Abstract: A system and method in which a cell phone includes a mobile phone interface, a local interface and a memory card. Use data which indicate the planned use of a means of transportation by the user of the cell phone is transmitted via the local interface. In addition, an electronic payment method is executed using the cell phone.

Abstract: A free space data transfer system utilizing fibreless optical point to point and omni-directional transmission and reception arrays, and including data processors and organic elements capable of interactive multi-way video and modulated data transfer.

Abstract: A low-power radio frequency (RF) transmitter includes circuitry for finding unused transmission frequencies on a frequency band, such as an FM broadcast band, and to use an available frequency to broadcast a low-power audio signal to a sound reproduction device. In one embodiment, the sound reproduction device forms part of an entertainment system such as a vehicular stereo, home stereo, boom box, or RF headset. In one embodiment, the transmitter is operatively part of a sound generation device capable of generating and/or reproducing music or sound, such as an MP3 player or other portable entertainment device, personal digital assistant, electronic musical instrument, electronic toy, wireless microphone, or the like. The sound generation device can use an RF receiver or a geoposition source to identify an available transmission frequency. Also described are a sound generation system, a computer-readable medium, and various methods, including methods for finding and using available transmission frequencies.

Abstract: Potentially interfering user equipments with respect to a particular UE are identified in a time division duplex communication system using code division multiple access. Timeslots used for uplink transmissions by a plurality of nearby UEs are identified. Each nearby UE is not in a cell of the particular UE and is geographically close to the particular UE. At the particular UE, an interference level is measured in each of the identified timeslots. The identified timeslots are classified using the measured interference level. Non-interfering and interfering UEs are determined using the identified timeslots for each UE and the timeslot classification.

Abstract: Processing of loop-back information returned by one or more mobile stations that are served by a wireless communication network permits the network to compensate its transmit signals for increased transmission efficiency and reduced signal interference at the mobile stations. Generally, the network forms one or more transmit signals as a combination of different signals intended for the different mobile stations, and remembers transmit information associated with these transmit signals. The mobile stations return loop-back signals to the network, which determines transmit signal compensation information by comparing loop-back information to memorized information. The mobile stations may loop-back samples from composite received signals, from processed received signal samples, or loop-back estimates.

Abstract: A portable entertainment system for use with a vehicle, such as a bicycle or motorcycle, and a helmet. The system may include a vehicle subsystem and a helmet subsystem. The vehicle subsystem includes a mounting device having at least one port, the mounting device adapted to connect to the bicycle, and a portable computing device positionable in the at least one port, the portable computing device having one or more digitized audio files thereon. A wireless transmitter is coupled with the portable computing device, the wireless transmitter transmitting a digitized audio signal when the portable computing device is playing a digitized audio file.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus of transmitting a burst signal when the burst signal is transmitted from a transmitting station to a receiving station at a transmission power value and/or a transmission rate determined in accordance with a state of a radio channel between the transmitting and receiving station in a mobile communication system, based on a comparison result between a criterion predetermined according to a state of the radio channel and/or a transmission waiting state of the signal, whether or not the burst signal is to be transmitted is determined, and, when it is determined that the burst signal is to be transmitted, the burst signal is transmitted from the transmitting station to the receiving station.

Abstract: An interchangeable cover for a mobile communications device is provided. The interchangeable cover includes a a resilient three-sided semi-rigid shell having a substantially U-shaped profile adapted to wrap around a substantial portion of a front, back and side of the mobile communications device upon assembly over the device, without requiring any fasteners. In one embodiment, the cover is configured to fit a mobile communications device having a trapezoidal profile, whereby front and back face portions clasp around the front and back of the phone. In accordance with various embodiments, the cover may include holes and slots through which phone buttons pass, dumb buttons, or built-in buttons that enable users to provide inputs to the phone. The three-sided shell provides additional surface area when compared to conventional single-sided faceplates. Accordingly, the cover appears as a more integral part of the phone. Furthermore, the extra surface area may be used for advertisement purposes.

