from a liquid phase refrigerant so as to feed the liquid phase refrigerant to an inlet of the evaporator and the gaseous phase refrigerant to an outlet of the evaporator.

Abstract: Ice cube making apparatus of the type having a vertically disposed evaporator plate with a lattice structure on side thereof in which cubes are formed as water runs down the plate. The ice making cycle is controlled by a timer which is actuated by a pressure responsive switch in the refrigerant line and, upon timing out of the ice forming portion of the cycle, hot gas is delivered to the evaporator to detach the ice slab from the evaporator plate and a mechanical harvest plunger applies a uniform force to the ice slab to overcome capillary forces retaining said ice slab on the evaporator plate.

Abstract: An energy efficient absorption refrigeration system is described that is mounted on a highway vehicle, such as a truck, and that is driven by the hot exhaust gases discharged from the engine. Eutectic plates are used as the evaporator section of the refrigeration system. A novel generator-analyzer is mounted between the engine and the muffler of the truck. An efficient absorbent recirculation loop improves the efficiency of this system. Control problems are minimized by incorporating eutectic plate storage systems with the efficient absorbent recirculation loop and compact generator-analyzer. The system is designed for a variety of refrigerant-absorbent combinations.

Abstract: A refrigerated display case having a mechanism for impeding the formation of condensation around the frame of the opening of the display case or at the junction of a door and a case frame of the display case. In one preferred embodiment, the ballast used in connection with the lights on commercial refrigerators and freezers are secured to the base in a manner which allows the heat generated by the ballast to be used to raise the temperature of the case frame. In another preferred embodiment the return conduit of the refrigeration system is employed adjacent the case frame for transferring heat from the refrigerant in the conduit to raise the temperature of the case frame as well as to increase the efficiency of the refrigeration system. In both of these embodiments, electrical resistance wires are included to supplement the heating provided by the ballast and the refrigeration system to ensure that condensation is prevented from forming on a frame or other desired portions of the case.

Abstract: A heat pump system is provided which uses a combination variable orifice valve means and check valve means in place of a separate thermal expansion valve and a separate check valve in parallel fluid flow relationship therewith to control flow between the indoor coil and the outdoor coil.

Abstract: A cold temperature chilling storage and transportation container specifically is used for fish. The space between double walls of regular or crosslinked polyethylene is filled with polyurethane foam. The outer bottom wall has nine legs formed integrally therewith. The inner bottom wall slopes to a recessed one inch opening in which a plug may be inserted. The upper half of the sidewalls extends outward about an inch and a half on each side so that empty containers may be telescoped. A cover overhangs the outer wall and has lower recesses to receive the sidewall. Nine upper recesses in the cover receive legs of the bottom wall for stacking the containers. The legs enable a forklift to be inserted from either side. A hollow double walled air manifold fits within the bottom and has a nipple to which an air hose may be connected. In use, ice is placed in the container, later, salt water and fish are added.

Abstract: A compression refrigeration system having means to pass the low pressure gas from the evaporator in heat exchange relationship with the high pressure liquid passing from the condenser to the expansion valve. The low pressure gas is passed in heat exchange relationship around the external casing of the receiver/drier, to maintain the receiver/drier at a lower temperature, assist in ensuring that the low pressure gas does not contain any unvaporized liquid, and to cool the high pressure liquid before passage to the expansion valve.

Abstract: A device for conducting cooling liquid out of a liquid cooled rotor type rotary electric machine in which a sealing means is provided for preventing the leakage of cooling liquid from an outlet chamber adapted to receive the cooling liquid discharged from the rotary electric machine. The sealing means employs a thread seal and a rubber seal in combination. The rubber seal is provided in such a manner as to surround a cooling liquid supplying and draining pipe and so that it is expanded or contracted according to the pressure of gas introduced inside the rubber seal to adjust the gap between the rubber seal and the pipe. The pressure of gas is controlled according to the speed of rotation of the rotor shaft or the amount of liquid leakage.

Abstract: A circular knitting needle includes two rigid tips interconnected by an intermediate flexible portion. Each of the tips is formed with a projection inserted into an elongated recess formed in each end of the intermediate portion. Each projection is provided with a lug having an outer cylindrical surface and each recess of the intermediate portion has three longitudinal contact surfaces which are in engagement with the outer cylindrical surface of the respective lug.

