Abstract: The linear puffer includes (a) at least one smoking cylinder having an inlet and outlet side and a flow-through passage between said sides; (b) holder means operatively connected to the inlet side of the smoking cylinder for holding a suction end of a smoking article; (c) a piston located within the flow-through passage of the smoking cylinder; (d) a push bar connected to the outlet side; (e) a linear actuator connected to the push bar; and (f) activating means operatively connected to said linear actuator.

Abstract: A smoking article is manufactured through supplying a tobacco filler material onto a tobacco wrapping paper sheet that is transferred, wrapping the tobacco filler material supplied onto the tobacco wrapping paper sheet with the tobacco wrapping paper sheet so as to prepare a rod body, and cutting the rod body into a plurality of tobacco rods each having a prescribed length. The tobacco filler material contains at least 20% by weight of expanded tobacco material. The tobacco wrapping paper sheet is coated with the burn adjusting agent during transfer of the tobacco wrapping paper sheet.

Abstract: A device and tool (15) are provided for capturing, rolling and securing hair. The device includes two rods, to which multiplicities of loops are attached, and a styling rod intended to hook and pull loops through hair. The two rods are fastened together around hair, securing hair between them (3, 4). Device is pulled away from head (5), and hair rolled around rods until a hair roll is formed and touching head (6). Styling rod is inserted upward between hair roll and scalp, and pushed upward (7). A loop is pulled through the hair using the styling rod, and said loop is fastened to the top & the bottom of the hair device (7, 8). This creates an attractive and secure hairstyle (9, 10), with the main point being that the hair device cannot be seen under, around, or in the hairstyle (9, 10).

Abstract: An integrated hot air hair styling device with a hair care segment or a hair care segment attachable to a hair dryer is disclosed. The hair care segment has the following sections: Two articulated arms having substantially complementary facing surfaces forming a first hair styling gap. A flow channel for conducting the air stream from the hot air blower to the hair care segment and into at least one of the arms. Air escape openings connected with flow channel(s) in the arm(s). A curved outer surface on an arm with air escape openings. A hair styling finger with a complementarily curved surface is pivotably mounted to the arm with the curved surface, and extends longitudinally with this arm, forming a second hair styling gap between this arm and the hair styling finger. A brush attachment can be placed over both of arms, with air escape openings between its bristles.

Abstract: A method of storing a cosmetic capable of retrieving and storing a make up set and the cosmetic from a case by a single hand operation, characterized in that the cosmetic is stored in a covered tubular case so as to be retrieved and stored and locked to the tubular case when projected and stored by the single hand operation, and the cover of the tubular case is opened when the cosmetic is projected and closed when the cosmetic is stored.

Abstract: A hand-worn cleaning cloth dimensioned to be secured around a dorsal surface of a hand in order to permit the dorsal surface of the hand to clean glass surfaces with the cloth secured about the hand.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for drying substrates. The inventive apparatus comprises: an object support member for supporting at least one substrate in a process tank having one or more support sections comprising capillary material. The inventive method is a method of removing liquid from a wet substrate in a process tank comprising contacting the wet substrate with capillary material. In another aspect, the invention is a method of drying at least one substrate having a surface in a process tank comprising: submerging the substrate in a liquid having a liquid level; supporting the submerged substrates in the process tank; supplying a drying vapor above the liquid level; lowering the liquid level or raising the substrate so that the liquid level is below the substrate, thereby removing a major portion of liquid from the substrate surface; and removing remaining liquid from the substrate surface with capillary material.

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning a semiconductor wafer includes a cleaning reaction chamber wherein the cleaning process is performed in a closed state, a wafer conveyor having wafer supporters for loading semiconductor onto a loading unit within the reaction chamber, at least one cleaning gas supply unit for supplying at least one cleaning solution in a vapor state into the reaction chamber, a water vaporizing unit for supplying vapor onto the semiconductor wafers, an ozone supply unit for supplying ozone gas into the reaction chamber, and a reaction gas exhaustion unit connected to the reaction chamber in order to exhaust the cleaning gas from the reaction chamber. The cleaning of the semiconductor wafers by adding cleaning gas and ozone gas into a reaction chamber easily removes any remaining photoresist that formed on the semiconductor wafers and any other contaminates from pre-processes.

