Abstract: A floor tile, in particular a laminate panel, parquet element, veneer floor element, ready-to-lay parquet element or such like comprises an edge profile on at least two opposite edges in the form of a modified groove and tongue joint for the purpose of connecting adjacent tiles, with a coincident arrangement consisting of one groove and one tongue on each of at least two edges, of which the tongue on one edge of a first tile and the groove in an associated edge of a second tile rise obliquely upwards from the bottom of the tile. The edge profiles are contrived directly in the support material of the floor tile, the groove in the first tile is disposed directly above its tongue and the lower wall of this groove falls off towards the back end of the groove by the same degree as the tongue on the first tile rises upwards.

Abstract: Interlocking cover members made of a rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material and formed by an extrusion process are each defined by a main panel having a top side with a top surface, a bottom side, and opposite first and second longitudinal edge zones. Longitudinal rib members extend downwardly from the bottom side of the panel in spaced, parallel relation to one another to strengthen and stabilize the panel in supported, spaced relation above an underlying surface being covered. An attachment lip extends outboard of the second longitudinal edge zone, below a level of the panel, and includes a lock channel for interlocking receipt of a barbed rail extending from the bottom side of an adjacently positioned cover member. The attachment lip is structured to rest on the surface being covered and accommodates screw fasteners, at spaced intervals, for securing the cover member to the underlying surface.

Abstract: Installing insulation for a building member using a web member is provided. The web member is attached to a surface of the building member that is to be insulated. The web member has a number of spaces defined between its wire or solid elements. The insulating material is sprayed against the web member. The insulating material can include a foamable substance and insulating particles combined therewith. The insulating material is received in the spaces of the web member. The insulating material can be sprayed to pass through the thickness of the web member. The web member facilitates the holding or capturing of the insulating material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of construction of a wall (40) from first, second and end modules (10, 20, 30) each forming part of the wall. The method includes assembly of two modules being first, end or first and end modules (10, 30) having portions forming part of the wall (40) by aligning these modules (10) in a desired alignment and connecting them together with connection means (50) to form a supporting structure (200) for second modules (20). The connection means (50) has a tie portion (51) generally extending in the direction of the alignment. The tie portion (51) has a portion corresponding with connection portions (26) of a second module (20) and cooperation of the corresponding tie portion (58), extending between guides (56) formed as part of the tie portion (51), with the connection portions (26) connects the second module (20) to the supporting structure (200). In such manner, a portion of a wall (40) may be constructed.

Abstract: Improvements in high-speed machines for inserting sheets into envelopes include a first apparatus for pre-opening envelopes after they are pulled from a hopper and before a blade-like envelope flap opener fully opens them. The first apparatus includes a roller and a roller housing having a top part that defines a small space between them through which a flap-including longitudinal edge of an envelope passes. The edge is constrained to form a curvature as it passes through the small space, causing the flap to open at least to some extent. A second improvement in pre-openers includes a cut out formed in an envelope support plate and a rigid deflector positioned in the path of the envelopes as they leave the hopper. The envelope flaps are partly opened as they are deflected below the plane of the support plate. A third improvement includes a plurality of vacuum dishes formed in an envelope-supporting plate.

Abstract: A method of packaging by wrapping and a wrapping machine (20), in which method a top film (64) is cut into a top film sheet (65) and pulled on top of a top film carrier (54) turned upside down, to a position above the object being packaged (31). After this the carrier and the top film held in place by means of suction nozzles (55) are turned around and pressed with the help of the pressing device (53) onto the object being packaged. During the first stage of wrapping, the edges of the top film sheet are held up by means of the suction nozzles of the carrier and plastic film web is wrapped around the article being packaged from bottom to top. After this, the edges of the top film sheet are pressed down by means of blow nozzles, and plastic film web is also wrapped on top of the edges of the plastic film sheet.