Abstract: This garment is knit exclusively of cotton yarn and has sufficient stretchability and recoverability to properly fit several body sizes. The garment comprises single courses of large stitch loops (courses C-1, C-3 and C-5) of cotton body yarn (C) alternating with single courses of small stitch loops (courses C-2, C-4 and C-6) of cotton body yarn (C) extending throughout the main body portion of the garment. The courses of large stitch loops provide stretchability to the garment and the courses of small stitch loops provide density and opacity to the garment.

Abstract: The triple layer fabric extends throughout at least a substantial portion of the foot portion and provides improved cushioning and moisture-absorbing characteristics thereto. The sock can be knit on a conventional hosiery knitting machine with very little modification being required. The inside and outside fabric layers of the foot are knit of hydrophobic yarn and the intermediate layer is knit at least in part of hydrophilic yarn so that moisture from the foot is wicked through the inner layer and into the intermediate layer where the moisture is absorbed and then wicked and evaporated through the outside layer. The triple layer in the foot of the sock maintains the foot of the wearer in a dry condition and provides cushioning for at least the ball and toes of the foot of the wearer.

Abstract: A reinforced toe with varying density is provided for hosiery articles such as sheer stockings, pantyhose and the like so that there is no sharply contrasting line of demarcation between the sheer fabric in the foot portion and the reinforced fabric in the toe pocket and while providing full reinforcement in the area of the toe pocket at the ends of the toes where the need is greatest. The reinforced toe is produced by knitting a reinforcing yarn in plated relationship with the body yarn in spaced-apart courses in a first group of courses adjacent the sheer foot and knitting the reinforcing yarn in more closely spaced courses of a second group of courses adjacent the closed end of the toe pocket. This arrangement provides a gradual or stepped transition from the sheer fabric of the foot to the relatively heavy fabric at the closed end of the toe pocket and provides the reinforced toe with varying or increasing fabric density from the foot to the closed end thereof.

Abstract: High performance apparatus for pattern dyeing of textile material by means of a plurality of controlled liquid dye streams. The textile material is conveyed in web form beneath one or more applicators each including a plurality of closely spaced nozzle tubes extending across the textile web. A dye source supplies dye under pressure through flexible tube portions to the nozzle tubes, the flexible tube portions permitting pinching for selective control of dye flow. For rapid and precise control of liquid dye streams, pinch tube valve assemblies are provided for each flexible tube portion for which control of dye flow is desired. A superior and effective pinch tube valve assembly is of the type generally including a valve block portion with a bore in the valve block portion receiving the corresponding dye delivery tube flexible portion.

Abstract: A code changing mechanism for padlocks of the type comprising code wheels and lock operating bushings releasably connected to the code wheels in which axial movement of the shaft disengages the bushings from the code wheels to permit changing of the code, and in which the long leg of the shackle has means for engaging the end of the shaft to move it axially to the disengaging position when the shackle is depressed into the body in an orientation other than the locking orientation. In one embodiment of the invention the shackle can be locked in the open position to prevent code changing without knowledge of the existing code.

Abstract: A magazine for a cash dispensing machine including a lock which can be activated at a loading station to trip if later tampered with thereby to prevent installation of the magazine.

Abstract: A dial and sleeve type combination lock is provided with a shift member to move the sleeves out of coupling engagement with the dials for changing the combination of the lock. The shift member includes a manual actuator portion extending through an opening in the face plate of the lock. Axial movement of the sleeves out of coupling engagement with the respective dials is effected through a camming action by moving the manual actuator portion in the opening axially in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the sleeves.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved construction for a cylinder lock and key, more particularly to a cylinder lock which has a plurality of pin tumblers of different lengths and diameters arranged radially about the axis of a rotatable cylinder, a pin tumbler longitudinally provided at the rear end of a stationary cylinder, a ball being further provided between said rotatable cylinder and stationary cylinder, and a matching key which comprises a tubular shank having thereon a plurality of depressions corresponding to said radially arranged pin tumblers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for beading canbodies, or like hollow members having at least one terminal end edge, a first annular end portion adjacent said terminal end edge, a second annular end portion adjacent said first annular end portion and a third annular end portion adjacent said second annular end portion. An inner forming means is placed within the canbody, said inner forming means having an annular inner forming surface in juxtaposition to said first annular end portion, an arcuate concave inner forming surface extending from said annular inner forming surface and in juxtaposition to said second annular end portion and a cylindrical inner support surface extending axially inward from said arcuate concave inner forming surface and in juxtaposition to said third annular end portion. An outer forming means is placed around the canbody, said outer forming means having an annular outer forming surface compatibly shaped and in radial alignment with said arcuate concave inner forming surface.

