Abstract: A system that utilizes a robot for a loading operation of articles of works in a machine; a depalletizing operation for taking out the articles or the works one by one which are stacked up in a magazine at an assembly work station and a palletizing operation for stacking up the articles or the works one by one which are machined or assembled.

Abstract: A numerical control apparatus for controlling a machine which includes a movable element and a servomotor for moving the element. The numerical control apparatus includes memory means for storing numerical data representing parameters such as amount and rate of movement of the element. The numerical data are expressed either or both in a first and second system of measurement. Codes are stored in the memory means for some of the numerical data which are expressed in the first system to define basic movements of the element. The numerical control apparatus is settable to be operable for data expressed in either the first or second system of measurement. The numerical data expressed in the second system of measurement are automatically converted into the first system when the numerical control apparatus is set to be operable for data expressed in the second system of measurement.

Abstract: An apparatus for compensating for a quantization error has a time detector circuit for detecting a time signal on the basis of the number of clock signals occurring within the period of such time signal, a quantization error detector circuit for generating a quantization error time signal corresponding to a time difference between the time signal and the clock signal and being in the form of an analog voltage value, and a compensator circuit for compensating a digital detected time derived from the time detector circuit on the basis of an analog quantization error time from the quantization error detector circuit.

Abstract: A capacitive position sensor for sensing changes in the position of a rotating element, in which there are two sets of stationary capacitive surfaces, one set forming a first integral unit, the other set forming a second integral unit; the two units are held together with the surfaces of each set resting in corresponding spaces in the other unit such that all surfaces of both sets intersect a common radial plane and the surfaces of one set are electrically isolated from the surfaces of the other set.

Abstract: Battery powered variable speed motor drives typically control the speed of the motor in accordance with a speed command. If the battery discharges to a point where the speed command is greater than that speed which can be supported by the battery voltage, the current drawn from the battery by the motor increases, thereby accelerating discharge of same. This problem is obviated by a control for an AC motor drive according to the present invention which includes means for deriving a signal from the output of the battery representing the maximum motor speed which the battery voltage can support, means for summing the maximum motor speed signal with the speed command signal to derive an error signal and means for summing the error signal with the speed command signal when the commanded speed is greater than that speed which can be supported by the battery voltage to reduce the speed command to the inverter and thereby maintain a predetermined voltage to frequency relationship in the inverter output.

Abstract: In an embodiment for supplying power to sensitive telecommunications modules in an environment rich in radiated RF emissions, the AC power line is connected to a battery charger which is alternately connected to two rechargeable batteries. A third battery is connected in power transfer relation to the telecommunications modules and to a power control module, and in turn receives power from the one of the first and second batteries which is not being charged, such active battery being completely isolated from the AC power line. The third battery insures against transients and switching noise during switchover between the first and second batteries, and the power control module monitors the supply of power via an optoelectronic isolator and connects both the first and second batteries in parallel with the third battery in the event of a power failure.

Abstract: A dual voltage power supply for a vehicle is disclosed with a DC generator, a single storage battery, a low voltage load circuit including the storage battery and a high voltage load circuit including load devices designed to be powered by voltages higher than the battery voltage. A high voltage regulator is responsive to the generator output voltage and controls the energization of the field winding of the generator for causing the generator to produce an output voltage meeting the requirements of the high voltage load circuit. A low voltage regulator receives the output voltage of the generator and produces a substantially constant regulated voltage for charging the battery and supplying the low voltage load circuit.

Abstract: The voltage regulating device, compensating the error due to the heat dissipated by the power element that drives the load, specifically an excitation winding of a motor car battery charging alternator, comprises a control stage including a temperature sensing element and a power stage driven by the control stage for generating an output voltage dependent on the ambient temperature. The power stage includes a sensor for detecting the power dissipated therein and generating a dissipated power signal fed to a compensation section in the control stage which also receives the temperature signal detected by the temperature sensing element for generating an actual ambient temperature signal unaffected by the error due to internal heat dissipation.

Abstract: A switching regulator for supplying current to a load in order to maintain a selected voltage across the load. Current is supplied to the load from a coil which receives a train of spaced trapezoidal current pulses from an energy source. The spacing between current pulses is maintained constant while the duration of the current pulses is varied to compensate for changes tending to vary the load voltage.

