Abstract: The invention relates to a process for simultaneously N(2)-acylating piperazic acid or an ester thereof and forming a bicyclic ring structure. The invention also relates to the use of that process step in a method of synthesizing a bicyclic compound useful as an intermediate for the production of an inhibitor of a caspase, particularly an inhibitor of interleukin-1&bgr; converting enzyme (“ICE”).

Abstract: The invention is a novel crystal form (Form II) of a known compound, linezolid which is useful as an antibacterial agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to new fluorescent or non-fluorescent dye compounds having a terminal hydroxy, carboxylic acid/ester or amino group and a process for their preparation. The new fluorescent or non-fluorescent dye compounds are useful as colorants for preparing colored synthetic polymer resins with pigmentary properties, for dyeing or printing homo- or mixed synthetic, semi-synthetic or natural polymers or substrates or for preparing inks. The dye compounds provide excellent properties, especially high temperature stability and easy applicability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of substituted pyrimidines of formula I, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and X are as defined in claim 1, which comprises reacting an amidine of formula II, or a salt thereof, with a 3,3-disubstituted vinylcarbonyl compound of formula III wherein L represent a halogen atom or a group of formula —X—R2, (a) in an inert solvent, in the presence of a base and a compound of formula IV H—X—R2  (IV) in the event that L represent a halogen atom, or (b) in an inert solvent and in the presence of a base, in the event that L represents a group of formula —X—R2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing quinoxaline-5- and 6-carboxylic acids. The method comprises contacting an aqueous suspension of a 5- or 6-hydroxymethyl quinoxaline with oxygen in the presence of a transition metal catalyst, to form the respective quinoxaline-5- or 6-carboxylic acid. The method for oxidizing benzylic methyl groups may also be employed to prepare a wide variety of heterocyclic carboxylic acid compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the preparation for camptothecin and camptothecin-like compounds and to novel intermediates used in this preparation. In particular, the invention provides a process for the preparation of the camptothecin derivative of formula (I′) known by the chemical name “7-(4-methylpiperazino-methylene)-10,11-ethylenedioxy-20(R,S)-camptothecin”, which comprises cyclising the compound of formula (II′), wherein X is halogen, particularly chloro, bromo, or iodo; and when the compound of formula (I′) is obtained as a mixture of enantiomers optionally resolving the mixture to obtain the desired enantiomer; and/or if desired, converting the resulting compound of formula (I′) or a salt thereof into a physiologically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for covalently coupling organic compounds which comprises reacting an aromatic ring compound having a halogen or halogen-like substituent at a coupling position with a diboron derivative in the presence of a Group VIII metal catalyst and a suitable base. The invention also provides useful arylboron intermediates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a photo-stabilizer of the general formula (I): wherein R1 is hydrogen, halogen, C1 to C12 alkyl, alkoxy (linear and branched), R2 is hydrogen, C1-C8 alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cumyl, R3 is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, R4 is methyl or ethyl, R5 is C1-C8 alkyl, alkyl phenyl, alkoxy, acyl, cycloalkyl and allyl, X is O, NH, C1-C8 alkyloxy and alkylamino (linear or branched), and derivatives and intermediates thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a novel intermediates and processes which are useful in the preparation of certain antihistaminic piperidine derivatives of the formula wherein W represents —C(═O)— or —CH(OH)—; R1 represents hydrogen or hydroxy; R2 represents hydrogen; R1 and R2 taken together form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; m is an integer of 0 or 1; R3 is —COOH or —COOalkyl wherein the alkyl moiety has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and is straight or branched each of A is hydrogen or hydroxy; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and individual optical isomers thereof, with the proviso that where R1 and R2 are taken together to form a second bond between the carbon atoms bearing R1 and R2 or where R1 represented hydroxy, m is an integer 0.

Abstract: This invention is directed to intermediates of the formula wherein Z is 4-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-yl or 5-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-yl which are useful in the preparation of compounds useful as antihypertensive, anti-ischemic, cardioprotective, and antilipolytic agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a simple and industrially readily executable method of producing thiazolidine base and salts thereof. In particular, the invention relates to a process for the production of thiazolidine base and salts thereof which is characterized in that hexamethylenetetramine of formula (I) is caused to react with cysteamine or salts thereof of formula (II) in which X(−) represents an acid residue, X(−) being preferably a halide or sulfate.

