Abstract: A structure absorbs impact energy in an upper vehicle body portion provided with a vehicle body structural member and an interior trim spaced inward from the structural member. The structure includes an energy absorbing member disposed in the interval between the structural member and the interior trim and extending along the structural member in a lengthwise direction of the structural member, and a spacer substantially filling a gap formed between the energy absorbing member and the interior trim. The energy absorbing member is formed so that a section thereof taken on an imaginary plane perpendicular to the lengthwise direction has a substantially uniform shape along the lengthwise direction.

Abstract: A body structure for a vehicle having a toe board opposite to a rear section of a front wheel, a side frame extending in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle and a bumper beam extending in a widthwise direction of the vehicle and connected with a front end of the side frame, includes an impact absorbing means provided in the side frame for absorbing an impact applied from the front side of the vehicle and a front wheel rotation guiding means provided at the bumper beam for guiding a front section of the front wheel so as to rotate inwardly when an impact is applied to the bumper beam.

Abstract: A channel member for constructing an elongated wall portion of a vehicle body, having, as viewed in the cross section, first and second side wall portions (12B) extending substantially perpendicularly to a direction of transverse extension of the elongated wall portion so as to define opposite sides of the channel member, first and second bottom wall portions (12F) extending substantially in parallel with the direction of transverse extension of the elongated wall portion and connected with the first and second side wall portions (12B) along adjacent ends thereof, first and second perpendicular intermediate wall portions (12G) extending substantially transversely to the direction of transverse extension of the elongated wall portion and connected with the first and second bottom wall portions (12F) along adjacent ends thereof, and a central wall portion (12E) extending between the first and second perpendicular intermediate wall portions (12G) and connected with the first and second perpendicular intermediate

Abstract: A sidewall of a trailer is formed from at least two composite panels joined together by a novel joining configuration. Each panel is formed from inner and outer thin metal skins and a plastic core sandwiched between the skins. In several embodiments, at least one of the skins has at least one end coined to as to compress the core between the skins to define a coined end section. A logistics plate and a splicing member are used to join the panels together and are secured thereto by rivets. The logistics plate and/or the splicing member may sit against the coined end sections. The splicing member may have flat top and bottom portions to facilitate in the attachment of the panels to the top and bottom rails of the trailer. In other embodiments, a logistics plate is secured by rivets to the panels for joining them together. The splicing member is eliminated and instead, the outer skin of at least one panel is extended to lie behind the logistics plate.

Abstract: A passenger chair or a group of passenger chairs, particularly in an aircraft cabin, is equipped with a convenience device that includes an open storage bail which can hold only flat articles but not waste material, and a waste container for holding waste material but not flat articles. The storage bail and waste container form either a mounting unit or retrofit kit or are separate components. In both instances the mounting unit and the separate components are secured to a back facing area of a chair or group of chairs. The separate components are preferably so constructed that individual retrofit kits are provided.

Abstract: A chair has a frame, a seat plate which is mountable on a frame and is inclinable by a weight displacement, the seat plate has a front half which is turnably connected with the frame, and a location which is arranged further to the back and is connectable in articulated manner with the frame, a lever articulately connecting the location of the seat plate with the frame, at least one leg spring mounted under the seat plate on the frame and applying a return force to the seat plate, and an abutment on which the seat plate, depending on a body weight of a stool user, is adjustable.

Abstract: A seat sliding apparatus has left and right rail pairs each including an upper rail for supporting a seat and a lower rail for fixing to a vehicle body. In each of the left and right rail pairs, left and right resin sliders are attached to lateral edges of the upper or lower rails, to facilitate sliding motion of the upper rail along the lower rail. Each resin slider has a larger engaging portion and a smaller engaging portion. The left and right resin sliders are arranged in parallel to each other, but extended in opposite direction, so that the larger engaging portion is ahead of the smaller engaging portion in one of the left and right resin slider whereas, in the other resin slider, smaller engaging portion is ahead of the larger engaging portion.

