Abstract: The apparatus disclosed is for lowering the temperature of articles in order to cool, supercool or freeze the articles, and it includes a low temperature box, means for conveying the articles through the box and means for lowering temperature in the box. The low temperature box is divided into a plurality of small chambers by separate walls each of which has at least one opening through which the articles are conveyed. The separate walls are spaced from each other along the article conveying path at predetermined intervals. The temperature lowering means is adapted to lower the temperature in each of the small chambers to a desired temperature.

Abstract: At one of the extremities of the bracelet, which is formed of two rows of rectangular side links (1,2) and of a middle row of rectangular wider links (3), is arranged an end piece (6) having the appearance of two side links and of a middle link. This piece (6) is fixed to a clasp (5) by the intermediary of a slide (7). The piece (6) presents a series of lateral holes and the slide a corresponding hole which one can bring, according to choice, face to face with one or the other of the holes of the piece (6) in order to exactly adapt the length of the bracelet to the wrist. A pin driven into the holes which coincide secures (6) and (7) with regard to one another. Thus finds itself made possible the precise adjusting of the length of bracelets with large rectangular links.

Abstract: A flexible shaft drive for drill chucks is disclosed. The flexible drive of the present invention comprises a flexible shaft for extending between an electric drill and a chuck for holding drills or other tools. A support sleeve is provided which encircles the chuck for rotatably supporting the chuck during use. In a preferred embodiment a bearing is interposed the chuck and the sleeve to aid in supporting the chuck during use.

Abstract: Circular knitting machine for producing artificial furs or pile fabric having combed-in fibres comprises a drive motor and at least a carding device, which has a drive member being in operative connection with the drive motor for supplying rotary movement to the rotatable parts of the carding device. In order to achieve that in the event of excessive load in the rotating parts at least the operation of the carding device is automatically suspended, according to the invention there is provided between the drive motor (6) and the drive member (25) an overload clutch (23) having a device (30, 63) for automatically stopping the drive motor (6) (FIG. 2) when the overload condition is reached.

Abstract: A laminated padlock includes a J-shaped shackle with a U-shaped locking plate and a T-shaped locking plate, the leg of the T-shaped locking plate being slidably fitted between the spaced legs of the U-shaped locking plate.

Abstract: A locking assembly for normally separable apertured structures which protect business fronts against burglary. The locking assembly includes a sturdy, straight pin which penetrates all apertures, and is part of a sturdy bracket which overlies a fixed standard or post. The arrangement is such as to permit a key operated locking device to lie flatly and directly upon the bracket so as to prevent removal of the bracket and its above mentioned pin. The overall arrangement is such as to guard against burglary by an unauthorized person using forceful tools, and to prevent access to the pin for the purpose of destroying or cutting it.

Abstract: A lock employing a lock cylinder protected by an outer escutcheon and positioned coaxially with a lock control mechanism and an inner doorknob. An outer doorknob is supported by the outer escutcheon and mounted on an axis which is offset with respect to the axis of the lock cylinder and inner doorknob. A cam and pushrod arrangement is utilized to transfer rotation of the outer knob to the lock mechanism. The encasing of the lock cylinder within the outer escutcheon instead of the outer knob increases the security of the device by making it more difficult to tamper with the lock cylinder. In addition, slight modifications prevent the application of excess torque to the outer knob from releasing the lock mechanism.

Abstract: In an indirect extrusion drawing press comprising a fixed crosspiece to which is fixed a tubular ram which is perforated by an axial orifice for the removal of the wire, a fixed bearing member, a movable crosspiece which is moved by a main jack bearing against the bearing member, a container in which is provided the bore of the billet, and which is interposed between the movable crosspiece and the ram, and a container bottom which is placed on the movable crosspiece along the axis of extrusion and which presses against the container during extrusion, the container being driven towards the ram by the movable crosspiece. A mechanism is provided for fixing the container relative to the movable crosspiece during extrusion so that auxiliary jacks, provided for moving the container independently of the crosspiece, can be used during extrusion to assist the main jack.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for drawing wire which uses a partial turn of wire wedged in an endless groove in a rotating wheel to generate the necessary drafting tension and wherein the drawn wire is cooled by direct contact with a liquid coolant as it leaves the die and while it is wedged in the groove. In a multi-stage apparatus, the coolant is removed from the wire downstream of the wheel and upstream of the next sizing opening by an air wipe.

