Abstract: The method and system employing double-acting, fluid-driven, twistor-pairs as combined flexural supports, joints, torque motors and linear-response angular deflectors in arms and legs of robots. Thus, the twistor-pairs at each joint advantageously serves as hinge or flexural support for the limb supported by the joint and simultaneously serves as double-acting turning motor for moving the portions of the arm or leg supported by the twistor pair. Various jointed-arm or jointed-leg robots, called "arthrobots" are shown embodying the invention. Controllably varying fluid pressure P.sub.1 and R.sub.2 (usually pressurized air) fed into elastic shells forming respective fluid chambers of a double-acting, twistor-pair at each joint, deflects a limb into predetermined predictable angular positions, depending upon these pressures.

Abstract: High pressure, fluid-driven tension actuators, axially contractible upon inflation by a suitable fluid such as compressed air to convert fluid pressure energy into linear contraction displacement, employ nearly spherical shell surfaces when inflated constrained by meridian and parallel elements. The inflatable shells are formed of elastomeric resilient material, and the constraining elements in certain embodiments of the invention comprise a reinforcing, tubular, knitted, fabric sleeve that axially encompasses, conforms to, and is bonded to a resilient, hollow bladder which defines a fluid chamber having at least one conduit connected at a polar location to bladder and sleeve for inflating and deflating the chamber. The parallel and meridian elements for constraining the elastomeric resilient shell include a generally square constraining pattern extending in an equatorial band around the shell upon inflation of the nearly spherical shell.

Abstract: Seal for maintaining gas-tight contact between casing wall and, particularly, automatic well swabs. The seal includes an upper portion containing a reinforcing tube and being minimally less in diameter than the casing interior, a tapering midsection and a lower skirt portion contacting the well casing. Also included is a secondary embodiment with an upper portion being substantially less in diameter than the casing interior and reinforcing ribs in the tapering midsection.

Abstract: A multisectional piston for opposed-piston, slider-crank-drive internal combustion engines. The piston has a ceramic skirt (1), a skirt head (2), and a ceramic piston head (3) with fire land (4). The ceramic piston head is provided with annular groove (6) for receiving a slotted, ceramic piston ring (7) and is seated on the skirt head (2). A ceramic, common centering sleeve (5) fixes the skirt and head. Metal or metal alloy centering piece (8) fixed on the piston rod (12) in snug fit (14) has a base plate (9) on which the skirt head seats. An end cover (10) seats on the piston head and has a centering hub (11) axially spaced by a gap (23) from the centering piece. In assembly, the skirt head and piston head are axially clamped between the end cover and the base plate by a screw connection (13).

Abstract: A ventilation system for cooling the accessory board area of a personal computer is disclosed. The system incorporates two thin fans capable of producing an airflow of 25 cubic feet per minute. The entire system is small enough to mount between the chassis of the computer and the outer cover, thereby avoiding disfigurement of the external appearance of the machine. A lower plenum attached to the housing of the system helps direct air toward the lower portion of the accessory boards. The fans are powered by a direct current voltage, and a grounding clip on the unit automatically attaches to the chassis, requiring only one connection to the disk drive connector. An electroluminescent lamp is employed to indicate operation of the system.

Abstract: A heating system for a transportable enclosure comprising a first side wall and a second side wall; the first side wall being an exterior wall and the second side wall being an interior wall; a third side wall connected to and facing the second side wall, a fourth side wall defining an interior space of the enclosure; the second side wall and the third side wall defining a predetermined space therebetween; an inlet passage provided at a first location in communication with said predetermined space; an air passage provided at a second location in communication with said predetermined space; heating means for supplying heat to said inlet passage; conduit means for connecting said heating means and said inlet passage; means for distributing said heat throughout said predetermined space; and, exhaust means for exhausting said heat from said predetermined space.