Abstract: A dual dump trailer assembly (10) is provided which provides for operating two end dump trailers (12, 14) with a single cab (16). The operation is possible by use of a movable pedestal (30) having a fifth wheel mounted on the forward end dump trailer (12). The pedestal (30) is in the rearward, trailing position to attach the rearward end dump trailer (14) at the fifth wheel (110) on the pedestal for towing. Upon arrival at the dump site, the rearward end dump trailer (14) can be dumped and then detached from the forward end dump trailer (12). The pedestal (30) mounting the fifth wheel will move forward to a forward, dumping position, permitting the contents of the forward end dump trailer (12) to be dumped.

Abstract: In order to attach brush bristle tufts onto carriers made of thermoplastic material, which are formed with multiple holes according to a desired tuft pattern, the bristle tufts are first inserted into the holes in such a way that the bristle tips that are to be used protrude from one side while the bristle ends protrude only slightly from the holes on the opposite side. A heated punch has a multiplicity of conical or pyramidal projections. The projections of this punch penetrate between the holes into the mass of the carrier so that this mass softens and is pushed laterally into the interstices of the bristle tufts. In this manner, a tight interlock is created between the material of the bristles and that of the carrier.

Abstract: A plurality of elastic, deformable fixing pieces (22) the front end (22a) of each of which is engaged with a second curved concave part (16) of a rim (14), are disposed on the reverse side (21a) of a cover body (21) made of synthetic resin, and a plurality of engagement convex parts (23) that are engaged with engagement holes (26) of the fixing piece (22), respectively, and maintain a state in which the fixing pieces (22) are curved are disposed on the reverse side (21a) thereof. Each fixing piece (22) and each engagement convex part (23) that are the fixing means of the wheel cover (20) are formed integrally with the cover body (21) made of synthetic resin, and all the wheel cover (20) is made of synthetic resin, and therefore recyclability can be improved. Additionally, since other members, such as wire rings, are not needed, weight saving can be achieved.

Abstract: A coordinated regenerative brake system controls total brake torque to brake a vehicle in accordance with brake pedal operation and achieve deceleration intended by the driver's operation of the brakes when the accelerator is not depressed. In a vehicle speed range below specific speed V1, engine brake equivalent torque Ta is set to decrease gradually to zero in accordance with vehicle speed V. When brake operation starts at a vehicle speed exceeding V1, the desired total brake torque Tq working on the vehicle is the sum of brake torque Tb corresponding to brake operation, and engine brake equivalent torque Ta, until vehicle speed reaches specific speed V1. When vehicle speed is V1 or less, brake torque is controlled using as desired total brake torque Tq the sum of brake torque Tb corresponding to brake operation, and first engine brake equivalent torque Ta1, if brake operation amount Sb is greater than or equal to a first brake operation amount Sb1.

Abstract: In a submergence-detecting power-window apparatus, [when an operation is carried out on a window-opening-and-closing switch] with a submergence-detecting circuit put in an inoperative state, a control unit turns on one of multiple control switches corresponding to the operation carried out on the window-opening-and-closing switch, a switch control unit applies a control voltage to a motor-driving unit through the turned-on control switch to drive the window-opening-and-closing motor in order to open or close the window; and with the submergence-detecting circuit put in an operative state by [a] the car's submergence [detected by a submergence-detecting sensor], a turned-on state of any one of the control switches is made ineffective and an operation carried out on the submergence-time window-opening switch causes a control voltage to be supplied to the motor-driving unit [to drive the window-opening-and-closing motor] in order to open the window.

Abstract: In a vehicle-mounted electrical component, potentially redundant resistances 4d, 4h, 4i and the corresponding voltage detecting circuit 5d, or the terminals 21, 22, 23, 24 and the switch for turning the switch interposed between the terminals 21 and 22, and the terminals 23 and 24 ON and OFF are exposed on the external surface of the main body so that setting according to the specifications can be performed outside the main body.

Abstract: A DC power plant system is provided utilizing battery back up for emergency power for use with telephone switching equipment or other loads, whereby the system provides for a more efficient use of the DC rectifiers and allows a standby emergency power source to be sized to fit only the actual load rectifiers which will reduce the cost of the emergency standby power system.