Abstract: A punching apparatus for punching a strip of lead alloy material into a battery grid is provided with a support for supporting the material to be punched thereon and biased punch members above the support for punching through the material. Rotating cams engage the punch members and force the punch members downward through the material on the support. Rollers provided adjacent the support and the material to be punched move the material across the support means synchronously with the motion of the rotating cams engaging the punches.

Abstract: An improved radial or parallel press includes a hydraulic control valve and cylinder for each jaw or foot of the press and a corresponding plurality of valve control cams which move together to actuate the control valves in synchronism.

Abstract: A well instrument which includes a probe adapted to be lowered into a well to sense the inclination of the well and the direction of that inclination, for use in steering a drill bit or surveying the well, is provided with mechanism for rotating the probe relative to a body of the tool about an axis extending longitudinally of the well in order to give an indication of and allow compensation for minor inaccuracies or offsets in the readouts produced by the sensing mechanism. The probe is desirably rotated alternately in opposite directions.

Abstract: A dew point hygrometer wherein separate reflective surfaces reflect light from separate light sources to a single light sensor. One surface is cooled to develop a coating of condensation. The other surface provides a standard to detect contamination build-up on both surfaces, and to detect variations in the operation of the single light sensor.

Abstract: A vibration densitometer probe including an internal piezoelectric crystal, a canted vane, and an isotropic ring to support the vane.

Abstract: A method which can readily and accurately detect the depth of cracks in the rolls for transferring hot steel ingot blooms is disclosed. In operation, a fluid of a desired pressure is fed into a plurality of elongated holes formed in the rolls, such elongated holes being disposed in a direction parallel to and along the axis of the rolls and also equidistantly below the round surface of the roll. When cracks occur and reach the elongated holes, the fluid leaks through cracks from the elongated holes and such leakage causes a change in the amount of flow of the fluid. Thereby the cracks can be readily detected by measuring such change of fluid flow by a suitable known detector.

Abstract: A water tank assembly for a pressure resistance measuring apparatus for testing containers comprises a vertical water tank, an auxiliary water tank connected with the vertical water tank at an upper end portion of the vertical tank wherein the vertical tank has a smaller diameter than that of the auxiliary water tank, a cover attached to the vertical water tank, a nozzle assembly connected to the cover wherein a container to be tested is fixed to the lower end of the nozzle assembly, an opening end portion of the vertical water tank protruding into the auxiliary water tank, and wherein the vertical water tank and the auxiliary water tank store water and the water level of the auxiliary water tank is above the upper end portion of the vertical water tank.

Abstract: A device for sensing a substance on the surface of a liquid of the type including a float and a sensing element mounted on the float for extending into the liquid, includes a plastic encasement enclosing all portions of the element to be exposed to the liquid for preventing interference with the operation of the element by substances in the liquid other than the substance to be sensed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for soft recovery of a projectile is disclosed. A formable element is placed in the path of the projectile, whereby the projectile becomes embedded in the element upon impact therewith. Gravitational or mechanical forces are applied to the combined projectile and deformable element to decelerate the same thereby making recovery possible.

Abstract: The apparatus for taking bedrock samples from the bottom of deep-water basins includes a self-contained device for obtaining spot samples of bedrock from the bottom of deep-water basins and more particularly to devices for taking bedrock samples from the bottom of deep-water basins.The apparatus for taking bedrock samples from the bottom of deep-water basins is provided with a working member made in the form of a split housing having an open bottom and accommodating a shell to be destroyed by an initiating device at the moment the working member comes in contact with the bottom of a water basin, and a device for catching and holding a sample.