Abstract: An improved press brake plate lifter comprising a pneumatically operated support surface or table wherein the angle of the support surface can be accurately pre-adjusted to match the angle of the die. The pre-adjusted support surface is rotatably lifted simultaneously with the movement of the ram to preclude any back bending of the plate being formed.

Abstract: A force multiplier for a punch press which is sufficiently compact as to be placed in the normal throat opening of such press and yet enables the press to increase its working force by one and one-half to three times. The multiplier has a platen having a large diameter piston on its upper surface which piston has a sleeve on its upper surface, the outer surface of which is in engagement with a cylindrical wall in an upper base plate and the inner surface of which forms a cylinder wall for a second piston of smaller diameter which is engaged by the platen of the punch press.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for controlling the movement of a reciprocatory hydraulically driven element of a metal forming machine between extended and retracted positions. Two piston members, having different sized working areas are slidably mounted in two reservoirs which are in communication with one another at a location other than their respective inlets. The system provides fast and slow movement of the element utilizing a single source of pressurized hydraulic fluid.

Abstract: A pair of mass flow sensors are used to separately monitor the mass flow rates of a carrier gas and of a mixture of carrier gas and source vapor formed a mixing station. The rates are compared, for example by substracting the carrier gas flow rate from the mixture flow rate, to generate a signal representing the mass flow rate of the source vapor. Flow of the carrier gas to the mixing station is modulated in accordance with the difference between this signal and a command signal representing a predetermined flow rate. The system can be calibrated by flowing the carrier gas alone through both sensors, by passing the mixing station, and adjusting the signal for one or both sensors so that the signals from both sensors are equalized.

Abstract: By means of a suction pump located at the outlet of the analyzer device and a combination of choke members connected in parallel in a row and respective low pressure controllers at the outlet of the gas analyzer and at the connection point of the series connection and parallel connection of the choke members, a constant sample flow through the analyzer is produced. Thus, even where there is a fluctuating measuring gas pressure and a variable flow resistance in the inlet part of the gas analyzer, the proportionality of the measuring signal to the concentration of the measuring component is ensured.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for determining true cigarette filter rod pressure drop, especially of nonwrapped and soft wrapped filter rods when the circumference thereof is being compressed by an encapsulation method as by an elastic sleeve, the pressure drop and circumference of the elastic sleeve and the filter rod encapsulated therewithin being measured simultaneously, and then through a fifth power relation true pressure drop is determined.

Abstract: Apparatus for automatically recording the rate of fluid absorption of the soil includes three subsystems which may be easily assembled on site. During a test procedure the rate of descent of a float is recorded on a tape by a timer controlled marker.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for determining visco-elastic characteristics of specimens such as fluids and/or of polymerizing mixtures, especially of coagulation fluids such as blood or blood plasma, and their temporal changes by determining the resonance frequency and/or the amplitude of the resonance frequency of the oscillation system formed by a member and its elastic support which are stimulated for oscillation over a frequency range at least close to the natural or Eigen-frequency of the oscillation system. That member which is so stimulated is either a specimen container or a body therein, the other being fixed, so that there is relative motion between them. The determined resonance frequency amplitude relates to the viscosity of the specimen, while the position of the resonance frequency relates to the elasticity of the specimen and thus to the total elasticicty constant of the oscillation system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the moisture content of bulk material which involves placing a length of leaky co-axial cable in the bulk material so as to be buried therein and spaced from an electro-magnetic sensor in the region of interest. A signal of high frequency electro-magnetic energy is injected into the cable, and at least one of phase and time of arrival of the signal at the sensor with respect to the injected signal is measured and therefrom the moisture content of the material determined. The electro-magnetic sensor is preferably a second leaky co-axial cable buried in the bulk material and spaced a selected distance from the first coaxial cable and parallel thereto. The spacing therebetween the coaxial cables is in the range of one to fifty feet and the frequency of the electro-magnetic energy is in the range of 20-500 MHz.

