Abstract: Methods for quenching a heated metallic object comprising discharging a plurality of discrete gas streams from a plurality of nozzle outlets such that the gas streams impinge substantially uniformly over the outer surface of the object, wherein the distance (a) between each nozzle outlet and the outer surface of the object against which the associated gas stream impinges is less than or equal to half the diameter (d) of the nozzle outlet.

Abstract: A low-solids gas generating composition, which is a mixture of a fuel selected for the group consisting of cellulose, cellulose acetate, hexamine, and mixtures thereof, and an oxidizer selected from the group consisting of ceric ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, lithium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, phase stabilized ammonium nitrate, a combination of ammonium nitrate with potassium nitrate, potassium perchlorate, or mixtures thereof, such that the combination is a solid solution, a mixture of ammonium perchlorate and at least one alkali metal salt, and mixtures thereof. The combination of ammonium nitrate with other salts in solid solution is intended to phase stabilize the ammonium nitrate. The oxidizer-fuel mixture is within about 4 percent of stoichiometric balance. Useful alkali metal salts include lithium carbonate, lithium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a pneumatic rubber tire having a rubber sidewall composition of a lug and groove configuration which is designed to be ground contacting. Such sidewall configuration is of a rubber composition comprised of a blend of natural rubber and cis 1,4-polybutadiene rubber which contains specified carbon black reinforcement and silica together with a coupling agent. The tire tread rubber composition differs from the rubber composition of said sidewall lug and groove configuration by being exclusive of silica and coupling agent and carbon black reinforcement exclusive of said specified carbon black.

Abstract: A wheel having a rim with first and second rim seats, at least the first rim seat having a generatrix, the axially outer end of which is on a circle of diameter less than the diameter of the circle on which the axially inner end is located, the first rim seat being extended axially outward by a low protrusion or hump and axially inward by a bearing surface intended to receive a tread support ring, and a wheel disk, joined on the side of the first rim seat to the radially inner wall of the rim, characterized in that the rim bearing surface includes first and second support zones separated by a circumferential groove which opens radially outward.

Abstract: A tire having a crown, two sidewalls and two beads, a carcass reinforcement anchored in the two tire beads and a belt reinforcement, the belt reinforcement including at least two superposed reinforcing plies formed by cords parallel in each ply and criss-crossed from one to the other forming with the circumferential direction angles (&agr;, &bgr;) ranging between 10° and 70° and characterized in that, there is provided, between the two superposed reinforcing plies, at least two axially adjacent rubber decoupling layers with different mechanical properties and in that each of the two rubber decoupling layers is in contact with the cords of the two superposed reinforcing layers.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for adhering a part and a part support with the intermediary of intermediate members are disclosed. The method and apparatus are capable of assembling the part and part support while easily and accurately maintaining the intermediate members in a positional relation for adhesion relative to the part and part support.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new and novel tire construction and method of making same wherein the uncured elastomeric material that is laid upon the tire building drum during building of the tire preform will not experience substantially meridional stretch which would otherwise cause a decrease in the uniformity of ply thickness during expansion of the preform in the vulcanizing mold.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a radial tire is disclosed, wherein a tread ring is formed separately from a tier main body by the sue of a tread ring forming apparatus. The radial tire comprises a belt having a camber and a band wound thereon. The tread ring is an annular assembly of a raw belt, a raw band wound thereon and a raw tread rubber. The tread ring forming apparatus comprising a belt drum made up of segments defining the drum circumference. In a cross section including the belt drum axis, the radially outer surface of each segment is a straight line parallel to the axis. In a cross section normal to the belt drum axis, the radiallly outer surface is an arc having one radius substantially equal to one half of the drum diameter, but the drum circumference is decreased in the belt edge portion than the central portion by increasing gaps between the segments.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a tire the beads of which are without anchoring bead wires and are reinforced by complexes of layers of reinforcement elements of low angle, around which complexes the radial carcass reinforcement is anchored by winding, said process being characterized in that each complex is produced independently of the carcass reinforcement blank, the manufacture of said complex including using at least one raw blank of reinforcement elements which are oriented at a higher angle than the angle to be obtained in the vulcanized state, subjecting said ply to pre-extension before formation of a two-layer sleeve, the pitch, angle and width characteristics of which are obtained by pantograph effect upon a second extension.