Abstract: The invention comprises an insert delivery system for use with an automated packaging machine. Preferably, the system is used to include coupons and the like with products being automatically packaged, such as sliced loaf bread. The system may comprise an insert delivery tray, card conveyor, or carousel and magazine combination, a feeder mechanism, and an insert placer configured to select an insert from the tray, conveyor, or magazine. Preferably, the insert placer includes a vacuum system and moves linearly. Additionally, the feeder mechanism may be positioned either perpendicularly, or parallel, to the scoop assembly, so as to feed an insert onto the scoop assembly at various points along the path of the scoop. The invention also comprises methods of using the system.

Abstract: Banknotes are processed using a machine equipped with a number of modules by which predetermined numbers of notes are ordered in bundles secured with at least one band and then transferred to a unit to be strapped in groups; an intermittently driven conveyor equipped with pockets operates in conjunction with the modules to direct the bundles in a predetermined succession, according to a previously established sequence, toward a stacker located at an outfeed end of the conveyor. The bundles are stacked in set numbers to form groups in which the predetermined succession is maintained as the single bundles pass along a stacking axis, preserving an initial sequence of code and serial number with which the banknotes are fed initially into the bundling modules.

Abstract: A kernel processor includes a pair of rollers which are controlled such that the spacing between them varies inversely, or such that the contact pressure between them varies directly, in response to varying moisture content of the crop material being processed.

Abstract: Pivoting hooks usable with four bar parallelogram implement lift linkages are provided. The hooks are pivotally attached at the forward edge of the implement to receive the cross bar of a suspension mechanism such as that taught in U.S. Pat. No. 5,025,617. The pivotal connection and axis about which the hooks are supported on the deck comprise one corner of the four bar parallelogram lift linkage. The hooks pivot forwardly and downwardly to receive the cross bar and then swing up as tension is applied to the hanger to support the deck. As the cross bar slides forwardly into the throats of the hooks when the hanger is tensioned, it is retained in the proper parallelogram lift geometry so that the deck remains level as it is adjusted throughout its vertical cutting height. The use of the pivoting hooks permits decks with extended fore and aft dimensions to be used with existing four bar parallelogram designs.

Abstract: A mowing machine includes a vehicle body (1), a mower unit (4) connected to and supported by the vehicle body and having flow generating members driven by power supplied thereto for generating grass carrier air flows, a grass catcher (6) disposed at a rear end of the vehicle body and defining an opening for receiving grass clippings, a grass transport duct (17) for guiding grass clippings transported by the carrier air flows to the grass catcher, and a moving mechanism (5) for moving the grass catcher between a collecting position for connecting the grass catcher to the grass transport duct and a discharge position for separating the grass catcher from the grass transport duct. A power cutoff mechanism (11, 100) is provided for stopping power supply to the mower unit in response to a movement caused by the moving mechanism of the grass catcher from the collecting position to the discharge position.

Abstract: A supporting disk for supporting a rotor, in particular the rotor in open-end spinning rotors, having a hub ring and a supporting ring positioned on the outer circumference of the hub ring, having a bearing surface for the rotor, the outer circumference of the hub ring and the inner circumference of the supporting ring being connected to each other with form locking; the supporting ring (3), in cross-section, being formed from a running part (4) provided with bearing surface (10) for the rotor and at least two anchor legs (7, 8) extending from running part (4) and directed radially inwardly as well as axially outwardly.

Abstract: An engine is disclosed that incorporates components purely or predominantly rotational components. An engine including a rotor and a stator, in which a combustion chamber is defined in the stator and a fluid receiving chamber is defined in the rotor, in which combustion gas can expand from the combustion chamber into the receiving chamber, whereby momentum is transferred from the combustion gas to the rotor.

Abstract: Emissions are controlled in a recuperated gas turbine engine using an apparatus and/or method. A fixed boundary recuperator comprises a gas inlet through which flows a gas and a gas outlet in communication with the gas inlet. An air inlet flows an air through the recuperator so that the air is in heat exchange relationship with the gas. An air outlet is in communication with the air inlet. A catalyst is disposed at least at one of a plurality of locations, with the locations selected from the group that includes a position immediately upstream of the recuperator heat exchange core, a position within the recuperator heat exchange core, and a position immediately downstream of the recuperator heat exchange core. At least one parameter of the engine is tuned based on desired NOx emissions and remaining undesired emissions are catalyzed in or immediately adjacent a recuperator.