Abstract: A smart card interface device which can be installed in an expansion slot of a handheld device comprises: a host interface unit for connecting with I/O ports included in the expansion slot of the handheld device so as to receive/send serial communication data signals and clock signals from/to said I/O ports; a first smart card connector provided at a surface of said smart card interface device, for electrically connecting with a smart card of the first type; a first smart card interface unit for detecting whether a smart card of the first type has been connected to said first smart card connector and for driving the smart card of the first type being connected; a protocol implementation unit for controlling each component of said smart card interface device so as to implement communication protocols between said smart card interface device and said handheld device as well as between said smart card interface device and said smart card of the first type.

Abstract: A transducer for a stringed musical instrument utilizes a coaxial structure. A thin layer of a piezoelectric polymer material is extruded about an inner, electrically conductive core. An outer conductor is formed about the piezoelectric polymer material. Polarization of the piezoelectric polymer material is accomplished in conjunction with the extrusion process. The piezoelectric polymer material has an optimized thickness for consistent responsiveness across a desired range of input stimuli, and is capable of maintaining the integrity of the transducer over time. The transducer configured for placement underneath the saddle in a bridge of a stringed musical instrument.

Abstract: To provide a rotor magnet which is small-sized and provided with high magnetic energy, a rotor magnet 1 adopts a bonded magnet constituted by forming an SmFeN magnetic powder bonded by a binder such as a polyamide, the SmFeN magnetic powder is provided with a size of about {fraction (1/10)} of an NdFeB magnetic powder and therefore, a density of the magnetic powder in a magnet can be made uniform and dense and accordingly, there is no dispersion of poles when a number of poles are magnetized and a rotor can be downsized since maximum energy product of the magnet is higher than that of an SmCo series magnet.

Abstract: A spindle motor includes a rotor case in which a shaft support portion is installed at the center of the rotor and a plurality of disc mounting guides are formed by being lifted from the upper surface around the shaft support portion at a predetermined interval, a shaft installed at the shaft support portion, a disc chuck spring having at least one disc inner hold chucking portion and arranged at the rotor case such that at least one disc inner hole chucking portion slightly protrudes between the disc mounting guides, a magnet arranged inside the rotor case, an armature stator facing the magnet via a gap, and a stator base where the armature stator is arranged, the stator base supporting the shaft inside the armature stator.

Abstract: A motor device comprises a motor unit and a reduction unit. The motor unit comprises a yoke which is formed in a generally bottomed cylindrical shape, and a rotor having an armature and a rotary shaft. The reduction unit comprises a gear housing accommodating a reduction gear device for producing an output after reducing rotational speed of the rotor and fixed to the opening of the yoke. A commutator and brushes for the motor unit are disposed in the gear housing which is provided outside the opening of the yoke in the axial direction of the rotary shaft. The gear housing has a flange formed in a square shape, and the brushes are arranged along the diagonal lines of the square shape.

Abstract: In a rotary electric machine with a stator elastic support structure, conductor segments of a stator winding, each which is formed into an approximate U-shape, are inserted into slots of a stator core in such a manner that leg parts of each conductor segment penetrate through the slots from one end of the stator core to the other end thereof and are connected at top ends. Further, the conductor segments are arranged to have a predetermined clearance between adjacent two thereof at both coil ends of the stator winding, and a cooling fan is disposed so that air is blown toward the clearances of the conductor segments. Accordingly, when the stator core is supported in a frame through an elastic member, a magnetic noise can be reduced while it can effectively prevent heat deterioration of the elastic member due to heat radiated from the stator core and the stator winding, in low cost.

Abstract: A motor includes a rotatable shaft, a core secured to the rotatable shaft, a fan secured to the rotatable shaft, and a yoke containing the core and the fan. The core has a plurality of slots around which a coil is wound. The fan has a plurality of blades. The yoke has a plurality of vent holes that communicate an interior of the yoke with an exterior of the yoke. The plurality of the vent holes are arranged adjacent the fan. The number of slots, the number of blades and the number of vent holes are set such that these three numbers do not share a common divisor other than 1.

