Abstract: SiO2—TiO2 glasses having a low coefficient of thermal expansion are produced by a molding being produced that consists of SiO2 powder, SiO2—TiO2 powder or TiO2 powder and that contains by way of secondary component a titanium-containing component which is converted into amorphous TiO2.

Abstract: In the method of making glass a glass melt is formed from starting materials in a melt apparatus, which includes at least one metal part having a metal surface in contact with the glass melt in a first region of the glass melt having a predetermined oxygen partial pressure. This method includes suppressing oxygen bubble formation in the glass melt at a contacting surface between the metal surface and the glass melt; immersing an electrode in a second region of the glass melt not including the first region, which has a lower oxygen partial pressure than in the first region, and electrically conductively connecting the electrode and the at least one metal part. An apparatus for performing the method is also described as well as glasses made by the method.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a fluorescent lamp that can achieve stable luminous characteristics and discharge characteristics and also does not suffer from cracks in the interconnected portion of the glass tubes while handling or lighting the fluorescent lamp is provided. Interconnecting portions located in the vicinity of open end portions of glass tubes that are positioned adjacent to each other are heated respectively from inside to form a welding portion, and then, the glass tubes are thrust against each other and thinned by conducting a preliminary tapping of the welding portion from inside using hammers. Next, the welding portion is opened by conducting a main tapping to form an interconnected portion, and end portions in the vicinity of the interconnected portion are closed by heating and melting, and then the end portions are molded.

Abstract: Optical fiber is provided with a periodically reversing spin while the fiber is pulled through a melt zone. A cooled region of the fiber downstream from the melt zone passes between a pair of opposed elements. The opposed elements are moved so that surface regions engaging the fiber move in opposite lateral directions relative to one another, thus spinning the fiber about its axis. The lateral movement of the engaged surface portions is periodically reversed to reverse the spin direction. The opposed elements may include belts or rollers, which can be tilted to orientations oblique to the longitudinal direction of the fiber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for making a woven or knitted fabric with an excellent water transition ability, involving the steps of fabricating a woven or knitted fabric having a double weave structure by use of a polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) filament for one surface of said fabric and a divided PET/nylon-conjugated fiber for the other surface of said fabric, and subjecting said fabric to a weight loss finishing process. Since the fabric has a void size difference between the surfaces thereof in accordance with the weight loss finishing process, it can externally discharge, at a high velocity, moisture absorbed therein.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a knitted foot coverlet or protective stocking, having in an integral shape, a pocket (10) that is overlapped by an elastic border (11) intended to cover the heel of a foot, a tiptoe portion (15) to cover the tiptoe of the foot, middle zones (12, 13) to cover parts of the foot between the heel and the tiptoe. These include a middle section (12) of constant width, continuing to the pocket (10) of the heel and intended to cover the foot at the hollow as well as a knitted tubular portion (13) between the middle section and tiptoe, intended to cover a remaining part of the plantar aspect and at least a part of the dorsal aspect of the foot. The present invention also pertains to a method for manufacturing the article on a circular stocking knitting machine.

Abstract: A quick release connection mechanism for pressure connecting a bicycle wheel to the front fork of a bicycle frame includes an axial bolt that can extend through the hub of the wheel and the two prongs of the front fork, a pretension nut connected to a first end of the axial bolt, an operating lever connected to a second end of the axial bolt, a lock bracket positioned around the axial bolt for pressing the prongs against the wheel hub and including a slot aligned with an opening in the lock bracket, and a key lock for locking the operating lever relative to the lock bracket and preventing the operating lever from being activated.

Abstract: An assembly and method for installing a cylinder lock. The assembly includes a mounting member having a defined opening therein, and an adapter having an internal bore adapted to receive the cylinder lock therein. The adapter has a plurality of outwardly extending projections and the mounting member has latch members adapted to inter-engage the projections. For installation, the adapter is oriented in a first position and inserted into the opening of the mounting member, and then is rotated to engage the prongs and latch members.

Abstract: A roller cage (4) is provided for the guidance of a minimum of one work roller (2) of a tool for deep rolling of radii or grooves on crankshaft journals or crank pins, where the roller cage (4) is supported at the end (8) of the long leg (9) of an L-shaped tool holder, and is loosely guided in the longitudinal direction of the long leg (9) in a tab engaging in a longitudinal groove on the underside (13) of the roller cage (4) from the end (8) of the long leg (9). The longitudinal groove of the roller cage (4)has a considerably greater width than the width of the tab.