Abstract: A system for inspecting the relatively long, thin-walled, small-bore tubes of a heat exchanger provided with support plates for holding the tubes in predetermined positions, comprising a composite scanner having a plurality of flexure springs contacting the interior surface of a tube for detecting and profiling tube abnormalities as the scanner traverses the tube and an eddy current sensor incorporated in the scanner for generating a unique signal as the scanner passes a contiguous support plate to assist in the accurate location of tube abnormalities.

Abstract: An apparatus is proposed for burnoff of deposits from at least hot wire and/or hot film resistors in the air flow rate measurement circuit of an internal combustion engine, wherein during the burnoff procedure a separate electric current circuit is furnished to provide for the resistors to be burned off with high electric currents. In one embodiment, the resistors to be burned off are placed in a separate current path between two operational voltage leads, while in another embodiment, that there is provided a parallel circuit arrangement of individual resistors to be burned off, whereupon the total electric current flow through the individual resistors is then seprately controlled in closed-loop fashion.

Abstract: A method of monitoring structural and mechanical properties of drilling mud and a device for realizing this method includes the determination of the viscosity of drilling mud via a viscosimeter and the determination of the shear strength of the mud via a shear strength measuring instrument, both of which have driven sensitive elements immersed in the drilling mud. The signals of the sensitive elements are converted by converters to indications of the parameters being measured and are compared. The sensitive elements are connected to the same pole of a power source. An electrode immersed in the drilling mud is connected to the opposite pole of the power source. The current flowing between the electrode and the sensitive elements is measured and, when the current is stabilized, the converters produce signals proportional to the viscosity and shear strength of the drilling mid.

Abstract: A system is provided for detecting the absence of liquid in a liquid chamber. A signal is transmitted through a liquid chamber and a signal is provided in response to the amplitude of the received signal. A receiving transducer receives an AC signal which is amplified and fed to a DC control circuit. A reference voltage is provided to one input of a comparator and the output of the DC control circuit is fed to the other input of the comparator. The comparator output provides the liquid absence signal if the difference between the reference voltage and the DC control circuit output voltage is less than a predetermined value.

Abstract: An electronic computer which provides an accurate final temperature reading prior to the actual stabilization of the temperature sensor. An algorithm is provided which allows making only two temperature measurements at preselected times yet accurately predicts the end stabilization temperature. A temperature resistance varying is converted to a temperature-frequency varying signal, clocked into an up/down counter, then displayed digitally. A thirty second timing sequence is also digitally displayed for use when the invention is utilized for medical applications.

Abstract: Tamper proof apparatus for verification that a critical temperature has been reached or exceeded includes a permanently sealed casing and cap containing a thermal element connected to a rotatable cam having a temperature indicator extending outwardly therefrom adapted to rest under a transparent window in the cap when critical temperature has been reached. Maximum and minimum temperature stops on the cap prevent movement of the indicator beyond preselected positions. An opening through the cap engages a removable shipping pin cooperating with either the maximum or minimum temperature stop to prevent movement of the indicator during shipment or storage. A locking spring connected to the cap traverses the lateral surface of the cam until the spring engages a shoulder formed in the cam. The shoulder and spring have, respectively, a first spur and a second spur that engage in permanently locked position when a critical temperature has been reached.

Abstract: For a dynamic balancing machine the values of parameters employed to determine the weight, rim spacing and diameter of a wheel are automatically entered into the balancing machine by a single maneuver of an extensible wand. This simplicity eliminates many opportunities for human error when obtaining the same information otherwise.

Abstract: An improvement in an ultrasonic imaging system is disclosed, enabling determination of volume and/or shape of three-dimensional portions of bodily tissue or the like.

