Abstract: A flow rate meter for determining the mass or flow rate of flowing air, having a temperature-dependent measuring resistor disposed in an air bypass conduit. The air bypass conduit has a convergent portion in the region of the measuring resistor in which the air flow is accelerated. As a result of the air flow the effects of any air disturbances upon the measuring element are reduced. The following geometric relationships are advantageous: l.sub.1 /l.sub.s >3.8, l.sub.1/2 >1.5, l.sub.1 /1.sub.3 >2.0, l.sub.1/4 >9.0, l.sub.5 /l.sub.s >1.5, l.sub.5 /l.sub.6 =1.7 to 1.9, b.sub.1 /b.sub.s >40.0, b.sub.1 /b.sub.2 >2.0, l.sub.1 /b.sub.1 >3.5, and l.sub.5 /b.sub.3 =5.5 to 6. The air flow rate meter is especially suitable for determining the mass or flow rate of aspirated air in mixture-compressing engines with externally supplied ignition as well as air-compressing, self-igniting engines.

Abstract: A measuring car arrangement for monitoring an existing track position with respect to a desired track position comprises a measuring car having a frame extending longitudinally in a plane and undercarriages supporting the frame for mobility in an operating direction and having wheels with contact points with the rail heads. The contact points define a reference plane, the frame plane extending parallel to the reference plane. The arrangement further comprises a satellite bogie transportable on the measuring car frame and being drivable along the track independently of the measuring car. The measuring car and the satellite bogie have an upper periphery not projecting beyond a limiting plane enclosing a dihedral angle of 5.degree. to 10.degree.

Abstract: An ultrasonic liquid level sensor has a transducer mounted at the lower end of an aluminum tube that projects upwardly in a liquid tank so that the tube is filled with liquid to the same height as that outside the tube. Internally, the tube has a layer of an acoustically-absorbing plastics to damp the transmission of ultrasonic vibration from the wall of the tube into liquid within the tube.

Abstract: A float for a liquid level detection device has a shape with a flat surface which, when the float is in its lowermost position, will be horizontal (i.e., parallel to the liquid surface). The float has a center of buoyancy close to one edge of this face, and when the float is in its uppermost position the flat face will be generally vertical, with the edge of the face to which the center of buoyancy is closest being at the top. Because this edge is close to the center of buoyancy, only a small height of the float will project above the liquid level.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wick for a wet bulb, wherein the bulb is elongated with a free end and a supported end. An absorbent fabric has a portion configured as a folded over sleeve to at least partially closely surround the bulb. The sleeve has two ends, one of which is open and the other of which is closed to permit the open end of the sleeve to be slipped over the free end of the bulb and passed to the supported end until the closed end of the sleeve approaches the free end of the bulb. A plastic film lining inside the sleeve is resistant to corrosive materials to protect the bulb from corrosive materials and has a lower coefficient of friction than the fabric to ease installation over the bulb. A tail contacts a water supply to pick up water and transport it to the sleeve to wet the bulb.

Abstract: Ultrasonic apparatus that automatically adjusts the focus of ultrasonic waves to a desired depth within an object includes an ultrasonic probe which irradiates a focused ultrasonic beam onto an object to be inspected and a receiver which receives ultrasonic waves reflected from the object. A desired focusing depth is set and the inherent focal length of the probe and the velocity of sound within the object are detected to evaluate a distance between the probe and the object at which the focus of the probe coincides with the desired depth. The distance between the probe and the object is adjusted to coincide with the evaluated distance.

Abstract: A sensing and displaying system is provided including a sensor unit having a transducer disposed in intimate contact with a vessel. The transducer senses a characteristic within the vessel like pressure and outputs an electrical signal representative thereof. The sensor unit further includes a response signal generator which transmits a signal representative of the characteristic. A receiver unit receives the transmitted signal and converts it to visual indicia of the characteristic, for example, a number on a liquid crystal display. The system is capable of two-way communication between the sensor unit and the receiver unit. Both the sensor unit and receiver unit store transmitted data in internal memory.

Abstract: A field emission device with an emitter on a first layer of material and an anode on a second layer of material, separated by a predetermined distance, with a sealed region therebetween. Changes in pressure external to the sealed region producing movement and consequent changes in the predetermined distance between the first and second layers, which change in distance produces a change in current between the emitter and anode. The change in current representing the change in differential pressure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining mass throughput of material to be conveyed through an essentially closed conveying system. In addition to a mass measuring device for determining the throughput of a flow of a conveying fluid carrying the material to be conveyed, there is provided a second measuring device for determining the mass of conveying fluid supplied to the conveying system. Subtracting the values measured results in a very accurate indication of the mass of material momentarily conveyed, without error caused by the conveying fluid.

