Abstract: A fluid power system comprising a fluid pump and an impulse turbine operating in the incompressible domain wherein the pump is characterized by a pressure versus flow curve that is inversely interdependent and by a predetermined pump optimum flow area that is associated with maximum pump output power and the turbine includes an inlet flow path to the turbine rotor the effective area of which is substantially matched to the pump optimum flow area to constrain pump operation to the region of maximum output power.

Abstract: A control for a power drive assembly having a primary energy source, a hydrostatic pump driven by the energy source and a consumer of energy has a multiway valve between the pump and consumer and a control pressure dependent valve receiving fluid from the pump controlling its position and connections between a source of pressure fluid and a spring biased operating cylinder connected to a control lever on the primary energy source controlling operation thereof.

Abstract: A motion transducer wherein a variable volume chamber of a trochoidal rotary mechanism is operatively connected by a liquid working fluid to a variable volume chamber of a reciprocating piston mechanism, whereby a rotary motion can be converted to a reciprocating motion and vice versa. An internal combustion engine directly productive of aone of such kinds of motions is drivingly connected to the transducer to obtain the other kind of motion as output. The piston of a reciprocating internal engine can be movable in unison with the piston of the reciprocating system, or alternatively, the rotary shaft of a Wankel-type internal combustion engine can be directly coupled to the rotary shaft of the trochoidal rotary mechanism.

Abstract: The camshaft of a turbocharged internal combustion engine is designed to account for the distance between each cylinder and the preceding cylinder in firing order. The camshaft is designed so that the exhaust valve of, say, cylinder number 4 opens at a sufficiently early time that the pressure pulse from opening of the preceding cylinder, say cylinder number 3, arrives at cylinder number 4 when cylinder number 4 is at a predetermined relationship to its top dead center position, where cylinder number 4 immediately follows cylinder number 3 in firing order. The angle at which an exhaust valve cam precedes its top dead center position is determined from the distance to the preceding cylinder through the exhaust system, the speed of sound, the engine speed at which optimization is desired, and the predetermined relationship.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for selectively generating different amounts of electric power and high pressure steam power according to the user's needs, using a fluid-cooled engine and a dual-function screw machine that may be operated as either a compressor or an expander. Fluid from a cooling jacket fluid is separated into vapor and liquid portions and, to increase the amount of high pressure steam delivered by the apparatus, low pressure steam from a separator is compressed by the screw machine and liquid from the separator is heated to a high temperature and high pressure. When additional electric power is desired, the low pressure steam from the separator is diverted from the screw machine. High pressure steam, manufactured by compressing and heating the liquid of the separator, is expanded in the screw machine, which adds its power to the main drive shaft, thereby adding to the available electric power.

Abstract: A turbine power plant consisting of a closed loop steam turbine system and a closed loop exhaust turbine system. An external fuel source is used to drive the steam turbine system. The heat energy of the hot exhaust fluid of the steam turbine system is transferred to the exhaust turbine system, therefore driving the exhaust turbine system. The turbines used in this invention are designed to allow a heat exchange relationship between the closed loop cycle of the steam turbine system and the closed loop cycles of the exhaust turbine system. In the closed loop steam turbine system, the hot exhaust fluid of the steam turbine system flows through a conduit where it gives up heat energy to the turbines of the exhaust turbine system, prior to reaching a condenser. The working fluid, now in a liquid phase, flows through a pump and then collects heat energy from the exhaust fluid of the turbines in the exhaust turbine system, preheating the working fluid prior to reaching a heater and the steam turbine.

Abstract: Means are provided for controlling and modulating the temperature of the hot gas exiting the combustor associated with a gas turbine engine. The means establish a preselected temperature gradient in the hot gas so as to provide a flow of hot gas at a relatively higher temperature through gaps between adjacent turbine vanes and a flow of hot gas at a relatively lower temperature upon the vanes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making ice wherein an ice cube maker has a generally upright gridded evaporator, a hot gas defrost for harvest of cubes, a storage bin below the evaporator, a hinged cube and water curtain between the evaporator and the bin, a new and improved control for the freeze cycle, and a new and improved control for the harvest cycle.