Abstract: Safety ski bindings offer an adequate safeguard against erroneous release if they possess an adequately large resetting capacity. To test this resetting capacity, the ski boot is repeatedly displaced through a constant distance by a pressure pin applying a constant force thereto during constant time intervals. If the ski boot fails to return to its starting position during constant time intervals against a fixed resistance, then this is indicative of an inadequately large resetting capacity because the residual distances remaining after each displacement will be summated and eventually cause release of the binding.

Abstract: In a device for simultaneously measuring radial and axial forces with the aid of measuring positions (24, 25, 26, 27) arranged at roller bearings and formed by resistance strain gauges, possibilities for eliminating apparent axial forces, which could falsify the results of the measurements, are shown.

Abstract: A cassette for measuring the torque output of the tape drive of a cassette recorder and/or player has a housing with two hubs, to which the ends of a tape are connected. A slide is displaceable against the force of a spring and carries a tape-deflecting roller about which the tape is trained. The slide carries several pointers for movement with it. Several different exposed faces of the cassette housing have respective dials provided on or at them, and each pointer cooperates with one of these dials. Pull applied to the tape as a result of hub rotation by the tape drive of a machine being tested, causes the slide to be displaced from its rest position. The degree of this displacement is a function of the applied torque which can be read off all of the several dials. At least one of the dials will always be exposed for observation, irrespective of what particular type of cassette machine is being tested. Various modifications are also described herein.

Abstract: An automatic sampling apparatus for particles suspended in liquid, which maintains particles in suspension by periodically directing and redirecting the liquid first down one branch of a manifold and then down another, and which selectively directs the liquid toward one or more of a plurality of filters, engaging in both operations under the direction of a programmable process controller. Liquid flow rate through the filters is metered, providing information regarding flow rate and volume to the process controller. A minimum of manual handling is required and user exposure to the sampling environment, which may be radioactive, is reduced.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a device for extracting a sample of fluid from a hydraulic circuit having an extraction take-off, for detection of impurities.The device comprises in particular a body (10, 12) provided with a ferrule (14), capable of fitting on the take-off; a perforator (22) fixed on the ferrule (14) and provided with at least one orifice capable of distributing the fluid into the body; a carrier (26) capable of receiving a container (32) provided with a perforatable capsule (36) and a filtering membrane (40), the carrier being displaceable from one to the other of two positions, comprising an extraction position where the capsule (36) is perforated by the perforator (22) and where the fluid penetrates into the container (32), and a non-extraction position where the capsule (36) is not perforated by the perforator (22), and where the fluid runs out outside the container (32).

Abstract: A vibratory apparatus comprises a shaft mounted for rotation about an axis and having weight structure mounted thereon to effect vibration in response to shaft rotation. The shaft may be initially balanced or unbalanced. According to a first series of embodiments, secondary movable weight structure is mounted on the shaft for outward movement against spring action when the rotational shaft velocity reaches a predetermined magnitude to reduce vibration caused by the primary weight structure. In another embodiment, combined weight/spring structure is utilized for the same purpose. Various other types of springs may be used. In this manner the vibrational amplitude of the apparatus is caused to vary as a function of the rotational velocity of the shaft.

Abstract: A multiple speed transmission with a plurality of shafts and gears and divided into a number of shift units. Insofar as possible, the respective corresponding shafts and gears among the shift units have substantially the same pitch dimensions. In a multi-speed, single direction transmission, there are two gear and clutch carrying shafts. A clutch in one shift unit joins a gear fixed to the shaft of that shift unit with one or the other of two gears rotatable with respect to the shaft of that shift unit. An additional gear is fixedly mounted on the shaft. The two of such shift units are engaged with different respective ones of their gears being in direct or indirect engagement. For a reversing direction transmission, an intermediate, and therefore direction reversing, gear is interposed between the gears of one interengaged set of gears. In another embodiment, a direction reversing shift unit is connected to one of the two shift units of a single direction transmission.

Abstract: A pair of parallel lead screws are meshed with a pair of helical racks provided on opposite faces of a movable stage slidable on a flat or cylindrical base plate. The pair of parallel lead screws are driven by a pair of electric motors independently of each other. One of the helical racks has teeth extending in a direction to intersect with the teeth of the other helical rack. By selecting the direction of rotation of the pair of lead screws independently, the direction of movement of the stage can be selected. The stage may be made of a pair of plates having the helical racks on the inner or outer faces of the plates.