Abstract: A liquid flow measuring system which, by means of a suitable timing sequence, is able to detect unbalanced voltage generation which occurs when the tube element through which the liquid is flowing is not completely full and, by means of a correction process, supplies an output signal which is proportional to the rate of flow. When the tube element is full, the system operates in the same way as a normal magnetically inductive flowmeter. If the level in the tube element falls, electrodes which are installed in the lower half of the tube element and other electrodes, if necessary, can be used exclusively or additionally to record the measured values. Moreover, with a view to improving the recording of measured values when the level falls below a specific limit, an arrangement of electromagnets, specially optimized for partially filled tube elements, can be activated instead of the normal arrangement of electromagnets.

Abstract: An optimized Coriolis mass flow meter is disclosed which has improved stability to excitations caused by external influences. A primary source of improvement involves determining by modal analysis of the flow conduit a location for the sensor means that minimizes the influence of external excitation of one or more of the first in phase bending mode, the first out of phase bending mode, the first out of phase twist mode, the second out of phase twist mode, the second out of phase bending mode and the third out of phase bending mode.

Abstract: A testing apparatus determines the piezoelectric properties associated with the performance of a multilayer ceramic actuator. The actuator has a predetermined length, L.sub.1, and a predetermined cross sectional area, A. The actuator includes an axis and a plurality of piezoelectric elements with electrodes interleaved therebetween. The testing apparatus includes a pressure regulator which controllably supplies pressurized air. A pneumatic cylinder receives the pressurized air and responsively applies axial forces to the actuator. A load cell and associated circuitry measures the applied force on the actuator and responsively produces a force signal, F.sub.n. A fiber optic sensor and associated circuitry determines the axial displacement of the actuator and produces a position signal, L.sub.n, in response to the magnitude thereof. A computer receives the force signals, F.sub.n, and the position signals, L.sub.n, and responsively determines the effective modulus of the actuator, Y.sub.eff.

Abstract: A torque detecting system for detecting the torque acting on a rotational member has first and second magnetic heads provided spaced from each other in the axial direction of the rotational member, and a third magnetic head provided spaced from the first magnetic head by a predetermined angle .theta.o in a circumferential direction of the rotational member. First and second magnetic layers are provided on the peripheral of the rotational member and position signals are recorded on the respective magnetic layers through the first and second magnetic heads while the rotational member is rotating under no load. The position signals recorded on the magnetic layers are reproduced through the first to third magnetic heads while the rotational member is rotating under load. The phase difference .DELTA.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sampler mechanism for fluidly interconnecting a ball valve with the interior space of a septum closed container for the taking of closed loop samples of fluid materials. The sampler mechanism includes a needle assembly having a hollow needle and a needle seating collar which is positioned adjacent the ball in the ball valve, a threaded injector end fitting for attaching and securing the needle assembly to the ball valve, and an injector body for fluidly connecting the ball valve to the container and for providing a fluid passageway for fluid communication between the container and a side surface of the injector body.

Abstract: A fluid sampling device particularly suited for downhole applications is disclosed. The device has a tubular housing with a retractable sample tube nested within. The housing and sample tube have generally pointed leading edges to facilitate embedment into the formation to a sufficient depth to isolate the fluid sample to be obtained from well fluids. Having embedded the apparatus a sufficient depth, a downward force is applied to the sample tube, severing its prior restraint to the housing and extending the sample tube into the formation. Openings in the sample tube allow the fluid to come through it, whereupon it is conducted to the surface. Removal of the downward forces applied to the sample tube allows a biasing mechanism to act on the sample tube to retract it into the housing prior to the removal of the housing from the formation.

Abstract: A power transmission device for converting rotational movement of a rotation shaft into reciprocal movement in an axial direction of the rotation shaft. This device comprises a bevel gear for converting rotation of the rotation shaft into rotational movement of a-second rotation shaft, a-first eccentric shaft turnable with an eccentricity to the second rotation shaft, a-second eccentric shaft turnable with an eccentricity of 180.degree. apart from the first eccentric shaft, a-first reciprocating member reciprocally movable in the axial direction only of the rotation shaft in response to the rotational movement of the second eccentric shaft, and a-second reciprocating member reciprocally movable in the axial direction only of the rotation shaft in response to the rotational movement of the first eccentric shaft. The second reciprocating member exerts a damping effect on the first reciprocating member.