Abstract: One of a plurality of taps of at least one transformer is selected by choosing a predetermined plug to mate with a predetermined jack. The connection arrangement between each transformer and a corresponding jack is such that each pin of a respective jack is operatively connected to a predetermined transformer tap of the corresponding transformer whereby the corresponding taps of each of the transformers are connected to different corresponding pins for each of the corresponding jacks. Further, the starting tap of each transformer is operatively connected to the same corresponding pin of the jack corresponding to the transformer. A plurality of plugs, the number of plugs corresponding to one less than the number of pins of the jacks, is included whereby each plug has a plurality of mating pins corresponding to the pins of the jack. Each mating pin of each plug which corresponds to the pin of the starting tap is operatively connected to a first supply terminal.

Abstract: The present invention relates, in general, to an electronic and measuirng circuits are located remotely from the test head. A low device count circuit at each pin performs the necessary high speed switching. The force and measure lines are relatively long, but the signal rates are low enough to be accurately transmitted. The only high rate signals are on lines coupled to the gates of FET switches at the test head. Thus, multiple pin, high speed testing can be accomplished using relatively small and inexpensive test heads.

Abstract: Physical quantities such as pressures, accelerations and electrical currents including d-c currents are measured by alternately passing polarized and unpolarized light through an optical-sensor which modifies the polarization of the polarized light in proportion to the magnitude of the physical quantity while passing the unpolarized light unaltered by the physical quantity. The polarized and unpolarized light are generated by separate light sources which generate light at two different wavelengths and a polarizer which is effective to polarize light of the one wavelength but not the other. Light emerging from the sensor is converted into an electrical signal by an analyzer and a photodetector.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for random repetitive sampling in digital oscilloscopes is disclosed using a psuedo-random noise generator to vary randomly the beginning of a search for a trigger event to enable the acquiring of data which has no gaps.

Abstract: A top access test probe fixture (10) for use with a vacuum-actuated primary test fixture (12) includes a probe block (70) supported for reciprocal movement on a contact board (54) mounted on the movable top platen (28) of the primary test fixture. The probe block (70) is actuated through bellows (86) disposed between the probe block and contact board (54), which bellows are connected in fluid communication with the vaccum chamber of the primary test fixture (12) so that the top access test fixture (10) is actuated simultaneously and responsive to actuation of the primary fixture. Contacts (102) are provided on the contact board (54) for engagement with probes (104) on the primary fixture (12) and probes (100) on the probe block (70) connected by leads (106) to other probes (108) on the probe block adapted for engagement with predetermined points on the top of the circuit board under test to avoid bending and thus fatigue and breakage of wires during operation.

Abstract: The transducer has a primary winding wound around a first cylindrical support which delimits a passage where a core is axially movable, a first secondary winding wound around the primary winding and a second secondary winding wound on a second cylindrical support which surrounds completely the first secondary winding. The first secondary winding is formed in two portions: a regularly wound portion and a stepped portion which are phase connected, and the second secondary winding is formed in two similar portions which are antiphase connected. The output signals of the secondary windings are combined to obtain a differential signal representative of the ratio between the sum and the difference of said signals. The secondary windings are designated so that the ratio cannot reach the value +1 or -1 unless one secondary winding is cut-off, thus conferring to the transducer the capacity of being self-monitored.

Abstract: Elongated ferromagnetic parts of cylindrical or polygonal cross-sectional outline are tested while rotating about their axes and while advancing longitudinally along a cushion of dry pulverulent magnetic material which is supplied by one or more pneumatic conduits into the range of one pole of a first U-shaped electromagnet whose poles extend in the longitudinal direction of but do not contact the parts. The electromagnet establishes a stray magnetic flux in the region of each defect on the ferromagnetic part which is being tested and such flux or fluxes attract pulverulent material which thereby pinpoints the locations of defects. A second electromagnet is placed next to the one pole of the first electromagnet and its poles are spaced apart from each other as considered in the longitudinal direction of the tested part.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor includes a magnetic field-sensitive element (1), more specifically a magnetic field-sensitive multi-collector transistor (2). To reduce the offset, the setting of this element is modulated to vary the sensitivity. In the variation of the output signal of the element (1) in response to the variation in the sensitivity the offset has then been reduced.

