Abstract: In a method of producing particles suitable for use as carrier particles in dry powder inhalers, particles (1) of a size suitable for use as carrier particles in dry powder inhalers are treated so as to dislodge small grains from the surface of the particles, without substantially changing the size of the particles during the treatment. The treatment gives improved efficiency of redispersion of active particles from the surfaces of carrier particles.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical aerosol formulation comprising (i) particulate medicament, (ii) 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3,-heptafluoro-n-propane or a mixture thereof as propellant, and (iii) 0.01 to 5% w/w based upon the propellant of a polar cosolvent, the particulate medicament being present in an amount from 0.005% to 5% w/w relative to the total weight of the formulation and having a particle size of less than 100 microns, and which formulation contains less than 0.0001% w/w surfactant based upon the weight of medicament.

Abstract: A zinc containing, low pH dentifrice composition provides better bioavailability of the zinc by incorporating a buffer system.

Abstract: Novel compositions and methods are disclosed for cosmetically treating teeth in a manner to increase brightness or shade of the teeth. The compositions include a low molecular weight compound having a high acetyl group functionality useful in the production of a peroxy acid which then acts as a whitening agent.

Abstract: A description is given of the use of bis(resorcinyl)triazines of formula (1) wherein R1 and R2 are each independently of the other hydrogen; C1-C18alkyl; C2-C18alkenyl; a radical of formula —CH2—CH(—OH)—CH2—O—T1; a radical of formula (1a); or a radical of radical of formula (1b); R3 and R4 are each independently of the other hydrogen or C1-C5alkyl; R5 is hydroxy; C1-C5alkoxy which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or several OH groups; amino; mono- or di-C1-C5alkylamino; M; a radical of formula (1c); (1d); (1e); (1f); (1g); or (1h); R6 is a direct bond; a straight-chain or branched C1-C4alkylene radical or a radical of formula (a) or (b); R7, R8 and R9 are each independently of one another C1-C18alkyl; C1-C18alkoxy or a radical of formula (1i), R10, R11 and R12 are each independently of one another C1-C14alkyl which is unsubstituted or substitued by one or several OH groups; R13 is hydrogen; M; C1-C5alkyl; or a radical of formula (c) R14 is C1-C5alkyl; M is a metal cat

Abstract: Novel liposoluble and photostable N-substituted benzimidazole/benzofuryl-benzazole silicon-containing compounds are conspicuously excellent UV-absorbers and are conveniently formulated, e.g., into topically applicable sunscreen/cosmetic compositions well suited for the UV-photoprotection of human skin and/or hair.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of colloidal silicic acid as a cushioning agent in a composition including at least one film-forming material and at least one organic or aqueous solvent.

Abstract: An antiperspirant or deodorant cosmetic composition suitable for topical application to the human skin, comprising: i. an antiperspirant or deodorant active; ii. a moisturising cream; and optionally iii. a carrier for the antiperspirant or deodorant active.

Abstract: Composition containing cetyl alcohol, coconut oil, polyoxyethylene oleo-linoleic glyceride, possibly water, and possibly other additives and/or pharmaceutically active principle(s), said composition containing in % of dry matter: a 5 to 15 % polyoxyethylene oleo-linoleic glyceride, and 20 to 40 % cetyl alcohol, the weight ratio coconut oil and other additives and/or pharmaceutically active principle(s)/cetyl alcohol being comprised between 2/1 and 80/15.

Abstract: The present invention relates to non-washing cosmetic compositions containing, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, at least one nonionic guar gum and at least one non-crosslinked anionic polymer. The invention also relates to a process for the cosmetic treatment of keratin substances, such as the hair or the eyelashes, characterized in that it consists in applying a cosmetic composition as defined above to the keratin substances, and then possibly in rinsing with water.

Abstract: A method and composition for treating swine to increase their resistance to pathogenic microorganisms are disclosed. Microbial infections may be prevented or reduced in swine populations by administration of immune lymphokines which have been produced by the splenic T cells of immunized swine. The process and compositions are particularly useful for the control of Salmonella in swine.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved viral vectors useful for the expression of genes at high levels in human cells. In particular, the present invention provides adeno-associated vectors (AAV) suitable for gene therapy. These vectors are capable of delivering nucleic acid containing constructs which result in the production of full-length therapeutic levels of biologically active Factor VIII in the recipient individual in vivo. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising such AAV vectors, as well as methods for making and using these constructs.