Abstract: An assembly for transferring current comprises at least one electrically conductive slip ring; at least one electrically conductive brush for supplying current to the at least one slip ring; and an electric or pressure actuator driven vibration source for changing the position of the brush with respect to the slip ring. If desired, brush current can shared by using inductance variations or by selective coupling of rotor windings to the slip rings.

Abstract: A plane commutator includes a plurality of commutator segments made of carbon compound, a resinous boss member and a plurality of metal base plates. The plurality of the commutator segments forms a disk-like commutator surface at an end thereof and a base portion at the other end. The resinous base member is disposed in contact with the base portion to support the plurality of commutator segments. Each commutator segment has a projection extending from the base portion, and each base plate has an expansible through hole fitted to the projection. Each projection includes metal powder at portion in contact with the through hole to provide good electrical connection.

Abstract: A device such as an electric motor, an electric generator, or a regenerative electric motor includes a rotor arrangement and a stator arrangement. The stator arrangement has a dielectric electromagnet housing and at least one energizable electromagnet assembly including an overall amorphous metal magnetic core. The overall amorphous metal magnetic core is made up of a plurality of individually formed amorphous metal core pieces. The dielectric electromagnet housing has core piece openings formed into the electromagnet housing for holding the individually formed amorphous metal core pieces in positions adjacent to one another so as to form the overall amorphous metal magnetic core. The device further includes a control arrangement that is able to variably control the activation and deactivation of the electromagnet using any combination of a plurality of activation and deactivation parameters in order to control the speed, efficiency, torque, and power of the device.

Abstract: An outer coating substrate for an electronic component is constructed to be calcined at a low temperature, and greatly decreases the cost thereof while greatly improving the dimensional precision of the substrate. The outer coating substrate for an electronic component includes a multi-layered substrate including a first material layer that is sintered in a liquid phase and a second material layer that is not sintered at the sintering temperature of the first material layer. The first and second material layers are laminated, and calcined at the calcining temperature of the first material layer.

Abstract: A workplace aid for kitchens having a working surface for cutting and cleaning vegetables, fruit or the like, and for subsequent direct conveyance into a container. The workplace aid composed of a case having a circular design and having a work plate which constitutes the upper closure, is integrated, in its entirety, in a working surface having a cut-out of a kitchen combination. The work plate, lying loose on the case and being connected to a lift table which is seated eccentrically on the case bottom of the case and has a scissor-type design, is adjustable in its height and laterally displaceable. This has the advantage that the prepared, for example, vegetables can easily be conveyed into a ready container due to the adjustability of the work plate in its height and the lateral displacement of the work plate over the cooking area.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a nanotube coated with diamond or diamond-like carbon, a field emitter cathode comprising same, and a field emitter comprising the cathode. It is also directed to a method of preventing the evaporation of carbon from a field emitter comprising a cathode comprised of nanotubes by coating the nanotube with diamond or diamond-like carbon. In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of preventing the evaporation of carbon from an electron field emitter comprising a cathode comprised of nanotubes, which method comprises coating the nanotubes with diamond or diamond-like carbon.

Abstract: A lamp holder has a socket housing forming a seat centered on an axis, and a contact fitted to the seat and formed unitarily with a pair of opposite generally axially extending sides flanking the axis. A front finger extending generally axially from one of the sides has a pair of opposite edges and therebetween a face directed radially toward the axis and pressing the lamp contact pin transversely of the axis against the other side. A back finger extending from the other side offset laterally from the front finger has an outer edge juxtaposed with the one side. The conductive core is pinched between the outer edge and the one side laterally adjacent the front finger and bears laterally against one of the edges of the front finger.