Abstract: A pressure sensing method of detect the end point in a gas cleanup reaction for removing a deposited coating on the interior wall of a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition furnace. The method includes passing a reactive gas into the low-pressure chemical vapor deposition furnace and monitoring a gas pressure inside the furnace. A control factor is varied so that gas pressure inside the furnace remains constant. The degree of variation of the control factor when thickness of the coating is reduced to an acceptable level is set as an end point value. The passage of reactive gas into the low-pressure chemical vapor deposition furnace is stopped as soon as the control factor reaches the end point value.

Abstract: A vehicle loading system for the wash bay of an automatic vehicle wash system that eliminates the use of a floor-mounted target to capture the front tire of the vehicle to be washed. The vehicle wash system includes a pair of side position sensors that detect and create a side profile of the vehicle as the vehicle enters into the wash bay. The vehicle wash system includes a front sensor array that includes a plurality of through-beam sensors that detect the front bumper of a vehicle and signal the vehicle operator to stop when the front bumper is in the correct position. An overhead sensor contained on the overhead gantry detects the top profile of the vehicle positioned within the open wash bay. A control unit receives the information from the variety of sensors and operates the overhead gantry based upon the detected parameters of the vehicle.

Abstract: An apparatus for wet cleaning or etching of flat substrates comprising a tank with an inlet opening and outlet opening for said substrates. Said tank contains a cleaning liquid and is installed in a gaseous environment. At least one of the openings is a slice in a sidewall of the tank and is present below the liquid-surface. In the tank there may be a portion above the liquid filled with a gas with a pressure being lower than the pressure within said environment. The method comprises the step of transferring a substrate through the cleaning or etching liquid at a level underneath the surface of said liquid making use of said apparatus.

Abstract: A method for en masse cleaning of thin polarizing glass devices involving the steps of using a cleaning vessel possessing a vertical side wall, and a porous shelf attached to the vertical side wall to form a cavity for receiving a plurality of the thin polarizing glass devices and, exposing the cleaning vessel containing the thin polarizing glass devices to washing, rinsing, drying steps to remove organic and inorganic matter from the surfaces of the polarizing glass devices.

Abstract: Within the foodstuffs, the pharmaceutical and corresponding industries, it is of the utmost importance that the insides of tanks and the equipment existing herein can be held completely clean without the risk of undesired bacterial growth, cross-contamination etc. Equipment for the cleaning of tanks comprises a submerged pipe with a nozzle head mounted on the bottom, through which nozzles cleaning fluid is sprayed from below and upwards, while at the same time the nozzles are rotated and turned around inside the tank. In order to ensure an effective cleaning of this submerged equipment, according to the invention this equipment is configured so that cleaning fluid is constantly led out over the pipe (7) which extends down into the tank.

Abstract: The abstract of the disclosure of this new and improved variable weighted and adjustable therapeutic cane is to provide an improved method to allow elderly and/or disabled people to administer self-rehabilitation through the use of a variable weighted cane that will restore muscles strength with each and every step taken. The new and improved variable weighted and height adjustable therapeutic cane will also assist and elderly person to identify space due to the initial weight and color of the therapeutic cane.

Abstract: A telescopic cover (10) for areas, such as tennis courts, swimming pools, vehicle bodies or trailers, sheds and the like, comprises a plurality of cover elements (12a, 12b) provided with slidable supporting feet (21, 23 . . . ) on two opposite sides thereof. At one collecting end there are on each lateral side guides with two inclined runways, to allow superimposed disposition of the cover elements in the retracted condition, whilst along the longitudinal runway (along the sides of the area to be covered) the track is single and can consist of any sufficiently flat supporting surface. In the extended condition, each proximal or rear element (12b) rests with one distal or front edge (12b) thereof on the distal element or the one immediately in front (28b), and with a rear edge thereof, through the supporting feet, on the track.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for creating temperature differences in columns of gases, liquids or solids in a closed system under the influence of gravity is used to provide energy in the form of electricity or heat. A temperature differential element, optionally a solid, liquid or gas, is suspended vertically in a chamber inside an enclosure. The chamber optionally is either evacuated, filled with fibers, powder or small spheres, or otherwise arranged to minimize the effects of convection currents and radiation. Under the effect of gravity, the upper end of the temperature differential element becomes cooler than the lower end. A thermocouple can be used to generate electrical energy from the temperature difference between a vertical segment, for example the upper and lower ends, of the temperature differential element, or heat exchangers used to extract heat.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell or other optoelectronic device having a wide-bandgap semiconductor used in the window layer. This wider bandgap is achieved by using a semiconductor composition that is not lattice-matched to the cell layer directly beneath it and/or to the growth substrate. The wider bandgap of the window layer increases the transmission of short wavelength light into the emitter and base layers of the photovoltaic cell. This in turn increases the current generation in the photovoltaic cell. Additionally, the wider bandgap of the lattice mismatched window layer inhibits minority carrier injection and recombination in the window layer.

