Abstract: A construction element adapted to be fixed to the facade of a building is produced by hardening a composition consisting essentially of foamed synthetic material with a particle size of 2 mm to 7 mm, cement and water and of a bulk density of 0.2 to 0.4 kg/dm.sup.2 and a thermal conductivity of 0.06 to 0.08 w/mh.degree. K. Mounting clips are driven into the body to enable it to be attached to the building facade.

Abstract: A lightweight, insulated facing brick is provided with a first outer layer formed from conventional bricking clay and a second insulative layer formed from a combination of clay and expanded vermiculite, which greatly increases the insulative qualities of the brick and also reduces its weight.

Abstract: A building foundation form work arrangement in which a plurality of boxes 1 are located on a supporting level surface and are kept apart to leave channels 4 between the boxes 1, and spacers 22 engaging respective sides of each of the corners of the boxes 1 so as to hold these in position against substantial lateral dislodgement forces when concrete is poured into the channels 4.

Abstract: A window frame apparatus includes flat metal inserts which are inserted into hollow plastic members which form a frame. The metal inserts are disposed so that the direction of maximum resistance to bending opposes the direction of wind loading, thereby providing a light-weight yet relatively stiff apparatus.

Abstract: A metal fitting for fixing a precast concrete board comprises: a supporting metal member with one end portion secured to the board and with the other end portion provided with a first screw to move the board upward and downward through the supporting metal member and a second screw to move the board backward and forward through the supporting metal member; and an adjusting metal member including a base board which is secured to a building's structure, and a pair of third screws for moving the board rightward and leftward through the supporting metal member, so that the position adjustments of the board in the three directions can be achieved independently of one another.

Abstract: A free floating hard wood floor system has upper and lower subfloors sandwiched to provide a monolithic panel system which supports the floorboards with optimum rigidity and integrity at a reduced cost. The upper subfloor has grooves milled in the bottom surface with flat clinching strips received within the grooves. The floorboards are disposed above the upper subfloor and secured thereto by a plurality of clinching nails extending through the florboards, the upper subfloor and into the upper subfloor after deflecting on said clinching strips.

Abstract: A profile open/fold-up truss for use in the building industry comprises: a collapsible roof member; at least one floor beam; a pair of wall studs, each wall stud including top and bottom half studs pivotably connected to opposite ends of the roof member and the floor beam, respectively; a hinge arrangement for pivotably connecting the top and bottom half studs; and a pair of foundation studs pivotably connected to opposite ends of the floor beam to support the truss. The truss is transported to the construction site in a preassembled state and subsequently unfolded to form a complete truss structure requiring minimal on-site labor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wallboard panel construction including first and second abutting wallboard panels secured to generic framing members by a series of distortable clip pairs, each of the clips having substantially flat, coplanar plate and tongue portions, extending at substantially right angles and in opposite directions from central web portions, the web portions extending within the wallboard panel joints terminate with wallboard impaling pointed portions extending in the direction of and substantially parallel to the plate portions, the tongue portions are severed or slotted to form a fastener attachment terminal end portion, hinged from the plate portion by leaf spring edge portions, the first wallboard panel having a first series of clips, initially having coplanar plate and tongue portions with the terminal fastener ends mechanically secured (screwed or nailed) to a framing subsurface, the second wallboard panel having a second series of identical clips with tongue portions urged between the first wallboard

Abstract: A packaging machine suitable for the continuous packaging of individual products, or of groups of overlapped products having a different size in height, such as signatures, newspapers, magazines, books, and the like, and provided with at least one running-belt pressing device which is vertically shiftable and is made integral with a car which suitable for reciprocating inside the packaging machine, and which supports a transversal-welding unit, which is provided with a combined motion of the welding element both downwards towards and products and of accompanying of the same products, so as to make it possible said products to be correctly packaged and to be perfectly stacked, with the packaging of even one individual product being made possible, independently on whether it even contains an extremely small number of pages.