Abstract: For recording the nuclear magnetic resonance in selected areas of a body for the purpose of representing body cross-sections in the form of images (NMR tomography), wherein the nuclear spins of a selected type present in the area of one plane of the body are subjected to a superimposed gradient field varying in the selected cross-sectional plane, and selectively excited, the excitation of the nuclear spins is effected by application of a pulse sequence which induces the nuclear spins to supply at one stage a number of chronologically successive induction signals. The induction signals corresponding to each other in chronolical sequence are then processed to obtain separate sets of image signals so that by one single measurement a sequence of cross-sectional images is obtained which differ from each other by the intensity of the excited nuclear spins which varies according to the relaxation times T.sub.1 or T.sub.2.

Abstract: In a nuclear magnetic resonance imaging device, a pulse sequence is selected and a variance or standard deviation of a calculated image for T1, T2, .rho. is determined as a function of scan parameters from the theoretical equation of signal intensity in the pulse sequence and the variance in the values for T1, T2, .rho. to be measured and the original image. Scan parameters, with which the total sum of variance or standard deviation of the calculated image takes a minimum value, are determined as optimum values. An image is obtained from the optimum scan parameters to obtain a plurality of original images. A calculated image for T1, T2, .rho. is determined, based on the original images, whereby a calculated image of high quality is simultaneously obtained.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging utilizing the Fourier transform imaging scan sequence, with measurement data being obtained from which the offects of variations in the static magnetic field are eliminated. The method and apparatus are characterized by measurement of view data G(k,t) for a body which is under diagnosis under the condition that there is a specific value of twist of spin phase within the body, in a specific direction, measurement of the view data G(-k,t) for the body which is under diagnosis under the condition that the value of twist of the spin phase within the body is equal in amount and of opposite direction to the aforementioned value of twist of spin phase, with the time which elapses between the measurements of G(k,t) and G(-k,t) being made sufficiently short that any change in the static magnetic field occurring therein can be ignored, deriving from the view data G(k,t) and G(-k,t) the data G(k,t.sub.0) and G(-k,-t.sub.

Abstract: A method of calculating the intrinsic parameters including the spin-lattice relaxation time T1 and the spin-spin relaxation time T2 for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique which utilizes calculations of derived algorithms by a series of passthroughs of a digital video processor. The use of a digital video processor to accomplish the algorithm construction provides a significant increase in the speed with which the intrinsic parameters can be calculated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for modulating the effect of the speed of the moving parts of a body. The machines or processes for measuring the density by nuclear magnetic resonance are too sensitive at the displacement speed of the parts in question. In the invention, the sensitivity of the machines or processes is reduced in such a way that the speed effect can be measured. Prior to the measurement, compensating magnetic field sequences are applied in order to counteract the effect produced by the interfering magnetic field sequences, which are necessary for performing the measurement.

Abstract: A radio-frequency (RF) spectrometer subsystem, for a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging system, provides high-power RF pulse signals each having an envelope of minimum distortion; a portion of the actual RF magnetic field, in the sample-examination volume, is returned to the spectrometer for subsequent correction of the RF signal characteristics responsive to a comparison of the RF magnetic field sample waveform to the requested pulse envelope waveform.

Abstract: An NMR radio-frequency coil is made up of a plurality of conductive segments evenly spaced about the peripheries and interconnecting a pair of conductive loop elements. Each conductive segment includes at least one reactive element which may include a variable capacitive or inductive element.

Abstract: A compensation circuit for pulse signals includes a noise pulse cutting circuit and a compensation pulse generating circuit. The noise pulse cutting circuit passes a reference pulse which is produced in each predetermined reference time period but blocks any other pulses until just before the next pulse is input after the reference pulse has passed. The compensation pulse generating circuit functions such that, when no pulse is input for a period of time slightly longer than the reference time period, a compensation pulse is generated and is input to the noise pulse cutting circuit. Even when there occurs noise in pulse signals, the circuit enables production of the same number of pulses as that of the reference pulses which are originally included in the pulse signals.