Abstract: A control system for controlling operation of a compressor of a vehicular air conditioning system. The control system comprises an electromagnetic clutch which is adapted to disengage so as to cut the drivable connection of the compressor with an engine. The electromagnetic clutch is in an electric circuit including a first switch adapted to close in the overheat condition of a fuel system, and a second switch adapted to close at an abrupt vehicle acceleration. Additionally, a timer is provided in the electric circuit to maintain the disengaged state of the electromagnetic clutch for a predetermined time upon close of both the first and second switches thereby to stop the operation of the compressor, thus improving vehicle acceleration performance under the fuel system overheat condition.

Abstract: A circuit for monitoring the heat dissipation capacity of a cooling medium by defining the initial heat dissipation capacity of the medium at a predetermined temperature of a temperature-sensitive element immersed in the medium. The circuit senses a change in temperature of the element and restores the temperature of the element to the predetermined temperature. Based on the level of power required to restore the temperature of the element to the predetermined temperature, the circuit defines the adjustment in heat dissipation capacity of the medium required to return the medium to the initial capacity. Also disclosed is a system including such a circuit which modifies the heat dissipation capacity of the medium by the required adjustment to return the medium to the initial heat dissipation capacity.

Abstract: A cabinet unit for housing component parts of an air conditioning system and in particular, to a cabinet formed by three molded sections that include a base section, a cover section and a back section that are interlocked in assembly to establish a high strength self-standing, rust proof enclosure. The back section contains a pair of internal vertical walls that coact with the cover section to form an air passage for connecting an inlet vent and an outlet vent and a separate equipment compartment adjacent to the air passage. A molded volute shaped wall closes the top of the air passage and forms a casing for housing a cylindrical fan. A guide means is removably supported in the front cover within the air passage adjacent the fan which serves to establish a stable laminar flow of air moving through the fan.

Abstract: A package terminal air conditioning unit that is split into two sections, an indoor section and an outdoor section. The components of the indoor section are housed in an indoor cabinet of all molded construction having a recirculating air duct that is contoured to conduct air quietly and efficiently through the cabinet. Interchangeable guide vanes are also mounted in the air duct to act in conjunction with a crossflow fan rotor which permits the cabinet to be adapted to accommodate fans of different sizes and shapes without having to alter the configuration of the molded cabinet. The outdoor section simply contains a heat exchanger and a small blower which are housed in a lightweight cabinet. The outdoor cabinet used in one preferred embodiment of the invention is hung on the outside wall of a building and the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the remaining air conditioning components housed in the indoor cabinet by two refrigerant lines.

Abstract: A jewelry member comprises an elongated, resiliently flexible coil spring element, a jewelry post on one end of the coil spring element and a jewelry clutch on the other end of the coil spring element. The jewelry member can be worn as a pierced earring by passing the post through an aperture in an earlobe of a wearer and then assembling the clutch on the post so that the spring element is retained in a substantially circular ring-like disposition. The jewelry member can alternatively be assembled in end-to-end relation with other similar jewelry members by assembling the post of each jewelry member with the clutch of another jewelry member to form an enlarged ring which can be worn as a necklace or a bracelet.

Abstract: Ravel resistance is provided in the present warp knit elastic tape by incorporating a thermoplastic heat fusible binder yarn extending back and forth across the width of the elastic tape and in courses of stitch loops forming walewise extending stitch loop chains in the elastic tape. The elastic tape is then heated so that the thermoplastic heat fusible binder yarn softens and fuses to the remaining yarns in the elastic tape to prevent unraveling of the stitch loop chains across the entire width of the elastic tape.

Abstract: A knitted fabric having a multi-layered structure made of non-hygroscopic fiber yarn, such as synthetic yarn, in which the inter-fiber space in a yarn composing a surface layer is smaller than that in a yarn composing a back layer. The size of the inter-fiber space can be controlled by varying the fiber fineness, knitted structure, and/or yarn type composing each of the layers. The fabric according to the present invention has good water-permeability and water-diffusibility and, therefore, is suitable for sportswear.