Abstract: A modular system for seaming and a headstock to perform it, that has a structure, a table (2) and a cradle (1) on which the parts to be machined are supported. It includes a slide that moves in a linear manner (6) and that includes the tools, which are mounted on a tool holder that turns on a shaft on the body of the moving slide, and towards the parts to be seamed. It permits the seaming of both internal and external contours.

Abstract: An acceleration pulse modulation method for HYGE-type crash simulation sleds uses servo-controlled accelerators on moveable parts of the crash simulator components and acceleration measurement instrumentation for comparison of measure acceleration of the sled with a desired acceleration to enable dynamic adjustment of the total accelerating force applied to the sled via servo-controlled accelerators, based upon measured acceleration error in order to eliminate acceleration error.

Abstract: In an arrangement for producing a directional and cooled gas jet in an ion source with a gas inlet or a UV/fluorescence detection cell including a gas inlet, wherein a capillary extends with one end into the interior of the ion source which is evacuated, the one end is provided with a nozzle for discharging a gas sample into the ion source while being subjected to adiabatic cooling and the width of the nozzle opening is at most 40% of the inner diameter of the capillary and the capillary is heatable for preventing condensation of gas sample components in the nozzle.

Abstract: A vehicle gas emission analyzer assembly for a vehicle having a passenger compartment includes a gas analyzer system adapted to determine concentration and/or mass flow of at least one exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The analyzer may include a particular housing for the gas analyzer system. The gas analyzer system may include a hydrocarbon gas analyzer that is operated at a temperature that is sufficiently high to reduce deposits of hydrocarbon molecules present in the sample gas. The gas analyzer may include an ultraviolet source including a discharge lamp having a discrete emission line at an absorption frequency for a particular nitrogen-based gas.

Abstract: An apparatus for balancing vehicle wheels, comprising a machine frame 10, a main shaft 12 which is mounted rotatably in the machine frame 10 and on which a vehicle wheel to be balanced can be clamped, and a guard hood 20 which at least partially engages over the vehicle wheel to be balanced and which has a stationary guard hood element 22 and a movable guard hood element 24 which is movable reversibly from an operative position into an inoperative position, wherein an operating and display unit 40 is arranged in the region of the end 22a of the stationary guard hood element 22, which faces into the operative position of the movable guard hood element 24.

Abstract: The multi-friction sleeve penetrometer attachment provides the unique ability to obtain a plurality of sleeve friction measurements at each measurement depth within a single sounding. The attachment may also be used in conjunction with a conventional CPT to enhance the qc, u2, and ƒs, data obtained in conventional CPT soundings with measurements of sleeve friction for different sleeve surface roughnesses. Innovative characteristics of the system include the arrangement of a plurality of individual sleeve load cell sensors in series, the ability to obtain multiple simultaneous measurements for the plurality of friction sleeves at each measurement increment, and the ability to rapidly exchange friction sleeves between consecutive soundings.

Abstract: The invention provides a stroke discriminator of an internal combustion engine which can quickly identify the stroke of the internal combustion engine. A rotor operatively associated with a crankshaft of a single cylinder internal combustion engine is provided on the outer periphery thereof with a plurality of detected elements. The rotor is provided, on the outer periphery thereof, with a detected element formed-region having a plurality of detected elements formed thereon at equal angle intervals in the rotational direction and a non-formed region having no detected elements formed thereon. The non-formed region has an angle interval greater than the equal angle interval, and provided on the rotor to pass near detector means when the piston of the internal combustion engine travels from the top dead center to the bottom dead center.

Abstract: An on-board evaporative emission leak detection system and method that detects leakage from an evaporative emission space of a fuel system of an automotive vehicle. A test includes an initialization, or stabilization, phase during which a differential between pressure in the evaporative emission space and atmospheric pressure is created, and then varied, over time, within a range of differential pressures suitable for performing a leak detection test. This varying of pressure differential alternately increases the created pressure differential above a nominal pressure differential and decreases the created pressure differential below the nominal pressure differential. The leak detection test is then performed.