Abstract: Probiotic composition comprising one or more probiotic microorganisms, a carrier which will function to transport the one or more probiotic microorganisms to the large bowel or other regions of the gastrointestinal tract of an animal, the carrier comprising a modified or unmodified resistant starch or mixtures thereof, which carrier acts as a growth or maintenance medium for microorganisms in the large bowel or other regions of the gastrointestinal tract, and an oligosaccharide. Method of increasing the number of probiotic or resident microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract of an animal comprising providing to the animal the probiotic composition.

Abstract: Superantigens, including staphylococcal enterotoxins, are useful agents in the killing of tumor cells, the enhancement of antitumor immunity and in the treatment of cancer in a tumor-bearing host. In particular, the immune system of a subject with cancer is contacted with tumor cells that have been transfected with nucleic acid encoding a superantigen or biologically active polypeptide of a superantigen. Alternatively, transfected accessory cells, immunocytes or fibroblasts are used. When the superantigen is expressed in the host, T cell proliferation is induced leading to increased antitumor immunity and tumor cell killing. The nucleic acid encoding a superantigen may be administered to the tumor in vivo to transfect tumor cells wherein superantigen expression induces a similar tumoricidal immune response.

Abstract: The present invention provides vaccines and a means of vaccinating a vertebrate so as to prevent or control specific T cell mediated pathologies, including autoimmune diseases and the unregulated replication of T cells. The vaccine is composed of a T cell receptor (TCR) or a fragment thereof corresponding to a TCR present on the surface of T cells mediating the pathology. The vaccine fragment can be a peptide corresponding to sequences of TCRs characteristic of the T cells mediating said pathology. Such a peptide can bind to conventional antigens completed to MHC antigen presenting cells or to superantigens. Means of determining appropriate amino acid sequences for such vaccines are also provided. The vaccine is administered to the vertebrate in a manner that induces an immune response directed against the TCR of T cells mediating the pathology. This immune response down regulates or deletes the pathogenic T cells, thus ablating the disease pathogenesis.

Abstract: Antibodies that bind Mycobacterium tuberculosis 28 kDa proteins and immune complexes between the antibodies and proteins.

Abstract: A method for inducing immunological tolerance in mammals which comprises feeding an antigen to a mammal, wherein the mammal is not allowed to ingest a fat-soluble component or a fat-soluble component-containing substance simultaneous with ingestion of the antigen, and an immunological tolerance inducing food kit and an immunological tolerance inducer kit which comprise an antigen-containing preparation containing no fat-soluble component and an antigen-free preparation containing no fat-soluble component. According to this invention, immunological tolerance can be induced effectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anti-pathogen system comprising one or more fusion proteins that includes a transduction domain and a cytotoxic domain. The cytotoxic domain is specifically activated by a pathogen infection. The anti-pathogen system effectively kills or injures cells infected by one or a combination of different pathogens. Further provided are protein transduction domains that provide enhanced transduction efficiency.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for preparing a biologically active ginkgo biloba extract that is not subject to environmental restrictions and is efficient. The method involves extracting purified ginkgo biloba from ginkgo biloba leaf through a series of steps using alcohol as a solvent, including filtration, vacuum distillation, adsorption with silica gel, centrifugation, and chromatography. The invention also provides for a method of making dietary supplements from the ginkgo biloba product and of administering these supplements.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting a collagen-induced platelet aggregation in a mammal comprises administering an effective amount of a flavonoid derived from citrus peels thereto.

Abstract: A method for lowering blood alcohol concentration by administering an extract of Rhus verniciflua to human, thereby preventing or treating a disease state caused by intake of an alcohol.

Abstract: A hemopoietic stem cell augmenting agent in which at least one type of hepatocyte growth factor is contained as an active component is provided. The hepatocyte growth factor has an augmenting activity on undifferentiated pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells and is useful as a hemopoietic stem cell augmenting agent for treatment of bone marrow suppression and for treatment of bone marrow malfunctions and furthermore is useful for in vitro growth of peripheral blood stem cells and bone marrow stem cells. Furthermore, a hepatocyte growth factor derived from human normal fibroblasts which is considered to be a type of hepatocyte growth factor can be obtained by genetic recombination techniques, and said factor is also useful as a hemopoietic stem cells augmenting agent.