Abstract: In a bulb-form lamp, a threaded portion 31 of a lamp cap 5, that is, a shell 30 is made of a conductive resin. The conductive resin shell 30 and an eyelet 50 constituting the lamp cap 5 are composite parts, which are molded integrally with a lamp case 20. A part of the conductive resin shell 30 is provided with a terminal connective portion 30a projecting into the lamp case 20. The terminal connective portion 30a is connected with an electrode terminal 40 led out of a printed circuit board 13 of a lighting circuit 14 so that the conductive resin shell 30 and the lighting circuit 14 are electrically connected. By doing so, it is possible to simplify the assembly of bulb-form lamp, and to reduce an assembly cost, and further, to manufacture a bulb-form lamp having a high quality and a lamp case for the bulb-form lamp.

Abstract: A cathode for an electron tube and a preparing method therefor are provided. In the cathode for an electron tube having a base metal and an electron-emitting material layer, the particle size of the micro structure of the surface of the base metal is controlled to be in the range of 3 to 50 &mgr;m. The cathode for an electron tube has an excellent effect of diffusing intermediate products generated during the operation of the cathode, and is capable of consistently supplying a diffusion path of a reducing agent. Also, the cut off drift rate can be reduced, thereby attaining a long life span characteristic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a field emission type cold cathode structure and an electron gun using the cathode which is capable of preventing electron emission error due to impurities etc. by emitting the electron with the field, the present invention comprises a fusible metal layer formed between a base electrode and each emitter chip, a focus electrode formed on the upper portion of a gate electrode with an insulating layer between them, and a control electrode formed on the upper portion of a focus electrode with an insulating layer between them, accordingly the present invention can reduce power for heating the cathode, display data and a picture instantly on a screen, simplify a structure of an electron lens etc. focusing an electron beam, and improving precision in electron gun assembly.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus with high homogeneity in image quality is provided, which includes anodes 102 on an insulator 101, cathodes 107 orthogonal to the anodes 102, and EL layers 106 interposed between the anodes 102 and the cathodes 107, and auxiliary wirings 103 are electrically connected to the anodes 102. The auxiliary wirings 103 are made of a material lower in resistance than that of the anodes 102, thereby being capable of reducing the wiring resistance of the anodes 102.

Abstract: A luminescence crystal particle which emits light upon irradiation with an energy beam and which has a crystal defect density of 5×107 defects/cm2 or less in a region located from the surface of the luminescence crystal particle to a portion as deep as the energy beam reaches.

Abstract: There are provided an electron source apparatus capable of suppressing variations in electron emission state from electron-emitting devices even with an arrangement using spacers (9), and an image forming apparatus using the electron source apparatus. A plurality of row-direction wiring lines (8) and a plurality of column-direction wiring lines (6) are formed on a substrate (1) so as to cross each other. An electron-emitting device made up of device electrodes (2, 3), a conductive film (4), and an electron-emitting portion 5 is formed at each intersection between the row-direction wiring line (8) and the column-direction wiring line (6). The spacers (9) are arranged on some of the row-direction wiring lines (8). The column-direction wiring lines (6) are respectively connected to controlled constant current sources (221a, 221b, 221c) serving as current sources capable of outputting desired current values.

Abstract: Parallel cathode electrodes extend across the base plate of a display. Each electrode has teeth projecting from both sides, the teeth of adjacent electrodes being closely spaced from one another by a gap that is bridged by a dot of an electron emitter material. A glass screen spaced by a vacuum gap above the base plate carries transparent anode stripes extending transversely of the cathode electrodes and a fluorescent layer of coloured phosphors on the anode stripes. A voltage applied between adjacent cathode electrodes and gates conduction via each electron emitter dot. A voltage applied to an anode stripe causes a part of the current from the emitter directly below the stripe to be directed towards the anode, thereby illuminating the phosphor pixel above the emitter.