Abstract: Phenyl- and pyridyl-substituted thiazoline acid derivatives useful in diagnosing and treating pathological conditions associated with an excess of trivalent metals in humans and animals.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for preparing 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-benzotriatzole of formula (I) below, consisting of steps of: a) performing a first reduction in which hydrazine hydrate is added to a compound of formula (II) below with or without a phase transition catalyst in the presence of solvents which include a nonpolar solvent, water, and an alkaline compound, thereby preparing a compound of formula (III) below; and b) performing a second reduction in which water is added to the compound of formula (III) prepared in step a), and then zinc powder and sulfuric acid are added thereto with or without the phase transition catalyst, wherein, X is halogen or hydrogen; R is hydrogen, C1-C12 alkyl, C5-C8 cycloalkyl, phenyl, or phelyl-C1-C4 alkyl; and R′ is C1-C12 alkyl, C5-C8 cycloalkyl, phenyl, or phenyl-C1-C4 alkyl.

Abstract: According to a novel process, the triazolinethione derivative of the formula can be prepared by a) reacting the oxirane of the formula  with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of specific diluents, followed by introduction of hydrogen chloride or extraction with aqueous hydrochloric acid, b) treating the resulting hydrazine hydrochloride derivative of the formula  with alkali metal hydroxide in the presence of water and further specific diluents, followed by successive reaction with formaldehyde and thiocyanate of the formula X—SCN  (IV)  in the presence of certain solvents and finally c) reacting the triazolidine derivative of the formula  with iron(III) chloride in the presence of aqueous hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: Described is a process for the preparation of (2S, 4R, 9S)-octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, comprising a) reacting a compound of the formula I (R1O)2CH—CH2—CH(OR2)2  I  wherein R1 and R2 may be the same or different and represent each a C1-4-alkyl group, with water in the presence of an acidic catalyst, b) subjecting the obtained 3,3-dialkoxypropionaldehyde of formula II (R2O)2CH—CH2—CHO  II  to a Henry-reaction with nitromethane, c) subjecting the obtained 4,4-dialkoxy-1-nitro-4-butanol of formula III (R1O)2CH—CH2—CHOH—CH2—NO2  III  to a dehydration d) converting the obtained nitroolefin IV with the aid of a Diels-Alder reaction into the corresponding trans-4-(2,2-dialkoxyethyl)-5-nitro-1-caclohexene V e) hydrogenating the obtained substance V into the corresponding trans-4-(2,2-dialkoxyethyl)-5-amino-1-cyclohexane VI f) subjecting the compound VI to a resolution of racemate and obtaining the (1S, 2

Abstract: A multi-step method of synthesizing ketorolac, an analgesic compound, is shown. Several of the reactions and intermediate compounds are novel. The reaction sequence begins with the known compound N-2-bromoethylpyrrole.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing pyrrole ester compounds, which are key intermediates in the preparation of farnesyl transferase inhibitors, an anti-cancer agent Horner-Emmons reaction of aldehyde compounds provides the corresponding &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated esters, which without any separation and/or purification steps, are treated with toluenesutfonyl-methylisocyanate in the presence of base to give pyrrole esters in one-pot fashion.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition of greater than 90% pure ethyleneimine dimer and a method of synthesizing the same. This method of synthesis provides several advantages over previous methods: (1) The starting compounds are all relatively inexpensive; (2) the yield of product is greater than 20% of the theoretical yield; and (3) the steps of synthesis are easy, inexpensive and amenable to large-scale production. All of these advantages allow for less expensive production of ethyleneimine dimer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new biocatalyst whole cell system for converting cyclic ketones such as cyclopentanone/cyclohexanone to the corresponding lactones such as valerolactone/caprolactone. Another novel aspect of the present invention is that biocatalyst fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri NCIM 1282 species has been found to be an efficient biocatalyst system for any biotransformation for the first time.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an oxirane, aziridine or cyclopropane of formula (I), wherein X is oxygen, NR4 or CHR5; R1 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, heteroaromatic, heterocyclic or cycloalkyl; R2 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, heteroaromatic, CO2R8, CHR14NHR13, heterocyclic or cycloalkyl; or R1 and R2 join together to form a cycloalkyl ring; R3 and R10 are, independently, hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, heteroaromatic, CO2R8, R83Sn, CONR8R9, trialkylsilyl or triarylsilyl; R4 is an electron withdrawing group; R5 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaromatic, SO2R8, SO3R8, COR8, CO2R8, CONR8R9, PO(R8)2, PO(OR8)2 or CN; R8 and R9 are independently alkyl or aryl; and R13 and R14 are independently hydrogen, alkyl or aryl is provided. The process comprises degrading a compound of formula (II), (IIa), (IIb) or (IIc): wherein R3 and R10 are as defined above; Y is a cation; depending on the nature of Y, r is 1 or 2; and L is a suitable leaving group, to form a diazo compound.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of free-flowing calcium salts of highly unsaturated fatty acids, which includes the steps of: (a) providing a fatty acid feedstock consisting essentially of: (i) from about 50 to about 95% by weight of unsaturated C:16-C:22 fatty acids; (ii) from about 5 to about 40% by weight of saturated C:14-C:22 fatty acids; and (iii) no more than about 6% by weight of moisture, insolubles and unsaponifiables, with no more than about 20% by weight of the unsaturated feedstock being in the form of glycerides; (b) adding to the unsaturated feedstock from about 1.0 to about 2.5 equivalents of calcium oxide relative to the unsaturated feedstock, so that a reactive admixture is formed; and (c) adding to the reactive admixture from about 2 to about 5 equivalents of water relative to the calcium oxide, so that the calcium oxide hydrates and neutralizes the fatty acids to form the calcium salts; provided that when less than 1.