Abstract: The disclosed invention is directed to (1) recombinant bovine herpesvirus genes having foreign genes inserted therein, (2) infectious recombinant bovine herpesviruses carrying these recombinant genes, (3) methods of producing these recombinant bovine herpesviruses, (4) methods of immunizing animals against diseases caused by bovine herpesviruses using these recombinant bovine herpesviruses as vaccines, and (5) methods of detecting infection of an animal by these recombinant bovine herpesviruses. In its preferred form, the invention is directed to the construction of an infectious recombinant bovine herpesvirus type 1 having a functional &bgr;-galactosidase gene inserted in and thereby inactivating the thymidine kinase gene (e.g., Gal-TK); infection of an animal with the resultant avirulent vaccine virus is detected by assaying the animal's respiratory secretions for the presence of virus having &bgr;-galactosidase activity in host cells.

Abstract: This invention provides a recombinant swinepox virus comprising a foreign DNA inserted into a swinepox virus genomic DNA, wherein the foreign DNA is inserted into an EcoRI site within the approximately 3.2 Kb subfragment of the HindIII K fragment of the swinepox virus genomic DNA and is capable of being expressed in a swinepox virus infected host cell. The invention further provides a recombinant swinepox virus designated S-SPV-120, S-SPV-121, S-SPV-122, S-SPV-127, and S-SPV-128. The invention further provides vaccines and methods of immunization of the recombinant swinepox virus.

Abstract: The avian vaccine formula comprises at least three polynucleotide vaccine valencies each comprising a plasmid integrating, so as to express it in vivo in the host cells, a gene with one avian pathogen valency, these valencies being selected from the group consisting of Marek's disease virus, Newcastle disease virus, infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, infectious anaemia virus, the plasmids comprising, for each valency, one or more of the genes selected from the group consisting of gB and gD for the Marek's disease virus, HN and F for the Newcastle disease virus, VP2 for the infectious bursal disease virus, S, M and N for the infectious bronchitis virus, C+NS1 for the infectious anaemia virus.

Abstract: An effective immunogen against Lyme borreliosis in mammals comprises homogenous B. burgdorferi pC protein and a physiologically-acceptable excipient.

Abstract: The present invention refers in general to novel recombinant mycobacteria that are auxotrophic for diaminopimelate. In particular, this invention relates to novel auxotrophic recombinant mycobacteria, to methods of making the mycobacteria, and to uses of the mycobacteria to deliver vaccines. This invention also provides for uses of the mycobacteria in drug screening processes.

Abstract: A protein from H. influenzae designated NucA is isolated and purified. The NucA protein has the amino acid sequence of amino acids 26-603 of SEQ ID NO.2 or a biologically equivalent amino acid sequence thereof. Amino acids 1-25 of SEQ ID NO.2 are the signal peptide, which is cleaved during processing of the mature protein. The NucA protein has a molecular weight of approximately 63,000 Daltons as measured on a 12% SDS-PAGE gel and possesses 5′-nucleotidase activity. The NucA protein is obtained by isolation and purification from the H. influenzae organism, by chemical synthesis or by recombinant expression by an isolated and purified nucA DNA sequence which encodes the NucA protein. Such a DNA sequence hybridizes under standard high stringency Southern hybridization conditions with a DNA sequence encoding the NucA protein of H. influenzae having the amino acid sequence of amino acids 26-603 of SEQ ID NO.2 or a biologically equivalent amino acid sequence thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides vaccines and methods for preventing or treating intestinal protozoal infections in an animal. In particular, vaccines and methods for prevention or treatment of giardiasis are provided. The invention also encompasses methods of preparing and methods of use of novel toxins, antibodies, vaccine strains and compositions that result from or are used in these methods.

Abstract: Methods for transporting a biologically active agent across a cellular membrane or a lipid bilayer. A first method includes the steps of: (a) providing a biologically active agent which can exist in a native conformational state, a denatured conformational state, and an intermediate conformational state which is reversible to the native state and which is conformationally between the native and denatured states; (b) exposing the biologically active agent to a complexing perturbant to reversibly transform the biologically active agent to the intermediate state and to form a transportable supramolecular complex; and (c) exposing the membrane or bilayer to the supramolecular complex, to transport the biologically active agent across the membrane or bilayer. The perturbant has a molecular weight between about 150 and about 600 daltons, and contains at least one hydrophilic moiety and at least one hydrophobic moiety.