Abstract: A uniformly preset spring force pre-load among a number of identical solenoid actuated valve assemblies (28) by uniquely adjusting the spring pocket length (L) of each respective plunger (12) to accommodate a respective spring (20) which is uniquely mated thereto. This adjustment is accomplished using a two-component plunger (12) consisting of a plunger body (14) having a central bore (22) and a rod (18) sidably located within the central bore. The rod (18) is press-fit into the central bore (22), and the spring pocket includes a portion of the central bore unoccupied by the rod. By pressing the rod (18) a selected distance into the central bore (22), a precisely set spring pocket is obtained which is uniquely correct for a selected spring (20), in that the selected spring is compressed to a precisely preset spring force pre-load.

Abstract: A filling level measuring device with a transmitting and receiving device (1) and a waveguide (6, 7), one end of which (6a, 7a) is coupled to the transmitting and receiving device (1) and the other end of which (6b, 7b) is immersed in a filling material (11), to which waveguide (6, 7) electromagnetic waves from the transmitting and receiving device (1) can be conducted, while electromagnetic waves reflected in the waveguide (6, 7) can be used in the transmitting and receiving device (1) for measuring the filling level, and the other end (6b, 7b, 28b) exhibits a wave absorption device (26, 27, 29, 17, 18, 22) for at least partial absorption of the conducted electromagnetic waves.

Abstract: A fixture for locking motorcycle wheels onto balancing machines, comprising a spindle to be removably fixed onto the direct extension of the balancing shaft to receive the hub of the wheel to be balanced, means for fixing the hub onto the spindle, and means for rotating said wheel about the axis of said shaft; said means comprise two independent operating devices, of which one, known as the locking device, is provided to axially secure said hub onto said spindle, and the second, known as the dragging device, comprises a dragging part arranged to slide parallel to the balancing shaft between a rest position in which it is spaced from the wheel locked on the spindle, and a working position in which it is in contact with and torsionally engages a wheel portion external to the hub.

Abstract: An electrostatic capacitance type acceleration sensor, an electrostatic capacitance type angular acceleration sensor and an electrostatic actuator are provided each having a low probability of damage to electrodes even when acceleration is applied excessively. A movable electrode is provided instead of a fixed electrode conventionally used in the background art to include two movable electrodes. The rigidities of beams (3) and (6) of a first movable electrode (4) and a second movable electrode (7) are controlled so that the amounts of movement of the first movable electrode (4) and the second movable electrode (7) are different from each other during application of acceleration. Acceleration is detected by the change in capacitance between the first movable electrode (4) and the second movable electrode (7), to thereby realize an electrostatic capacitance type acceleration sensor having a low probability of damage to the electrodes even when acceleration is applied excessively.

Abstract: A method for rotating a combdriven device about an axis uses applied bias force along with applied voltage between first and second comb fingers to controllably rotate the device about one or two axis. One mode of the present invention includes measuring the position of a rotating element and providing feedback to control the angular position thereof by changing bias force and/or drive voltage. The present invention can be employed with prior-art staggered combdrives, single layer self-aligned combdriven devices, and in a broad range of applications in optical telecommunication switching, video, biomedical, inertial sensors, and in storage magnetic disk drives.

Abstract: A semiconductor mechanical sensor having a new structure in which a S/N ratio is improved. In the central portion of a silicon substrate 1, a recess portion 2 is formed which includes a beam structure. A weight is formed at the tip of the beam, and in the bottom surface of the weight in the bottom surface of the recess portion 2 facing the same, an electrode 5 is formed. An alternating current electric power is applied between the weight portion 4 and the electrode 5 so that static electricity is created and the weight is excited by the static electricity. In an axial direction which is perpendicular to the direction of the excitation of the weight, an electrode 6 is disposed to face one surface of the weight and a wall surface of the substrate which faces the same. A change in a capacitance between the facing electrodes is electrically detected, and therefore, a change in a physical force acting in the same direction is detected.

Abstract: An improved photoacoustic vessel and method of photoacoustic analysis. The photoacoustic sample vessel comprises an acoustic detector, an acoustic couplant, and an acoustic coupler having a chamber for holding the acoustic couplant and a sample. The acoustic couplant is selected from the group consisting of liquid, solid, and combinations thereof. Passing electromagnetic energy through the sample generates an acoustic signal within the sample, whereby the acoustic signal propagates through the sample to and through the acoustic couplant to the acoustic detector.