Abstract: A non-hydrogenated canola oil having superior oxidative stability and fry stability useful for food applications is disclosed, as well as seeds, plant lines and progeny thereof from which the oil is derived.

Abstract: Metal complexes obtainable from a metal precursor of a metal of the 6th-10th groups of the Periodic Table in the oxidation state 0 or +2 and a ligand of the formula I, where the radicals are defined as follows: R1, R2 and R4 are hydrogen, C1-C12-alkyl groups, C3-C12-cycloalkyl groups, C6-C14-aryl groups, C2-C12-alkenyl groups, arylalkyl groups, halogens, silyl groups, C1-C12-alkoxy groups, C1-C12-thioether groups or amino groups; R3 is an &agr;-branched C3-C12-alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12-cycloalkyl group, a C2-C12-alkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, a halogen, a silyl group, a C1-C12-alkoxy group, a C1-C12-thioether group or an amino group; X is oxygen, sulfur, Y is hydrogen or a silyl group, R5 to R6 are &agr;-branched C3-C12-alkyl groups or substituted or unsubstituted C3-C12-cycloalkyl groups; can be used in free form or immobilized on a solid support for the polymerization of 1-olefins.

Abstract: This invention is directed to alkyl cobalt (III) dioximates and methods for making these dioximates.

Abstract: An indium precursor composition having utility for incorporation of indium in a microelectronic device structure, e.g., as an indium-containing film on a device substrate by bubbler or liquid delivery MOCVD techniques, or as a dopant species incorporated in a device substrate by ion implantation techniques. The precursor composition includes a precursor of the formula R1R2InL wherein: R1 and R2 may be same or different and are independently selected from C6-C10 aryl, C6-C10 fluoroaryl, C6-C10 perfluoroaryl, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 fluoroalkyl, or C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl; and L is &bgr;-diketonato or carboxylate. Indium-containing metal films may be formed on a substrate, such as indium-copper metallization, and shallow junction indium ion-implanted structures may be formed in integrated circuitry, using the precursors of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process comprising deblocking a silane of the formula (RIC(═O)O)yC6RII6−y−z[CxH2xSi(ORIII)3−a(RIV)a]z where RI is H, CH3 or RVO; RII is H or RVO; RIII is alkyl, phenyl or acyl from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; RIV is hydrogen, alkyl or phenyl from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; RV is a linear or branched alkyl group from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; y is an integer from 1 to 3; z is an integer from 1 to 3; x is an integer from 2 to 6 and a is an integer from 0 to 2 to yield a phenolic silane. Also disclosed are processes for making a blocked silane having the above formula.

Abstract: The invention relates to the calcium complex of [[(4R)-4-[bis[(carboxy-.kappa.O)methyl]amino-.kappa.N]-6,9-bis[(carboxy-.kappa.O)methyl]-1-[(4,4-diphenylcyclohexyl)oxy]-1-hydroxy-2-oxa-6,9-diaza-1-phosphaundecan-11-ylic-acid-.kappa.N6,.kappa. N9,.kappa.011]1-oxidato(6-)]-, tetrahydrogen(MS-325) and its salts, pharmaceutical agents that contain these complexes, for the production of agents for the reduction of effects that are caused by heavy metals as well as processes for their production.

Abstract: Functionalized allylic olefins are condensed by metathesis using the catalyst 1,3-dimesityl-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene ruthenium benzylidene [Ru*].