Abstract: A filter element formed of a pleated filter medium (11) and having a seal or gasket element (15) on its periphery or end faces. On one side of the filter element, which may represent either the inlet or the outlet side of the filter element, at least one adhesive track or reinforcing member (12, 13, 14), and preferably at least two adhesive tracks or reinforcing members (12, 13, 14), is/are arranged in such a way that the filter element can be bent to a curved configuration in one direction.

Abstract: Articles including material laminated to a surface of a microcellular substrate are disclosed, as well as methods of making these articles. Microcellular polymeric material in sheet form can be extruded and continuously fed from the extruded to a lamination system, or microcellular sheet can be produced and stored, and then fed into a lamination system.

Abstract: An improved process for permanently attaching an overlay to a wheel disc, wherein the overlay is aligned and spaced apart from the wheel disc. A mold is created by a combination of the overlay, wheel disc and localized nests that engage at predetermined times during foam filling to close the mold. The mold is adequately sealed so that there is no foam leakage as the foam expands to fill the mold and, therefore, no final trimming of excess foam is required. The improved process is capable of accommodating a wheel having turbine openings therein.

Abstract: A sheet for protecting a paint film, the sheet comprising a substrate and formed on one side thereof a rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer which has, on a side opposite the substrate side, a modified surface layer having a thickness of 100 nm or smaller and having a higher functional group concentration than the inner parts of the adhesive layer; and a process for producing the sheet which comprises subjecting a rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed on a substrate to a treatment for generating functional groups on the surface of the adhesive layer. The sheet, even when applied to a poorly bondable paint film apt to cause adhesion failures due to bleeding, etc.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for etching films on semiconductor substrates and cleaning etch chambers. The method includes an improved processing sequence and cleaning method where residue formed from processing a previous substrate are cleaned by the etching process used to remove an exposed layer of material from the present substrate. The process provides improved substrate throughput by combining the step to clean residue from a previous substrate with an etch step conducted on the present substrate. Applicants have found the method particularly useful in processing structures such as DRAM stacks, especially where the residue is formed by a trench etched in the previous silicon substrate and the exposed layer etched from the present substrate is silicon nitride.

Abstract: A dry etching step during the manufacturing of a substrate for a liquid crystal display (LCD) device is improved by placing the substrate at a predetermined distance away from the lower electrode to prevent damage of the substrate due to electrostatic formed therebetween. An insulating tape attached on the lower electrode provides electrostatic protection between the substrate and the lower electrode, so that the substrate is properly lifted off the lower electrode via the lifting pins of the lower electrode without electrostatic interference.

Abstract: An oscillating arm apparatus for manufacturing a tire reinforcement from a single cord in which the cord is deposited in contiguous arches on a rigid core by a system of arms arranged in series conveying an eyelet in such a way as to allow it to traverse a core and thus deposit adjacent arches.

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing a liquid or encapsulating a semiconductor device package on a tape is disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a dispensing station for dispensing a liquid encapsulant on the tape; a tape transfer station; a cover film attaching station for attaching a cover film to the tape to screen windows of the tape; and a cover film detaching station. The cover film is automatically attached to and separated from the tape by the cover film attaching station and the cover film detaching station. The apparatus prevents the liquid from flowing under the tape. In addition, a method for encapsulating a semiconductor device package having a tape is disclosed.

Abstract: Virgin fibers or de-inked recycled fibers modified by steam explosion in the presence of certain chemicals are able to form handsheets with higher bulk while substantially retaining strength and brightness.

Abstract: In the treatment of cellulose pulp in connection with bleaching, the pulp is first cooked and, if necessary, oxygen delignified in order to reduce the Kappa number below 24, preferably below 14, and after that the pulp is treated in an acid stage at a pH of 2-5 and at a temperature range of 75-130° C. in order to reduce the Kappa number by 2-9 units. To prevent essential weakening of the strength properties of the pulp in the acid stage treatment tower, the retention time, t min, is 30 to 300 minutes and the treatment temperature, T° C.

Abstract: A low energy process for the manufacture of high yield pulp that involves the processing of chemically-treated chips or wood fiber at high stresses or intensity.

Abstract: In a method for the production and converting of paper, paper-specific information determined during paper production is transmitted to and considered during the respective converting process to thereby optimize at least one converting process.