Abstract: A system for determining the location of the sinking of a vessel by providing a seaworthy box that is automatically ejected from the vessel at the time of sinking and that has a battery aboard the box for powering a radio transmitter that sends distress signals that enable a rescue vessel to locate the ejected box. The system employs a water-activated release mechanism and a stationary box with which the ejected box mates. When the release mechanism operates the box is ejected and at the same time the radio transmission commences. The release mechanism can also be used to release life savers and life boats. The ejected box has a printing system for registering any faults that may have occurred prior to sinking. The vessel may be provided with fire detectors, for example, and operation of a detector is registered along with the time of detector operation to thus provide a chronological log of all important events.

Abstract: A system for measuring on-line the energy content and flow of a gas mixture within a pipeline. The system includes a gas chromatograph for producing a time varying signal related to the component composition of the gas mixture. The pressure and temperature of the gas mixture is measured and these signals as well as the time varying signal from the chromatograph are converted to digital form. These signals are applied to control means which produces energy and flow rate signals of the gas mixture in the pipeline based on the on-line pressure, temperature and component composition. These signals are corrected by supercompressibility factor signals as a function of component composition.

Abstract: A camming device for centering a meter or other instrument having a cylindrical body with respect to the upstream and downstream pipes of a flow line in which the meter is interposed. Each pipe is provided with an end flange having a circle of bolt holes, the pipe flanges being bridged by clamping bolts which pass through the holes to encage and compress the meter, the holes having clearances allowing limited bolt play. Rotatably mounted on the meter body is a camming device provided with a symmetrical array of camming edges that tangentially engage the bolts. When the device is turned on the meter body, it acts to force the bolts to their extreme hole positions, as a result of which the meter body is caused to assume a position concentric with the bolt circle that is centered with respect to the pipes.

Abstract: A carrier strip of polyimide resin sheet material carries on one face an etched pattern of metallization comprising temperature-independent resistors formed of an underlying metallization layer of tantalum base, temperature-dependent resistors in which the effect of the upper layer of metallization, of a nickel base, is predominant, and conductive paths provided by broader strips of the nickel base material. A cover layer of the same heat-resistant resin sheet material is sealed and bonded to the carrier strip wherever a metallization layer does not intervene, taking care to leave open certain contact areas for the attachment of connecting leads. A holder structure holds the strips at each end and provides clear space for attaching connecting leads as well. The holder structure is designed to allow the flow of medium to pass in good thermo contact with the portion of the device enclosing the resistance elements.

Abstract: An apparatus and related method for obtaining samples from within a multiple liquid container, e.g. a tank within an oil tanker, at various levels in such container and for determining the level of the interface of the different liquids in such container. The apparatus operates in cooperation with a sampling bob which can obtain liquid samples from within the tank, at whatever level it is located. The apparatus is attachable to a hatch which leads into the tank, and initially fixes the level at which the sampling bob takes a sample, usually at the tank bottom. Then, the apparatus enables the sampling bob to be shifted to a different level by movement of a positioning slide through a measured interval, so that the sampling bob can take a sample at this second level. Continued sampling at different levels enables the user to determine the location of the interface of two liquids, such as oil and water, in such a container.

Abstract: A high temperature pressure transducer for measuring the total pressure adjacent the exit orifice of a crucible containing molten metal used in a continuous casting operation is disclosed. The pressure sensed includes a pressure head of the molten metal as well as the gas gauge pressure in the crucible above the metal. The transducer includes a sensor rod assembly having an immersible sensor rod fabricated of fused quartz and having a sensing surface, a sensor rod extension, an intermediate shaft, and a load cell connected to the intermediate shaft. A bellows provides a gas tight seal for the internal gas pressure in the crucible. The bellows is characterized by folds projecting inwardly and outwardly and providing equal volume in the two directions.

Abstract: A liquid sight monitor including an internal sight tube surrounded by an external sight tube, the ends therebetween being spaced apart by inserts including "O" rings sealing against both tubes. The internal annulus between the tubes can be environmentally purged. A protective shield can be provided, which also provides mounting flanges for supporting the overall apparatus in position for metering the system.