Abstract: A circuit and method for demodulation of transmitted phase-coherent signals including recovery of the clock and data signals associated therewith. A clock recovery circuit detects a zero crossing of the transmitted signal which occurs every one-half period of the lowest frequency transmitted signal. A data recovery circuit detects the presence or absence of a zero crossing during a window portion of each one-half period of the lowest frequency transmitted signal.

Abstract: A method and system for enhancing the performance of feedforward amplifiers includes the provision of multiple sweep displays, one each for providing a display of a single performance characteristic of the amplifier. Various characteristics are monitored on an alternating and interleaved basis, and displayed during the intervals that they are monitored. The monitoring intervals are short enough so that each display appears to be continuous. The performance characteristics of the amplifier are thus observable on a real time basis, thereby facilitating adjustment of the amplifier to achieve optimum overall operation.

Abstract: A clock recovery and data separator system of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,456,890 is improved by the inclusion of a detector for detecting the trend of instantaneous media speed variation (ISV). The system includes a phase locked loop in which the ISV trend detector is placed between the output of the phase detector and the input of an up/down counter whose output is passed through a digital to analog converter to control the VCO. The ISV trend detector provides a signal which partially compensates phase shift, thereby permitting rapid data recovery performance.

Abstract: A microwave frequency discriminator, i.e. an electronic device for directly transforming frequency modulation on a microwave carrier into a demodulated lower frequency signal. The discriminator is similar to a Travis discriminator and includes an inlet microstrip line, two resonant circuits (R.sub.1, R.sub.2) constituted by dielectric resonators and coupled to said inlet microstrip line to receive the modulated microwave signal, two outlet microstrip lines coupling each resonator to a respective microwave detector circuit, said detector circuits including loads (r.sub.1, r.sub.2) in series-opposition in the manner of a Travis discriminator.

Abstract: A voltage controlled oscillator is formed of a plurality of cascaded inverter stages in a ring configuration. Each inverter stage is a grounded emitter circuit having an active pull-up stage in order to achieve a short stage delay. The frequency of the ring oscillator is determined by the number of inverter stages, and the gain is selectable by coupling an external control voltage to only certain of the inverters. The VCO may be fabricated on a single integrated circuit along with the other circuits necessary to form a phase locked loop or other frequency generation system.

Abstract: An oscillation circuit comprises a resonator and frequency switching means for switching oscillating frequencies of the resonator, said frequency switching means including a capacitor and an electrical switching element in series, said electrical switching element having a small capacitance as compared to that of said capacitor and a conductive voltage larger than a peak voltage of the oscillation circuit output applied across the electrical switching element. Preferably, the electrical switching element is a diode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring a frequency modulated signal including harmonically mixing the modulated signal with a significantly lower reference frequency, dividing the mixed signal, filtering out the reference frequency, rectifying and integrating the filtered frequency and then testing the integrated signal is disclosed. A correction signal responsive to the integrated signal is provided in one arrangement.

Abstract: A radio frequency coaxial vacuum feedthrough is provided which utilizes a cylindrical ceramic vacuum break formed of an alumina ceramic. The cylinder is coaxially disposed and brazed between tapered coaxial conductors to form a vacuum sealed connection between a pressurized upstream coaxial transmission line and a utilization device located within a vacuum container. The feedthrough provides 50 ohm matched impedance RF feedthrough up to about 500 MHz at power levels in the multimegawatt range.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for filtering a high-frequency conductor from a high-frequency space by a capacitor (71). The filtering capacitor (71) is in the form of a chip capacitor and is secured to a circuit board (1). A first contact surface (73) of the chip capacitor (71) is electrically contacted by soldering with the separation wall (19) closing the high-frequency space. The conductor (77) to be filtered is passed along a second contact surface (75) of the chip capacitor (71) so as to be electrically contacted by soldering along a largest possible surface. The conductor (77) to be filtered can be in the form of a planar conductor. The invention is applicable in particular in audio and video tuners.