Abstract: A fuel containing methylacetylene-propadiene, commonly referred to as MAPP gas, produces thrust in a flight vehicle having a pulse detonation engine. The MAPP gas fuel of this invention may be used alone or combined with other conventional fuels such as hydrogen, JP-4, JP-5, JP-10, kerosene or any other suitable hydrocarbon fuel. Such hydrocarbon containing fuel includes, but is not limited to, acetylene, methane, ethylene, propane, butane or liquified petroleum gas. MAPP gas fuel is mixed with an oxidant containing oxygen or air and ignited. The detonation wave created produces thrust for the flight vehicle. A method of powering a flight vehicle having a pulse detonation engine with MAPP gas fuel is also disclosed.

Abstract: A fuel control system for an aircraft gas turbine engine that includes a thrust augmentation system. An augmentor fuel pump is arranged to provide pressurized fuel to an exhaust nozzle throat area actuation system to eliminate the need for a separate hydraulic pump to provide pressurized fluid for exhaust nozzle actuation. An augmentor fuel bypass arrangement is provided to enable the augmentor fuel pump to provide pressurized fuel to the main fuel pressurizing valve and to components operated by the main fuel system in the event of failure of the main fuel pump. The augmentor fuel pump pressure and output flow are controlled as a function of thrust augmentation demand and main fuel system operation. The system provides redundancy by enabling either the main fuel system or the augmentor fuel system to maintain engine operation if one of the fuel systems fails or provides inadequate fuel flow.

Abstract: A cascade type thrust reverser for an air duct of a turbofan engine includes a lock mechanism mounted on a track beam that supports the translating sleeve. A locking portion of a lock member of the lock mechanism is engageable with a slider by which the translating sleeve is supported by the track beam to lock the translating sleeve in the forward, closed position.

Abstract: A propulsion module including a wave rotor detonation engine having a rotor with a plurality of fluid flow channels. The fluid flow channels extend between an inlet rotor plate, which has a pair of fixed inlet ports, and an outlet rotor plate, which has a pair of fixed outlet ports. The propulsion module includes a pair of inlet ducts have a stowed mode and a deployed mode. The pair of inlet ducts include a fluid flow passageway adapted to convey air to the pair of inlet ports. A fueling system is positioned prior to the inlet ports to deliver fuel into the air introduced through the pair of inlet ducts and into the pair of inlet ports. A pair of ignition chambers are disposed adjacent to the inlet rotor plate.

Abstract: A pulse detonation engine (10) is provided with an aerovalve (14) for controlling the pressure of injected propellants (Ox, Fuel) in an open-ended detonation chamber (26). The propellants are injected at such pressure and velocity, and in a direction generally toward a forward thrust wall end (16) of the detonation chamber (26), an aerovalve (14) is formed which effectively inhibits or prevents egress of the propellant from the detonation chamber (26). A shock wave (34) formed by the injected propellant acts, after reflection by the thrust wall end (16) and in combination with the aerovalve (14), to compress and conserve, or increase, the pressure of the injected propellant. Carefully timed ignition (28) effects a detonation pulse under desired conditions of maintained, or increased, pressure. Termination of the propellant injection serves to “open” the aerovalve (14), and exhaust of the combusted propellants occurs to produce thrust.

Abstract: A centerbody for a gas turbine engine includes a thermal control system which minimizes the thermal stresses between the centerbody and at least one stiffener. The centerbody stiffener extends radially inward from a centerbody shell. A cavity is defined within each centerbody stiffener. The thermal control system includes a plurality of openings circumferentially disposed around the centerbody. Each opening extends through the centerbody shell into each cavity. The openings include pairs of entrance openings and exit openings which permit circumferential flow to develop within the centerbody cavity.