Abstract: This invention provides a light-emitting diode which permits mass production and dense packing into a pattern based on the use of a reflow furnace. Its reflection mirror 15 is obtained by stamping a metal plate to give it a smooth concave shape, and treating its concave surface by plating or depositing, for example, silver. The reflection mirror 15 is placed in an opposing relation to the light-emitting surface of a light-emitting element 11; is shaped like approximately a paraboloid of revolution; and has a focal point at which the center of the light emitting surface of light-emitting element 11 is disposed. The light-emitting element 11, parts of lead assemblies 12a and 12b, a bonding wire 13 and the reflection mirror 15 is integrally sealed with a light transmissible material 14 by transfer molding. The surface of the light transmissible material 14 at the rear of the light-emitting element serves as a radiation surface 21.

Abstract: The invention describes a plasma picture screen, in particular an AC plasma picture screen with a coplanar arrangement which has an enhanced luminance. A UV light emitting layer (8) is provided on the front plate (1), which comprises a glass plate (3) on which a dielectric layer (4) and a protective layer (5) are provided, or on the carrier plate (2) with the phosphor (10). Said layer (8) comprises a VUV phosphor which converts the VUV light of the plasma discharge into UV light with a wavelength between 200 and 350 nm and emits this in the direction of the phosphor layer (10).

Abstract: A method of producing a metal halide arc tube is provided, in which four seals are made in the arc tube body. Electrode assemblies are inserted and the arc tube body is sealed at one end, blocking contamination from that end. A second seal encloses the electrode assembly nearer the first seal. Halide and mercury doses are introduced into the central arc chamber through the open end of the arc tube body. A third seal is made at the open end at a distance from the arc chamber, reducing vaporization of the doses and contamination of equipment. A fourth seal encloses the electrode assembly nearer the third seal. The electrode assemblies are thus protected and a reflective coating may be applied without electrode contamination. The ends of the arc tube body are then removed, exposing the electrodes. The arc tube is thus provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a low-pressure gas discharge lamp which includes at least one discharge vessel and at least two capacitive coupling-in structures and operates at an operating frequency f. In order to achieve a better efficiency in combination with a small structural volume, a high luminous flux, a low operating voltage, a low electromagnetic emission, a high resistance against switching transients and a long service life for the low-pressure gas discharge lamp, it is proposed to form each capacitive coupling-in structure from at least one dielectric having a thickness d and a dielectric constant &egr;, each dielectric being subject to the condition d/(f.&egr;)<10−8 cm.s. A substantially larger amount of light can thus be generated per lamp length (lumen/cm).

Abstract: Expressing a perveance of an electron gun to be determined by a form of the electron gun as P&mgr;, a voltage to be impressed on an accelerating electrode Va and a beam current Ib, voltage Va which satisfies the following expression,

Abstract: A plasma display panel and a driving method thereof that are capable of improving the discharge efficiency and the brightness. In the panel, sustaining electrodes are formed at the boundary portions between the discharge cells. Trigger electrodes are formed at the inner sides of the discharge cells. Lattice-shaped barrier ribs are formed in such a manner to surround the discharge cells. The method of driving the panel includes a reset period, an address period and a sustaining period. In the method, a reset pulse is applied to the sustaining electrodes during the reset period. A scanning pulse is applied to the trigger electrodes during the address period. A first sustaining pulse is applied to the trigger electrodes during the sustaining period. A second sustaining pulse is applied to the sustaining electrodes in such a manner to be alternate with the first sustaining pulse.

Abstract: A system for controlling a vehicle power sliding door having a motor supplied voltage from a power source mounted on the vehicle for opening or closing the power sliding door and a motor drive circuit for driving the motor with relays for switching direction of rotation of the motor and a FET for regulating the voltage to be supplied to the motor to change a speed of the motor rotation. In the system, a motor-drive-circuit controller is provided for outputting a command value to the motor drive circuit, thereby enabling to control the direction of rotation of a power sliding door drive motor to effect opening and closing of the power sliding door with minimal total heat loss of semiconductor devices and that, by utilizing PWM control for varying motor rotational speed, lowers product cost by decreasing the size, weight and total number of components of the power sliding door unit. In addition, the faulty operation of the controller is also detected.