Abstract: A blast wave choke to be disposed at the above ground entrances of a ventilation system for a underground personnel shelter wherein a plurality of annular choke elements of progressively smaller inside diameter are aligned along a common axis and spaced one from the other by annular interposed spacer elements wherein each spacer element has an inside diameter that is greater than the adjacent choke elements wherein a blast wave entering the ventilation system will encounter a series of rings and set up an interference pattern which will dissipate the energy of the blast wave before it can enter the underground shelter and cause injury to persons or damage to property therein.

Abstract: Liquid beverage equipment for producing a consumable liquid beverage or a liquid beverage concentrate which can be mixed with a liquid diluent such as water to form a consumable beverage. The equipment includes a container for receiving a quantity of liquid such as lot water and a removable receptacle having a quantity of flavor imparting material therein with the receptacle being constructed to enable direct contact between the liquid and the flavor imparting material to form a liquid beverage which then can be removed from the container. The receptacle and depleted flavor imparting material are then removed from the container for disposal of the depleted flavor imparting material. The liquid fills the container to a predetermined level to remain in contact with the flavor imparting material for a predetermined time period before draining the liquid from the container.

Abstract: A baking oven embodying the method of this invention comprises a plurality of vertically stacked, vertically spaced heated baking plates. Every other one of the baking plates is periodically shifted from a horizontal baking position to an inclined discharge position wherein the disc of dough slides off the respective baking plate and falls toward the next lower baking plate. During its fall, the dough disc is engaged by an inverting apparatus which deposits it on the next lower baking plate in inverted relationship, so that both sides of the dough disc are successively exposed to the heat of the baking plate as the disc traverses downwardly through the stack of plates.

Abstract: A device for conveying pieces of dough through a fermentation chamber and/or a baking oven comprises a metallic transport band with upstanding lateral ribs of elastomeric material, especially silicon rubber, each having a continuous external groove of a depth approximating half the thickness of the rib which facilitates the fastening of the rib to the band and allows the rib to flex outward on passing around end rollers supporting the band. The band may also be provided with spaced-apart wooden flights bridging the space between the ribs for entraining the goods to be treated.

Abstract: In a machine for manufacturing decorative ice cream rolls, an elongate frame supports a plurality of ingredient dispensing stations including ice cream dispensing stations arranged along the frame. An ice cream manifold is mounted on the frame for coupling a continuous flow source of pressuized ice cream through ice cream distribution lines to ice cream dispensing stations. A conveyor conveys a continuous ice cream roll body along the frame and along the respective ingredient dispensing stations. A support tray dispensing station delivers successive adjacent support trays onto the conveyor at the upstream end to support the continuous ice cream roll body extruded through a roll forming head. At least one ice cream dispensing ice cream wave forming station is provided along the frame with at least one ice cream dispensing tube or nozzle and motor for generating the wave form pattern through an eccentric slide coupling.

Abstract: A system is provided for intermittently processing successive definite lengths of flexible sheet material in continuous web form, e.g., tractor-fed computer printout paper, with nearly tensionless transport of the web through web feeding operations, cyclical web processing and driving operations, and web delivery operations, that are not speed-interdependent. For each processing cycle, with the web extended without slack through an upstream lead to a processing station where a certain length of the web is positioned to be next processed, an excess length of loose web is fed into that lead, typically forming a loop in it; then the certain web length is processed and driven forward a distance shorter than the length of loose web; and then web is retracted from the upstream lead to remove the residual loose web and leave a next certain web length in position to be processed.

Abstract: A label imprinting machine has a feed hopper, a stacking hopper, an imprinting station, and a printing head at the imprinting station. Unimprinted labels are transported from the feed hopper to the imprinting station and imprinted labels from then to the stacking hopper. The machine further has a cartridge inking system including a holder for holding an ink cartridge, a pick up ring holding roll, an ink pick up ring on the pick up ring holding roll, an ink distribution roll in driving engagement with the pick up ring holding roll, and a power driven ink transfer roll engaging the printing head and frictionally engaging the ink distribution roll, to regulate the rotational speed of the ink distribution roll and the pick up ring holding roll. The ink distribution roll oscillates back and forth along its axis as it rotates about its axis.