Abstract: Pressing arrangement having two press rolls forming at least one press nip for dewatering a web, and two dewatering belts arranged to be guided through the at least one press nip with the web. The dewatering belts positioned on opposite sides of the web to absorb water. A common guidance path, formed by the dewatering belts guiding the web, is located after the at least one press nip. A separating roll and a lower one of the dewatering belts is arranged to wrap the separating roll along with the web at an end of the common guidance path. An upper one of the dewatering belts is arranged to be guided away from the web in a separation path in a region of the separating roll. Lower dewatering belt and web wrap the separating roll subsequent to the separation path at a wrapping angle of at least about 30°.

Abstract: A casting includes a heat transfer surface having a plurality of cavities. The plurality of cavities include a density of at least about 25 cavities per square centimeter to about 1,100 cavities per square centimeter resulting in increased surface area and therefore enhanced heat transfer capability. Also disclosed is a mold for forming a pattern for molding the casting. The mold includes a surface defining a portion of a chamber to which are attached a plurality of particles having an average particle size in a range of about 300 microns to about 2,000 microns.

Abstract: A casting method includes the steps of cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase, cooling the metal slurry to form a solid metal material and heating the metal material to a semi-melted metal material and supplying it into a mold. A casting apparatus includes a first device for cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase and a second device for cooling the metal slurry to form a solid metal material. The metal material is then heated to a semi-melted state and the resultant metal material is poured into a mold. A method for manufacturing a metal material being heated to a semi-melted state and then supplied into a mold, includes the steps of cooling a molten metal to form a metal slurry containing a solid phase and cooling the metal slurry to form a solid metal material.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for preventing undesirable intensive cooling particularly of the strip edge areas of a cast strand resulting from running water emerging from the bottom opening of a secondary cooling chamber, wherein high-energy spray jets of a deflection medium are produced and directed against the emerging running water transversely of the strip edge areas of the cast strand, such that the running water is deflected from the strip edge areas and is discharged through outlet openings of the secondary cooling chamber arranged on both sides of the cast strand.

Abstract: A continuous slab casting method whereby upstream of a soft reduction portion of a path of the strand and preferably downstream of a liquid core reduction portion, the strand is allowed to bulge by ferrostatic pressure of the liquid core, the bulge being pressed back during the soft reduction stage.

Abstract: A device for air-conditioning a motor vehicle has an engine-cooling loop, a heat-pump loop containing a compressor, an evaporator as cold source of the heat pump and a condenser as hot source of the heat pump. The condenser is integrated into the engine-cooling loop upstream of the air heater. An air-conditioning branch has a condenser and an evaporator with an upstream end connected to the heat-pump loop downstream of the compressor, and a downstream end connected to the heat-pump loop upstream of the compressor. Switching means make it possible to make the refrigerant fluid circulate either in the heat-pump loop, or in the heat-pump branch, in such a way as to form a heat-pump loop.

Abstract: A stand-off device for tubulars comprising a sleeve adapted to fit around a tubular, the sleeve comprising an outer surface and a plurality of blades extending along the outer surface of the sleeve, the blades comprising a bearing surface, wherein the bearing surface of each blade is curved longitudinally. The device may be metallic or non-metallic. Non-metallic devices further comprise a protective coating to inhibit abrasion, corrosion, sparking, and electrolysis. The stand-off device is particularly suitable for use with casing in deviated wellbores.

Abstract: The present invention is related to an aqueous composition of at least one hydrophobically associating polymer and at least one surfactant, the mixture's viscosity being substantially constant or increased over temperatures ranging from about 20° C. to about 100° C. In another embodiment, the invention is related to a method for recovering oil from a subterranean reservoir by injecting into the reservoir a mixture of at least 100 to 25,000 ppm of a hydrophobically associating polymer per million parts by weight of water, about 25 to about 7,500 parts by weight per million parts by weight of water of one or more surfactants; and from about 0.5 wt. % to about 10 wt. %, based on the weight of water, of salts selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline earth metal halides and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A method for securing and sealing one tubular to another downhole facilitates cementing prior to sealing and allows for suspension of one tubular in the other by virtue of pipe expansion techniques.

Abstract: A method for drilling and completing oil wells of small intermediate diameter, in particular for application in ultra deep water. The method includes two drilling and running stages. The first stage of drilling and running provides for drilling the well and running at least first and second casings. The second stage provides for drilling and running at least two and more preferably three suspended liners.