Abstract: The supporting apparatus is disposed between a fixed portion and a moving portion facing the fixed portion at a predetermined distance, and supports the moving portion which vibrates while maintaining parallelism to the fixed portion. The moving portion and the fixed portion are respectively provided with receiving members 2F, 2M facing each other. The receiving members 2F, 2M sandwich, under pressure, a rocking member 4 which limits a movement of the moving portion in crosswise directions Y vertical to vibrating directions R of the moving portion while rocking about its axis accompanying the vibration of the moving portion in the vibrating directions (R).

Abstract: A pressure cell contains a base body (1), a membrane (2) that is arranged on the base body (1) and can be deformed by a pressure to be measured, as well as a first and a second temperature sensor. The second temperature sensor is spaced apart from the first temperature sensor in the direction of a temperature gradient. Temperature shocks of the measuring cell can be determined and compensated by monitoring the difference between the temperatures measured by the sensors or changes in the temperatures measured by a sensor.

Abstract: A pressure measurement cell is provided whose measurement accuracy is stable over a long time, having a first and a second base body (1, 3), and arranged between the first and the second base body (1, 3), at a distance from them, a measurement membrane (5) which has a low-pressure side on which it is connected to the first base body (1), at a first outer edge, to form a first chamber (7), and which has a high-pressure side on which it is connected to the second base body (3), at a second outer edge, to form a second chamber (9), the first edge being wider than the second edge.

Abstract: A manometer for measuring fluid pressure having a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor that is inverted with respect to the first pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor generates a first electrical output signal corresponding to a fluid pressure measured by a first diaphragm of the first pressure sensor. The second pressure sensor generates a second electrical output signal corresponding to a fluid pressure measured by a second diaphragm of the second pressure sensor. The first and second electrical output signals are combined into a combined electrical output signal. False readings of a change in pressure measured by the first pressure sensor and measured by the second pressure sensor in each of the first and second electrical output signals, due to movement of the manometer, are cancelled by one another in the combined electrical output signal to provide an accurate pressure measurement regardless of movement of the manometer.

Abstract: The present invention includes an elastic hollow body 2 in which a fluid is filled tightly, a pressure sensor 4 for detecting the pressure of the fluid in the elastic hollow body, and an adapter 6 for coupling the elastic hollow body to an external movable member. The elastic hollow body 2, having a hollow sphere portion 2a having a roughly constant wall thickness, is deformed when an external contact load is applied thereon, to cause a rise in its inner pressure, which is in turn detected by the pressure sensor 4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a load sensor comprises an annular gauge ring comprising an annular inner ring portion and an annular outer ring portion. The gauge ring has strainable beam members and flexing beam members. The beam members interconnect the ring portions. The flexing beam members are thicker in comparison to the strainable beam members so that the flexible beam members are less subject to elongation and compression due to strain in comparison to the strainable beam members such that the flexing beam members substantially limit the relative movement between the ring portions to the load measuring direction when a load with a force component in the load measuring direction is applied to one of the ring portions by (1) resisting elongation and compression to substantially prevent relative movement between the ring portions in a transverse direction and (2) flexing to allow limited relative movement between the ring portions in the load measuring direction.

Abstract: A driven gear G3b for a forward second gear G3 which is obtained by a hydraulic clutch C3 on a second input shaft 5 is disposed contiguous with a driven gear G4b for a first gear G4. A spacer collar 9 is provided on an output shaft 6 so as to be positioned between a selector hub 8a and the driven gear G3b for the second gear G3, and the driven gear G4b for the first gear G4 is rotatably supported on the spacer collar 9.

Abstract: A motor vehicle has a transmission with an automatic operating mode in which the transmission ratio is changed automatically by a control device and a manual operating mode in which the transmission ratio is changed by the driver by means of a ratio-selector device. The control device automatically switches from the manual to the automatic mode, e.g., when the driver makes or answers a call on a mobile telephone.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission comprising: an A input member that includes an input shaft and a toothed transmission section, a B output member that includes an output shaft and a toothed transmission section, a plurality of first toothed transmission sections, a moving device loaded with a rotary member plus a moving member and a baffle, and a box for axially supporting and housing each member and device; and the toothed transmission gears oppose each other, the toothed transmission gears and the first toothed transmission section each axially supported at the box are interlocked by gears, and the rotary member is rotatably loaded in contact with the moving device; a space is provided between the toothed transmission gears for inserting the rotary member and a lubricant oil therein to be in contact therewith, the moving device reciprocatingly moves in the space to interlock the toothed transmission gears and the first toothed transmission section by contact via the rotary member, thereby making it poss

Abstract: An automotive steering rack-stroke adjusting device with which a driver can conveniently control the dimension of steering rack-stroke as needed for changing a minimum rotation radius to thereby provide convenience for the driver, the device including: a rotational body rotatively arranged at both ends of a power cylinder forming a steering system; a stop plate fixed at a rack for inserting or overlapping to the center of the rotational body according to the rotational state of the rotational body when a rack is pulled to the power cylinder to the maximum extent; and an actuator for rotating the rotational body forwards or backwards under the control of a control unit which is manipulated by a driver with an operational switch.