Abstract: A washing machine comprises an outer drum and an inner tub having water-expelling holes on its side wall. On the bottom of the inner tub, an agitator rotated intermittently by a motor is supported by means of bearings. An air trap is provided in communication with the gap between the outer and inner tubs. When the washing operation is started, the agitator is rotated and due to the pumping action of the agitator, the water level between the inner and outer tubs falls temporarily, which is detected by the pressure sensor connected to the air trap. The motor is deenergized according to the output from the pressure sensor and the agitator is stopped. Then the water level starts rising temporarily again thus the pressure sensor output is increased, which in turn energizes the motor and rotates the agitator. When such ON and OFF of the motor are repeated for more than the predetermined number of times, the washing operation will be completed.

Abstract: A combination padlock includes a casing, a shackle having a longer leg formed with plural projections thereon and a shorter leg adapted to be locked into a socket formed on the casing, a plurality of sleeves each having several keys formed on the outer perimeter and an inner annular extension having a slot operatively engaging with the shackle projections for locking purpose or disengaging the shackle by passing the shackle projections through the slot for opening purpose, and plural dials each operatively engaging or disengaging with each sleeve within each dial for changing or setting a combination of the lock by operating the shackle.

Abstract: A theft preventing attachment for a luggage handle defining, in the preferred embodiment, a resilient sheath (20) split in the middle with a ZIPPER (24) effectively covering the luggage handle when closed and secured with a lock (32). The second embodiment incorporating a hood (36) with a lock (42) covering the luggage handle such that only a smooth surface exists, making lifting impossible from the handle. The third embodiment applying a tumbler lock (50) with the pawl penetrating a cavity (52) in the handle keeping it in the closed or retracted position. In either event, carrying of luggage so locked would indicate a theft was taking place, overcoming the problem of unauthorized stealing of unattended luggage.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a dome in the bottom wall of a can body having a beveled peripheral edge incorporating a floating doming die and pressure ring to compensate for misalignment of the doming die and punch or the can body, and resilient members for restoring the doming die and pressure ring accurately to a normal coaxial central position.

Abstract: A pipe expander head and pipe expander is disclosed which comprises a housing 30, in which a pin 50 is mounted. The pin 50 has a tapered end 54 and is provided with a plurality of teeth 60. The teeth 60 mesh with a gear assembly 62, 66 and 68 which in turn are coupled to a handle 72. Upon rotation of the handle 72 the gear assembly 62, 66 and 68 is rotated to drive the pin to expand an expander head. The expander head includes a plurality of segments 39, 41, 43, 45, 47 and 49 which are coupled together with a circular spring 96. The expander head segments each include annular stepped expanding portions 72, 74, 76 and 78 and the stepped portions are provided with recesses 80 for accommodating a work piece to be expanded.

Abstract: A press assembly is disclosed with a series of punch/die sets for successive operations on parts connected together in a strip. The punch/die sets are conveniently relocatable anywhere on regularly-spaced fixed stations and the stations can receive more than one punch/die set. The punches and dies in the sets can be mounted on removable base plates or otherwise made movable to any spacing, such that the sets are easily spaced to reflect a length of the parts being manufactured. The increment of strip feed between operations of the press is also adjustable. The press assembly can therefore be inexpensively set up to make parts of any characteristic length.

Abstract: The present invention consists of a miniature vacuum chamber that is capable of testing individual dice prior to packaging. The upper portion of the chamber consists of a housing having testing probes and a vacuum inlet disposed therein. The lower portion of the chamber consists of a chuck that holds a wafer and a lower vacuum chamber. The lower portion is indexed to place a dice in contact with the probes. The upper and lower portions then form a seal and a vacuum is drawn in the area defined by the upper and lower chambers. The dice is then tested; the area pressurized; and the chuck indexed to test the next dice.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing the connection between a segment of pipe and a coupling comprising a cylindrical body member adapted to be inserted inside one end of the pipe segment, the body member having provided therein a plurality of hydrostatically operated pressure resistant sealing packers that are spaced apart and are forced laterally outwardly of the cylindrical body and into contact with the inner surface of the pipe segment and coupling, thereby sealing off the interior of the pipe segment so as to isolate a test fluid introduced under pressure in the annular space created between the sealing packers; and an inlet port in one end of the cylindrical body member and a fluid passageway provided longitudinally within the cylindrical body member and communicating with the inlet port and the annular space for admitting test fluid under pressure into the annular space.

