Patents Issued in August 14, 2003
  • Publication number: 20030152841
    Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing atomic and molecular nano-deposition by means of atomic or molecular focusing through a plurality of optical standing waves. A stacked set of standing light waves, preferably arranged as gratings in a predetermined form and of predetermined intensities, is used to sequentially compress or squeeze the width of the incident atomic or molecular beam into ultra-narrow, spatially localized spots or lines. The result is a focused beam of particles with improved resolution compared with prior art atomic focusing. Furthermore, spherical and chromatic aberrational effects can be reduced.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 3, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: YEDA RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CO. LTD.
    Inventor: Eliyahu Averbukh
  • Publication number: 20030152842
    Abstract: Disclosed is a photopolymerizable holographic recording medium for data storage that comprises colloidal metal, and which exhibits a threshold for a second stage polymerization which is substantially insensitive to the light used for both forming holograms and interrogating the medium during servo and/or read events. Also disclosed is a method of preparing said photopolymerizable holographic recording medium. Also disclosed is a method for preparing a colloidal without additives in a viscous medium.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 20, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: Aprilis, Inc.
    Inventors: Erdem A. Cetin, Richard T. Ingwall, Richard A. Minns, David A. Waldman, Larry C. Takiff
  • Publication number: 20030152843
    Abstract: In one embodiment, a spacing is determined for each edge of a number of features in a photolithographic design. The edges have at least a partially predictable layout. Based on the spacing and the predictable layout, a bridge structure is generated. Each bridge of the bridge structure connects one of the edges to an edge of a neighboring feature. Then, the features and the bridge structure are provided for a phase assignment. The phase assignment assigns features at opposite ends of each bridge in the bridge structure to opposite phases. In another embodiment, a sub-resolution assist feature (SRAF) is introduced for an edge of a feature and a bridge is generated from the feature to the SRAF. Then, the feature and the SRAF are assigned to opposite phases based on the relationship defined by the bridge.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 8, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventor: Chih-Hsien Nail Tang
  • Publication number: 20030152844
    Abstract: The invention includes, for example, a radiation patterning tool which can be utilized to form relatively circular contacts in situations in which an array of contacts has a different pitch along a row of the array than along a column of the array. An alternating phase shift can give a well-defined contact in the small pitch (dense) direction. Rim shifters are added in the larger pitch direction to force the circular form of the contact openings. In further aspects of the invention, side-lobe-suppressing patterns can be added between adjacent rims. The invention also includes methods of forming radiation patterning tools.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 5, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventor: H. Daniel Dulman
  • Publication number: 20030152845
    Abstract: A light-block film is formed on a substrate, and a chemically amplified resist film is then formed on the light-block film. The chemically amplified resist film includes a photosensitive acid generator which generates an acid upon irradiation with active light or radiant ray, and mainly contains a first resin that becomes soluble in bases by action of an acid. Next, a protective film is formed on the chemically amplified resist film and thereby yields a mask blank. The protective film is formed by dissolving a second resin and the photosensitive acid generator in a solvent that does not substantially dissolve the chemically amplified resist film, and applying the solution onto the chemically amplified resist film.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 14, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha
    Inventors: Teruhiko Kumada, Atsuko Fujino, Kazuyuki Maetoko
  • Publication number: 20030152846
    Abstract: A photolithographic mask has the advantage that a combination of dummy structures, whose pattern is imaged into the resist layer, and auxiliary structures, whose pattern is not imaged into the resist layer, makes it possible to achieve a significant improvement in the imaging properties of the main structures which are disposed at an edge of a region containing a multiplicity of main structures. In particular, constrictions at the structures can be significantly reduced or completely avoided and/or a so-called “tilting” of the structures under non-optimum focus conditions is significantly reduced or completely avoided.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 29, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Lothar Bauch, Robert Feurle, Ina Voigt, Helmut Wurzer
  • Publication number: 20030152847
    Abstract: Lithographic printing form precursors comprising positive working polymeric coatings on substrates may during storage or transportation undergo undesirable changes in their imaging properties. It has been found that acceptable properties can be restored by carrying out a heat treatment which involves a relatively short heating stage followed by accelerated cooling.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 30, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Maru Aburano, Shoichi Hotate, Shinji Shimizu, Yasuhiko Kojima
  • Publication number: 20030152848
    Abstract: There is a method for manufacturing wafers. In an example embodiment, the method employs a stepper with a reticle, lens, and stage movement parameters that comprise providing a set of intentionally-misaligned calibration wafers with predetermined input corrections, the input corrections accounting for linearity of response and interactions between the reticle, lens and stage movement parameters of the stepper. The stepper is calibrated by using the predetermined input corrections from the set of intentionally misaligned calibration wafers. Using the calibrated stepper, aligned patterns on the wafers are printed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 16, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V.