Abstract: A notch filter which utilizes a quadrature coupler with the input signal on one of its four terminals, a first tuned surface acoustic wave device coupled to a second on of the terminals for receiving the input signal at 0.degree. phase shift, a second tuned surface acoustic wave device coupled to a third one of the terminals for receiving the input signal with a 90.degree. phase shift and the fourth terminal being utilized as the output signal terminal.

Abstract: Dessicant vessel allows air to flow through desiccant from a temperature related pumping phenomena prior to entry into waveguide to guard against attenuation of microwave signal.

Abstract: A superconducting solenoid designed to improve working efficiency, heat resistance and electrical insulation of the solenoid to a practical extent. The superconducting solenoid comprises a winding frame, wires formed of filamentary conductors having superconductivity and wound around the winding frame, an insulator formed of alumina fiber material and covering each of the wires for providing electrical insulation, and a resinous material impregnated in between turns of the wires so as to provide a supporting structure. The insulator formed of alumina fiber material is in the form of a sheet, a mat or a yarn.

Abstract: A magnet system for providing a localized, substantially homogeneous magnetic field for use in nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. The magnet system includes a vacuum vessel defining a bore for receiving the subject of the imaging. It further includes a cryogenic containment vessel supported within the vacuum vessel. A single coil or "simple" solenoid is positioned within the containment vessel for providing the magnetic field. This coil includes a winding made up of thousands of turns of small superconductive wire, with the winding having a modular geometry including a plurality of axially spaced wire modules. The coil further includes an insulative substance, having a greater coefficient of thermal contraction than that of the wire, distributed in the winding. As the temperature of the coil is reduced from room temperature to its cryogenic operating temperature, the development of localized stress concentrations of sufficient magnitude to rupture the wire, are avoided.

Abstract: An electromagnetic proportional actuator comprises a plunger axially movably received in a cylindrical housing. An actuating member has one end thereof abutting against or connected to one axial end of the plunger. The plunger is displaced in response to electric current passing through a solenoid wound around an outer peripheral surface of the housing. A tubular member formed of a non-magnetic material is disposed between an outer peripheral surface of the plunger and an inner peripheral surface of the housing in such a manner that the plunger is axially slidable within the tubular member, to prevent the plunger from being attracted to the inner peripheral surface of the housing.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device in cube (1) or cuboid shape (3) exhibiting on each side (4) centrally arranged magnets (2, 5), the magnets projecting outwardly always with the same pole. They serve for eliminating damaging effects of magnetic zones of the earth surface for man, animals, and plants.

Abstract: An electric potentiometer including a wiper lever having brush wipers, which upon a rotational movement about a pivot shaft sweep over electrically conductive layers applied to a carrier plate. A resistor layer is joined at one end to a connection layer and at the other to a grounded connection layer. The layer is joined at one end to a pickup connection layer and at the other, via a supplementary layer resistor, to the connection layer. A sliding layer of electrically non-conductive paste material is disposed between the carrier plate and the resistor layer, the latter of which is formed from a paste material provided with carbon particles. The sliding layer is wider than the width of the wiper and the resistor layer.

Abstract: The device is applied to the wheel of a motor vehicle and includes a component that is sensitive to the pressure inside the tire and has a conductive, sliding element. When this element reaches the extreme limits of its travel it closes an electrical contact and activates a radio transmitter whose signals, picked up by a receiver located in the passenger compartment, activate a visual and/or acoustic alarm.

Abstract: A circuit for comparing first and second binary coded digital data signals has a plurality of first circuits each including first and second transistors of a P-channel type connected in series between a first potential terminal and a first output node, a plurality of second circuits each including third and fourth transistors of an N-channel type connected in series between a second potential terminal and a second output node, and means for precharging the first and second output nodes to first and second logic levels, respectively. The first and third transistors are supplied with one bit data of the first signal, and the second and fourth transistors are supplied with an inverted data of the second signal. A change in the logic level at least one of the first and second output nodes is detected.