Abstract: A pressure testing apparatus has a probe with a piercing tip. The probe sealingly engages a special entry port having a mating pressure-coupling body which establishes a sealing connection with the probe before the tip pierces the package. An adhesive sheet flange extends about the body of the entry port and sealingly secures the body to the package. This eliminates the need for external clamping or holding fixtures. In a preferred embodiment the pressure-coupling body is formed of a semi-rigid material and has a tapered through bore for receiving the probe. A face of the body defines a stop which limits the piercing travel of the probe tip. The probe assembly, in one embodiment has inlet and return ports which accommodate a pressure supply inlet line and a pressure sensing return line, respectively. A single piercing tip enters the packaging, with the inlet port located near to the tip end of the probe, and the return port located at a distal end.

Abstract: An on-board sensor system which compares the dielectric properties of lubricating oil in an internal combustion engine with the dielectric properties of unused oil in a contained volume and providing an output signal indicative of the changes in viscosity correlated to the dielectric constant changes of the lubricating oil.

Abstract: The bubble point pressure, vapor pressure and liquid composition of hydrocarbon liquid flow streams is determined by causing the liquid flow stream to flow through a system having a plurality of eductors at selected various total pressure differentials across the eductors and measuring the pressure at the minimum pressure point or suction port of the eductors to obtain a reading of the vapor pressure. The system may comprise an array of three or more eductors arranged in parallel having flow regulating valves for controlling the flow rate and pressure drop across the eductors, respectively. The system may also comprise one eductor connected to a plurality of flow lines, each having flow control and/or shutoff valves arranged to provide for selective control of the flow rate and the resultant total pressure drop.

Abstract: A brake torque loading linkage for vehicle spindle test fixtures permits applying a brake torque load while other loads are being applied, particularly vertical loading, where substantial movement is encountered, without requiring substantial compensation. The brake torque loading actuator is mounted to move with the vertical loading linkage. The reference for the brake torque is thus on the linkage that moves for applying the vertical load and there is no need to compensate for vertical movements of the spindle being tested when applying the brake torque. The linkage utilized comprises a bell crank loading linkage that is used for applying the torque to a spindle and in particular is useful for testing spindles mounted on pivoting swing arm mountings.

Abstract: Miniature thermal fluid flow sensors of the airfoil type are made in batch form by forming the thermal fluid flow sensors on a thin sheet of material and bonding the sheet over an array of duct structures and dicing the individual sensors and duct structures apart. In one thermal flow sensor configuration, a flow heater is dispsoed inbetween first and second thermal flow sensors in heat exchanging relation therewith. A third thermal flow sensor is disposed upstream of the others out of heat exchanging relation with the heater for operation of the heater at a certain temperature above that sensed by the third sensor. In the low flow regime, flow is measured by the difference between the outputs of the first and second sensors, whereas in the high flow regime, the power required to maintain the temperature of the heater serves as a measure of the flow.

Abstract: A liquid level sensing system having a sensing head with a pair of mutually insulated metal electrodes, one of the electrodes connected to the output of an amplifier and the other to the input. The gain of the amplifier is sufficienty high such that it will oscillate when the electrodes are immersed in a liquid and will be non-oscillatory when the electrodes are in air. The oscillation of the amplifier is detected to produce a signal corresponding to the presence of a liquid and also its characteristic.

Abstract: Light from a source is communicated to a measurand site. Interferometric means located at the measurand site modulates the light by means of a resonator, the frequency of which is related to the measurand value, said resonator being driven by the modulated light to provide localized oscillator loop closure at the measurand site. Embodiments are disclosed using modified Fabry-Perot and Michelson interferometer designs.