Abstract: Pyrotechnic igniter capable of being fitted in, and withdrawn from the throat of the nozzle of a propulsion unit. The igniter comprises parts bearing on the convergent section (1a) and on the divergent section (1b) of the nozzle. In order to permit the fitting and the withdrawal of this igniter at any time, while improving the conditions of ignition of the propellent charge, the igniter comprises, on the one hand, an internal rupture member (2) and, on the other hand, external means of fitting (3) which are capable of expanding radially, this internal rupture member initially maintaining the external means of fitting in a deployed position.

Abstract: An articulated railcar for transportation of highway trailers is lightweight and has a deck height which permits heavy highway trailers to be carried without exceeding the maximum allowable center of gravity height above the top of the rail.

Abstract: A railway car is convertible from a grain carrying car to a vehicle transport car and vice-versa. The car has closed sides, a roof and a floor and end doors movable from a closed position when in the grain carrying mode and to an open position for vehicle transport mode. Loading hatches in the roof and dumping hoppers in the base allow for use in carrying grain and other comminuted material and longitudinally extending spaced and parallel vehicle grids are provided on one, two or three levels thereby permitting vehicles to be carried in a conventional manner when in the vehicle transport mode. The grids and supporting structure permit and facilitate the loading and unloading of grain or the like when in the grain carrying mode and the railway car is easily converted manually from one mode to the other.

Abstract: A work top is height adjustable and may tilt about a horizontal axis near the front edge. The work top may be mounted on an open office beam system or an office screen or partition in cantilever fashion or it may be a free standing unit. The work top is mounted for horizontal sliding movement and tilting on a horizontally extending undercarriage. The undercarriage includes an inclined strut journalled for sliding movement in a normally fixed inclined strut. A cable reeving system interconnects the work top and fixed inclined strut to maintain the work top in the same horizontal position regardless of its elevation. One or more tension springs, the tension of which may be adjusted, interconnect the under carriage and work top to counterbalance the weight of the work top and what may be positioned thereon such as a computer. A releasable latch locks the work top to the under carriage so that the work top may be locked in its height adjusted position.

Abstract: The present invention discloses both a security safe able to be mounted in the corner of a room and a method of securing such a safe. The safe is formed from three planar panels which are substantially mutually orthogonal and from two walls and a base. A front extends between the walls and base and faces the corner formed by the intersection of the walls and base. The front includes an opening with a lockable door. The safe is installed with its corner nestled into the corner of a room and a corresponding fastener is passed from the interior of the safe through each of the three safe panels into the walls and floor of the room.

Abstract: A batch-type pyrolysis furnace fired by a main heat source such as a gas burner or an electric heating coil in combination with an afterburner to burn volatiles generated in the furnace's main chamber, is operated to incinerate high-polymer loads smokelessy, yet is effectively safeguarded from explosions. A single thermocouple (throat TC) senses the instantaneous temperature in the throat of the furnace and in cooperation with a programmable controller, maintains a preselected ramp and soak temperature profile over the entire burn cycle. When the temperature required by the profile is exceeded, a single water spray actuated by a signal from the PC lowers the temperature below the profile. The throat TC thus maintains a fire under controlled temperature conditions in the main chamber without an explosion, using a single-stage system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of treating oil field wastes and particularly spent drilling fluids which contain barite and hydrocarbons which includes placing the drilling fluids into the upper end of a downwardly directed rotating kiln. Fuel and pressurized air are inserted into a furnace connected to the upper end of the kiln for supplying a fire to the drilling fluids in the kiln for igniting and burning the hydrocarbons in the drilling fluids as fuel until the drilling fluid is dry. Entrained particulates in the gas stream leaving the kiln are separated in a cyclone separator. The gases leaving the cyclone separator are passed through a secondary combustion unit to assure complete combustion of pyrolized carbonaceous residuals in the gas stream. The gases are then cooled in a heat exchanger and sent to a hydrosonic scrubber which removes the remaining particulates as well as oxides of sulfur.