Abstract: An exhaust diverter for selectively attenuating exhaust volume includes a first pipe for fluidly coupling to and positioning between the engine and the muffler. A second pipe has a first end and a second end. The first end of the second pipe is fluidly coupled to the first pipe. An exhaust pipe is fluidly coupled to the second end of the second pipe. A valve system selectively opens and closes passages through the first and second pipes. The valve system includes a first valve positioned in the first pipe and a second valve positioned in the second pipe. An actuator is mechanically coupled to the valves for selectively opening and closing the first and second valves such that one of the valves simultaneously opens when the other of the valves closes.

Abstract: A Vehicle Exhaust Filtration System and Method is disclosed. Also disclosed is a system and method that reduces the airborne contaminants leaving the exhaust pipe of any internal combustion engine to which the system is attached. Furthermore, the method and system involves the use of recyclable cartridges that can be exchanged on a planned maintenance program. Still further, the disclosed system and method prohibits engines failing to have acceptably clean filter/converters from being started. It is another aspect of the present invention that the method and system provide an alert to the user, and potentially to external individuals, that the change out deadline is approaching.

Abstract: A hydraulic circuit for a mobile handling device includes a lifting cylinder suitable for handling a variable load and an accumulator for recovering or recycling lowering load energy. The hydraulic circuit also includes a variable hydraulic machine, driven by a drive unit, capable of developing full system pressure in two flow directions, to either of two ports. One of the two ports is connected to the accumulator, by a first connecting line, and the other is connected to the lifting cylinder, by a second connecting line. A second accumulator is connected to the first and second connecting lines by a check valve.

Abstract: In a hydraulic drive system in which a target compensated differential pressure for each of pressure compensating valves 21a, 21b is set in accordance with a differential pressure between a pump delivery pressure and a maximum load pressure, and a target LS differential pressure is set as a variable value depending on a revolution speed of an engine 1, a fixed throttle 32 and a signal pressure variable relief valve 33 are disposed in a maximum load pressure line 35. A relief setting pressure PLMAXO of the signal pressure variable relief valve 33 is set so as to satisfy PLMAXO=PR−PGR+a (where a is a value smaller than PGR) with respect to a target LS differential pressure PGR and a setting pressure PR of the main relief valve 30.

Abstract: A piston for the variable delimitation of a pressure chamber in a housing of a hydraulic cylinder, in particular a clutch master cylinder for motor vehicles, has a main section on which a running surface is provided for a sealing element on the housing side. The sealing element seals a pressure chamber in an operating position of the piston. The piston also has an after-running device, which, in a normal position of the piston, connects the pressure chamber to an after-running area. The after-running device is made separately from the main section and is connected without play to the main section to form the piston. As a result, a piston that is easy to manufacture is created and which, with reference to the after-running device, has an improved functionality compared with prior art.

Abstract: In a method of limiting the charge pressure of an internal combustion engine charged using an exhaust gas turbocharger, a control unit performs an actual value/setpoint value comparison of a controlled variable with a predefined limit value and generates or limits actuating signals for an actuator drive of an actuator acting upon the controlled variable. The setpoint value is taken from a characteristic map memory as a function of the instantaneous operating state of the internal combustion engine. In order to allow the internal combustion engine to operate at the highest possible charge pressure and corresponding power output, measured values of the temperature and of the pressure upstream and downstream, respectively, from a compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger are used for reading the limit value from the characteristic map memory.

Abstract: A projectile for being propelled along a trajectory by propellant gases inside a launcher tube, the projectile including a casing, first pressure means for first pressurizing the casing without exploding the casing during firing of the projectile, and second pressure means for second pressurizing and exploding the casing, wherein the first pressure means includes part of propellant gases inside a launcher tube used to propel the projectile, or alternatively, gases generated by the first pressure means.

Abstract: A high frequency pulsed fuel injector is disclosed. The fuel injector incorporates a resonance tube in outlet fluid communication with a fuel nozzle. During operation the resonance tube provides a pulsating output which is directed into the fuel nozzle. The pulsating output of the resonance tube perturbs the flow of fuel in the fuel nozzle, effectively breaking it up into discrete slugs or chunks for subsequent combustion in a combustion chamber. The combustion process is greatly enhanced by this breakup of the fuel jet, improving combustion efficiency as well as reducing undesirable emissions.