Abstract: A (DS3) network interface unit (NIU) by-pass architecture places the NIU on its own circuit card and exclusive of by-pass switching (and relay) components, which are installed in the equipment shelf, proper, so that physical removal of the NIU card will leave the by-pass circuitry intact. The by-pass circuit responds to an abnormality of the NIU card, such as malfunction or physical removal of the NIU from its card slot, and also to a power supply failure. It also contains an indicator to draw attention to a failed NIU, increasing the likelihood that someone will notice a damaged card.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multi-functional actuator comprising: a housing having an internal space and a groove in the inner side; a sound-generating diaphragm with an outer end fixed to the upper end of said housing; a voice coil fixed to the bottom of said diaphragm; a vertically magnetized magnet; an upper plate attached to said magnet for forming a magnet circuit; a yoke for forming the magnetic circuit together with said magnet; a weight for defining a vibration body together with said yoke; a leaf spring fixed into said grooves of the housing and having a portion of curvature; and a vibrating coil installed in said housing for generating vibration using a magnetic flux formed in a magnetic system. A structure that can prevent deformation of the leaf spring before/after dropping to a mobile communication terminal such as mobile telephone and pager is provided thereby to prevent reliability degradation of the actuator in use for the mobile communication terminal and enhance vibration features thereof.

Abstract: In one side of an upper casing of a portable communications terminal, a close-range-photography camera module, suitable for close-range photography, is provided. An open lens window is provided so that a lens portion of the close-range-photography camera module is exposed. In the opposite side of the upper casing, a long-range camera module having a greater magnifying power than the close-range-photography camera module is provided. An open lens window is provided so that a lens portion of the long-range camera module is exposed. Further, there is provided a flash unit for strong illumination when necessary.

Abstract: This functional and innovative product is a networking telephone unit with IP dialing function, consisting of body, keypad, and remote-controlled multiplex execution unit. On the panel of the body, there are a telephone set; a display screen, and an input stylus. The body is wired with the keypad. The remote-controlled multiplex execution unit is independent. There are integrated circuits inside the body, including a power unit and CPU that enable phone calls, online browsing, and e-mail function through connection with an infrared transceiver, memory, display screen, touch screen, voice input/output module, series-parallel ports, voice coder, keypad, USB port, Ethernet port, modem, and telephone module. Featuring streamlined structure, which is user-friendly, stylish, functional, and cost efficient, this product is designed to make IP phone calls, browse Internet, and process e-mail, as well as to be used as a fixed telephone; thus, it is ideal for family use.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electronic device having a housing (1) which has a housing wall (5) with openings (7) for control elements (8) and/or display elements (9, 10). Attachment means (11) for detachably connecting to the housing (1) an external wall element (14) which at least partially covers the housing wall (5) being present on the housing (1), the external wall element (14) having openings (7′) which are aligned with the openings (7) in the housing wall (5). As a result, by using different external wall elements (14) the external appearance of the electronic device can be easily modified.

Abstract: A remote locomotive control system includes a slave controller configured to receive data strings from remote transmitters. The slave controller is responsive to an acquire signal received from one of the remote transmitters for configuring the slave controller to control one or more control functions of the locomotive as a function of one or more data strings received exclusively from the one remote transmitter. However, the slave controller is configured so that any remote transmitter can control safety functions of the locomotive via the slave controller.

Abstract: A radio communications system is disclosed having an intrinsic pavement transmitter and antenna. A first transmitter/receiver is located at a first point along the intrinsic pavement transmitter and antenna, and is in communication with a user. A second transmitter/receiver is located at a second point along the intrinsic pavement transmitter and antenna, and is in communication with an end-user. The intrinsic pavement transmitter and antenna conducts radio frequency signals between the first and second transmitter/receiver. An intrinsic pavement transmitter and antenna is also disclosed. The intrinsic pavement transmitter and antenna comprises a roadway having a suitable wearing course material and an effective amount of radio frequency conductive material, sufficient to transmit and receive radio frequencies.