Abstract: A cable assembly for rotating a member in response to a rotating input, including first and second pulleys and at least one conduit extending longitudinally and interconnecting the first and second pulleys. At least one strand extends longitudinally through the conduit and at least partially about the first and second pulleys. The first pulley includes a slack adjustment mechanism for adjusting slack in the strands.

Abstract: The gear-change transmission has a closely stepped input group (7) before a main group for fine tuning the speed within a working range. Between the input group (7) and the main group (8) is situated a pressurized-oil cooled drag-torque reducing multi-disc starting clutch (26) so that the gears in both groups can also be easily engaged when using synchronizer positive clutches (18, 20). A reversing shaft (13) for reverse gear is fully integrated in the input group (7) and its gear clutches (F/G) can be introduced with a gear selector (83, 112) the same as for the remaining splitter gears of the input group (7). A change-over clutch (36) for an intermediate transmission (9) is optionally placed directly before the starting clutch (26) operatively and structurally on the primary shaft (32) of the starting clutch (26).

Abstract: A transmission having engagement mechanisms which employ an engagement inner having cam surfaces forming the race thereof, an engagement outer having a circular outer race and rollers therebetween. A cage mechanism angularly positions the rollers such that they may be wedged between the cam surfaces and the outer race so as to interlock the engagement inner and outer. Actuator mechanisms are employed which are axially movable to engage and angularly position the cages relative to the engagement inner for controlling the engagement mechanism. A plurality of control systems both electronic and mechanical control the operation of the engagement mechanism so as to require substantially synchronous movement between engaging elements. Alternately, nonsynchronous shifting may be accomplished under power for power or rapid shifting. Clutch inhibit may also be employed to prevent premature reengagement of the clutch before shift complete.

Abstract: A Six-Degree-of-Freedom Parallel-Manipulator having three inextensible limbs for manipulating a platform is described in which the three inextensible limbs are attached via universal joints to the platform at non-collinear points. Each of the inextensible limbs is also attached via universal joints to a two-degree-of-freedom parallel driver such as a five-bar lineage, a pantograph, or a bidirectional linear stepper motor. The drivers move the lower ends of the limbs parallel to a fixed base and thereby provide manipulation of the platform. The actuators are mounted on the fixed base without using any power transmission devices such as gears or belts.

Abstract: A device for locking a tilt steering column in adjusted position has two clamping rings, one of which is rotated by a handle. When the handle is rotated in one direction, the clamping rings interact to lock the steering column in adjusted position. When the handle is rotated in the opposite direction, the clamping rings release the steering column so that its position can be adjusted. A third ring is provided to releasably retain the locking rings in locked position.

Abstract: A stick lever device including a mechanism for shifting a neutral position and capable of decreasing the number of parts of the device and facilitating the assembling. A pivotal shaft of a variable resistor mounted on a mounting member is securely mounted with a pivotal operation section including a stick lever. The mounting member is formed with two shaft holes and a support shaft of an arm member is selectively fitted in any one of the shaft holes. The pivotal operation section is provided thereon with three projections. The arm member which is urged by a spring is abutted against predetermined two of the projections depending on the position of the support shaft of the arm member, so that the neutral position of the pivotal operation section and stick lever may be shifted as desired.

Abstract: At least one rod is normally locked by toothed rollers cooperating with toothed slanted inner portions of V-shaped locking members controlled by a locking cam. The V-shaped locking members are guided within an inner casing of a polygonal shape that has a lower portion for supporting the rod. The lower portion comprises two slanted inner elements which cooperate with a fluted roller placed underneath the underside of the rod. Under an impact, the fluted roller is locked underneath the rod by moving upwardly along one of the two slanted inner elements.

Abstract: An apparatus for connecting an auxiliary handle to a handlebar of a bicycle includes a tubular member having a partition plate which divides the tubular member into a first section which clamps the handlebar and a second section which has a first engaging member. A cylindrical member has a first end inserted into the second section of the tubular member. The cylindrical member has a blind bore and a second engaging member which engages the first engaging member of the tubular member in order to prevent the cylindrical member and tubular member being rotated with respect to each other. A bolt has a threaded end connected to the partition plate and an enlarged end. A spring member is disposed between the enlarged head of the bolt and the bottom of the blind bore of the cylindrical member, urging the first and second engaging members to engage each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an automatic speed gear for bicycles or the like, of the type comprising a pinion assembly, each pinion having a different number of teeth, the pinions being coupled to the hub of a wheel of the bicycle and being adapted to be selectively connected, through a chain, to a driving pinion operated by the bicycle pedals, the switching of the chain from a pinion to another pinion, of the pinion assembly on the wheel, being carried by displacing a chain guide element arranged near the pinion assembly, the speed gear being characterized in that the displacement of the chain guide element, and accordingly the switching of the transmission ratio, is performed automatically, depending on the effort exerted on the pedals and the amount of which can be adjusted depending on the user's requirements.