Abstract: A process for producing solid dose forms by mixing at least one polymeric binder, with or without at least one active ingredient and with or without conventional additives, and shaping the mixture, where at least one of the components is employed in liquid form.

Abstract: A method of treating human skin including providing an impermeable patch having an adhesive on a side and a human skin treating composition containing an oxidizable element. A layer of the composition is applied to a portion of human skin and covered with the impermeable patch, whereby oxidation of the layer of the composition is retarded. The skin is smoothed of wrinkles prior to placement of the patch.

Abstract: An emulsifier mixture for use in the production of phase inversion temperature (PIT) emulsions is provided. The emulsifier mixture comprises fatty acid ethoxylates and partial glycerides which enable PIT emulsions to be produced at a given phase inversion temperature irrespective of the polarity of the oils, allowing for the emulsifying of a broad range of oils irrespective of their character, under the same conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pseudoceramide derivatives represented by formula(I) or (II): R1—COCHR2CONR3R4  (I) R1—CH(OH)CHR2CONR3R4  (II) wherein, each of R1 and R2 represents linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having 6˜22 carbon atoms; each of R3 and R4 represents hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, or linear or branched C2˜C6 alkyl group having one or more hydroxyl group(s), or monosaccharide, a process for preparing the same, and dermatologic external preparations containing the same. When the pseudoceramide derivatives according to the present invention are applied in an dermatologic external preparations the moisture-retaining property and resilience of skin and hair is enhanced such so that the derivatives are useful in protection of skin-aging. In addition, the derivatives are useful for inducing the formation of lipid layer on damaged skin and for preventing the inhibition of lipid synthesis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cosmetic cleansing and skin care preparation which is particularly suitable for extremely greasy pubertal skin and exhibits very good sebostatic effectiveness. The preparation contains 0.25-5 wt. % of a combination comprising 5-40 wt. % of an alga laminaria saccharina extract; 10-60 wt. % of lilium candidum root extract; 10-50 wt. % glycyrrehetinic acid as a natural extract of glycyrrhiza glabra. The preparation also contains 99.75 to 95 wt. % cosmetic auxiliary agents and carriers, optionally mixed with additional active substances.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions containing biologically active compounds that slowly release the biologically active compound. These compositions may be directly incorporated into the locus to be protected or may be applied to a structure in a coating.

Abstract: A pesticidal or herbicidal composition in particulate form which comprises composite particles. Each of said particles contains a core of an inert substance having a pesticidal herbicide associated therewith and a coating of an electrically resistive material around the core. The particles may also include a second pesticidal material adhering to the electrically resistive coating. The particles carry an electrostatic charge.

Abstract: A novel neurotrophic factor referred to as glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has been identified. Genes encoding GDNF have been cloned and sequenced. Methods and devices are disclosed for the delivery of GDNF using either an implantable cell which expresses human GDNF or a biocompatible semipermeable membrane containing genetically engineered cells which express and secrete the neurotrophic factor.

Abstract: Administration mediums comprising solutions of nitrous oxide in water, alcohols, ethers or oils, and optionally including essential fatty acids or C1-C6 alkyl esters thereof enhance the action of analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic drugs. The drugs may be combined with the medium into a pharmaceutical composition or may be taken orally by swallowing the drug with the aid of the medium.

Abstract: A mixed micellar pharmaceutical formulation includes a micellar proteinic pharmaceutical agent, an lkali metal C8 to C22 alkyl sulphate, alkali metal salicylate, a pharmaceutically acceptable edetate and at least one absorption enhancing compounds. The absorption enhancing compounds are selected from the group consisting of lecithin, hyaluronic acid, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of hyaluronic acid, octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, glycolic acid, lactic acid, chamomile extract, cucumber extract, oleic acid, linolenic acid, borage oil, evening of primrose oil, trihydroxy oxo cholanylglycine, glycerin, polyglycerin, lysine, polylysine, triolein and mixtures thereof. The amount of each absorption enhancing compound is present in a concentration of from 1 to 10 wt./wt. % of the total formulation, and the total concentration of absorption enhancing compounds are less than 50 wt./wt. % of the formulation.