Abstract: A method of using a bipolar junction transistor as a local oscillator in a satellite down converter to eliminate second and third harmonic interference between two local oscillators mainly includes serial connection of a mixer between a low-noise amplifier and an intermediate frequency amplifier in the satellite down converter, and serial connection of a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) to the mixer, so that the satellite down converter may have reduced phase noise and reduced power consumption, and that second and third harmonic interference at the same frequency range is eliminated.

Abstract: A method of effectuating frequency switching by using two self-oscillating frequency reducers having a common input includes the use of a three-way coupler to connect two field effect transistors (or two bipolar junction field effect transistors) and two dielectric resonator oscillators between a low-noise amplifier and an intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier, so as to effectuate switching between different frequency ranges. Thus, a simplified switch circuit for switching frequencies is possible to enable reduced manufacturing cost and reduced volume of device.

Abstract: In a method of using a bipolar junction transistor as a self-oscillating down converter of a satellite down converter, a bipolar junction transistor substitutes for a mixer and a local oscillator in a signal processing circuit to achieve the same effect while the circuit is simplified. Therefore, the circuit is less complicate and may have reduced circuit area, enabling the satellite down converter to be manufactured at lower cost and in reduced dimensions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a frequency mixer utilized in a transceiver of radio frequency band. The frequency mixer for a radio frequency transceiver, includes two NMOS transistors, which are commonly connected, for generating a mixed signal combined with even harmonics, wherein a first end of the NMOS transistors is input a radio frequency signal, a second end of the NMOS transistors outputs the mixed signal, and gates of the NMOS transistors receive differential signals of local oscillator. The frequency mixer needs only half local oscillation frequency and a fundamental frequency of local oscillator is not presented. Therefore, the present invention can prevent generation of DC Voltage offset and also reduce frequency of local oscillator by half when it is utilized in a heterodyne transceiver.

Abstract: A wireless local area network is provided that uses impulse radio technology to improve communications between a mobile node and access point. In one embodiment of the present invention, a wireless network, a mobile node and a method are provided that use the communication capabilities of impulse radio technology to overcome the problematical “dead zones” and “multipath interference” associated with a traditional wireless LAN. In another embodiment of the present invention, a wireless network, a mobile node and a method are provided that have an improved roaming scheme due to the use of the positioning and tracking capabilities of impulse radio technology. These embodiments and several other embodiments of the present invention are described herein.

Abstract: A system for establishing a public wireless local area network comprises a public switched telephone network, a digital subscriber line access multiplexer, and at least one public telephone. The digital subscriber line access multiplexer and the at least one public telephone communicate with the public switched telephone network. A wireless local area network hub communicates with the public telephone and with the digital subscriber line access multiplexer, and is adapted to extend a digital subscriber line connection to at least one wireless communication device.

Abstract: A system and method for receiving and sending information content in audio form to a wireless communication device on demand. The system can be customized by a wireless communication device user to obtain the desired information content in audio form. The customization of the system reduces the amount of time necessary to obtain the desired information and thus the length of time of the communication is reduced.

Abstract: A start value is x bits in size and is used to provide an initial value to an n-bit security count value. A wireless communications device establishes channels with a compatible device, and releases channels established with the compatible device. For every channel established by the wireless communications device, a corresponding terminal value is obtained. A terminal value for a channel is the highest value reached by the x most significant bits (MSB ) of an n-bit security count value associated with the channel. The security count value is used to encipher data transmitted along the channel. A final value that is obtained that is the greatest value of all the terminal values. Finally, a start value is stored in the memory of the wireless device that is at least as large as the final value.