Abstract: An air tunnel device is provided for use in combination with a thermohygrter of the type where the change of resistance of the probe in response to changes in the ambient atmosphere is used to measure the temperature and humidity of the atmosphere. The device includes a housing which defines an air passageway therethrough, a probe support for mounting the probe of the thermohygrometer so that the probe is exposed to the air passagement in the housing and a fan mounted in the housing below the probe support for drawing air into the air passageway and thus providing air flow at a constant velocity past the probe.

Abstract: A new and useful all plastic disposable thermometer is disclosed, which dispenses with the prior art employment of an aluminum or other metal-based substrate. The novel thermometer can either be employed with opaque indicator means or with heat-sensitive compositions of matter that change color with a change in phase, such as those enumerated in copending application Ser. No. 946,935, filed Sept. 28, 1978, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,232,552.

Abstract: A light source for forming an optical path extending across a closed vessel and a light receiving unit for receiving light from the light source are disposed outside the closed vessel. A portion to have its temperature measured as lies in the closed vessel is provided with a temperature detecting device which consists of a temperature sensor and a light interceptive plate. The temperature sensor is formed to be downwardly convex by sticking two members of different coefficients of thermal expansion one over the other (the member of the larger coefficient of thermal expansion being arranged over the member of the smaller coefficient of thermal expansion). The light interceptive plate is arranged over the member of the larger coefficient of thermal expansion. When the portion to have its temperature measured has reached a predetermined temperature, the temperature sensor inverts the downwardly convex state into an upwardly convex state.

Abstract: Mechanical vibration of a rotating test body is translated into a periodic signal which represents a combined vector of the unbalance means of the rotating body and the mechanism that rotates it. The periodic signal is divided into two orthogonal vector components. The magnitude of the two vector components are converted into digital signals and applied to a computer. Unknown values of four constants are determined by a preliminary test having three successive stages. In the first and second stages the test body is rotated to register the digital signals; in the second state the angular position of the test body is displaced a predetermined amount with respect to its first stage position. In the third stage of the test, a trial dead weight of a known mass is mounted on the test body and rotated to register the digital signals. The computer operates on the registered digital signals to determine the four constants in accordance with a set of equations.

Abstract: An accelerometer for measuring the vertical component of acceleration independent of the accelerometer orientation or the pressure. The accelerometer is particularly adapted for use in marine surveys in combination with a hydrophone to cancel the surface reflected wave.

Abstract: A pendulous accelerometer comprises a stator defining a cavity having two nfronting surfaces which constitute two electrodes.It also comprises a pendulum consisting of a disc connected to the stator by a hinge. A servo-circuit applies DC forces to the capacitors, each comprising a surface of the cavity and the confronting electrically conductor surface of the pendulum for creating an electrostatic torque which balances the acceleration torque.

Abstract: When sensing the presence of ultrasonic energy in a workpiece portion by illuminating such portion with light from a single-mode frequency stabilized laser, the reflected light, frequency modulated by the Doppler effect due to the ultrasonic energy induced deflection of the workpiece portion, is passed through a gas filled light filter. The frequency modulated light is amplitude modulated by the filter by selecting the frequency of the laser to cause a point of operation which is located along a steep slope portion of the absorption curve characteristic of the filter. To increase the steepness of the slope portion of the filter, the present invention discloses the use of laser light to saturate the filter in a part region.

Abstract: In a differential pressure transducer, of the type having a cantilever beam mechanically linked to a pressure-sensitive diaphragm, and piezoelectric strain gauges diffused into or bonded onto the beam, the beam has a relatively high compliance as compared with the diaphragm to facilitate operation in low pressure ranges and to increase the overall operating range of the unit. In addition, the beam is constructed so that the total bending energy is transmitted to the area of the strain gauges so as to achieve near-perfect operating efficiencies.