Abstract: A pulse generator for a sewing machine drive, having a shaft revolving synchronously with the main shaft of the sewing machine. The pulse generator shaft is connected with two support elements which carry a strobe disk provided with control segments of bright and dark zones, the strobe disk extends between pairs of light emitting and light receiving components. The strobe disk includes a first partial disk non-rotationally connected with one support element and a second partial disk arranged adjacent and non-rotationally connected with the other support element, the angle regions of the mutually correlated bright and dark zones of the control segments of the two partial disks differing from each other, one support element being rotatable relative to the other support element, so as to change the bright and dark zones of the strobe disk.

Abstract: A canoe adapted to be collapsed or disassembled for transportation but which, when assembled is capable of use in sea-going applications, the canoe comprising a fore skeletal half frame and an aft skeletal half frame each comprising a number of separate frame members and releasably connected together by a plurality of over-center locking devices, and a hull skin adapted to sheath the half frames when connected together.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement in boat sails, which consists in providing one of the faces of the sail, and over at least part of the length of its leech, with a flat reinforcement which is thick with respect to the sail, and which is made from an elastically deformable material, the reinforcement being substantially constant and extending from the leech and in parallel thereto. The invention finds an application with sails mounted on a winding boom.

Abstract: A bow protector for protecting and cushioning the bow of watercraft such as sailboats, which includes a shaped, impact-receiving nose portion having a V-shaped inner angle for engaging the front edge of the bow and rearwardly extending arms designed to seat on opposite anterior surfaces of the bow. In a preferred embodiment the bow protector is provided with a longitudinal impact slot extending through the center of the nose portion and spaced ancillary impact slots also projecting through the nose portion and located adjacent to the central impact slot, in order to cushion impact forces received by the bow protector when the watercraft strikes a dock, another watercraft or any other relatively unyielding object. The bow protector is suspended on the bow of the watercraft by means of starboard and port elastic guy lines which extend through guy line openings provided in the bow protector and are anchored to cleats secured to the foredeck of the watercraft.

Abstract: A marine standoff that maintains a watercraft at a fixed distance from a dock or wharf. The marine standoff may be used as a portable unit and stored on board the watercraft or may be used as a fixed unit and left permanently attached to a fixed mooring point. A preferred embodiment includes an attaching hook/clip combination on one end of the marine standoff and an elastomer tip at the other end of the marine standoff through which a line is passed through at the elastomer tip end. A stainless steel cable is attached to the safety clip portion of the hook, said cable being housed within the interior chamber of the marine standoff. The cable end which is remote from the hook is connected to an exterior pull ring which allows the remote release of the safety clip for easy removal of the standoff from a docking device such as a cleat or ring.

Abstract: An anti-glare screen adapted to be mounted to concrete median barriers so as to block light from the headlights of oncoming vehicles on the opposite side of the glare screen. The anti-glare screen comprises a plurality of corrugated sections overlapped to form a continuous barrier yet flexible enough to conform to bends in a roadway.

Abstract: An advertising device formed of sheet material having a first and second portion, one of which includes a predetermined visual indicia formed thereon, and the other portion having a non-visible or latent image or indicia formed thereon; whereby the latter is rendered visible by coating the latent image with a developing ink. This disclosure further contemplates a developing device for developing the latent or non-visible image or indicia, which includes a support arranged to receive the sheet of material so that the portion having non-visible or latent image is predeterminedly positioned at a developing station formed on the support adjacent to a source of a developing ink supply formed thereon.

Abstract: A door closure apparatus for processing a wafer paddle used to support microchips in a process tube using the chemical vapor deposition process. The device has a flexible joint which enables the sealing door to squarely seat against a processing tube whether or not the processing tube is correctly aligned. Further, the device has an adapter which enables paddles with variously shaped handles to be accepted in the standard processing tube as if the handles were round.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a pair of cuff assemblies for the adult and child and an interconnecting strap assembly, all three assemblies being made of the same material which is an extensible fabric band similar to the extensible material used in waist bands for women's skirts and slacks. Other than size, the two cuff assemblies are identical in structure. Loop and pile locking material is used for setting the correct length of each cuff and is placed on the interior of the cuff of that when the cuff is in place, the loop and pile locking material closure is inaccessible. The use of the loop and pile locking material also provides an inextensible portion of the cuff which will prevent the cuff elongated when in place to slip the hand of the wearer out of the cuff.