Abstract: A method of controlling primary measures for reducing the thermal nitrogen oxide formation in gas turbines, the primary measures being controlled according to a characteristic which characterizes an air-quantity-specific heat release rate in a combustion chamber of the gas turbine. In order to approximately determine the heat release rate, the power output available at an output-side end of a useful-power shaft of the gas turbine is used, and the air quantity is determined as a function of the ambient conditions. The useful power is preferably determined from the electric terminal power output of a generator driven by the gas turbine, and the electric terminal power output is advantageously corrected with a term which takes into account the combustion-chamber pressure. Furthermore, when the air quantity is being determined, if need be the position of an adjustable preliminary guide row is also taken into account.

Abstract: A method and system for generating power include using a cogeneration power system having a gas turbine. The gas turbine has a compressor section for receiving air to be compressed. The compressed air is fed to a combustor section where it is mixed with fuel and the fuel is burned to produce heated combustion gas. The heated combustion gas is expanded in an expander section to generate shaft work which is used to drive a generator or alternator for producing electric power. The heated combustion gas leaves the expander as turbine exhaust which is cooled by transferring at least part of its heat to the air ahead of the combustor.

Abstract: A fuel system (10) comprises a tank (12), a pump (14), heat exchangers (16 & 18) and a filter (20) in series fluid flow relationship. A fuel metering unit (24) returns a proportion of the filtered fuel to the tank (12) and is controlled by the engine electronic control (30). The system (10) operates so that fluid is not returned to the tank (12) when a pressure differential of the order of 5 psi is detected across the fluid filter (20) and the temperature of the fluid is below 0° C. The fluid is not returned to the tank (12) for a period of time to reduce the flow of fluid passing through the heat exchangers (16 & 18). The reduced flow of fluid passing through the heat exchangers (16 & 18) is heated to a temperature sufficient to melt any solidified impurities blocking the fluid filter (20).

Abstract: A cooling air cooling system is selectively operable to reduce fuel gum deposits within the cooling system during gas turbine engine operations. The cooling system includes a recirculating loop that includes at least three heat exchangers in fluid communication with the recirculating loop. A first heat exchanger cools cooling air supplied to the gas turbine engine. A second heat exchanger cools fluid exiting the first of the heat exchangers with fan discharge air prior to the fluid entering the third heat exchanger. A third heat exchanger uses combustor main fuel flow to cool the fluid circulating in the recirculating loop.

Abstract: A land based gas turbine apparatus includes an integral compressor; a turbine component having a combustor to which air from the integral compressor and fuel are supplied; and a generator operatively connected to the turbine for generating electricity; wherein hot gas path component parts in the turbine component are cooled entirely or at least partially by cooling air or other cooling media supplied by an external compressor. A method is also provided which includes the steps of supplying compressed air to the combustor from the integral compressor; and supplying at least a portion of the cooling air or other cooling media to the hot gas path parts in the turbine component from an external compressor.

Abstract: A system stores densely dissolved methane-base gas and supplies gas of a predetermined composition. A container (10) stores methane-base gas dissolved in hydrocarbon solvent and supplies it to means for adjusting composition, through which an object of regulated contents is obtained. Preferably, the means for adjusting composition is means for maintaining the tank in a supercritical state, or piping (48) for extracting substances at a predetermined ratio from the gas phase (12) and liquid phase (16) in the container.

Abstract: The methods and apparatus for transporting compressed gas includes a gas storage system having a plurality of pipes connected by a manifold whereby the gas storage system is designed to operate in the range of the optimum compressibility factor for a given composition of gas. The pipe for the gas storage system is preferably large diameter pipe made of a high strength material whereby a low temperature is selected which can be withstood by the material of the pipe. Knowing the compressibility factor of the gas, the temperature, and the diameter of the pipe, the wall thickness of the pipe may be calculated for the pressure range of the gas at the selected temperature. The gas storage system may either be modular or be part of the structure of a vessel for transporting the gas to the storage system. Since the pipe provides a bulkhead around the gas, the gas storage system may be used in a single hull vessel. The gas storage system further includes enclosing the pipes in a nitrogen atmosphere.