Abstract: A device for inserting picture slides into storage pockets comprises a magazine for a stack of slides and a pusher having a blade which passes through an entrance slot at the bottom of the magazine to engage the lowest slide in the magazine and push it through an exit slot at the opposite side of the magazine and into a storage pocket with which a tongue which projects forwardly of the magazine has been inserted. The device makes it possible to quickly insert picture slides into storage pockets.

Abstract: Different products are hermetically sealed in separate but integrally adjoining packages to form package pairs or what might be called "dual" packages. All of the packages are made from two continuous sheets of plastic packaging material, and the separate packages of each pair are differentially-conditioned by differential evacuation and/or gassing to different pressure levels. A continuous series of filled side-by-side containers formed from one sheet of packaging material is conveyed in two parallel rows into a sealing region where a cover sheet is laid over the containers to form packages. A group of the packages is stopped in the sealing region, and are clamped and partially sealed around the peripheries of the individual packages. The individual side-by-side units of the package pairs are differentially conditioned as to vacuum pressure or gas pressure or composition through aligned openings between adjacent containers in each of the parallel rows.

Abstract: A process for wrapping a load with prestretched film comprising unwinding and prestretching the film before applying the film to the load, passing the load through a curtain of film and cutting the film behind the load while forming the curtain and wherein said prestretching step includes positioning the prestretching means in a standby position in front of the load wherein said means are positioned close together while initially prestretching the curtain, moving the prestretching means apart transversely in association with the required delivery of the prestretched film until such means are in a spaced apart position near the side surfaces of the load, prestretching the film to cover the side surfaces of the load, prestretching the film to cover the rear surface of the load, and then moving the prestretching means toward one another transversely behind the load until they are close together in association with the necessary delivery of prestretched film.

Abstract: This invention relates to a system for automatic performance of agricultural tasks such as lawn mowing. It comprises in combination a guide rail (2; 110) more or less buried in the ground, and an agricultural vehicle such as a lawn mower, provided with a support frame (6; 101), with at least one tool such as a cutting bar (8, 16a, 16b; 102), drive means (4a, 4b, 5a, 5b; 103, 104a, 104b) and guide means (27, 29; 106, 108) mounted movably on said support frame and designed to work with said guide rail to cause said vehicle approximately to follow the guide rail.

Abstract: A pull type swather having double swath and enhanced operating to transport mode change capabilities. A subframe is mounted forwardly of a rear frame and the two are pivotally connected. The table of the swather includes a pair of draper decks operable to be independently moved relative to each other and to the table. A hitch is pivotally connected to the subframe and a hydraulic cylinder is operable to adjust the angle of the hitch relative to the table. The subframe is locked to the rear frame during operation and until the transport mode is desired wherein the subframe is unlocked and pivoted relative to the rear frame. Provision is made for automatically interchanging between the transport and operating modes.

Abstract: An integrally molded plastic lawn rake head features a frame section composed of a first, comparatively inexpensive, synthetic resin having a relatively low modulus of elasticity and a tine section composed of a second, comparatively tougher, more elastic and wear-resistant synthetic resin; the tine section having a root portion integrally molded in and securely interlocked in intimate contact with the frame section to preclude separation of the tine section from the frame section of the lawn rake head.

Abstract: In the case of a process and an arrangement of producing spools containing two yarn components respectively and serving as feed spools for a twisting process, it is provided that the two yarn components that are each prestrengthened by means of false-twisting nozzles, are guided between a drafting frame and the spool on paths of different lengths, so that nonuniformities of the two yarn components that may have occurred during the drawing are not disposed directly next to one another.

Abstract: A combined steam-gas-turbine power plant includes a steam turbine and a first gas turbine drivingly connected to first and second electric generators. A second gas turbine is arranged for driving a compressor supplying air to both a steam boiler and a combustor which respectively provide working fluid for the steam and gas turbine. The compressor is driven at a variable speed in accordance with the load requirements of the first and second generators. Gas turbine exhaust is used for recuperative heating of both fuel and air supplies.