Abstract: A first, transmitting, device transmits a digitized data message using a short range radio link followed by digital data representing a digitized acoustic signal, such as a tone. Simultaneously, or with a predetermined time delay, the transmitting device emits an acoustic version of the same signal using an acoustic transducer such as a loudspeaker. A second, receiving, device receives the data message and the digitized acoustic signal via the short range radio link and receives the acoustic version of the signal via a microphone, which converts the acoustic signal to a second digitized version of the acoustic signal. Digital signal processing circuits then correlate the second digitized signal received acoustically with the digitized acoustic signal received over the short range radio link to determine a time difference of arrival.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mobile radio network which provides location-based services to mobile subscribers. To simplify the use of location-based services within the mobile radio network, the network elements of the mobile radio network cause at least one of the base stations to transmit an indicator signal which indicates to the mobile subscriber that at least one location-based service is available. The mobile terminal disclosed receives the indicator signal and causes its display controller and the display connected thereto to generate a new symbol on the display which indicates to the mobile subscriber the availability of the location-based service.

Abstract: A method of controlling data transfer to a remote user comprises defining a set of user preferences, scanning a data source for data satisfying the defined user preferences and setting a trigger comprising a specified change in data matching a pre-defined query. The method monitors for occurrence of the trigger and sends a message to a mailbox of the user, automatically transferring data from the data source to the remote user, only if the trigger is satisfied. The method is particularly applicable for mobile phone users wishing to obtain data from the internet via a local PC.

Abstract: A transmitting/receiving part 240 connected to a controller 200 for compositely controlling a master communication unit 101 as a whole, receives transmitted signals from a number of slave communication units, and also transmits signals to the slave communication units. Received data obtained in the transmitting/receiving part 240 is dealed with as communication signal, which is provisionally stored in a signal buffer 250 and subjected to suitable signal processing in the signal processing part 220 to be coupled as received data to the controller 200. As data from the controller 200 is subjected to adequate signal processing in the signal processing part 220, data transmitted from the transmitting/receiving part 240 is made to be communication signal 230, which is converted for transmission in the transmitting/receiving unit 240 and transmitted via an antenna 260 to a number of slave communication units.

Abstract: A method of concealing bit errors in a signal is provided. The method comprises encoding a signal parameter according to a set of constraints placed on a signal parameter quantizer. The encoded signal parameter is decoded and compared against the set of constraints. Finally, the method includes declaring the decoded signal parameter invalid when the set of constraints is violated.

Abstract: A method for storing subscriber service profiles is defined. The method has a step for defining a first table in a home centralized database, where the first table contains identification parameters and each identification parameter is associated to at least one service. The method also has a step for defining a second table in the home centralized database. The second table contains the service profiles and some of the service profiles contain at least one of the identification parameters. A home centralized database and a serving visitor database are also provided.

Abstract: A method and system for a handoff in a broadcast communication system is disclosed. A subscriber assisted handoff is impractical in a broadcast communication system due to e.g., a high signaling load, a difficulty to synchronize the broadcast transmission. On the other hand, the small number of broadcast channels enables the subscriber station to perform the handoff autonomously. To streamline the autonomous handoff decision process, several distinct sets of pilot identifiers and rules for transitioning among the sets are defined. To fully integrate broadcast services with the services provided by the cellular telephone systems in a subscriber environment, a methods for various handoff scenarios are analyzed.

Abstract: Complex correlation section 110 complex-multiplies baseband signals obtained by frequency-converting known signals sent from base station apparatuses, which are candidate communication partners, to baseband frequencies by known patterns to distinguish signals of the respective base station apparatuses, despreads the baseband signals and obtains amplitude values. Desired signal power measuring section 111 averages the amplitude values with a predetermined number of symbols, interference signal power measuring section 112 that calculates a desired signal power value by suppressing the interference component separates the interference component by subtracting the desired signal power value from the amplitude values. Division section 113 divides the desired signal by the interference signal, calculates a CIR value and outputs the CIR value to transmission sections 102-1 to 102-n.