Abstract: A dye-sensitized solar cell including a polymer electrolyte gel having a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) polymer is provided. The dye-sensitized solar cell includes a semiconductor electrode, an opposed electrode, and a polymer electrolyte gel interposed between the semiconductor electrode and the opposed electrode while including poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) polymer or the copolymer thereof. Here, the polymer electrolyte gel is formed of a N-methy-2-pyrrolidone solvent or a 3-methoxypropionitrile (MP) solvent and the PVDF polymer or the copolymer thereof which is dissolved in the solvent to a predetermined amount.

Abstract: Regulator for precision control of pressure based on a means of measuring pressure differentials. More specifically, the present invention provides a pressure control that tracks a relatively high background pressure, and applies a positive or negative offset to create the small pressure differentials that can be utilized to transport fluids within a capillary network. The present invention is also directed to a method of controlling microfluidic elements (such as donut cavities) with a high degree of precision. In high performance liquid chromatography applications, this is accomplished using tracking pressure regulators to measure and respond to the difference between the liquid pump pressure and the regulated pneumatic pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to relates an airless oil header, and more especially to an oil airless sucking machine that has feathers of control easy and smaller volume for carryover, and can suit to any size oil container. The present invention has a three-way T-shaped nozzle carrier, which has a radial valve through-hole built as a valve buckle for a control valve cock fitting in so as to construct a control valve, a non-home switch handle snaps on the long tenons of said valve cock for spinning together, and by means of the friction force between a couple of O-rings located approaching the both ends of said valve cock and said valve buckle, said non-home switch can be kept in any position as turning for cut-in or off processes without needing to be held all the time during running. On the other hand, by the design of the dividable joint structure of said cap and the nozzle carrier, it makes change different size oil tanks for suiting to working on different gear box become true and easy and facility.

Abstract: An air bag inflation device comprises a main portion and a check valve; the main portion containing a partition provided with an insertion hole; a U-shaped air ventilation cut surrounding the insertion hole; a positioning bit extending from the opening of the U-shaped cut; a press at between the insertion hole and the ventilation cut opposite to the positioning bit; the check valve having a closing diaphragm, an insertion section provided on one side of the closing diaphragm; the insertion section connected to a caulking section having a conic terminal and in a diameter larger than that of the insertion section; and an extension section connected to the caulking section; the check valve being inserted through the insertion hole in the main portion for the closing diaphragm to cover up the air ventilation port.

Abstract: A delivery control device, intended to allow the control of the supply to several hydraulic apparatuses to achieve activation of these individually or in various combinations, including a pair of shutter plates, one fixed and one moveable, of which the fixed shutter plate offers a central inlet passage aperture and several peripheral delivery passage apertures, each of these having essentially the form of a sector of a circle and all of them together occupying no more than one third of the circle of the peripheral region of the fixed shutter plate, while the moveable shutter plate offers a central inlet passage aperture, a single peripheral delivery passage aperture, of a form which essentially corresponds to that of one of the delivery passage apertures of the fixed shutter plate and, in a position at least approximately diametrically opposite to this single delivery passage aperture, a collective delivery passage aperture of a form which essentially corresponds to the whole form of two or more delivery pass

Abstract: A fuel flow regulating valve installable on a fuel flow line between a fuel flow inlet and a fuel flow outlet and movable between an open position in which it allows a continuous flow of fuel from the fuel flow inlet to the fuel flow outlet through the line and a closed position in which it interrupts the flow of fuel, an electromagnetic actuator connected with the regulating valve and actuating the latter so as to adjust an opening degree of the regulating valve, and a control unit for controlling the electromagnetic actuator in dependence on at least one parameter of the fuel flow so as to correspondingly adjust the opening degree of the regulating valve.