    Inventors: Pierre Leroux, David H. Ziger
  • Publication number: 20030152849
    Abstract: This invention relates to an electrophoretic display or a liquid crystal display and novel processes for its manufacture. The electrophoretic display (EPD) of the present invention comprises microcups of well-defined shape, size and aspect ratio and the microcups are filled with charged pigment particles dispersed in an optically contrasting dielectric solvent. The liquid crystal display (LCD) of this invention comprises well-defined microcups filled with at least a liquid crystal composition having its ordinary refractive index matched to that of the isotropic cup material. A novel roll-to-roll process and apparatus of the invention permits the display manufacture to be carried out continuously by a synchronized photo-lithographic process.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 13, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Mary Chan-Park, Xianhai Chen, Zarng-Arh George Wu, Xiaojia Wang, Hong-Mei Zang, Rong-Chang Liang
  • Publication number: 20030152850
    Abstract: Methods are provided for determining bias of pattern elements of a pattern to be defined on a reticle for use in charged-particle-beam microlithography. The pattern elements, as defined on the reticle, are biased as required to reconfigure the pattern elements sufficiently to offset the proximity effect when the reconfigured pattern elements are projected onto and imprinted in a layer of resist on a lithographic substrate. The subject methods involve subregion-approximation to reduce calculation time while producing bias data that achieves pattern-transfer results that are sufficiently similar to as-designed ideal results of pattern-transfer accuracy and fidelity. For example, within a first subregion of the pattern the backscatter is different at each pattern-element location than in a second subregion.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 6, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: Nikon Corporation
    Inventor: Koichi Kamijo
  • Publication number: 20030152851
    Abstract: A system for instructing allocation of a plurality of exposure units, having a selector configured to select a first exposure unit to be employed in a process of forming a first exposure pattern on an objective substrate among the exposure units, a mix-and-match unit configured to compute overlay correction values for canceling differences in stage and lens characteristics between the first exposure unit and a second exposure unit that is employed in a process of forming a second exposure pattern on the objective substrate, an allocation commander configured to instruct to allocate the first exposure unit for the objective substrate prior to another substrate scheduled for the first exposure unit, and a storage unit configured to store data concerning the stage and lens characteristics.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 11, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
    Inventor: Makoto Ikeda
  • Publication number: 20030152852
    Abstract: A color image forming method in which a color toner image is formed through superposing toner images of three color toners of yellow, magenta, and cyan and a black toner, wherein any one of the color toners is a flattened toner composed of particles each having an equivalent circle diameter d of 5 to 10 (&mgr;m) when viewed from a direction to make a projection area maximum, a thickness t of 1 to 4 (&mgr;m), and a flattening ratio d/t of 2 to 8 represented by a ratio of the equivalent circle diameter d to the thickness t, and the flattening ratio d/t of the particles of the color toners is larger than the flattening ratio dk/tK of the particles of the black toner.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 14, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Kunio Shigeta, Yotaro Sato, Satoshi Haneda
  • Publication number: 20030152853
    Abstract: A full color image forming method including the steps of developing an electrostatic latent image formed on an image bearing member with a color toner to form a color toner image thereon; first transferring the color developer including a color toner image onto an endless intermediate transfer material while applying a developing bias thereto; repeating the above-mentioned steps a plurality of times using a plurality of different color developers to form a full color toner image on the intermediate transfer material; and second transferring the full color image onto a receiving material, wherein a weight of each of the color toner images formed on the image bearing member is from about 0.4 mg/cm2 to about 1.5 mg/cm2, and each of the color developers has a charge quantity not less than 15 &mgr;C/g in an absolute value, and wherein the following relationship is satisfied with respect to each of the first color toner transferring steps: 5.4×Q1+90 <Vb−V1<5.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 4, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventor: Satoru Miyamoto
  • Publication number: 20030152854
    Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including a photosensitive layer on an electroconductive substrate, wherein nitrate ion is present on the surface of the photosensitive layer in an amount of from 50 to 300 &mgr;g per 1 m2 of the surface of the photosensitive layer when the nitrate ion is determined by an ion chromatographic method. Preferably a material having a fluorine atom and a carbon atom or a fatty acid metal salt such as zinc stearate is further present on the surface of the photosensitive layer such that the F/C ratio is from 0.05 to 0.5 or the Zn/C ratio is from 0.001 to 0.1. An image forming apparatus using the photoreceptor is also provided.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 28, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Narihito Kojima, Ryuta Takeichi, Akiyo Namiki, Hiroshi Nagame, Yohta Sakon
  • Publication number: 20030152855
    Abstract: An imaging member including at least a support, a charge blocking layer, a charge imaging layer, and an interfacial adhesive layer including at least a copolyester-polycarbonate resin. A process for fabricating the imaging member is also disclosed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 25, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: Xerox Corporation
    Inventors: Stephan V. Drappel, Kathleen M. Carmichael, David J. Maty, John A. Bergfjord
  • Publication number: 20030152856
    Abstract: A toner suitable for use in an image forming method including a contact charging step is provided. The toner includes: toner particles comprising at least a binder resin and a colorant, and fine particles. The fine particles comprise: (i) a tungsten-containing tin oxide, or (ii) base particles, and a tungsten-containing tin compound coating the base particles, the fine particles contain tin (Sn) in a weight ratio (Sn/b) of 0.01 to 2.0 with respect to the base particles (B). In the fine particles, tungsten (W) is contained in a mol ratio (W/Sn) of 0.001 to 0.3 with respect to the tin (Sn).