Abstract: According to the invention, a wireless communications device (an End-Point) in wireless network performs a Role Change to become Master in a connection with a network Access Point, with the Access Point to which it is connected acting as a Slave. A connection is then made to another Access Point (or Bluetooth radio) with the End-Point being Master of both connections simultaneously. The connection with the first Access Point is then terminated. Finally, the End-Point performs a reverse Role Change and becomes a Slave again in the normal manner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a relocation method, system and network element for changing a serving radio resource control entity After an initial operating state in which a user equipment (30) has radio links with a serving network element (20) and a drift network element (21) supporting said serving network element (20) with a wireless connection, the serving network element (20) transmits a relocation-specific information to a target network element (22). Based on the relocation-specific information, the target network element (22) establishes a link to the drift network element (21), such that the drift network element (21) can receive user traffic from both the serving network element (20) and the target network element (20). Then, the radio resource control is relocated to the target network element (20). The relocation-specific information may comprise an identifier or a list of identifiers of drift network elements.

Abstract: The present invention is a system of at least a mobile wireless device and multiple communications paths from it to a target device, where the communications paths are through wireless intervening transmitters whose physical locations are used to determine a preferred path. A preferred system is one operating with a most direct physical path between the mobile device and the target device among the available communications paths.

Abstract: A wireless terminal dynamically maintains location dependent operating parameters while operating in low power-consuming sleep mode. The wireless terminal wakes up periodically to determine its current location. If the current location is within a predetermined distance from a previously stored location, then the wireless terminal stores the previously stored location, along with its associated location dependent operating parameter, in a predetermined memory location within the wireless terminal. If the current location is not within a predetermined distance from a previously stored location, then the wireless terminal generates a new location dependent operating parameter for its current location and stores the current location and new location dependent operating parameter in the predetermined memory location. In various embodiments, the location dependent operating parameter may be, for example, a digital control channel or a mobile switching center identification.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for estimating time of arrival of radio signals in particular as used for location determination. A known method of determining the location of a subscriber unit (401) calculates a number of ranges based on the distance from base stations (403,405,407) with known location. The ranges are calculated from time of arrival estimates of the signals from the different base stations but a significant source of error is the multipath signal components typical in for example cellular mobile communication systems. According to the invention, the effect of multipath is mitigated by selecting a subset of signals based on a time of arrival estimate of each of the signals. An averaged time of arrival estimate with improved accuracy is then determined from the selected subset. A typical use of the invention is for location determination in a cellular mobile communication system.

Abstract: A localized radio frequency information system utilizing a conventional wireless communication device such as a cellular telephone, adapted with a plug-in dedicated receiver and processor which receives the radio frequency from a low power transmitter which, for example, might be located at an object of art in a gallery, identifies one of several codes to a central control which identifies the location of the device and routes to the wireless communication device a voice or text message relevant to the particular location identified such as a descriptive message relating to the object of art at the identified location..

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for implementing a network gateway that links two or more wireless networks, such as a packet switched network and a circuit switched network.

Abstract: A mobile telephone text messaging device has an integrated display rendered on a display screen. The integrated display includes a past message display segment of static text and a message composition segment that functions as an input field. The past message display segment and the message composition segment are rendered together simultaneously.

Abstract: Short message system (SMS-MO) comprising switching arrangements (MSC) and servers (SMSC) at which the messages arrive in the form of messages “destined for a mobile” (SMS-MT). The sending mobile (SMS-MO) includes in the message the address of the server (SMSC) of its card (SIM). The system comprises a virtual server (SMSC-V) which is defined by its address (ADR-V) and is associated with an operator, a real server (SMSC-R) which is defined by its address (ADR-R), the address (ADR-V) of the virtual server (SMSC-V) being the only server address recorded on the operator's cards (SIM), the switching arrangement (MSC) contains an address translator for replacing the address of the virtual server (SMSC-V) with that of the real server (SMSC-R) to which the message (SMS-MO) will be routed, which real server handles the message and routes it to the intended receiver (MO′).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an information providing system (IS) for making a programming information (PI) available for the programming of a programmable device or appliance (1), which programming information (PI) is selected from a database (3) and is transmitted as an electronically transmittable message, in particular as a short message (SMS), to a communication device (11) designed for receiving short messages (SMS) and formed, for example, by a mobile telephone, and which programming information (PI) is made available by the communication device (11) to the programmable device or appliance (1). The selected programming information (PI) may be selected, for example, through a terminal (5) which is connected to the information providing system (IS) via a data network (4), in particular the Internet. The selection may alternatively take place through the communication device (11), for example in accordance with the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) or short messages (SMS).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for receiving data by using the SMS and the wireless Internet. The method comprises the steps of receiving a short message from said service provider, wherein the short message comprises at least a service identifier and site information, determining whether or not there is an application protocol in the site information and executing an IP channel connecting program in correspondence with the application protocol, when the application protocol is in the site information, wherein the data receiving system receives data in correspondence with the application protocol from the service provider by executing the IP channel connecting program.