Abstract: A heating body is provided for a gas water heater in the form of a vertical tubular chamber (1) obstructed at its upper end by a heat exchanger (2) itself having a pipe section (4) through which the water to be heated flows, the rear (6) and side (7,8) portions of the wall of said chamber being formed by a protective metal sheet (11) lined on the inside with a refractory material body (10). The front portion (9) of said wall is a heat conducting metal panel adapted so as to form a capacity or chamber (16) through which the water to be heated flows just upstream of the exchanger.

Abstract: An improved valve, responsive to the loss of coolant under pressure in a diesel engine or the like, to open and allow fluid flow downstream with a consequent loss in fluid pressure, which is recognized by a pressure sensitive fuel valve supplying fuel flow to the engine. The coolant loss valve includes a three-part housing having the periphery of an elastomeric rolling diaphragm trapped between two housing parts and forming a coolant chamber. A spring-loaded piston and pin assembly transmit diaphragm movement, the pin forming a valve controlling fluid flow through a die cast aluminum head structure which is the third part of the housing. A stainless steel pin is used for corrosion resistance and is supported for axial movement in a dual quad ring seal and sleeve structure.

Abstract: A two-cycle engine includes a port timing control device for varying a timing of the opening of an exhaust port. The port timing control device include a valve member having an end face curved along a cylinder, the valve member being angularly movable in a direction of the axis of the cylinder between an extended position where the valve member is extended into an exhaust passage with the end face closing an upper portion of the exhaust port and a retracted position where the valve member is retracted from the exhaust passage and fully received in a recess formed in an upper wall of the exhaust passage, with the end case opening the upper end portion of the exhaust port. The end face of the valve member is complementary in shape to an end face of the recess.

Abstract: An adjustable rotating valve shaft system for the introduction and exhausting of gases of the internal combustion engine, comprising an adjustable rotating valve shaft driven by the crankshaft, consisting of smaller sections, one or more per cylinder, each section containing either or both intake and exhaust passages, each section being serrated or notched on both ends so as to inter-lock and be adjustable as per valve timing specifications. Intake and exhaust passage are separated by annular seal rings. The complete shaft assembly rotates in a lubricated one piece or two-halved machined bore, said bore having access to openings to combustion chambers of all cylinders, and all openings of the intake and exhaust manifolds.

Abstract: A filter for the engine oil systems of internal combustion engines, fits into a standard oil filter cartridge or recepticle. The filter cartidge may be of any conventional type, but should be of the best quality, and able to remove as much as possible of the particulate contaminents to provide the best possible mechanical filtering function. The body of this filter cartridge is impregnated with specific chemicals of the type normally added to the lubricating oils by the manufacturer before distribution to counteract the inevitable oxidation, nitration and changes in acidity that degrade a lubricating oil in normal use. The chemicals must be impregnated into the filter in such a manner as to leach into the crankcase oil, over a period of time, in amounts that will compensate for losses in the system, and the amounts and types of chemicals can be structured for any given car, for a given mileage, and for given driving conditions.

Abstract: The procedure for the introduction of a layer charge for Otto motors uses a richer mixture in the area of the spark plug and a correspondingly weaker for the remaining areas. The rich mixture is led under pressure through "squish" spaces to the spark plug, in which, in one embodiment, at least one flow vortex accelerated at medium power by the type and shape of the combustion chamber together with the position of the "squish" spaces is created. In this way a very low fuel consumption at minimal carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and nitrogen content of the exhaust gas is achieved. The motor can be driven at a total mixture composition of Lambda 1.5 or more, in which a readily ignitable mixture of Lambda 0.8 to 1.0 is injected into in the area of the spark plug.