Abstract: An integrated circuit stress transducer system including signal processing circuitry responsive to signals from semiconductor stress sensors where the processing circuitry output signals are compensated for sensor stress sensitivity variations.

Abstract: The invention concerns the measurement of one or two components of the speed vector of a gas flow, in particular the projection in one plane of this vector.The device comprises a section of conducting wire brought to a high electrical potential by a high voltage source. This wire is surrounded by one or two pairs of conductors. The conductors of each pair being arranged symmetrically in relation to the wire. The difference in voltage between the two conductors of each pair is determined to provide the speed and the direction of the flow of gas.

Abstract: A flowmeter system for measuring the flow and changes in the velocity of sound due to changes in composition or temperature of a fluid medium in a flow tube including transducers which generate acoustic compression waves in the fluid medium, phase lock loop transmitter/receiver circuitry including device for measuring the difference in phase of the acoustic compression waves transmitted upstream relative to that received and for measuring the phase difference of the acoustic compression waves transmitted downstream relative to that received and producing a sum signal dependent upon the sum of the two measured phase differences, device for producing a difference signal proportional to the difference of the two measured phase differences which provides an output signal representing the direction and magnitude of the measured flow device for automatically adjusting the frequency of the acoustic compression waves so that their wave lengths remains constant, said means for automatically adjusting the frequency inc

Abstract: An impeller is rotatably mounted in a housing on the lower end of a sub which is lowered by means of a wire line into a bore hole. The fluid flow in either direction within the bore hole engages and rotates helical vanes of the impeller, which in turn rotates a digital sensing device. A magnetic coupling links the impeller to the sensing device which is sealably secured within the housing. Rotation of the sensing device in one direction produces a digital output signal which is distinguishable from the output signal produced when the sensing device is rotated in the opposite direction. The digital signal is produced by the rotation of a butterfly valve between signal emitter elements and signal receiving elements coupled to a distinguishing logic circuit. The direction of flow of fluids along the bore hole is thus easily detected in a reliable, highly sensitive manner.

Abstract: A system for obtaining torque and angular velocity of a load transmitting shaft (such as for example the power drive shaft in a marine propulsion system) and adapted to obtain the efficiency and power output of the shaft. The system makes use of a matched pair of optoelectronic sensors, each comprising a pair of light sources, a pair of optoelectronic pick-ups and a relatively rotating interrupter member. The pair of optoelectronic sensors permits an accurate measurement of the relative angular displacement of the relatively rotating members. The system converts a binary-type optical message into electrical pulse signals which are processed to provide readings of torque, angular velocity, power output and shaft efficiency. The optoelectronic sensors are positionally adjustable by means of set screws, and the system can be calibrated by means of self-test circuits. The optical pick-up includes a vertical array of individual optical fibers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fiber optical device for measuring physical magnitudes such as force, elongation, pressure, acceleration, temperature, etc., comprising a transducer unit and an electronic unit, in which the quantity to be measured is supplied to the transducer unit to affect the resonance frequency of an oscillating body included in the tansducer unit by changing the dimensions, mass, density, modulus of elasticity and/or mechanical stress of the body. A property of the body oscillation, such as frequency, phase position and/or amplitude, is used as a value of the quantity to be measured. The oscillations of the body are detected optically by means of a fiber optical position/movement detector.

Abstract: The metering apparatus for small volumes of liquid in the milliliter and microliter range comprises a piston/cylinder system driven by a direct-current motor. The piston stroke is measured by means of an optical path-length measuring system. For this purpose, a slide-rule pulse scale provided with a regular line grid is affixed to the piston. The light from a light transmitter passes through the slide-rule pulse scale and a stationary scanning plate which likewise is provided with a regular line grid, and to a light receiver. The pulses of the light receiver are digitalized in a pulse conditioning circuit and fed to a counter adapted to be preset by means of a coding switch. The counter position acts upon a braking and rotative-speed regulating circuit in such a way that regardless of the preset desired value of the rotative speed the speed of rotation of the motor is reduced to a small value as the final value is approached.