Abstract: There is provided a return pipe type ball screw capable of accurately positioning and fixing return pipes on and to a nut member even when a troublesome positioning operation is not carried out, and circulating balls endlessly and smoothly for a long period of time without the possibility that dust enters the interior of the nut member. In such a ball screw, ball passing holes formed so as to extend through the nut member are inclined at an angle equal to a lead angle of a ball rolling groove of a screw shaft, and each of the return pipes is formed by combining together a pair of return pieces adapted to be fitted in the ball passing holes.

Abstract: A hollow rack shaft is produced by forming a plate work piece and has continuous metal flow along the contour of rack teeth surface without being cut. A series of wave-like concave-convex sections is formed on the inner surface of the shaft. Thickness of tooth body and tooth bottom of the rack teeth is adjusted by dimensions of the unevenness. Thereby, stress concentration at each point of the rack shaft is prevented and the shaft is strengthend and lightweightized.

Abstract: A shift switch control device for selection lever units of automatic transmissions is disclosed. The shift switch control device has a selection lever for selecting a desired range within a transmission pattern during the automatic transmission mode and performing an up- or down-shifting operation during the manual transmission mode. A rotary plate is provided at the selection lever, and has up- and down-shift switches at its top end, with a projection provided at the central portion of the rotary plate. A manipulation lever is installed at the top of the selection lever at a position between the up- and down-shift switches, and turns on or off the up- or down-shift switch. A projection guide plate, having an inclined surface at one end thereof, is provided on the selection lever. The control device also has a rotary plate return means for giving an elastic returning force to the rotary plate.

Abstract: A shift switch control device for selection lever units of automatic transmissions is disclosed. The shift switch control device has a selection lever for selecting a desired range within a transmission pattern during the automatic transmission mode and performing an up- or down-shifting operation during the manual transmission mode. A rotary lever, having a key hole, is positioned in the gap between the up- and down-shift switches, while a locking key is inserted into the key slot so as to lock the rotary lever to the selection lever at the M-stage of the manual transmission mode. A key actuation rod is set within the casing of the selection lever such that it rotates the locking key to the outside or inside of the casing of the selection lever.

Abstract: A clamp is fixed to a robust portion of a vehicle body. The clamp is formed with spaced first side walls which define therebetween a recess for passing therethrough a jacket tube of a steering column. A distance bracket is formed with spaced second side walls which support thereon the jacket tube. The distance bracket is slidably movably disposed between the first side walls of the clamp in such a manner that outer surfaces of the second side walls are in contact with inner surfaces of the first side walls. Opening are formed in lower portions of the first and second side walls. A fastening bolt passes through the openings and has a threaded leading end projected outside of one of the first side walls. The fastening bolt is suppressed from rotation about its axis relative to the first side walls. A nut is operatively engaged with the threaded leading end of the fastening bolt. The nut forces the first side walls to incline toward each other when turned about the threaded leading end in a fastening direction.

Abstract: A throttle assembly for a tracked vehicle comprises a tube rotatably mounted on a steering member of the vehicle. A throttle housing is mounted on the tube. A throttle lever has a proximal end and a distal end and is pivotally mounted on the throttle housing. The throttle lever is pivotable about the distal end of the throttle lever on the throttle housing. A biasing element provides a biasing force to the tube. The biasing element is connected to the steering member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a steering wheel comprising a hub, a steering wheel rim and at least one spoke connecting the hub and the steering wheel rim. At least one of the steering wheel rim and the spoke has a skeleton and a sheathing surrounding the skeleton. The steering wheel further comprises at least one decorative element and at least one clamp element at which the decorative element is latched. The clamp element at least partly encompasses the sheathing.