Abstract: An ultrasonic array having a number of juxtaposed transducer elements is used for imaging. The reception aperture of the array is divided into individual sub-arrays. Each of these sub-arrays receives, after emission of an ultrasonic signal correlated with it into the object, echo signals reflected therefrom. The echo signals received by the respective sub-array and which are reflected from a common focal point are added up to form a sum signal. For this purpose, at least for some of the transducer elements the delivered output signals are time-delayed according to given patterns. This procedure is repeated for various points along each scan line. The sequentially obtained sum signals are superimposed at each point of the scan line to form a received signal. With this line-oriented method, the same processing channels (time-delays) can be used several times, i.e. successively for each sub-array. This leads to cost-effective production.

Abstract: A fluid pressure transmitter suitable for use in potentially explosive atmospheres of the type comprising a measuring transducer provided with inductive, capacitive or resistive sensor means, the transducer having at least one measuring chamber in which electrical or electronic transducing elements are located, the measuring chamber being defined on one side by a measuring diaphragm and carrying on the other side at least one flameproof joint capable to permit passage of a pressure fluid in a direction towards or away from the measuring diaphragm. In order to ensure, at the same time, the compliance with explosion safety regulations, a sufficient pressure fluid flow rate and a great simplicity in structure and in carrying out the contruction, the flameproof joint or joints consist of one or more peripheral grooves provided at the interface that is defined by a small cylinder when force-fitted in a corresponding recess.

Abstract: The pressure gauge with a capsule formed by a cylindrical low cap sealed by a circular resilient membrane comprises, between this membrane and an indicating pointer, a kinematic linkage exclusively composed of three pairs of intermeshing gears. A spiral spring inserted under a small tension between the pointer shaft and a fixed stud takes up the lost motions of the gears thus maintaining a reliable connection between the membrane and the indicating pointer. Thanks to that linkage the ratio between the membrane deflections and the angular displacements of the pointer is rigorously linear. Furthermore, since the membrane deflections are directly proportional to the pressures in the capsule, the divisions of the dial graduation, which correspond to those pressures, are strictly equidistant.

Abstract: A fluid pressure transducer apparatus comprising a fluid pressure transducer mechanism and a fluid pressure-transmitting path. The fluid pressure transducer mechanism includes a fluid pressure detection mechanism, having a detection surface of a fluid pressure, for converting a fluid pressure into an electrical signal, and a chamber, formed on the detection surface, for storing a fluid. The path includes a cylindrical member having a first port communicating with the chamber and a plurality of second ports arranged on a surface perpendicular to an axis of the cylindrical member, and a stop cock arranged in the cylindrical member to be slidable with an inner surface of the cylindrical member. The stop cock has a path defined therein and a handle for slidably rotating the stop cock in the cylindrical member through a predetermined angle so that the path communicates the first port with only one of the plurality of second ports and no other second ports communicate with each other.

Abstract: A borehold probe includes a soft outer plastic cylinder secured to a central mandrel and inflatable by hydraulic pressure conducted therethrough to impinge upon the sidewall of a borehole with controlled pressure. A plurality of LVDT diameter sensors is secured to the probe in planes perpendicular to the axis thereof and spaced angularly thereabout. A plurality of acoustic transducers is also secured to the exterior of the probe to monitor acoustic emissions as well as to survey the earthen media with ultrasonic emissions. The cylinder inflation pressure is increased gradually to exceed both the tensil strength of the media and also the principal stress therein to initiate fracture of the media surrounding the borehole. The cylinder is then deflated to unload the fractured media, and gradually reinflated to first elastically deform the fractured media and then re-expand the fractures previously created.

Abstract: A highly portable pressure intensifier for use with a borehole dilatometer head having an expandable body defining an internal cavity to measure deformation properties of in-situ rock masses. The housing of the intensifier comprises two axially aligned interconnecting cylinders, one of which is of substantially larger diameter. The larger cylinder has a reciprocating piston mounted therein, the piston having a plunger portion which extends axially into the smaller cylinder. The smaller cylinder is connected to the cavity of the dilatometer head by means of high pressure tubing. The larger cylinder is filled ahead of the piston with a first working liquid. The second cylinder, the dilatometer head cavity and the interconnecting tubing are filled with a second working liquid.