Abstract: A system for encoding position information includes a grid of evenly spaced, parallel conductive lines fixed with respect to one of two mechanical parts, the grid being disposed along the line of movement of the parts. Two pairs of interdigitated electrodes capacitively sense the conductive lines of the grid, the electrodes being fixedly disposed on the other mechanical part. Decoding circuitry is responsive to the electrodes for providing relative movement information. The fingers of each electrode are disposed substantially parallel to the grid lines, the capacitance of each electrode with respect to the grid being a function of the proximity of the fingers of that electrode to the grid lines. The decoding circuitry includes first and second latches whose outputs are a function of which electrode of its corresponding pair has the greater capacitance to the grid. The second pair of interdigitated electrodes is offset from the first pair such that its ouput differs from that of the first pair.

Abstract: A guided-wave electrooptic analog-to-digital converter utilizes a multiple wavelength optical source as a sampling source to minimize the number of interferometers needed for conversion of an analog signal with a given resolution. A reduction in the number of interferometers reduces the capacitive impedance of the analog signal input and facilitates driving the converter with conventional R.F. amplifiers. The multiple-wavelength signal consists of a combination of a plurality of signals with wavelengths which are substantially binary multiples of the shortest wavelength. The signals are passed together through a conventional Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulator and the interferometer output is split back into a plurality of output beams each with a single wavelength. Each of the output beams represents a bit of the digitized signal. By increasing the number of different wavelengths in the sampling signal, higher resolutions in the output signal can be obtained with a single interferometric modulator.

Abstract: A dual slope A/D converter with a zero compensation circuit includes a single power source, an integrator, and a MOS switch constituting the zero compensation circuit and adapted to apply an output voltage to the noninverting input terminal of an operational amplifier constituting the integrator for a zero compensation duration. The A/D converter further includes an amplifier and a MOS transistor with the same characteristics as those of the MOS switch. The gate and source of the MOS transistor are connected to the noninverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. The amplifier doubles a voltage at the noninverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. A doubled voltage is applied to the drain of the MOS transistor.

Abstract: A decoding circuit for decoding information represented by input signals includes: sources of transistors of one channel type in each of four CMOS inverters connected to a first supply potential; sources of transistors of another channel type in each two inverters connected to each other and to one or the other of first connecting points; two first switching transistors of the other channel type each having a drain connected to a first connecting point and a source connected to each other and to a last connecting point; the gates of each of the two first switching transistors being connected to a second input signal or a signal complementary thereto of four further input signals complementary to each other in pairs; a last switching transistor of the other channel type having a drain connected to the last connecting point, a source connected to a second supply potential and a gate connected to an input for an individual input signal; the gates of both transistors of two of the inverters being connected to a f

Abstract: An electronic control device for providing control signals having direction and magnitude represented by electrical output signals based upon employing a circuit that senses relative changes in capacitance with a few volt excitation at suitable frequency. A finger touch unbalances the equilibrium between a pair of capacitance electrodes which by means of the circuitry selectively produces signals representative of magnitude and direction, and whose rate is proportional to the degree of unbalance, and which signals are used for vector control purposes. The electrodes are positioned in a recessed slot in an encasement, which slot is accessible by fingers, and which pair of capacitance electrodes is protected by a dielectric layer.

Abstract: A keyboard entry system is disclosed which comprises a keyboard which includes a plurality of letter keys, one for each letter of a selected language. The entry system responds to conventional sequential activation of individual keys by providing output signals indicative of the respective individual letters associated with the activated keys to an application program such as a word processor or printer control program. The keyboard entry system also responds to chords of simultaneously activated multiple keys by using these chords to retrieve stored words from a dictionary. It is the stored words rather than the entered chords which are applied as inputs to the application program. This system allows an operator to use both conventional sequential key entry techniques and chorded entry techniques for rapid data entry. Chords are detected by comparing a stored constant with the elapsed time between a key release and the immediately preceding key depression of an overlapping key.

Abstract: A lighting device for a room environment, in a form of a table, ceiling or swag unitary fixture, provides primary illumination for general living and working activities within the space of a room, subject to the on-off control of persons therein; flashing illumination occurring at repetition rates designated for alerting persons, including individuals having impaired hearing abilities, to specific fire, burglar or other alarm conditions, responsive to local or supervised control sensors; and supplemental signaling illumination for communicating instructional information.