Abstract: A bicycle front chainwheel assembly is provided that includes a protective cover. The front chainwheel assembly basically includes a crank arm, one or more chainrings and the protective cover. The crank arm includes a hub portion, a crank portion and four fastening finger portions. The free ends of the fastening finger portions are provided with chainring attachment points for attaching the cover thereto. The cover is attached to the fastening finger portions by fasteners that have a shaft extending substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the front chainwheel assembly.

Abstract: A wave gear drive unit 1 has a unit case 2, a wave reduction gear mechanism 3 disposed inside the unit case 2, an input shaft 4 and an output shaft 5. The output shaft 5 is integrally formed on a boss 323 of a cup-shaped flexible external gear 32 of the mechanism 3 and extends through a second end plate 5 to project outside. The boss 323 is screwed into the second end plate 22. A cross roller bearing 6 is constituted by the outer circumferential surface of the boss 323 and the inner circumferential surface of the unit case, by measn of which the second end plate 22 is rotatably supported on the unit case 2. The wave gear drive unit 1 has a simple structure with a small number of assembled parts, and can be assembled easily.

Abstract: Two fluid-operated supplementary speed change mechanisms (9, 10), one of which is formed into a direction-reversing mechanism and the other of which is formed into a high/low speed-selecting mechanism, are provided in a front housing 1 at locations before and behind a bearing support wall (4) which divides the inside of the front housing into front and rear chambers. Two transmission shafts (8, 12), on which fluid-operated clutches (38F, 38R, 45, 46) of the supplementary speed change mechanisms are mounted, are disposed non-coaxially and are supported by the bearing support wall, and rotary joints (54F, 54R, 54L, 55H, 55L) for connecting fluid passages (51F, 51R, 51L, 52H, 52L) in the transmission shafts, which passages are in fluid communication with the fluid-operated clutches, to stationary fluid passages are formed in outer circumferences of the transmission shafts within an inside of the single bearing support wall.

Abstract: A ball for a ball-point pen is provided comprising cemented carbide of WC—Cr3C2—Co where VC is contained as a solid solution in the Cr3C2—CO phase which is a binder of WC particles and wherein the mean diameter of the WC particles is in the range of from about 0.3 to about 0.5 &mgr;m. In one embodiment of the invention, a portion of the Cr3C2—VC—CO phase exposed on the surface of the ball comprises a plurality of concave recesses.

Abstract: A copper-based sliding material produced by sintering, comprising at least two phases of copper and/or copper alloys which phases have hardness levels different form each other, and hard particles with an average particle size of 0.1 to 10 &mgr;m which are dispersed in at least one phase with the exception of a softest phase in an amount of 0.1 to 10 vol.% of the whole copper-based sliding material, said sliding material satisfying (H2/H1)≧1.2 in which H1 is the Vickers hardness of the softest phase and in which H2 is the Vickers hardness of a phase hardest in hardness including said hard particles.

Abstract: A thermoelectric material having large thermoelectric figure of merit is provided.

Abstract: A new saw blade and a method of manufacturing such a saw blade are disclosed. The saw blade is made from a hardenable steel sheet in one piece and comprises a plain cutting blade from which a cranked mounting part, having a central mounting opening, protrudes. To manufacture such saw blades, blanks are cut out from a hardenable steel sheet and subsequently deep-drawn to provide the cranked mounting part. The mounting openings may be produced by stamping, thereafter. A plurality of such blanks is stacked over each other and clamped in a fixture, subsequently annealed for recrystallization and austenization and quenched thereafter, to harden the blanks. Finally, saw teeth are provided along the outer edges of the cutting blades.

Abstract: A wrench includes a handle and a head extended from the handle. The handle comprises a transverse receptacle communicated with a hole in the head and a cavity that communicates with the transverse receptacle. Two pawls are mounted in the transverse receptacle and each include a first side for releasably engaging with a drive member in the hole of the head and a second side abutting against an inner longitudinal wall of the transverse receptacle. A switch member is rotatably mounted in the cavity of the handle and comprises an actuating portion for selectively moving one of the pawls to a position not engaging with the drive member. The switch member further comprises two support portions for selectively supporting a portion of the other pawl that disengages from the inner longitudinal wall of the transverse receptacle, thereby supporting the other pawl that engages with the drive member.

Abstract: The present invention provides a plug wrench in which a distal end of a plug fixing member disposed within the plug wrench is not caught at the time of attaching/detaching a spark plug, thus enabling to prevent damage and breakage. A groove is formed in a plug fitting recessed portion so that the distal end of the plug fitting member is fitted and concealed in the groove.