Abstract: A mass flow meter for placement in line within a pre-existing process line. The flow meter having a conduit forming a substantially free floating spiral or circular loop which is symmetrical about the axis line defined by the process line. A driving transducer extending radially from a bracket on a support beam which is positioned along the axis line and attached to the inlet and outlet end of the conduit. The driver imparting an alternating deflection to the loop which is substantially perpendicular to the fluid flow within the loop and parallel to the axis line. Sensing transducers are positioned along the periphery of the loop, displaced equidistant from the driving transducer along its circumference for determining the deflection signature of the loop. The deflection of the loop in response to the fluid reaction forces is measured without reference to a specific fixed axis or position of the loop. This acceleration signature is correlated to the mass flow rate of the fluid through the conduit.

Abstract: A flowmeter with a rotor (21) is provided with blades (22) which are rotatably and coaxially supported in an essentially cylindrical bore (15). The rotor (21) is preceded by a screw-shaped and coaxial distributor (16) imparting a spin to the incident medium before this medium loads the blades (22). The rotation of the rotor (21) is detected in a contactless manner by a light barrier (29, 30, 31). In order to linearize as much as possible the flowmeter characteristics also in the case of impulsive flow, the rotor (21) is provided with blades of which the surfaces (22') loaded with the spinning flow are concave and are curved solely about axes of curvature which are parallel to the rotor axis (15'). Each blade (22) is provided with a slot (28) starting at one end of its side edges. The light beam (29) of the light barrier (29, 30, 31) orthogonally crosses the rotor axis (15') at a distance whereby one count signal is generated for each blade.

Abstract: Column-type load cells having recessed portions on opposite sides to receive strain gauges mounted on the web in the recesses for more linear response are improved by reduced cross sections off each end of the recesses, and/or by flexures off each end, with adjustment of the diameter of the reduced diameter portions and the distances of the flexures from the recesses to adjust the linearization effect of the recesses. Diaphragms arranged either at one end or both ends are used to support a tube cover. Utilizing two diaphragms, one at each end of a tube cover has been found to improve linearization even without reduced cross sections and/or flexures.

Abstract: A linear reciprocating motion device according to the present invention comprises an object which is movable exclusively in a prescribed direction, a cam groove which is formed on a closed curve, a linking rod whose one end is connected to said object and its the other end is engaged with said cam groove, and means for moving the other end of said linking rod along said cam groove with a prescribed angular velocity. The moving means with angular velocity comprises a crank arm whose length is free to be increased or decreased, with its one end connected to the other end of said linking rod and rotates in the interior of said closed curve, and a motor that causes to rotate the crank sub-arm that is linked to the crank arm at a constant speed.

Abstract: A transmission steering column mounted shift arrangement has an actuator lever pivotally mounted on the steering column. The actuator lever has a cam track which cooperates with the manual shift control lever to pivot the actuating lever. The actuating lever also has an output arm to which a transmission shift cable is secured. The shift cable moves substantially linearly when the actuator lever is pivoted.

Abstract: A transmission system has a main transmission, a sub-transmission, and a transfer clutch for four-wheel drive. The sub-transmission has a reduction gear train for providing a low speed range. A gearshift lever of the main transmission has an ultra-low speed position in a shift pattern. When the gearshift lever is shifted to the ultra-low speed position, a first speed gear of the main transmission and the low speed range of the sub-transmission are selected in response to the operation of the gearshift lever. Further the transfer clutch is engaged, so that ultra-low speed by the four-wheel drive is provided.

Abstract: A tilt steering column device includes a column tube assembly which comprises a lower column tube and an upper column tube. The column tube assembly is supported by a tilt center and tilt-lock means. A collar is provided at the tilt-lock means, and a guide bracket including an inclined surface and a holding support are fixed to an upper column tube. The collar has a front leg which is vertically held by the inclined surface and the holding support. By this structure, the column tube assembly can be vertically supported directly by the tilt-lock means without the intermediary of an energy absorbing bending bracket whereby the rigidity of the steering column is increased. The inclination of the inclined surface is near to the direction of the axis of the column tube assembly and thus the movement of the upper column tube is directed in the direction near to the axis of the column tube assembly.