Abstract: In the method for producing a particulate material (58) from an at least partially liquid material (35) containing a solvent and/or dispersant, this material (35) is atomized in a process chamber (21) into droplets which are frozen to particles (131) by contact with a freezing fluid. The particles (131) are then dried by freeze-drying in the or in another process chamber (22) having a filter (18) at the top. For the freeze-drying, cooled process gas is passed upward from below through the process chamber (22) and through the filter (18) in such a way that at least a substantial part of the particles (131) rest against the filter (18) at least for a substantial part of the freeze-drying taking place in the process chamber (22). This makes it possible to dry a batch of particles (131) in a short time.

Abstract: A conduit for transporting non-volatile liquids is provided in which the conduit's internal surfaces have a surface energy lower than that of the nonvolatile liquid.

Abstract: A compressor-pump unit for use in a vapor-compression refrigeration system is provided. The compressor-pump unit comprises a driving device including a rotatable shaft. A compressor is coupled with a first portion of the shaft for compressing gaseous refrigerant within the vapor-compression refrigeration system. A liquid pump is coupled with a second portion of the shaft for receiving liquid refrigerant having a first pressure and for discharging the received liquid refrigerant at a second pressure with the second pressure being higher than the first pressure by a predetermined amount such that the discharged liquid refrigerant is subcooled. A pre-cooling circuit is connected to the liquid pump with the pre-cooling circuit being exposed to the gaseous refrigerant whereby the gaseous refrigerant absorbs heat from the liquid refrigerant, prior to the liquid refrigerant entering the liquid pump.

Abstract: A motor vehicle has an air conditioning installation which also serves for heating the cabin of the vehicle. In the heating mode, the refrigerant fluid in the air conditioning circuit flows in a bypass branch which bypasses the condenser. The evaporator therefore receives the fluid in the gaseous state, and acts as a heat exchanger for dissipating the heat produced by the compressor. The heat dissipated by the evaporator can be used for heating the cabin when the heat produced by the engine of the vehicle is insufficient, and means are provided for adjusting, according to demand, the quantity of fluid contained in the heating loop of the circuit, by drawing fluid from, or passing fluid into, the branch (2) of the circuit which contains the condenser.

Abstract: A food preservation refrigerator such as an upright refrigerator or a chest freezer comprises at least one food preservation compartment on which at least one corresponding closure member is provided, said refrigerator comprising a refrigeration circuit, driver means for controlling the operation of this latter and means for controlling the operation of any accessory user items provided in the refrigerator, such as an ice producer, ice cream maker or the like, said control means being associated with a user interface; this latter is positioned on the closure member. Remote connection means are provided to enable said driver means positioned on the user interface to control the various refrigerator components.

Abstract: An arrangement and a method for controlling a compressor of an airconditioning arrangement for a motor vehicle, whereby the compressor is optionally driven through activation of a clutch arrangement. The compressor has an input shaft which, via a first wobble plate, acts through bearing elements on a second wobble plate. The second wobble plate is arranged to transmit a wobbling motion designed to drive pistons of a number of compressor units of the piston and cylinder type. A control circuit is designed for brief activation of the clutch arrangement at selected times to cause periodic movement of the bearing elements. The control circuit may be activated by the vehicle starter motor, the reverse gear or a timing circuit.

Abstract: An aqua-ammonia absorption heating and/or cooling apparatus uses a thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) and a temperature-sensing bulb for controlling refrigerant flow to the evaporator having a bulb charge composition comprising a mixture of propane and butane, or an ammonia-water mixture having over 70% ammonia, by weight.