Abstract: A shift control method for an automatic transmission of an automotive vehicle comprises a preliminary stage which is executed for eliminating the play in mechanism of a low/reverse brake of the automatic transmission at a shifting, particularly at a shifting of the transmission from the neutral position to a running position when the vehicle is at rest, and an engagement stage which is executed subsequently to the preliminary stage for operating the brake substantially. In the preliminary and engagement stages, the fluid pressure supplied to the brake is controlled in accordance with the precontrol pattern and the main control pattern, respectively.

Abstract: A stud driver and remover for studs having non-grip areas includes an improved construction that enables the stud driver and remover to drive and remove studs without damaging a non-grip portion of the stud. The improved stud driver and remover includes five drive rolls, and increased ratio between the cross-sectional areas of the stud and the drive rolls. The stud driver and remover also includes an increased roll length and decreased included angle which allows the roll to penetrate more deeply into the stud. Each of a plurality of cams formed in a core of the tool is provided with a recess to accommodate one of the rolls. These recesses allow the tool to be placed on a stud having a non-grip area such as a flange or threaded area and to drive and remove the stud without damaging the non-grip area.

Abstract: A hydraulic wrench is provided of minimum external dimensions and yet constructed in a manner to be capable of exerting relatively high torsional forces. The wrench is constructed to be driven by a hydraulically reciprocal piston carrying a rack gear thereon with the rack gear meshed with a reciprocal sector gear having a pawl pivotally supported therefrom for driving a ratchet-type power wheel of the wrench. The wrench is provided with a variably positionable and reversable reaction bar or abutment assembly on the end thereof remote from the power wheel and the wrench further includes a secondary deactivatable ratchet pawl for preventing reverse rotation of the main ratchet-type drive wheel of the wrench.

Abstract: A tool for venting hydraulic systems comprises a tubular tool element which forms a polygonal wrench at a first end. A flexible drain tube extends through the tubular tool element. An end of this drain tube is adapted to be pushed on the nipple of a venting valve. A metal sleeve is located in the flexible drain tube, and a clamping device is provided on the tool element adjacent the metal sleeve for clamping the flexible drain tube to the tool element. This facilitates the assembly and use of the tool. With such a tool, a venting valve is unscrewed to a limited extent through the polygonal wrench such that air is allowed to be vented from the system. The venting valve has a nipple. A flexible drain tube is placed on this nipple. The flexible drain tube prevents uncontrolled outflow of hydraulic liquid from the hydraulic system, thereby preventing contamination of the environment. Instead the hydraulic liquid is guided into a collecting reservoir.

Abstract: The invention relates to the head of an adjustable wrench. A threaded adjustment mechanism provides the wrench with a clamping and locking capability.

Abstract: A method is provided for slicing food product sticks such as loaves or chubs or the like of meat and cheese. A blade assembly is utilized which includes a plurality of, typically two, blade members, each of which has a curved cutting surface that terminates at a trailing tip. A non-slicing mode is achieved by having the blade assembly exhibit a substantial gap between the trailing tip of one blade member and the curved cutting surface leading edge of another blade member. The method is particularly well suited for enhancing the throughput of a food processing line and for improving the quality of sliced products processed therethrough.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cutting continuous material to length. Lithographic printing plates are cut from a substantially continuous lithographic aluminum web by a plurality of aligned shear units displaced from each other longitudinally along the web.

Abstract: A work retainer device for a scroll-saw in which a work retainer is mounted on an arm cover of an upper arm. Two brackets are formed at both distal ends of the arm cover to embrace the upper arm from both sides. Upright portions of a work retainer holding member are overlapped with the brackets. The brackets and the upright portions of the work retainer holding member are fastened to each other by a fastening unit including a screw rod which passes laterally through at least one of the overlapped portions of the bracket and the upright portions of the work retainer holding member. A longitudinal hole is formed in the upright portions of the work retainer holding member. The work retainer is fixed to a lower portion of the work retainer holding member.