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 26, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Kiyoshi Mizoe, Tsuyoshi Takiguchi, Fumihiro Arahira, Masanori Ito
  • Publication number: 20030152857
    Abstract: A toner for electrophotography contains a binder resin and a colorant, the toner for electrophotography has a tensile fracture strength of 10-1400 (N/m2) under 10 kg/cm2 compression, and a loose apparent density of 0.10-0.50 (g/cm3).
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 7, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Hideki Sugiura, Satoshi Mochizuki, Kazuhiko Umemura, Yasuo Asahina, Minoru Masuda, Kohsuke Suzuki, Tomomi Tamura, Yasuaki Iwamoto
  • Publication number: 20030152858
    Abstract: A toner for development of an electrostatically charged image, said toner comprising a binder resin, a colorant, a function imparting agent, and a charge control agent, wherein said binder resin at least contains a polyolefin resin having a cyclic structure, said polyolefin resin is composed of a resin or resin fraction having a number average molecular weight (Mn), as measured by GPC, of less than 7,500 and a resin or resin fraction having said number average molecular weight of 7,500 or more, and in said polyolefin resin having a cyclic structure, a resin or resin fraction having an intrinsic viscosity (i.v.) of 0.25 dl/g or more, and a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 7,500 or more and a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 15,000 or more, as measured by the GPC method, is contained in a proportion of less than 50% by weight based on the entire binder resin.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 26, 1999
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: FRANK OSAN, THOMAS WEHRMEISTER, HORST-TORE LAND, TOSHIMI NISHIOKA, JUNICHI FUKUZAWA, TORU NAKAMURA, TAKUYA HOGA, MASAYUKI ARAI, SATOSHI ARAI
  • Publication number: 20030152859
    Abstract: A toner comprising:
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 4, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: RICOH COMPANY, LTD.
    Inventors: Shigeru Emoto, Tsunemi Sugiyama, Hiroshi Yamashita, Shinichiro Yagi, Masami Tomita, Hiroshi Yamada, Naohiro Watanabe, Toshiki Nanya
  • Publication number: 20030152860
    Abstract: A process for forming microcapsules having substantially impermeable microcapsule walls comprising the steps of: forming an emulsion of an internal phase in a continuous aqueous phase, the internal phase including a photosensitive composition and a polyvalent isocyanate, the continuous aqueous phase including a sulfonated polystyrene, at least one of the internal phase or the continuous aqueous phase further including a hydrophilic polymer; and enwrapping particles of the internal phase in an amine-formaldehyde condensation product produced by in situ condensation of an amine and formaldehyde is disclosed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 17, 2000
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Ibrahim Katampe, Joseph C. Camillus
  • Publication number: 20030152861
    Abstract: A composition includes (A) an alkali-soluble resin; and (B) (b-1) a compound of Formula (I): 1
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 26, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: TOKYO OHKA KOGYO CO., LTD.