Abstract: A dual-fuel, dual-mode rocket engine 60 is made by modifying a baseline single-mode booster engine 10. A second hydrogen propellant system 62, and a fuel mixer 68 is added to provide a means for delivering and mixing a hydrogen fuel 66 with the baseline engine hydrocarbon fuel 36 upstream of exhaust nozzle cooling jacket 38. A second dual-fuel, dual-mode rocket engine 61 is made by modifying a baseline single-mode main engine 11. A hydrocarbon propellant system 63, and a fuel mixer 69 is added to provide a means for delivering and mixing a methane fuel 67 with the baseline engine hydrogen fuel 23 upstream of exhaust nozzle cooling jacket 27. The resulting fuel mixture within both embodiments of the invention described above is utilized for thrust chamber fuel and exhaust nozzle cooling. The relative quantities of each fuel within the mixture vary to provide a progressively less dense mixture throughout a rocket flight.

Abstract: A unique anti-icing management system for a gas turbine engine is disclosed according to which, at all times, only the required amount of heat is applied to inlet surfaces of the engine to prevent the formation of ice. Heated air is bled from the compressor discharge for this purpose and the amount of flow of the heated air is adjusted by a uniquely operated solenoid valve under the direction of an electronic control responsive to any one of a variety of meaningful conditions including, but not necessarily limited to, temperature of an anti-iced surface at the inlet to the engine, rotational speed of the engine, and the presence of an ice producing meteorological condition. The solenoid valve assumes only two operable positions, namely, a fully open position and a fully closed position, and is operated in a pulsed fashion to control flow on a time basis, rather than on a percentage-of-opening basis which is the conventional mode of operation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a two-stroke internal combustion engine comprising an engine block including therein a combustion chamber, a piston, an exhaust passage communicable with the combustion chamber for conducting gas away from the combustion chamber, and structure for sensing a condition present in the combustion chamber gas at a time near the end of the power stroke and including a passage communicable between the combustion chamber and the exhaust passage and having therein a sensor for sensing a condition present in the gas flow in the passage.

Abstract: A device for detecting a timing at which a refresh operation should be commenced for a filter for trapping particulates in exhaust gas in a diesel engine. The device calculates a trapping ratio by the filter from smoke density values at positions upstream and downstream of the filter, respectively. The smoke density at the position upstream of the filter is detected or is calculated from a data table in a memory. The detected trapping ratio is compared with a predetermined threshold value to determine whether it is time to commence a refresh operation for the filter. The threshold value is fixed or calculated from a data table in a memory.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a marine propulsion unit having an exhaust conduit into which the exhaust gases and engine coolant are discharged. The exhaust conduit has a separator portion that is affected to separate the coolant from the exhust gases under high speed running conditions so as to achieve maximum power output through a reduction in back pressure but no substantially no separation is provided at low speeds so that silencing will not be adversely affected.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control means for motorcycles or the like wherein an expansion chamber that contains an exhaust control valve is positioned beneath and to the rear of the engine. The individual exhaust pipes extend from the exhaust ports of the engine into the expansion chamber in proximity to the valve for improving the performance throughout the engine speed and load ranges.

Abstract: A manifold which is mounted either on the intake side or on the exhaust side of an internal combustion engine. A main body of a manifold is divided into an end manifold, at least one intermediate manifold and a base manifold. Branch pipes are formed by a bulging process to project upright branch pipes on a side of each manifold, and manifolds are connected on ends with gaskets interposed therebetween so that the bending moment caused by the expansion of metal members due to hot exhaust gases may be absorbed instead of being concentrated on the roots of the manifold to enhance the durability of the manifold.

Abstract: A device for feeding energy to a cylinder rotationally mounted on a stationary machine part includes a hydraulic pump disposed in the cylinder, and a transmission device located between the stationary machine part and the hydraulic pump, the transmission device being engageable with the hydraulic pump at a drive side thereof for driving the pump.