Abstract: A vehicular cooling system and a related method are disclosed as including a heat-source heat radiator 11 for cyclically supplying coolant water to a heat source 1 for cooling the same, and a moistening-water-condenser heat radiator 19 for cyclically supplying coolant water to and cooling a moistening-water recapturing condenser 5 which condenses and recaptures water from exhaust gases of the fuel cell 1 for moistening the same.

Abstract: An air flow controlling device for refrigerators and freezers, comprising an evaporator (3) in selective fluid communication with at least two air flow heating environments (1, 2, 4), said device comprising an inlet nozzle (12) in fluid communication with a respective airflow heating environment (1, 2, 4), and an outlet nozzle (13) in fluid communication with the evaporator (3), and a respective obturator (20), which is operatively associated with the inlet and outlet nozzles (12, 13) and displaceable between opening and closing positions, respectively permitting and blocking the fluid communication between said inlet and outlet nozzles (12, 13).

Abstract: A pressure equalization method and system is provided for starting a compressor while maintaining the compressor at a high pressure and comprises a valve and a bleed port. The compressor has a compressor inlet for receiving a fluid at a first pressure and a compressor outlet for discharging the fluid at a second pressure, and is operable to compress the fluid from the first pressure to the second pressure. The valve is proximate to and in fluid communication with the compressor outlet and is movable to an open position when the compressor is operating to allow the fluid at the second pressure to flow through the valve and is movable to a closed position when the compressor stops operating to prevent backflow of the fluid at the second pressure through the valve toward the compressor inlet. The bleed port is upstream of the valve and in fluid communication with the compressor inlet to equalize the pressure of the fluid contained in the compressor when the compressor stops operating.

Abstract: In a method for driving an output stage by pulse-width modulation, which driving serves to supply a unit cooling the output stage during operation, at a higher temperature of the output stage a style of driving is performed which results in a low power loss in the output stage. At a lower temperature of the output stage driving is performed in such a way that the power loss is higher.

Abstract: A cogeneration system in which cold is generated by recovering exhaust heat of a gas turbine for driving a generator to drive a refrigerating machine, and the cold is used for cooling intake air for the gas turbine and as a cold heat source for an air conditioner, wherein there are provided a thermal storage tank for storing the cold generated by the refrigerating machine and an electric energy storage equipment for storing electric energy generated by the generator; and cooling of the intake air for the gas turbine, thermal storage, and electric energy storage are controlled in relation to the load of the air conditioner and the electric power load of the generator.

Abstract: In an ejector cycle system, hot gas refrigerant discharged from a compressor is introduced into an evaporator through a bypass passage while bypassing an ejector and a gas-liquid separator in a defrosting operation for defrosting frost generated on the evaporator. In addition, a throttle or a check valve is provided in a refrigerant passage from the gas-liquid separator to a refrigerant inlet side of the evaporator. Accordingly, in the defrosting operation, the hot gas refrigerant from the compressor can be accurately introduced into the evaporator through the bypass passage without flowing toward the gas-liquid separator.

Abstract: An air conditioning system includes an air duct, an air conditioning unit in which condensation forms and a condensation drain outlet. A drain system includes a fitting having a first tube, a second tube and a third tube joined together at a common intersection. A water drain line communicates the first tube with the drain outlet. An air line communicates pressurized air from the air duct to the second tube. The third tube is communicated with the environment. The second and third tubes are oriented so that air and condensed water flow away from the intersection and through and out of the third tube. Preferably, the third tube has a down stream end which is not above its upstream end, and the first tube has a down stream end which is not above its upstream end. The tubes may form a T-shaped or a Y-shaped fitting.

Abstract: Heat exchange is performed between a discharge side refrigerant and a suction side refrigerant also at the time of a heating operation. By this, a liquid phase refrigerant containing lubricating oil in the suction side refrigerant is heated by the discharge side refrigerant, and the liquid phase refrigerant is vaporized also at the time of the heating operation, so that the amount of the liquid phase refrigerant sucked into a compressor is decreased. Accordingly, the increase of compression work of the compressor is prevented, and an opening area of an oil return hole can be expanded to such a degree that an optimum amount of lubricating oil is attained at the time of the heating operation.