    Inventors: Mitsuo Hagihara, Toshiaki Tachi, Kenji Maruyama
  • Publication number: 20030152862
    Abstract: Cationic initiator compositions for initiating cationic polymerization which contain a sulfur- or nitrogen-containing initiator, such as a sulfonium salt photoinitiator, and a deodorizing agent are disclosed. The deodorizing agent reduces undesirable odors, such as the organosulfur/mercaptan/thio odor generated by the decomposition of the sulfonium salt initiator upon initiation. The deodorizing agent may be a free radical inhibitor or phenolic compound such as methylether of hydroquinone, toluhydroquinone and hydroquinone. Processes for making and using the composition are also disclosed. The composition has applications in the coating, photoresist, adhesion, graphic arts and sealant arts among others.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 15, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Sue Ellen Williamson, JoAnn Arceneaux
  • Publication number: 20030152863
    Abstract: A photostructurable paste is proposed which is particularly suitable for manufacturing structured resistor layers or printed circuit traces on ceramic blank substrates. In this context, the paste has a light-sensitive organic binder and a filler material, the binder including a polymer, a photoinitiator, an inhibitor for a thermal polymerization, an organic disulfide and an organic solvent. The filler material is a platinum powder, a platinum compound or a mixture of a platinum powder or a platinum compound with a ceramic powder or a ceramic precursor compound.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 30, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Claudio De La Prieta, Thomas Schulte, Uwe Glanz, Petra Kuschel
  • Publication number: 20030152864
    Abstract: There is provided a novel fluorine-containing polymer having an acid-reactive group which has a high transparency against energy rays (radioactive rays) in a vacuum ultraviolet region (157 nm), and further there are provided a material for fluorine-containing base polymer prepared from the polymer and suitable for a photoresist and a chemically amplifying type resist composition obtained therefrom.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 3, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: Daikin Industries, Ltd.
    Inventors: Takayuki Araki, Meiten Koh, Yoshito Tanaka, Takuji Ishikawa, Hirokazu Aoyama, Tetsuo Shimizu
  • Publication number: 20030152865
    Abstract: Disclosed is a novel positive-working chemical-amplification photoresist composition capable of giving an extremely finely patterned resist layer in the manufacturing process of semiconductor devices. The photoresist composition comprises: (A) 100 parts by weight of a copolymeric resin consisting of from 50 to 85% by moles of (a) hydroxyl group-containing styrene units, from 15 to 35% by moles of (b) styrene units and from 2 to 20% by moles of (c) acrylate or methacrylate ester units each having a solubility-reducing group capable of being eliminated in the presence of an acid; and (B) from 1 to 20 parts by weight of a radiation-sensitive acid-generating agent which is an onium salt containing a fluoroalkyl sulfonate ion having 3 to 10 carbon atoms as the anion such as bis(4-tert-butylphenyl) iodonium nonafluorobutane sulfonate.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 21, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Katsumi Oomori, Hiroto Yukawa, Ryusuke Uchida, Kazufumi Sato
  • Publication number: 20030152866
    Abstract: An optical information recording medium which can eliminate the necessity for the initialization process. A crystallization assisted layer (3) comprising a given material is formed over a substrate (1) on one side thereof, and a recording layer (4) comprising a Ge—Sb—Te alloy is formed directly on the layer (3). Since the recording layer (4) crystallizes immediately after film formation, no initialization process is necessary for the optical information recording medium obtained. Examples of the material of the crystallization assisted layer firstly include materials having a face-centered cubic lattice system crystal structure. Examples thereof secondly include tellurium-free materials having a rhombohedral lattice system crystal structure. An especially preferred crystallization assisted layer is a discontinuous island-like film made of a material comprising bismuth and/or a bismuth compound.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 14, 1999
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: SHUICHIRO OGAWA, KEIGO TAKEGUCHI, ATSUSHI FUJII
  • Publication number: 20030152867
    Abstract: A phase change recording medium comprising an as-deposited first recording layer configured to undergo a reversible phase change between an amorphous state and a crystalline state due to light irradiation and thereby change an optical characteristic. The as-deposited first recording layer includes a plurality of fine nuclei having an average size of 0.5 nm to 4 nm in the amorphous state.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 7, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
    Inventors: Katsutaro Ichihara, Sumio Ashida, Keiichiro Yusu, Toshihiko Nagase, Naomasa Nakamura
  • Publication number: 20030152868
    Abstract: Disclosed is a planographic printing plate precursor comprising a support, and provided thereon, an image forming layer, a first outermost layer on the image forming layer side and a second outermost layer on the side of the support opposite the first outermost layer, the first and second outermost layers containing a lubricant component, which is manufactured either by a method comprising the steps of preparing a planographic printing plate precursor comprising a support and provided thereon, an image forming layer so that only the first outermost layer contains a lubricant component and winding the resulting precursor in the roll form, or by a method comprising the steps of preparing a planographic printing plate precursor comprising a support and provided thereon, an image forming layer so that only the second outermost layer contains a lubricant component and winding the resulting precursor in the roll form.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 6, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventor: Saburou Hiraoka
  • Publication number: 20030152869
    Abstract: With the method according to the invention for producing a printing plate, in particular for flexoprinting, a layer of a curable elastomer is applied to a carrier (15) with a cylindrical surface area (26), subsequently the elastomer layer is cured to an essentially cylindrical endless printing form blank and possibly ground to a cylindrical peripheral form or processed otherwise, and afterwards the printing form blank (33) is separated along a line which is essentially parallel to the axial direction of the carrier and the printing plate produced in such a manner
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 13, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Heinz W Lorig, Stephan Lorig
  • Publication number: 20030152870
    Abstract: A polymer based on the reaction of an excess of diisocyanate with saturated polyolefine diols to form an oligomer and further reaction of the oligomer with hydroxyacrylates or hydroxymethacrylates is discussed. The polymer is then blended with ethylenically unsaturated monomers and a photoinitiator to produce a photosensitive composition which is useful in fabricating printing plates.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 19, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: MacDermid Imaging Technology, Inc.