Abstract: A hydraulic motor vehicle brake system with a master cylinder (61) and a hydraulic power booster (24) connected upstream of the master cylinder (61), in which a pressure medium pump (1) which may be driven by an electric motor is used for providing an auxiliary hydraulic energy. The drive of the pressure medium pump (1) may be switched on by a pressure accumulator (26) which in the unbraked operation of the automotive vehicle is permanently kept on a pressure level sufficient for an initial actuation of the brake. The pressure accumulator (26) is charged by means of a pressure control valve (7) in which a valve passage (15, 17) is operable by a hydraulic pressure in the booster chamber (23) of the power booster (24) such as to ensure that upon pressurization of the booster chamber (23) a connection will be locked between the pressure accumulator (26) and the power booster (24).

Abstract: A heat transfer system has a rotary machine 22 with compressor and expander regions and gas is first compressed in machine 22, passes through heat exchanger 23, is heated in combustor 24, then expands in machine 22, then passes through heat exchanger 23 to heat the gas, then passes through heat exchanger 107 to heat fluid in line 108. The machine 22 drives a heat pump 110 to heat fluid in line 111. Arrangements having two rotary machines are also described. A rotary machine has a rotor eccentrically mounted in a casing having axial end parts and a circumferential part and with vanes defining compartments with the casing and providing a compression region and an expansion region, valve means in the circumferential part adjacent the upstream edge of the outlet from one or both of the regions and responsive to pressure in the adjacent compartment to reduce or avoid excess pressure in the compression region or suction in the expansion region.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a hermetic refrigerant compressor pump which is used to compress helium is cooled by fins which are press fitted to the compressor's housing. The compressor is further cooled by a heat exchanger which cools oil in an oil sump located within the compressor housing. Preferably, a fan is located between the fins and the heat exchanger to help cool the pump.

Abstract: Krypton and a monolithic porous carbon such as Saran carbon are used respectively as the sorbate and sorbent of an adsorption type refrigerator to improve refrigeration efficiency and operational longevity.

Abstract: A chiller system for satisfying a cyclical cooling load including a fuel-fired prime mover and compressor set and a cold storage bank. The prime mover compressor set is sized for efficient, substantially continuous operation from cycle to cycle and the cold storage is sized to provide any short term deficiency of cooling rate in the prime mover compressor set. The prime mover compressor set is preferably operated during periods of cooling demand and is modulated in output capacity to extend real time matching of cooling delivery rate and consumption. A condenser reset temperature feature takes advantage of cyclic changes in operation to improve efficiency.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for thermal storage improved to deliver cold liqud refrigerant during a supply cycle by freezing storage liquid envelopes only on tubes defining refrigerant flow paths during an ice production and storage cycle and extending the effective flow paths during the supply cycle through supplementary conduits immersed in free storage liquid which is chilled by the exterior of the frozen envelopes.

Abstract: In one exemplar embodiment, method and apparatus for controlling capacity of a multiple-stage cooling system is disclosed which utilizes means for establishing a single predetermined cooling stage "cut-in" pressure and a single predetermined cooling stage "cut-out" pressure, means for determining that the "cut-in" or "cut-out" pressures have been reached in the system, a delay means for introducing a selected minimum time delay after determining that the refrigerant fluid pressure has either reached the established "cut-in" or "cut-out" pressures, and control means for controlling the turning on or off of the next cooling stage after the time delay has elapsed.

Abstract: Apparatus for detecting frost buildup on an evaporator (34) of a refrigeration system (10) includes an air velocity sensor (42) in the air flow path. The sensor is connected to an analog to digital converter (46) which delivers binary signals representative of air velocity to a microcomputer (50) which includes a processor and a memory. Microcomputer (50) is programmed to prompt an operator through a screen (56) at a user station (52) to input an air flow reduction factor at a keyboard (54). The microcomputer uses the air flow reduction factor and the velocity sensed when the evaporator is fully defrosted to calculate a defrost initiation value. When the air velocity sensed at the sensor is no longer greater than the initiation value the microcomputer generates a defrost initiation signal. The microcomputer also includes a timer clock and periodically prints at a printer (58) the time and the velocity sensed.