Abstract: The present invention relates to additives for preparing straight-chain or acrylonitrile dimer from acrylonitrile and to a process for preparing straight-chain acrylonitrile dimer from acrylonitrile in the presence of the additives according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the purification of aliphatic aminonitriles and more particularly of 6-aminocapronitrile. It consists more specifically in subjecting 6-aminocapronitrile to a hydrogenation with molecular hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one metal chosen from palladium, platinum, ruthenium, osmium, iridium or rhodium and a promoter agent or a preconditioning in order to improve the selectivity of the hydrogenation.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel optically active polymerizable dipeptides, to the process for the preparation thereof, to the polymerization thereof and to the use of the polymers as adsorbents for the chromatographic separation of enantiomers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of 3-aryl-2-hydroxy propanoic acid derivatives of the formula (1) useful as an intermediate for the preparation of many pharmaceutically active compounds.

Abstract: There is provided a single-step process for the preparation of a compound of formula I. Compounds of formula I are useful as starting materials in the synthesis of natural products and in the manufacture of benzophenone fungicidal agents.

Abstract: A photoresist composition contains a photoacid generator and a polymer represented by the following formula: wherein R4, R6 and R9 each represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R5 and R7 each represents a C17-23 divalent hydrocarbon group containing a bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group, R8 represents an acid-decomposable group, R10 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-12 hydrocarbon group, x+y+z equals to 1, and x, y and z stand for 0 to 1, 0 to 1, and 0 to 0.9, respectively, and having a weight average molecular weight of from 1,000 to 500,000. According to the present invention, a chemical modification photoresist composition having high transparency to radiation of 220 nm and shorter and improved in etching resistance can be provided.

Abstract: A process for racemate resolution of 2-hydroxypropionic acids by reacting the racemic acid with an optically active base and subsequently separating off a diastereomeric salt of acid and base comprises using 1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethylamine as optically active base.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the crystallization of carboxylic acid, more particularly adipic acid, and a process for manufacturing crystalline carboxylic acid, more specifically a process for treating the reaction medium resulting from the direct oxidation of a hydrocarbon into carboxylic acid such as adipic acid, for example. More specifically, the invention relates to the crystallization of adipic acid from an organic solvent, thus removing the organic impurities contained in the said acid and thus optionally facilitating its purification by a crystallization from water.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing N-substituted hydroxylamines from N-substituted aryl- or heteroaryloxaziridines by acid hydrolysis and isolation of the N-substituted hydroxylamines in the form of their salts.

Abstract: The present invention provides a phthalic acid diamide derivative represented by the general formula (I) (wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each H, C3-C6 cycloalkyl group, group of the formula —A1—Ql or the like; X may be the same or different and are each halogen atom, nitro group, phenyl group, group of the formula —A2—R7 or the like; n is 1 to 4; Y may be same or different and are each halogen atom, cyano group, phenyl group, group of the formula —A2—R7 or the like; m is 1 to 5; Z1 and Z2 are each O or S), fluorine-containing aniline compound represented by the general formula (ST-I) as starting material for said phthalic acid diamide derivative (wherein Ra is halogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl group or the like and Rb, Rc and Rd is H or C2-C6 perfluoroalkyl group), and an agricultural and horticultural insecticide containing said phthaldiamide derivative, as well as to provide a method for use of said insecticide.

Abstract: In producing alkanolamines by use of a microporous material as a catalyst, the difficulty in industrially performing the production because of the short lifetime of the catalyst is resolved. A process of regenerating the catalyst by removing an organic substance deposited on the catalyst by means of decomposing and/or extracting the substance is introduced, and thereby steady production is carried out substantially over the long term by switching the reaction and the regenerating processes.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of 2,2,4,4-tetrasubstituted 1,3,5-cyclohexanetriones of the formula I, by reaction of a cyclobutane-1,3-dione of the formula II with an O or N nucleophile and a silylating reagent, and subsequent acetylation and cyclization.

Abstract: In a process for the hydroformylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, at least one complex or compound of a metal of transition group VIII with at least one bidentate phosphine ligand is used as hydroformylation catalyst and at least one of the reaction steps following the hydroformylation reaction is carried out essentially in the absence of carbon monoxide and hydrogen and in the presence of at least one monodentate phosphine ligand.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for oxidizing methanol in a gas stream into formaldehyde in a fixed bed reactor. The process first introduces a gas stream into a fixed bed reactor. The fixed bed reactor contains a catalyst bed having a depth, a width, a length, an inlet, an upstream region, a downstream region and an outlet. Preferably, the inlet, the upstream region, the downstream region and the outlet are provided in the order stated. A vanadia-titania catalyst is provided in the upstream region and a molybdena-titania catalyst is provided in the downstream region. The vanadia-titania catalyst in the upstream region is substantially free of MoO3 and initially (i.e., during oxidation some V2O5 may sublime and migrate to the downstream region) the molybdena-titania catalyst in the downstream region is substantially free of V2O5. Next, the gas stream is contacted with the vanadia-titania catalyst under oxidizing conditions.