Abstract: A sampling device comprising a tubular member containing an auger and terminating in a cutting tool is disclosed. The tube is stationary and the auger is rotated by a motor positioned at the upper end of the tube. The cutting tool is located at the bottom end of the tube and is attached to the auger and rotates with it. Provision is made for collecting and holding a sample removed by the auger for ultimate analysis and testing. The entire assembly may be moved vertically for insertion into and removal from the material to be sampled. Because the cutting tool is located on the circumference of the bottom of the tubular member, the cutting tool will cut through and remove a cylindrical core of the material being sampled in such a way tha large loose pieces of material will not be pushed to one side of or fall into the tubular member but will be cut cleanly and a true representative sample of the material being sampled will be obtained.

Abstract: A temporary locking device for a rotor of an inertia wheel, sustained, with respect to a stator, by magnetic means and associated with two emergency bearings having a conical bearing surface for each said emergency bearing. A complementary conical bearing surface is provided for each of said conical bearing surfaces, one of the two conical bearing surfaces being able to come into mechanical contact with said complementary bearing surface, and one of said complementary bearing surfaces being rendered axially movable. Thus the rotor can be immobilized against three degrees of freedom, two radially and one axially, after placing said bearing surfaces in mechanical contact, said rotor remaining free to rotate. The device is particularly useful for satellites.

Abstract: The present application discloses a power transmission for transmitting power from a driving shaft to a driven shaft along a main axis of the transmission and having a continuously variable gear ratio, in which torque is transmitted by friction forces at points of tangency between balls and runways and where the balls and runways are divided into axially spaced groups.

Abstract: A protective pad for mounting on a bicycle pedal provides comfort to a barefoot rider. The protective pad includes a pad member having a substantially flat surface for contact by the rider's foot and also includes a coupling extending from the pad member for detachable mounting of the pad member on at least one of the pedal's side members. The coupling includes a channel member formed of somewhat resilient material having opposed legs spaced-apart to define a slot. The slot receives the pedal side member with the opposed legs of the channel member frictionally engaging opposed surfaces of the side member.

Abstract: An infinitely variable split output synchronously shifting hydromechanical steering transmisson having integral steering and at least three forward ranges having progressively lower torque and higher speed propulsion ratios in successively higher ranges while maintaining positive steer with a constant steering torque ratio in all ranges.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a hydraulic control system for servos in automatic transmissions, which, in a known fashion, utilizes a main pressure valve to regulate the pressure within the control system and further utilizes a converter pressure valve to supply a hydrodynamic torque converter and the lubrication system. The servos (for example, the clutches) utilized in this type of automatic transmissions cooperate with electromagnetically actuated pressure regulating valves have a current-proportional response. These electromagnetic valves are actuated by electronic control signals generated by sensors which monitor various parameters during operation, making previously utilized sensors superfluous. By control of the pressure regulating valves the forward gear, the reverse gear or the neutral gear can be engaged in the simplest fashion. By means of a magnet valve associated with the main pressure valve the levels of pressure may be varied.

Abstract: This invention relates to a multi-speed powershift transmission which is particularly useful in agricultural and industrial type vehicles. The transmission comprises three main planetary sections and two drive clutches. In addition to the two drive clutches, the three planetary sections also contain additional clutches and brakes which act in combination to provide a wide range of closely spaced speed increments.

Abstract: A mechanism for controlling the velocity of a tool platform in a manner causing the platform to follow a moving product at product speed while machine operations are performed on the product. The mechanism comprises a platform reciprocally driven by a roller chain coupled to a slot in the platform, the orientation of the roller chain being altered to control the velocity and distance of travel of the platform.

Abstract: An inexpensive method to make a punch for piercing or forming metal includes cutting a piece from a bar or rod, applying a phosphate and lubricant coating to the piece, extruding one end of the piece into a polygonal shape, annealing the piece, press or machine relieving the piece, machining the end of the piece having the polygonal shape and heat treating the piece to the proper hardness.