Abstract: A movable barrier operator having improved safety and energy efficiency features automatically detects line voltage frequency and uses that information to set a worklight shut-off time. The operator automatically detects the type of door (single panel or segmented) and uses that information to set a maximum speed of door travel. The operator moves the door with a linearly variable speed from start of travel to stop for smooth and quiet performance. The operator provides for full door closure by driving the door into the floor when the DOWN limit is reached and no auto-reverse condition has been detected. The operator provides for user selection of a minimum stop speed for easy starting and stopping of sticky or binding doors.

Abstract: A movable barrier operator having improved safety and energy efficiency features automatically detects line voltage frequency and uses that information to set a worklight shut-off time. The operator automatically detects the type of door (single panel or segmented) and uses that information to set a maximum speed of door travel. The operator moves the door with a linearly variable speed from start of travel to stop for smooth and quiet performance. The operator provides for full door closure by driving the door into the floor when the DOWN limit is reached and no auto-reverse condition has been detected. The operator provides for user selection of a minimum stop speed for easy starting and stopping of sticky or binding doors.

Abstract: An apparatus for precisely controlling the feed rate of a feeder comprises: a motor operatively connected to the feeder to cause dispensing of the feeder when the motor is driven; a control circuit for supplying, when actuated, an AC voltage supply to the motor for driving of the motor; a counter disposed in communication with the control circuit for actuation thereof when an overflow signal is generated by the counter; a latch controller disposed in communication with the counter for enablement and disablement of the counter, the latch controller disabling the counter when the overflow signal is generated by the counter; a detector connected to the AC voltage supply for detecting when the AC voltage crosses over a median voltage thereof, the detector further disposed in communication with the latch controller for enablement of the counter when the median voltage is detected; and a fuzzy logic controller disposed in communication with the counter for generating an output to the counter that loads a determined

Abstract: A numerical control apparatus for the numerical control of a roll grinding machine comprises a flaw detecting means for scanning the entire surface of a roll (11), provided with an ultrasonic detecting head (23) for detecting flaws formed in the surface of the roll (11), a command generating means for generating cross-feed commands to repair detected flaws on the basis of flaw information about the positions and levels of the detected flaws, a control means for executing a first shaft position control operation on the basis of the cross-feed command to position the grinding wheel at a position with respect to a Z-axis corresponding to the position of the flaw by moving the wheel spindle stock in parallel to the axis of the roll and a second shaft positioning control operation to cross-feed the grinding wheel in parallel to an X-axis, and a decision means for deciding whether or not the flaw has been completely repaired and invoking the next cross-feed command if the flaw has been completely repaired.

Abstract: A numerical control system includes a curved-surface state evaluating unit 20 for forming curved-surface evaluation data of evaluation points by arranging virtually the tool on a given scheduled path locus, that serves as the criterion of movement of a tool, to come into contact with a processed surface of a processing object and by setting a plurality of evaluation points to evaluate a shape of the curved surface, a command speed deciding unit 30 for deciding a command speed appropriately by using a passing speed and other data in the evaluation data, and a tool position data forming unit 40 for calculating quickly a succeeding tool position by utilizing the evaluation data. Above operations are performed in real time.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for regulating the phase current in the windings of a reluctance machine. Regulation is carried out using a digital regulator, which operates using a PI characteristic and presets pulse-width-modulated pulses for a DC chopper controller. Set values, which are a function of the phase voltage, are superimposed on the regulator manipulated variable by means of a pilot control.

Abstract: In a driving control method for a synchronous reluctance motor, a novel vector control method is employed which does not need the salient pole position angle detector. More particularly, the present invention provides a vector control method which can accurately and efficiently estimate cosine and sine signals, being rotation signals for the vector rotators.

Abstract: A motor control apparatus and a method according to the invention are directed to detecting a motor velocity. Leading and trailing edges of two pulse signals are distinctively detected from one another, and those pulse signals have cycles which are proportional to the motor velocity, and a phase difference between the pulse signals is about one quarter of a single cycle from one another. Then, a period of time between the pulse edges in the same direction of the same pulse signal is measured, and the period of time between the pulse edges is used to sequentially convert it into the motor velocity and thereby detect the motor velocity.