Abstract: In a process for the continuous preparation of glutaraldehyde by reaction of an alkoxydihydropyran of the formula I where R is C1-C20-alkyl, with water at from 0° C. to 200° C. and a pressure in the range from 0.01 bar to 16 bar to form glutaraldehyde and the alcohol corresponding to the alkoxy group, water and alkoxydihydropyran are fed continuously to a reaction column and a distillate enriched in the alcohol corresponding to the alkoxy group is taken off at the top of the column and a product enriched in glutaraldehyde is taken off at the bottom. This process makes it possible to prepare glutaraldehyde or C-substituted glutaraldehydes continuously in high purity in a simple manner with a low outlay in terms of apparatus.

Abstract: Diels-Alder adducts of dienophiles such as epoxybutene with dienes such as cyclopentadiene and cyclohexadiene are produced by carrying out the Diels-Alder reaction thereof at an elevated pressure. Addional dienophiles disclosed include 2,5-dihydrofuran and derivatives thereof; Additional dienes include isoprene and butadiene. Compounds produced from such reactions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the treatment of a gas stream obtained from the production of polyolefins and containing unreacted compounds. According to the process, uncondensed compounds are removed from the gas stream and, when so desired, these compounds are directed to further treatment. According to the invention, the uncondensed compounds are separated from the gas stream by membrane separation. Thus the separation of gases is facilitated, since by coupling the membrane system in conjunction with distillation columns the distillation can be carried out at a substantially higher top temperature. By using the membrane system it is possible effectively to remove the lightest gases, which would otherwise accumulate in the process.

Abstract: A process for separating and isolating saturated hydrocarbons from olefins, and in particular, a process for separating and isolating saturated hydrocarbons from olefins in a Fisher-Tropsch stream. The feedstock composition is contacted with linear polyaromatic compound under conditions effective to form linear polyaromatic compound-olefin adducts. Separation of the adducts from the stream also separates the adducted olefins from the stream. After dissociation of the adducted olefins, the process results in an olefin composition that is enriched in concentration of olefins over the concentration of olefins in the feedstock composition, and a saturated hydrocarbon stream that is enriched in saturated hydrocarbons over the concentration of saturated hydrocarbons in the feedstock.

Abstract: A biocompatible monomer composition includes: (A) at least one monomer, which forms a medically acceptable polymer, (B) at least one plasticizing agent present in the composition in an amount of from 0.5 wt. % to 15 wt. % of the composition; and (C) at least one acidic stabilizing agent having a pKa ionization constant of from about 1 to about 7. The composition can be applied to a variety of materials and is particularly suitable as in vivo tissue adhesive. A method of joining together in vivo two surfaces, e.g.

Abstract: A wound dressing is formed from a covering release layer, a dressing layer, an indicator layer, a transparent or translucent indicator bonding layer and a transparent or translucent outer covering. The indicator layer contains a dye which changes color on contact with water. When the dressing layer becomes saturated, water permeates the indicator layer and triggers a color change. The color change is visible through the indicator bonding layer and outer covering and shows a carer that the dressing needs to be replaced.

Abstract: An intravaginal inflatable member impermeable to fluids capable when inflated of providing sealable closure of the vaginal canal for the prevention of exit of menstrual blood from the vaginal orifice. The inflatable member can be connected to an absorbent member or can be a stand alone device. Inflation of the inflatable member can be activated manually by the user or via an intravaginal applicator which has the dual function of inserting and delivering the device into the vagina and that of actuating the source of inflation to inflate the inflatable member.

Abstract: A disposable waste containment composite is disclosed for fabrication into baby diapers, incontinent briefs, feminine hygiene pads, incontinent under pads and sheets, wound dressings and the like. The composite is formed from a liquid permeable topsheet, an absorbent core and an impermeable backing sheet unified by the use of adhesives, heat and pressure, ultra sonic welding and the like. The composite is characterized in that its topsheet has been treated with a non-aqueous composition comprising propylene glycol, a non-water soluble protectant, and a surface active agent. The treatment composition can also preferably include an emollient an anti-odorant, a healing agent or the like. A unique feature of the treatment is that the non-water soluble components do not restrict or interfere with the passage of bodily waste into the absorbent core.