Abstract: A fuel pumping apparatus of the rotary distributor type has a spill control sleeve mounted on the distributor member. The sleeve is axially movable to vary the quantity of fuel delivered by the apparatus and in addition the distributor member is also axially movable by means of a pressure responsive piston, the pressure applied to which varies in accordance with the speed of the associated engine.

Abstract: A low profile fuel injection rail assembly for supplying fuel to a plurality of electromagnetic fuel injectors on an internal combustion engine. The fuel rail assembly is characterized by a plurality of fuel sump chambers defined by linearly spaced apart nodular rail sections which are connected in series by a plurality of tubular rail sections having cross sectional openings of reduced size. Each sump chamber surrounds an injector socket recessed into the bottom of the rail or an injector receptacle recessed into the top of the rail. Fuel is supplied to the injectors through inlets in the sockets or receptacles. Fuel supply and return fitments are mounted at one end of the rail along with means for connecting a fuel pressure regulator having two coaxial fuel passageways.

Abstract: The device substantially comprises an upper body in which is formed a first perforation in communication with an air intake opening and delimited by a first conical surface and a support element for a fuel atomisation and metering valve having a tubular form and connected to the first conical surface by means of a pair of ribs disposed substantially in the plane which contains the axis of the first conical surface. The device further includes a lower body in which is formed a second perforation delimited by a second conical surface coaxial with the first and which is in communication with a mixture supply opening, the cone angle of the second conical surface being greater than that of the first conical surface.

Abstract: A method of effecting feedback control of the air-fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture supplied to an internal combustion engine to a first predetermined value, by correcting a basic fuel supply quantity by the use of a correction coefficient variable in response to the output of an exhaust gas ingredient concentration sensor, when the engine is operating in a predetermined feedback control region. A predetermined engine low-load operating region outside the predetermined feedcback control region is defined by at least one parameter representing load on the engine. When the engine enters the predetermined low-load operating region, the correction coefficient is gradually decreased until the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture is increased to a second predetermined value leaner than the first predetermined value.

Abstract: In an A/F ratio sensor of mixture supplied for an internal combustion engine, which has a detector for detecting the concentration of residual oxygen in exhaust gas and determines the A/F ratio by retrieving an air excess ratio table with an output of the detector, there is further provided an additional air introducing device, which introduces a predetermined quantity of air into the engine for a certain period of time, under the condition that the velocity of air flowing through a throttle valve is equal to the sonic velocity. The oxygen concentration detector is calibrated by the comparison of the outputs thereof before and after introduction of the additional air. According to this invention, the A/F ratio of the mixture can be detected accurately without the influence of the aged deterioration of the oxygen concentration.

Abstract: A system for updating data stored in a table at a steady state of engine operation in accordance with a feedback signal. When during a predetermined period between a maximum value and a minimum value of the output voltage of an O.sub.2 -sensor is smaller than a predetermined limit value, the updating is stopped.

Abstract: A fuel supply control method for controlling the quanity of fuel being supplied to an internal combustion engine, in a feedback manner responsive to the output of a means for detecting the concentration of an ingredient in exhaust gases emitted from the engine. When the engine is operating in a predetermined low speed operating region wherein the rotational speed of the engine is lower than a predetermined speed higher than the idling speed and the intake pipe absolute pressure is higher than a predetermined value higher than a value normally assumed at idle of the engine, the above feedback control is interrupted and the fuel quantity is increased by a predetermined amount so as to make the air/fuel ratio of a mixture being supplied to the engine richer than a theoretical mixture ratio.

Abstract: A flue gas/combustion air heat exchanger for a furnace. The furnace includes a combustion chamber that burns a mixture of fuel and combustion air to produce heat for a comfort zone. The resulting products of combustion, along with any waste heat not transferred to the zone, pass through a flue duct before venting to atmosphere. Incoming combustion air is discharged across the relatively hot flue duct before it enters the combustion chamber. In passing across the hot flue duct, the incoming air is preheated by waste heat of the combustion products. The heat exchange relation between the incoming combustion air and the combustion products within the flue duct enables the furnace to recover waste heat that would otherwise be lost if the combustion products were free to discharge to atmosphere before giving up a portion of their waste heat to the incoming combustion air.