Abstract: Even when data are transmitted between communication apparatuses, the data time intervals can be synchronized between the transmitting and receiving sides.

Abstract: To form a wireless network, a network invitation signal is broadcast to potential members of the wireless network that are within a range of the wireless network. Upon a potential member of the wireless network responding affirmatively to join the wireless network, identification information is obtained from the potential member. The potential member is then included within the wireless network.

Abstract: Method for segmented message transmission wherein each message is first divided into segments and the segments are fragmented. A segment parameter is applied to each segment, and a segment identifier to each fragment. The fragments are provided to a lower level for preparation into frames for transmission. One embodiment is applied to the transmission of short duration messages, such as control messages. A timer is used to detect an erasure within a plurality of transmission frames, wherein the timer uses an average inter-arrival time period between transmitted frames to determine a missing frame. In one embodiment, the time period is given as &agr;*AIT, wherein &agr; is a constant value, and AIT is the average inter-arrival time of frames.

Abstract: Method for segmented message transmission wherein each message is first divided into segments and the segments are fragmented. A segment parameter is applied to each segment, and a segment identifier to each fragment. The fragments are provided to a lower level for preparation into frames for transmission. One embodiment is applied to the transmission of short duration messages, such as control messages. On receipt of a frame within a segment, a timer is initiated having an expiration period. Receipt of a next frame in the segment stops the timer. Expiration of the expiration period for a timer indicates that a next sequential frame is lost.

Abstract: The invention is related to a base station for a cellular network, the base station being connected via the radio path to the mobile stations (MS) in the area of a cell formed by the base station and via a transmission network to the means controlling the base station (MSC). The base station comprises (a) a first group of units forming a physical interface for the transmission network and a radio interface for the mobile stations (MS), and (b) an internal bus system, which comprises several buses into which the units are connected and by means of which the units are connected to each other. In order to efficiently provide other telecommunications services, the base station has a second group of units, which forms at least one interface for other external devices, and the base station is equipped with an internal cross-connection for switching traffic at least between the external devices and the transmission network.

Abstract: A cellular broadcast receiver and method for continuous reception of broadcasted audio signals for a selected genre in a motor vehicle independent of the broadcasting area of a specific broadcast channel, comprising, in combination, a cellular modem/computer processor unit, a control unit, and a sound processor.

Abstract: Techniques to more efficiently control the transmit power for a data transmission that uses a number of formats (e.g., rates, transport formats). Different formats for a given data channel (e.g., transport channel) may require different target SNIRs to achieved a particular BLER. In one aspect, individual target BLER may be specified for each format of each data channel. In another aspect, various power control schemes are provided to achieve different target SNIRs for different formats. In a first power control scheme, multiple individual outer loops are maintained for multiple formats. For each format, its associated outer loop attempts to set the target SNIR such that the target BLER specified for that format is achieved. In a second power control scheme, multiple individual outer loops are maintained and the base station further applies different adjustments to the transmit power levels for different formats.

Abstract: A station determines the presence/absence of directional beam control in an access point, on the basis of received power measured when data transmitted from the access point are received, and the type of the received data. In accordance with the result of this determination, the station controls transmitting power to transmit data to the access point.