Abstract: A punch guide sleeve and stripper plate assembly useable with a punch set of the type having a punch disposed within the punch guide sleeve and adapted to be reciprocally advanced through an opening of the stripper plate attached to one end of the punch guide sleeve by the ram of a punch press. The stripper plate assembly includes a rotatable stripper plate cap which may be manually rotated with respect to the guide sleeve end from a locked to an unlocked position to secure and release the stripper plate through tightening and loosening a retaining wire onto and away from the stripper plate. The retaining wire is preferably substantially circular in cross-section and split to provide two unconnected ends that are attached to the stripper plate cap and the guide sleeve. When these two ends are drawn together in the locked position, the arcuate wire will be diametrally compressed for engagement with the stripper plate.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for cutting stacked, sheet-like material, having a table surface which has a working zone, above which a cutting blade and a press beam are located, an entry zone behind the working zone for receiving the material to be cut and an exit zone in front of the working zone for receiving the cut material, a feed device for the material to be cut, which feed device has teeth which engage grooves of the press beam when the feed device is in its foremost position, and also a side stop for aligning the material to be cut by means of a pressing slide movable in the area of the working zone in the direction of the line of cut, where the feed device extends essentially over the entire width of the table surface, and the pressing slide is effective solely in the area of the working zone formed between the cutting plane and the foremost position of the feed device, thus allowing alignment of the material to be cut in direct proximity to the cutting plane.

Abstract: A rotary cutter for cutting a block of tobacco includes a support structure having a rotatable shaft and a plurality of blade-holder carriages rotatable with the shaft. Each carriage includes a cutting blade for cutting through and penetrating a block of tobacco. Each carriage is capable of a translatory movement relative to the shaft along a line parallel to the axis of the shaft. A drive device includes plurality of rotary pinions which bring about the translatory movement of each carriage in synchronism with the rotation of the shaft during cutting the block of tobacco.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises, between each pair of upper and lower bearing blocks, a shim or strut which provides a support for two bearing blocks on one another. Each of the upper bearing blocks is extended, in an upper portion and toward an inside of said apparatus, by a cantilevered portion subjected to action, in a downward direction, of a pressure exerting vertical jack mounted in an upper portion of said apparatus. A vertical and transverse plane containing a central axis of each pressure exerting vertical jack is situated between a vertical and transverse plane in which is situated a shim or strut placed between the bearing blocks and a vertical and transverse plane of raceways for an upper cutting cylinder and a lower cutting cylinder.

Abstract: The present invention is a pair of split dies comprises of a pair of fixed die halves, with each fixed die half having an associating movable die insert. The pair of split dies are separated from each other in order to admit a cutting blade therebetween and a variable width opening is formed between each of the fixed die halves and their associating movable die inserts. The movable die inserts move toward the fixed die halves and thereby decrease the width of the openings in response to cam means attaching to the blade which engage movable cam tracks located on the movable die inserts opposite the openings. The openings close on tubing located within the openings so that the tubing is held stationary on either side of where the blade cuts the tubing. The movable die inserts move away from the fixed die halves and thereby increase the width of the openings in response to disengagement with the cam means.

Abstract: Disclosed is a punch pressing machine requiring no turret, having punch units and die units as die sets, the number of which is not inferior to a turret punch pressing machine, and exhibiting a working accuracy superior to the turret punch pressing machine. A plurality of punch units and die units are disposed in two or more lines on a mounting plate member. A hammer member confronting the respective punch and die units is positioned in X-and-Y axis directions, whereby a workpiece can undergo necessary punch press working.

Abstract: A bandsaw machine which has a sawhead assembly in which a flexible endless bandsaw blade is trained around a pair of bandsaw blade wheels to cut a workpiece, with the blade being guided by a guide arm, includes a guide member on the guide arm, for holding the bandsaw blade in a vertical orientation by pushing the bandsaw blade from both sides. A rolling member is mounted on the sawhead assembly and is free to push a side surface of the bandsaw blade with a predetermined force so as to prevent vibration of the blade.

Abstract: Method of cutting a three-dimensional shaped piece of a material having large pores out of a block by trimming the block with adjacent cuts of a predetermined width guided along planes extending tangentially to the surface of the shaped piece whereby scrap of the material is produced, and cutting kerfs into the scrap no later than the trimming along planes extending radially relative to the shaped piece surface and longitudinally substantially parallel to each other, the cutting planes being spaced from each other at the shaped piece surface a maximum distance corresponding to the predetermined width of the adjacent cuts. For this purpose, an ultrasound assembly may be used, which comprises a knife which has a shaft portion extending in the direction of vibration of the knife and a cutting portion attached to the shaft portion and extending transversely to the direction of vibration, the shaft portion and the cutting portion having cutting edges.