Abstract: A refrigerating apparatus includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator interconnected in that order. A hot gas bypass pipeline with a solenoid valve is connected at one end between the compressor and the condenser and at the other end between the expansion valve and the compressor. A temperature detecting switch detects a temperature of the piping between the discharge side of the evaporator and the intake side of the compressor. The temperature at which the detection switch can respond is set at a predetermined value at which no influence is exerted on components of the apparatus formed of thermoplastic resin. When the temperature at the intake side of the compressor rises to the predetermined value, the detecting switch detects this predetermined value to cause the compressor to stop operating.

Abstract: In refrigeration system, a first solenoid operated valve in parallel disposition with an inlet pressure regulator for refrigerant to a receiver. The refrigeration system also includes a second solenoid operated valve disposed in a receiver bypass line. The first solenoid valve is a normally open valve and the second, bypass solenoid valve is a normally closed valve. A sensor is disposed on the outlet of the condenser of the refrigerant system for determining the condition of refrigerant exiting the condenser. A controller then operates the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve to direct flow to the receiver or to bypass the receiver if the refrigerant is subcooled.

Abstract: A frequency control apparatus of a multi-refrigeration cycle is provided with a current sensor to detect a primary current for a motor or a pressure sensor to detect a pressure at the discharge side of a compressor to detect a load in the refrigeration cycle. When a value detected by the sensor is estimated as being lower than a predetermined value range, the frequency of a current to be supplied to the motor is increased, and when the value detect by the sensor is estimated as being higher than the predetermined value range, the frequency is decreased, whereby the rising time of the refrigeration cycle can be shortened. Further, the frequency is determined by a weighted error average value of the difference between target room temperature in the rooms and detected temperature in the rooms to thereby control the multi-refrigeration cycle to provide an appropriate performance.

Abstract: A container for use in transporting refrigerated and/or frozen merchandise by transporting vehicle or the like together with other normal parcels and packages comprising an insulated container in which the refrigerated/frozen merchandise is stored and which is designed to be loaded onto and to be unloaded from the transporting vehicle or the like, and two refrigerating units for refrigerating the interior space thereof while at a warehouse or other facility and while carried on the transporting vehicle or the like. One of the refrigerating units is assembled on the transporting vehicle or the like and connectable with the container for the circulation of air between the container and the refrigerating unit. The other refrigerating unit is disposed on the container and operated by commercial electric power.

Abstract: In a double air-fuel sensor system including two air-fuel ratio sensors upstream and downstream of a catalyst converter provided in an exhaust gas passage, an actual air-fuel ratio is adjusted in accordance with the outputs of the upstream-side and downstream-side air-fuel ratio sensors including an air-fuel ratio correction amount. Also, a learning correction amount is calculated so that a mean value of the air-fuel ratio correction amount is brought close to a reference value. The actual air-fuel ratio is further adjusted in accordance with the learning correction amount.

Abstract: A frozen comestible freezer with a freezing chamber, a receiving chamber, and a tank of liquid comestible fed to the receiving chamber through an aerator proportioner which provides the correct proportion of liquid comestible and air for the freezing chamber. The aerator proportioner further contains means for isolating pressure exerted by the comestible product in the chamber from the combined pressures exerted by the liquid comestible and atmospheric pressure of air admitted into the receiving chamber, and thereby minimize backflow concerns brought about by pressure imbalance.

Abstract: A ice maker employing a relatively thin ice tray with sealed ice cube receptacles and having a freezing chamber of relatively small volume cooled by a high capacity cooling plate. The ice cube receptacles are sealed by a frangible cover to keep liquid water therein and to maintain frozen water in a sanitary state until the frangible cover is ruptured for the ice cubes to be used. The ice make housing also may include other chambers for holding containers of food and drink. The cooling surface of the freezing chamber may be sloped for drainage and the ice maker provided with a spring loaded device for ejecting the ice tray when a housing door is opened. Detection switches and indicator lights may be actuated by insertion and removal of the tray. Multiple freezing chambers may be jointly cooled by a single cooling plate.