Abstract: A fluid flow regulator having a chamber comprising a port opening and a tapered pin disposed within the opening, for controllably restricting the cross-sectional flow area through the port. The tapered pin moves relative to the bore of the port that it is disposed in, under the influence of a pressure responsive diaphragm. A spring biases the pin towards the diaphragm. The diaphragm's movement is unaffected by any misalignment of the diaphragm with respect to the tapered pin and port, and the tapered pin's movement is unaffected by any diaphragm movement not in line with the port.

Abstract: A quick-connect coupling includes a male half and a female half, where the female half includes a locking mechanism to couple the male half to the female half; and a valve assembly, which when the male half is coupled to the female half, opens a flow path through the coupling. The valve assembly includes an upstream, pressure balanced secondary valve and a downstream primary valve. The secondary valve maintains the downstream portion of the female coupling half at zero pressure, such that the male half can be easily connected. When the male half is removed, the primary and secondary valves of the valve assembly close to prevent fluid flow through the coupling. The female coupling also allows pressure to escape from the downstream end of the female half to atmosphere, should there be leakage around seals in the secondary valve after the female coupling half is disconnected.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a switching valve for ion water generator that makes it possible to discharge the same species of ion water through a specific faucet despite the conversion of the polarity of chambers in electrolyzers. The switching valve device comprises a valve body with a double-headed drum pinched in at the middle for switching a pair of outflow openings to the discharging channels, a solenoid housing for exerting a magnetic force on the iron core formed at the valve body.

Abstract: A capillary reactor distribution device comprising first and second capillary pathways (2, 3) which meet at a junction (5) and a third capillary pathway (4) which leads away from the junction (5), the capillary pathways (2, 3, 4) being dimensioned such that, when first and second immiscible fluids (14, 15) are fed along respectively the first and second capillary pathways (2, 3) under predetermined laminar flow conditions, the first and second fluids (14, 15) chop each other into discrete slugs (16, 17) which pass along the third capillary pathway (4). Molecular mixing between the fluids (14, 15) takes place by way of axial diffusion between adjacent slugs (16, 17) and by way of internal circulation within each slug (16, 17) as the slugs (16, 17) progress along the third capillary pathway (4).

Abstract: An modular manifold system is provided for interconnecting fluid components of a fluid system in a reduced area. The system is comprised of a one or more bridge fittings having an internal fluid passageway which has an inlet end in fluid communication with an outlet port of a first fluid component, and an outlet end in fluid communication with an inlet port of a second fluid component. The bridge fittings may be mounted within a channel of a backing plate for structural support. An optional locator plate may be utilized which is mounted over the ends of the bridge fittings in order to align the inlet and outlet ports of the fluid components with the inlet and outlet ends of the bridge fittings. The bridge fittings may also be mounted to the locator plate in multiple directions forming multiple flow paths. Additionally, the bridge fittings may be stacked to form multiple layers where bridge fittings of one layer may be in fluid communication with bridge fittings of another layer.

Abstract: An improved coiled air brake tubing is formed from a nylon polyurethane laminate. The laminate includes an innermost nylon layer surrounded with a thick intermediate polyurethane layer in turn covered with an outermost thin nylon layer. The polyurethane layer is fiber reinforced. The product is extruded and coiled around a heated mandril causing it to assume a coiled set. This exhibits improved low temperature properties and is less expensive than a nylon product.

Abstract: A carpet weaving loom comprises one or more tuft forming units (1), each of which is capable of supplying yarn tufts (26) of a number of different colours to a number of different weaving points sequentially. The or each of the tuft forming units (1) includes a demountable yarn carrier (2). In this way, when it is required to change the design of carpet being woven, or the creel (3) is exhausted, the or each yarn carrier (2) is simply replaced by another fed from a different creel (3). Preferably the creel (3) associated with the or each set of yarn carriers is itself removable from the remainder (6) of the loom and replaceable with the yarn carriers (2).