Abstract: An electrical system comprised of modular components which quickly assemble to create common lighting and general utility electrical circuits. All wiring is completed in the electrical box prior to installing the electrical devices such as switches and receptacles, thereby eliminating the need for extra length wires in the electrical boxes and the timely, cumbersome wiring practices associated with conventional residential electrical circuits. The electrical devices plug into the prewired electrical box, thereby providing quick and easy removal and replacement of the device in the event of failure. The common residential lighting and general utility circuits are automatically configured by simply selecting the proper electrical components. A dedicated earth ground is automatically carried to each electrical component with no effort on the part of the installer, thereby providing safer electrical circuits.

Abstract: A technique is provided that can shorten electrical connections between elements of a device and terminals of a printed wiring board. The multilayer printed wiring board has a recess and comprises connection terminals of wiring films disposed in the recess and exposed from the recess. The device comprises connection terminals of an element disposed in the recess and exposed from the recess.

Abstract: A grommet is provided that can be engaged in a through hole of the vehicle body panel by a single motion of pushing the grommet in only one direction. The grommet has a small diameter tubular part to tightly engage a wire harness inserted therein, an enlarged diameter part that continues from an end of the small diameter tubular part into the conical tubular shape, and a generally annular vehicle body engaging recess on the outer peripheral face of the enlarged diameter tubular part. The wall thickness of the enlarged diameter tubular part is approximately the same from the position of continuation with the small diameter tubular part to a bottom end of a first side wall of the vehicle body engaging recess.

Abstract: A fire-retardant adhesive and a fire-retardant adhesive film, which are suitable for producing flat cables using a non-halogen flame-retardant and have fire-retardant properties rivaling those of halogen flame-retardants while maintaining good electrical insulating properties, comprises (A) a polyester resin, (B) a nitrogen-containing organic flame-retardant and (C) a boron compound.

Abstract: An inspecting jig 1 for a wire harness for inspecting electric continuity of terminals 5 in a connector 8, comprising a jig body 10 having an opening 24 into which the connector is adapted to be inserted, a continuity checking part 11 adapted to be electrically connected to the terminals of the connector when the connector has entered into the opening, a lever member 12 swingably fitted to the jig body and including a locking portion 32 at its one end 12b which is adapted to be locked with an end face 8a of the connector 8 when the connector has entered into the opening 24, thereby to keep the terminals 5 and the continuity checking part 11 in an electrically connected state, and biasing means 13 for biasing the lever member 12 in a direction in which the locking portion 32 is locked with the end face 8a.

Abstract: A structure for wiring a wire harness between an automobile body and a mobile article is provided. The wire harness is wired by being bent between the mobile article which is configured for movement relative to the automobile body, and is flexibly moved in accordance with the motion of the mobile article. The structure includes a spiral tube made of a synthetic resin which is wound and sheathed on an electric wire group of the wire harness that is bent and wired at a transition portion between the automobile body and the mobile article. The sheathing material may be used for the transition portion of the wire harness wired from an automobile body to a mobile article such as door, seat and the like.

Abstract: In a shield terminal joining structure for joining a shield terminal to a prescribed grounding position along a shielded cable that is formed by an inner core wire made of a conductor, an inner insulation covering that covers the inner core wire, a braid that is provided around the outside periphery of the inner insulation covering, an outer insulation covering that covers the braid, resistive welding is performed while crimping parts of the shield terminal to the outer covering of the shielded cable at the grounding position, so as to melt away part of the outer insulation covering, enabling a weld to be made between the crimping parts and the braid of the shielded cable.

Abstract: A ribbon cable includes electrical conductors surrounded by an insulator and vent tubes positioned adjacent and parallel to the conductors and insulator. The vent tubes allow airflow between an internal area of the enclosure and an external atmosphere and prevent access to the internal area of the enclosure.

Abstract: A motor cable for supplying power to a motor from an Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) converter with high switching speeds has reduced leakage current in the motor cable and in the motor by including a sheath comprising a ferromagnetic material for enclosing the electrically conducting leads of the cable.

Abstract: An insulator with a molding made of ceramic and a hydrophobic coating applied to the surface of the molding is disclosed, the hydrophobic coating comprising a plasma polymer having been applied directly to the ceramic. The previously customary glaze on the surface of the ceramic is replaced by the plasma polymer. Such an insulator has high long-term stability with regard to its electrical insulating capability. It is possible to dispense with complicated shaping of the molding to increase the leakage path over the surface of the ceramic and with the application of a glaze, which means a considerable cost saving.