Abstract: A grand piano having a lower lid attached thereto by hinges, and a lid designed for attachment to the bottom of a grand piano. The lid completely covers the bottom of the piano case when latched in a closed position. In its closed position, the lower lid protects the soundboard from damage (such as during transportation of the piano) and mutes the piano's sound. The lower lid of the invention is designed so that, when released from its closed position and pivoted downward into an open position, it will reflect sound from the soundboard outward from the front of the piano. Preferably, the angular orientation of the lower lid in its open position is chosen to reinforce and focus the projection of sound within a desired frequency range (for example, midrange sounds) to a desired target region. Such optimal angular orientation can be determined experimentally.

Abstract: A violin bow guide has a rod (38) which is attached to the back of a bow (58). The rod (38) travels through a rod guide (36) which is held in place over the strings of the violin on a support (11) which attaches to the body of the violin. The rod guide (36) is pivotally mounted to permit the bow (58) to play on all the strings. Means are provided for adjusting the height of the rod above the strings, the position of the bow between the bridge and fingerboard of the violin, and the amount of resistance to movement of the rod through the rod guide. The rod guide (36) can be locked at a selected height above the strings or permitted to float freely up and down.

Abstract: A snare drum having an improved resonant, sensitive and harmonic sound. The snare drum comprises a head end, a snare end is substantially circular at its head end while being increasingly larger in transverse cross-sectional shape proceeding from the head end towards the snare end. An indentation adjacent the head end allows a drum skin to be positioned within a hoop and tightened to secure the skin and hoop without binding.

Abstract: An improved bass drum foot pedal having a variable drive lever linkage with variable arc ratios connecting the foot pedal to the beater arm and having an electronic device actuator carried by a beater support member and adjustable to vary the impact force and strike point of the actuator, said actuator being operable with or without said pedal being attached to a drum.

Abstract: An apparatus for effecting penetration and mass transfer at a penetrable situs, comprising: (a) a penetration member constructed and arranged for movement between (i) a first position disengaged from the penetrable situs, and (ii) a second position engaged with the penetrable situs to form a penetration opening in the penetrable situs communicating with an interior region thereof; (b) a motive driver for selectively moving the penetration member between the first position and second position; and (c) a mass transfer assembly (i) selectively engageable with the penetration opening in the penetrable situs, after formation thereof by the penetration member in the second position and subsequent movement of the penetration member by the motive driver to the first position, and (ii) constructed and arranged to effect mass transfer through the penetration opening between the interior region of the penetrable situs and a locus exterior to the penetrable situs, when the mass transfer assembly is engaged with the penet

Abstract: A high temperature rope seal type joint packing including a cylindrical core made of bundled and twisted ceramic fibers and a metallic cover around the core made of a plurality of cross woven and braided metallic strands each consisting of a plurality of round stainless steel wires arranged in side-by-side relationship.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for moving yarn in a selected pattern to form a braided article. The apparatus includes a segmented grid of stationary support elements and a plurality of shuttles configured to carry yarn. The shuttles are supported for movement on the grid assembly and each shuttle includes a retractable plunger for engaging a reciprocating shuttle plate that moves below the grid assembly. Such engagement at selected times causes the shuttles to move about the grid assembly in a selected pattern to form a braided article of a particular geometry.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder, preferably for use as a master or slave brake cylinder or in a hydraulic clutch system, maintains in a simple and inexpensive manner through the use of eccentric bushings the stroke length of the piston rod. The distance between the attachment lug and the attachment point determines the stroke length and is varied by adjusting the narrow tolerance of each bushing.

Abstract: A piston-cylinder unit for producing and transmitting compressive forces onto adjusting elements which are guided so as to be slidable on a straight line. The piston-cylinder unit includes a push rod mounted so as to be capable of oscillating transversely of the direction of the compressive forces in a unilaterally open skirt-type piston. The push rod is slidingly movable from a centered position into an oscillating position. The centered position is determined by sealing members placed so as to face each other and mounted at an outer periphery of the push rod and an inner rim of the skirt-type piston. The push rod is movable into the skirt-type piston toward a fixed stop arranged in the skirt-type piston. The push rod is movable against the force of a spring element arranged at the bottom of the skirt-type piston.