Abstract: A buccal dosage unit is provided for administering a combination of steroidal active agents to a female individual. The novel buccal drug delivery systems may be used in female hormone replacement therapy, in female contraception, to treat female sexual dysfunction, and to treat or prevent a variety of conditions and disorders which are responsive to the active agents discussed herein. The buccal dosage unit comprises a progestin, an estrogen and optionally an androgenic agent, as well as a polymeric carrier that bioerodes and provides for delivery of the active agents throughout a predetermined drug delivery period.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improving the biological efficiency of utilization of protein in ruminant feeds by protection of such protein from substantial degradation in the rumen without markedly reducing the subsequent absorption of the amino acid constituents of the protein in the lower digestive tract. In one aspect of the invention this is achieved by mixing a protein containing material with a reducing carbohydrate and subjecting the mixture to heat, pressure and shear forces.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for enhancing feed utilization efficiency in a ruminant animal by adding to the feed a sufficient amount of a nonionic surfactant to enhance the utilization of the feed by the animal. The methods and compositions result in enhanced weight gain and/or milk production by the animal. Preferred nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylenesorbitan monooleate and polyoxyethylenesorbitan trioleate at a concentration range of from about 0.01 to 1% (w/w) of the dry weight of the feed. A digestion enhancing enzyme and lactic acid bacteria inoculum may also be added to the feed. The surfactant is added to the feed by spraying a dilute solution of the surfactant onto the feed, or by coating the surfactant onto a particulate carrier such as celite, diatomaceous earth or silica and adding the carrier to the feed.

Abstract: A sheet pack having a multi-layer moisture-permeable support including a hydrophobic layer and a hydrophilic layer, and a cosmetic substance, and a method for applying the sheet pack, including the steps of supplying moisture to skin and applying the sheet pack to the moisture-supplied skin.

Abstract: A blend of at least two polymers, or at least one polymer and a soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone, in combination with a drug provides a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition for a transdermal drug delivery system in which the drug is delivered from the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition and through dermis when the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition is in contact with human skin. According to the invention, soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone can be used to prevent crystallization of the drug, without affecting the rate of drug delivery from the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition.

Abstract: A dermal or transdermal segmented dosage unit for administering a dosage of a pharmaceutical to the skin of a patient. The dosage unit of this invention includes a backing layer which is non-permeable with respect to a pharmaceutical to be administered by the dosage unit, a membranous layer that is permeable to the pharmaceutical, a biologically acceptable adhesive, an impermeable coating means for dividing and severing the dosage unit into pre-selected segmental areas corresponding to fractional dosages of pharmaceutical. The fractional dosages may be administered in any pre-selected combination.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of freeze dried liposome encapsulated amphiphilic drug compositions, which process comprises preparing a liposomal suspension of multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) which encapsulate an amphiphilic drug compsition, adding sorbitol to the liposomal suspension and lyophilisation of the suspension.

Abstract: Liposome encapsulated antibiotic therapy has limited application against infectious organisms, which can sequester in non-phagocytic cells. Virulence factors of these infectious organisms, for example bacterial components, when used in the formulation of liposomes can enhance the effectiveness of liposomes as delivery systems in the treatment of disease. In this manner, multi-functional liposomes can be developed to treat target diseases. In addition to serving as antibiotic delivery systems, such liposomes also have an immunization effect. Thus, the liposomes can be used for both the prevention and treatment of diseases.

Abstract: Microspheres comprising a gelified polar core which is optionally surrounded by concentric and alternating superimposed n lipidic bilayers or n aqueous liquid layers and n gelified polar layers, n being an integer. The microspheres of the invention are obtainable by delipidation of liposomes designated as liposomes having a gelified polar core, of the type comprising at least one outer lipidic bilayer and at least one inner polar aqueous phase containing a gelified substance.

Abstract: A liposomal aminoglycoside formulation comprising a neutral lipid, a negatively charged lipids and a sterol. The formulation contains unilamellar vesicles having an average size below 100 nm. A process of making liposomes containing an aminoglycoside is also provided. A method is also provided for the treatment of drug susceptible and drug resistant bacteria.