Abstract: A cooling system for a food storage and merchandising machine having a rotatable drum mounted inside a cabinet, the drum having a plurality of axially spaced shelves divided by partitions into a plurality of food storage compartments, comprising a hollow center column extending axially through the drum and through the centers of the shelves, the column having a sidewall defining an air passageway, the sidewall having a plurality of vents therein communicating with each of the food storage compartments. The system further comprises a refrigeration system for cooling air, and a blower for introducing cooled air into one end of the air passageway. The other end of the air passageway is closed so that substantially all of the air provided to the passageway passes through the vents.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cooling jacket for a beverage container comprising a hollow cylindrical structure made of a washable, durable fabric coated with a rubber-type insulating backing and lined with a receptacle member for a plurality of liquid tight packets containing a cold retention substance. The cooling jacket is placed in a freezer to allow the cold retention substance to freeze. Then the beverage container is placed in the cooling jacket and maintained at a cold temperature.

Abstract: A fluid flow control system for use with a heat exchange apparatus which includes a first heat exchange or condensor to extract heat from the heat exchange apparatus, a compressor and a second heat exchange or evaporator to provide heat to the heat exchange apparatus, the fluid flow control system comprises a system charge control device operatively coupled between the first and second heat exchanges to regulate the flow of refrigerant therebetween.

Abstract: A condenser for an air conditioning system has a tube and fin design. The tubular flow path divides into two parallel paths at the condenser inlet. The two paths combine at a junction at a point about two thirds of the distance to the outlet. A single path connects the junction to the outlet. In general condensation of the refrigerant occurs in the dual path and liquid flows at high velocity in the single path to the outlet for better heat transfer and reduced liquid volume in the tubular path.

Abstract: A temperature testing device in which a sample-receiving sealable chamber from which a specimen can be easily detached and a cooling portion of a refrigeration unit are inserted into a single vacuum vessel, and in which a gaseous refrigerant is circulated between the cooling portion of the refrigeration unit and the sample-receiving chamber so that the sample-receiving chamber can be cooled.

Abstract: A portable, hand held probe usable within a small confine to produce a point source of nitrogen or helium at a relatively constant temperature of 77 degrees Kelvin.

Abstract: The wear life of knitting machine instrumentalities, such as knitting needles, sinkers, or the like, is increased by providing a reinforcing wear-resistant plate member on the operating butt portion thereof to effectively increase the thickness of the operating butt portion. The wear-resistant plate member includes a cam engaging edge extending along the cam engaging edge of the operating butt portion with the cam engaging edge being inclined at an angle corresponding to the inclined angle of the operating cams of the knitting machine which it is adapted to engage. A beveled edge extends along the junction of the cam engaging edge and the face of the adjacent operating butt portion to form a groove defining an oil retaining sump between the plate member and the operating butt portion for temporarily retaining lubricant therein and for providing lubrication between the operating butt portion and the operating cams.

Abstract: Programming and control panel for dry-cleaning machines comprising: a schematic illustration of elements of a dry-cleaning machine marked by first warning lights adapted to indicate alarm or operative conditions, second warning lights corresponding to various steps of a washing cycle, a digital display cooperating with third warning lights to visualize selected adjustments and operative conditions of the washing cycle, a plurality of buttons by means of which it is possible to vary the adjustments and operative conditions of the washing cycle.

Abstract: The cable lock comprises a flexible cable portion and an elongate lock body to which the cable portion is secured, oriented in the longitudinal direction of the lock body, by a first end and can be attached, oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction of the lock body, by a second end. A plastics housing, furnished with through openings for the ends of the cable portion, encases the lock body. The housing consists of two housing parts, pushed into each other in the longitudinal direction of the lock body and engaged with each other when pushed in, which housing parts are fixed by abutment surfaces against opposed abutment surfaces of the lock body. The one housing part forms a pocket, disposed laterally of the lock body, into which pocket a projection of the other housing part can be pushed.

Abstract: An apparatus for protecting a console gearshift and preventing theft of a radio in a motor vehicle is provided and consists of a housing disposed over the console gearshift so that button on the console gearshift cannot be depressed to release the console gearshift out of a parked position, thus preventing an unauthorized person from driving the motor vehicle away. A C-shaped bracket is mounted to the housing for blocking the radio so as to prevent an unauthorized removal of the radio from the motor vehicle.