Abstract: A system of changing the travelling speed of a working vehicle in which a stepless speed-change means is operated by a pedal. Said system has a cam mechanism by which the pedal may be fixed at the desired position, and a first manual lever for operating this cam mechanism.

Abstract: A torsional vibration damper of the type having an inertia ring member and a hub member coupled together by an elastomer member. The hub member may be in the form of a disc and is adapted to be coupled to a rotating shaft subject to torsional vibrations, the elastomer and inertia ring member acting in a known manner to damp torsional vibrations. According to this invention a seal, termed a dust and oil slinger, is mounted on the hub. The seal overlies the elastomer and protects it from dust or other particles and from corrosive fumes and liquids. The seal may additional serve as a sacrificial member which will, in certain corrosive ambients, degrade prior to degradation of the elastomer connecting the hub and inertia ring. The seal is either integral with the working elastomer member, or is formed by adhering to the working elastomer member a sealing material of a different composition.

Abstract: A three-mode, hydromechanical transmission including a pair of hydraulic displacement units forming a hydrostatic transmission and having a first, low-speed hydrostatic mode and a second and third intermediate and high speed hydromechanical modes. In one embodiment, a pair of planetary gear sets are related to form a four-element differential and are associated with an input shaft and the hydrostatic transmission and brake and clutch means. The hydrostatic transmission drives an output shaft through a connection to one of the planetary gear sets, with the brake means engaged. A first clutch means in a drive train from the input shaft to one planetary gear set effects the second mode of operation with the brake disengaged and a second clutch means in a parallel drive train to another element of the planetary gear sets effects the third mode of operation, with the brake and first clutch means disengaged.

Abstract: A power transmission is provided characterized by smoothly and continuously variable gear ratios between the input and output shaft by incorporating a no-load restraint means for the ring gear of a ring, planetary and sun gear transmission system, the restraint comprising a wobble plate pump operative in a closed liquid circuit and driven by said ring gear to impose a restraint on same which varies according to an external control of the angle of the wobble plate and also including a second wobble plate pump in the same closed line or loop as the first pump and which is driven by the output shaft and whose liquid displacement capabilities per cycle is determined as a function of the wobble plate angle which may be controlled either manually or by the pressure at the liquid output line from the first pump.

Abstract: A control system for a hydraulically driven vehicle having a pair of variable displacement hydraulic pumps driven by an engine and a pair of hydraulic motors each being connected with the respective variable displacement hydraulic pumps in a closed loop and driven thereby. The control system comprises a pair of servo valves each for controlling the displacement of the respective variable displacement hydraulic pumps, a servo control valve for controlling the servo valve and a manually operated change-over valve connected with a fixed displacement charge pump and with the servo control valve, the change-over valve being normally held in a communication position and being adapted to be changed over to an offset position when operated where the output side of the fixed displacement charge pump is connected with a tank.

Abstract: There is disclosed a tool for stripping the insulating covering from a covered electrical wire which comprises one handle pivoted by means of a shaft to the other handle having a lower jaw at the leading end portion thereof and in which the leading portion of the main body of the tool has an electrical wire holding mechanism adapted to grip the wire upon closing of the two handles and cutting blades adapted to cut into and pull the cut insulator covering off of the core of the wire in the longitudinal direction of the handles upon the closing of the handles. The electrical wire holding mechanism and cutting blades project laterally of the handles.

Abstract: A large rectangular plate is subdivided into small rectangular sections in a system wherein the plate is fed stepwise in a main direction through an upstream shear while the downstream end portion of the plate is seized immediately downstream of the shear with each advanced step. Between the advanced steps the end portions are sheared off and then displaced in the main direction to the upstream end of a conveyor where they are deposited one after the other. The conveyor displaces the sheared-off end portions until each one is positioned above a respective aligner spaced apart in the main direction. The conveyor lowers these sections onto the aligners and the aligners then align them perfectly perpendicular to the main direction. The aligned and sheared-off end portions are then pushed jointly in a transverse direction perpendicular to the main direction stepwise to a downstream shear while they are supported and pneumatically seized at their downstream ends immediately downstream of the downstream shear.