Abstract: A multi-axial industrial robot having a compact modular design for the drive system, which can be varied in numerous ways. The robot consists of a column or stand (1), with a rocker arm (7) swingably supported thereon and an outrigger (9) swingably supported on the rocker arm. The modular construction system is achieved by locating in the rocker arm (7) the oscillatory drive (26) for the outrigger (9), as well as the oscillatory drive (16) for the arm itself. Preferably, in the rocker arm are housed the complete drives (16, 26) with only the off-drive members (21, 31) protruding outwardly. Off-drive members (21, 31) are centered and connected non-rotatably with the stand (1) and the outrigger (9). As a result, the rocker arm (7) rotates about the fixed off-drive member (21) with respect to the housing. Drives (16, 26) consist each of a motor (11, 13) and a two-step timing-belt drive (17, 20 and 27, 30), whose second step can be a gear transmission.

Abstract: An electromagnetically actuated locking clutch for differential gears of motor vehicles having two concentrically disposed toroidal coils (8, 21) firm on a housing, one for a non-positive disk clutch (14) and the other for a positive claw clutch (26) concentrically disposed in respect thereto. Both clutches (14, 26) connect a hub (2) and a socket (3). The hub (2) and the socket (3) are each non-rotatably connected with a connecting member of the differential gear. The disk clutch (14) is closed by an automatic device when a limit value for a relative speed is exceeded. The claw clutch (26) is optionally closed and automatically opened when a limit value for an actuation period is exceeded.

Abstract: A tandem axle assembly includes an interaxle differential mechanism coupled to divide power between two separate axle differential assemblies. Each axle differential assembly includes a pair of pinion gears having spherical gear seats and a pair of side gears having conical gear seats. Each axle differential assembly is rotatably supported within a housing by a pair of tapered roller bearings. The outer race of each bearing is located within an end of a differential case, while the inner race is positioned on a reduced diameter hub of a bearing retainer threaded into an opening in the housing. The opening in the housing is sized such that the bearing retainer having the inner race and an associated roller cage assembly thereon can be inserted therethrough during the assembly process. Also, the interaxle differential includes a separate lubricant sump for providing lubrication to the interaxle differential upon initial start-up conditions.

Abstract: An ultra-compact planetary drive provides a high reduction ratio and high power transmission without sacrificing the transmission efficiency. The compactness and versatility of the present invention is achieved by using an orbiting ring gear instead of the orbiting spur gears traditionally employed in the construction of the conventional planetary gear drive. The planetary drive of the present invention may be constructed by using gears on friction rollers or combination of gears and friction rollers.

Abstract: A method of controlling a transmission of a vehicle selectively either in a first mode of operation in such a manner that the transmission is shifted among a plurality of speed stages according to a first shift pattern, or in a second mode of operation in such a manner that the transmission is shifted among those speed stages which lacks at least one intermediate speed stage in the above-mentioned plurality of speed stages according to a second shift pattern, according selection between the above two modes of operation. On-off controlling of a lockup clutch is also changed in two modes according to the selection between the two modes of speed stage shifting, when it is incorporated in the transmission.

Abstract: The present invention provides an automatic transmission provided with an oil temperature increase prevention mode which automatically shifts gears on the basis of a gear-change pattern of that mode, and which is one of a plurality of gear-change patterns, in which downshift points are shifted toward the high-speed side from a standard gear-change pattern when the oil temperature signal rises above the level of a signal corresponding to a given temperature; and a control system for judging that oil temperature has increased to a given temperature on the basis of the oil temperature signal, and generating control signal so as to change the mode to the oil temperature increase prevention mode.

Abstract: A control valve system for controlling the operation of a continuously variable belt-driven motor vehicle transmission includes a first hydraulic pump that supplies fluid to the displacement cylinders of the transmission through a main pressure regulating valve and a transmission ratio control valve as a function of the setting of the manual selector valve and as a function of the torque requirement and speed of the vehicle. The torque converter is supplied with hydraulic fluid by way of a relief valve which comes into operating in the event of failure of an electronic control unit and a decrease in the vehicle speed. A first emergency operation on/off valve transmits torque at converter discharge pressure, by way of a second emergency on/off valve, as emergency operation control pressure to a transmission ratio control valve.