Abstract: A food warming oven has a wire rack frame surrounded by an insulation fabric cover which acts to retain heat within the oven, yet breathes to prevent moisture buildup in the heat retention volume. A flame producing device is disposed within the oven to provided a flame heat source. A heat distribution plate is disposed above the flame to insure a uniform heat distribution throughout the heat retention volume. A retention apparatus insures that the heat source is reliably and securely retained with the oven.

Abstract: A device for detecting the diversion of gas furnace or gas hot water heater exhaust into a dwelling due to chimney backdrafting detects a sustained rise in the temperature of the gases passing through the draft-diverter orifice. A significant rise in temperature indicates that the above condition has occurred. This temperature rise is recorded only after the condition has persisted for a sufficiently long period of time, thereby avoiding the recording of temporary backdrafting conditions which are not required to be recorded. The device consists of a high temperature resistant plastic strip or other material with similar conductivity and specific heat qualities with a temperature sensitive color-change material mounted on the surface of the plastic strip at one end of the strip. This strip is attached to the furnace or gas hot water heater in a preferred location with the color-change material facing away from the normal flow of backdrafting exhaust gases.

Abstract: An apparatus for heating water, especially a hot-water boiler. The apparatus has a combustion chamber and two or more heat exchangers that are disposed one above the other. The heat exchanger disposed in the bottom of the apparatus is associated with a condensation chamber. In order to be able to operate this heat exchanger without water, and to be able to raise the efficiency of the apparatus as a whole, the heat exchanger of the condensation chamber is provided with a fresh air inlet and a fresh air outlet. Air is conveyed through this heat exchanger, whereupon it is heated up. This warmed air is supplied to the burner of the apparatus.

Abstract: An improved burner for heating water in a hot water system is provided. This burner includes an inlet tube having flared ends and a constricted middle portion to provide an increased amount of air into the barrier. The burner also includes a barrel which communicates with the inlet tube to receive fuel gas and air from it. It vents this air and fuel gas mixture through a large number of ports formed through its sidewalls and arranged in a predetermined pattern to produce a continuous combustion layer when the user ignites the venting mixture. These ports have a width substantially smaller than their length and they produce small, nonluminous, bluish flames which form the combustion layer. This combustion layer burns hot to raise the temperature of the barrel segments surrounding the ports to a level at which the segments glow red and emit infrared heat.

Abstract: In a fryer, a conduit extends through a frypot so as to be immersed in a frying oil. Combustion occurs in an inlet portion of the conduit. Products of combustion are exhausted through an outlet portion of the conduit and through serpentine channels along certain walls of the frypot. Insulative panels form outer walls of the channels. In a burner for the fryer, a vortex of air is provided, and a minor portion of gas is ignited before a valve controlling a major portion of gas is opened. Means provide a minimum delay of one to three seconds, when it has been sensed that combustion has been established, before the valve is opened.

Abstract: An ultrasonic tool instrument includes an axial assembly of a piezoelectrically driven transducer 1, a mechanical amplifier or booster 2, and an elongate concentrator or sonotrode 3. The abutting end surfaces 26, 33 and centering shoulders 25, 34 of the amplifier and sonotrode are tightly clamped together by a differentially threaded screw sleeve 4 accessed by a rotatable key rod 5 extending through central bores 18, 28 in the transducer and amplifier to ensure the precise axial alignment and centering of the sonotrode.

Abstract: A motion exerciser for the lower leg of a patient engages only the lower leg and has a tray receiving the calf of the lower leg connected by describing elements to a frame which is inclined upwardly away from the patient. A motor-driven carrying element is reciprocatable along the tray and is pivotally connected to the lower leg support at whose opposite end from the tray a footrest is provided which can be moved back and forth on the lower leg support against the force of a pair of springs. A display is provided for the force generated against the footrest.