Abstract: A seal construction of a polymer insulator has a core member, an outer cover member including a sheath portion and sheds, which is arranged on an outer surface of the core member, and securing metal fittings arranged on both ends of the core member, wherein a tip portion of the sheathe portion is arranged between the securing metal fitting and the core member and a sealant is arranged between an inner surface of the securing metal fitting and an outer surface of the tip portion of the sheath portion. The seal construction mentioned above has constructions: a small rib projected from the sheath portion of the outer cover member is arranged; a side surface of the small rib is connected to the open end portion of the securing metal fitting via the sealant; and the sealant is not protruded from a portion between the side surface of the small rib and the open end portion of the securing metal fitting.

Abstract: Contact structures exhibiting resilience or compliance for a variety of electronic components are formed by bonding a free end of a wire to a substrate, configuring the wire into a wire stem having a springable shape, severing the wire stem, and overcoating the wire stem with at least one layer of a material chosen primarily for its structural (resiliency, compliance) characteristics.

Abstract: Contact structures exhibiting resilience or compliance for a variety of electronic components are formed by bonding a free end of a wire to a substrate, configuring the wire into a wire stem having a springable shape, severing the wire stem, and overcoating the wire stem with at least one layer of a material chosen primarily for its structural (resiliency, compliance) characteristics.

Abstract: In the semiconductor integrated circuit, an auxiliary conductor is formed in a wiring layer beneath a signal wire which connects a position Vin estimated to generate static electricity and a position Vout to be protected from static electricity. The capacitance of a glass substrate can be reduced to 1/1000 of the capacitance of the interlayer insulating film. Accordingly, even if a voltage of 1000 to 2000 V is generated between a substrate conveying system and the auxiliary conductor, the glass substrate works as a dielectric, and the voltage generated between the auxiliary conductor and signal wire is only several volts.

Abstract: A method for laser drilling blind vias at multiple depths in a multilayer panel comprising forming a panel having a plurality of conductive layers and a plurality of dielectric layers interposed therebetween, a first relief in the first conductive layer, a second relief in a second conductive layer, and a blind pin in the third conductive layer, the first and second reliefs and blind pin being aligned. The panel is irradiated, laser energy passing through the first and second reliefs to remove material from the first and second dielectric layers and then plated, thereby forming a blind via from the first to third conductive layers through the second conductive layer.

Abstract: Wiring board having a wiring layer to which electronic components are electrically connected, in through-holes closed at one of the ends thereof by the wiring layer are formed at predetermined positions of the wiring board, and a low melting point metal for electrically connecting the wiring layer to the electronic components is filled into the through-holes, and a semiconductor device using the same. The production methods of the wiring board and the semiconductor device are also disclosed.

Abstract: Automatic loader (10) for drill rods (11) able to be associated with a boring machine having a guide and drive assembly (12) for said drill rods (11), said loader (10) comprising at least a store (13) containing a plurality of said drill rods (11) and movement means (14) able to selectively remove, one at a time, said drill rods (11) from said store (13) to position them on said guide and drive assembly (12), said movement means (14) being arranged in an intermediate position between said store (13) and said guide and drive assembly (12), so as to not interfere with the latter during the removal of said drill rods (11) from said store (13).

Abstract: The invention provides a rotary drag-type drill bit in which the relationship of torque to rotary bit speed is such that torque generally increases with bit speed. Such a bit has a reduced tendency to exhibit the phenomenon known as “stick-slip” while drilling, when compared with bits having a different torque /speed characteristic, as a result of the positive damping effect of the torque/speed relationship. One method of designing such a drill bit comprises ascertaining the torque/rotary bit speed relationship, or other correlated relationships, for a number of different drill bit designs and then selecting from those designs a design having the desired type of relationship. Examples of drill bit structures specifically designed to achieve the desired torque/speed relationship are also disclosed.

Abstract: A bi-center drill bit includes pilot and reaming blades affixed to a body at azimuthally spaced locations. The blades have PDC cutters attached at selected positions. In one aspect, the pilot blades form a section having length along the bit axis less than about 80 percent of a diameter of the section. In another aspect, selected pilot blades and corresponding reaming blades are formed into single spiral structures. In another aspect, shapes and positions of the blades and inserts are selected so that lateral forces exerted by the reaming and the pilot sections are balanced as a single structure. Lateral forces are preferably balanced to within 10 percent of the total axial force on the bit. In another aspect, the center of mass of the bit is located less than about 2.5 percent of the diameter of the bit from the axis of rotation. In another aspect, jets are disposed in the reaming section oriented so that their axes are within about 30 degrees of normal to the axis of the bit.