Abstract: This invention relates to a heddle formed in a metal band or strip which comprises an eyelet for passage of a warp yarn and presents, over substantially the whole of a zone included between this eyelet and a first end by which it is connected to a drive means, a cross-section substantially in the shape of a Z, with two branches substantially parallel to each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a weft yarn feeding device F in a yarn processing system, comprising, in addition to the feeding device, a power look L which consumes weft yarn Y on operation, whereby a run-signal is generated by the power loom which initialises the start-up of the weaving operation. The run-signal also is transmitted to the feeding device, essentially simultaneously with a start-signal X, generated externally of the feeding device. The drive motor M of the feeding device is driven at a predetermined speed, after emission of the external start-signal X in order to prevent an undesired reduction of the size of a yarn store 13 by the initial consumption demand of the start-up of the weaving operation of the power loom. A signal transmitting connection 19, 19′ is provided in the yarn processing system between the power loom L and a control unit C1 of the feeding device F for transmitting a start-signal X which is derived from the run-signal of the power loom.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for twisting and tightening a wire with a free end portion around at least two objects, e.g. iron bars for reinforced concrete, for binding the objects together. The method and apparatus enables a tighter and stronger binding to be performed even by means of a portable device and with the use of less binding wire than required by conventional devices.

Abstract: The method of packaging a receptacle (2) with a product comprising different miscible ingredients comprises the steps of filling the receptacles (2) in part with a first portion of the ingredients in a first filling unit (4) comprising a series of filling stations (5), of transferring the receptacles to at least one second filling unit likewise comprising a series of filling stations (9), and of successively finishing off the filling of the receptacles with the remainder of the ingredients.

Abstract: This gas supply apparatus supplies a gas by vaporizing a liquefied gas filled in a gas container. This apparatus includes an installation stand having an upper surface on which the gas container is placed; at least one nozzle which discharges a beating medium towards a bottom surface of the gas container and is provided in a hole formed in the installation stand; and a heating medium discharge path which discharges the heating medium from a space between the bottom surface of the gas container and the upper surface of the installation stand.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is an operating coupling for controlling the operation of the gripping devices (4,5) of a loader harvester bulk handling device. In the operating coupling according to the invention, the coupling of the valve (18) with the operating device of the loader harvester's cross-cutting device, and with the tilting mechanism of the tilting frame, is arranged to operate in conjunction with the cutting device and felling so that the gripping devices (4 and 5) are normally in the closed position. The gripping devices are arranged, at least in the felling position, to always open when the guide bar or equivalent cutting device is operating or when the harvester head turns to the delimbing position, and to close immediately after the operation in question.

Abstract: A stump cutter includes a rotary drum, holders mounted on the drum, and cutting bits mounted in respective bores of each holder for rotation relative thereto. Each cutting bit includes a shank having a pocket formed in a front end thereof in which the cutting tip is brazed, wherein an outer lip of the shank tightly grips an outer side surface of the cutting tip with a thermal shrink fit. The cutting tip includes a circular cutting edge formed by the intersection between portions of the front surface and side surface of the cutting tip, which surface portions intersect at a ninety degree angle. The front surface of the cutting tip includes raised radial ribs spaced circumferentially therearound for inducing rotation of the cutting bit during a cutting operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for recovery of branch knot wood and/or normal wood from oversize chips, and according to the invention the oversize chips are ground to splinter, which then is dried and mixed with water, and then the sedimented splinter containing high concentrations of extractive substances and having a high specific weight is recovered and extracted in order to recover valuable extractive substances, particularly lignans. The lighter splinter floating up to the water surface is recovered in order to recover normal wood material for the pulp production.

Abstract: A saw mill includes a base frame having a front and a rear and being sized and configured to support a log; saw apparatus having a cutting blade and being connected with the base frame for horizontal movement in a cutting stroke from a start position near the front of the base frame to an end position near the rear of the base frame and in a return stroke back to the front of the base frame and being for cutting in a generally horizontal plane a board from the log; power apparatus for powering the saw apparatus; at least one pushback arm connected to the saw apparatus and being sized and configured to engage and eject the board from atop the log during the return stroke; and, a board guide apparatus extending generally forwardly from the saw apparatus and including a crossbar and plurality of fingers connected with the crossbar and positioned to engage and guide the board in a desired path as it is being ejected from the log, each finger including an upper link connected to the crossbar and a lower link hinge

Abstract: A process for heat treating metal workpieces, especially for the combined carburizing, boriding and hardening of ferrous products, contains with respect to an efficient process control the following successive operations following directly one after the other:

Abstract: A process for preparing a treated magnesium and/or magnesium alloy component comprising (A) treating the magnesium and/or magnesium alloy component with a surface treating agent containing a phosphate,

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a conversion coating composition comprising chromium (III) ions, cobalt (II) ions, and nitric acid is provided. The coating composition is substantially free of chromium (VI) ions and substantially free of an oxidizing agent. The present trivalent chromium based conversion coating provides corrosion protection equal to or greater than most hexavalent chromium conversion coatings.

Abstract: The permanent magnetic alloy of the present invention comprises an R—Fe—B alloy wherein R is at least one element selected from rare earth elements including Y. The R—Fe—B alloy has a composition mainly comprising Fe, substantially containing no N, and containing 4 at. % or more of B. The permanent magnetic alloy substantially comprises a TbCu7 hard magnetic phase (main phase) and a fine crystal having an average crystal grain size of less than 5 nm and/or an amorphous phase, and has high magnetic properties.

Abstract: A steel strip or sheet steel having good cold formability and high-strength is described, comprising a light steel having (in weight-percent) C: ≦1.00%, Mn: 7.00-30.00%, Al: 1.00-10.00%, Si: >2.50-8.00%, Al+Si: >3.50-12.00%, B: >0.00-<0.01%, as well as alternately Ni: <8.00%, Cu: <3.00%, N: <0.60%, Nb: <0.30%, Ti: <0.30%, V: <0.30%, P: <0.01%, with the remainder iron and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: Aluminium-magnesium alloy in the form of a rolled product or an extrusion, having the following composition in weight percent: 1 Mg >3.0-4.5 Mn   0.4-1.2 Zn   0.4-1.7 Zr   0.05-0.25 Cr   0.3 max. Ti   0.2 max. V   0.2 max. Li   0.5 max. Sc   0.5 max. Fe   0.5 max. Si   0.5 max. Cu   0.15 max. Ag   0.4 max. others (each) max. 0.05 (total) max. 0.15 balance aluminium.

Abstract: The invention provides a steel pipe being superior in workability, particularly in bending workability, in which an r-value in the axial direction of the pipe in a portion where melting or transformation of a steel material has occurred during seam welding is as high as comparable to that in a portion where melting or transformation of the steel material has not occurred, and a method of producing the steel pipe. In the high-workability steel pipe, an r-value in the longitudinal direction is not less than 1.2, more preferably not less than 1.6, over an entire area in the circumferential direction, including a seamed portion. The steel pipe is produced by a method comprising the step of performing diameter-reducing rolling on a steel pipe in a temperature range of from 600° C.

Abstract: In a process of hot dip coating of metal strips, in particular, of a hot rolled steel strip, in which the metal strip is transformed into a continuous strip in an unwinding station with an adjoining welding machine, and then the continuous strip is subjected to a downstream modifying process including primary and secondary prickling and, in the final treatment step; in the hot dip coating section, guiding the continuous strip through a melt bath, a variable coating process with reduced costs becomes possible when the continuous strip, in a first treatment step, is directly transported into a pickling installation. In a suitable installation for effecting the process, the primary pickling installation is located in the entry section which is separated from the hot dip coating section by an entry accumulator.

Abstract: The invention is a method for manufacturing a steerable catheter having a distal end, proximal end, an outer jacket, a pull wire and a central lumen. The central lumen is maintained in a circular shape without bulges diminishing the useful inter-diameter by using an outer jacket with an elliptical shape and uneven thickness to encase a pull wire. The pull wire friction is also reduced by using one wire of larger diameter to create the lumen for the pull wire of smaller diameter, thus reducing the friction on the pull wire and reducing the locking of the catheter body around the pull wire at bends preventing movement of the pull wire. The distal end of the catheter also has a smooth tip due to heat treating of steel wire braid reinforcement that does not require the addition of bulge forming additional material to control tip shape.

Abstract: A turbine rotor material, that has sufficient corrosion resistance and stress corrosion cracking resistance and appropriate strength and toughness in a good balance, and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The turbine rotor material is a 12Cr alloy steel that contains: C of 0.01 to 0.10%, Si of 0.01 to 0.50%, Mn of 0.1 to 1.0%, Cr of 9 to 13%, Ni of 2 to 7%, Mo of 0.3 to 3%, N of 0.01 to 0.10%, all in weight percent, and remains of Fe and incidental impurities.

Abstract: A tough high strength heavy wall steel material having superior weldability is provided, said steel material has a diameter or a side 5 mm or more in length, and comprises oxides 1 &mgr;m or less in particle diameter homogeneously dispersed at a dispersion density in a range of from 10,000 to 100,000 particles/mm2 and uniform ferrite grains 2 &mgr;m or less in grain diameter formed over the entire plane making a right angle with respect to the rolling direction.