    Inventor: Misty Huang
  • Publication number: 20030152871
    Abstract: A method of forming small features, comprising the following steps. A substrate having a dielectric layer formed thereover is provided. A spacing layer is formed over the dielectric layer. The spacing layer has a thickness equal to the thickness of the small feature to be formed. A patterned, re-flowable masking layer is formed over the spacing layer. The masking layer having a first opening with a width “L”. The patterned, re-flowable masking layer is re-flowed to form a patterned, re-flowed masking layer having a re-flowed first opening with a lower width “1”. The re-flowed first opening lower width “1” being less than the pre-reflowed first opening width “L”. The spacing layer is etched down to the dielectric layer using the patterned, re-flowed masking layer as a mask to form a second opening within the etched spacing layer having a width equal to the re-flowed first opening lower width “1”. Removing the patterned, re-flowed masking layer.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 8, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing Ltd.
    Inventors: Chew-Hoe Ang, Eng Hua Lim, Randall Cha, Jia-Zhen Zheng, Elgin Quek, Mei-Sheng Zhou, Daniel Yen
  • Publication number: 20030152872
    Abstract: The invention provides a microfabrication process which may be used to manufacture a MEMS device. The process comprises depositing one or a stack of layers on a base layer, said one layer or an uppermost layer in said stack of layers being a sacrificial layer; patterning said one or a stack of layers to provide at least one aperture therethrough through which said base layer is exposed; depositing a photosensitive layer over said one or a stack of layers; and passing light through said at least one aperture to expose said photosensitive layer.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 12, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventor: Mark W. Miles
  • Publication number: 20030152873
    Abstract: Provided is a fabrication method of a semiconductor integrated circuit device, which comprises preparing a first mask having a plurality of openings formed in a halftone film which has been deposited over a mask substrate and has a function of reversing the phase of a transmitted light; preparing over said first mask a second mask which is made of a resist film capable of blocking an exposure light and has a resist pattern formed to expose desired opening patterns, among said plurality of opening patterns of said first mask, and a part of said halftone film around said desired opening patterns and to cover the other opening patterns; and transferring the desired patterns onto a photoresist film over a wafer by reduction projection exposure treatment with said second mask. According to the present invention, TAT and in turn, the delivery time of the semiconductor integrated circuit device can be shortened.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 31, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Yasushi Tainaka, Yasuo Sonobe, Mikinori Kawaji
  • Publication number: 20030152874
    Abstract: The invention provides a photoresist stripping composition including (a) an alkanolamine other than those alkanolamines falling under the definition of the below-described component (b); (b) an alkanolamine having in the molecule thereof at least one moiety represented by the following formula (1): 1
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 10, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Hijiri Nakahara, Yukihiko Takeuchi, Ryou Hashimoto, Taketo Maruyama, Hisaki Abe
  • Publication number: 20030152875
    Abstract: The present invention describes a method for preventing a photoresist layer from delaminating, peeling, away from the surface of a substrate that already contains an etched three dimensional structure such as a hole or a trench. The process comprises establishing a saturated vapor phase of the solvent media used to formulate the photoresist layer, above the surface of the coated substrate as the applied photoresist is heated in order to “cure” or drive off the retained solvent constituent within the layer. By controlling the rate and manner in which solvent is removed from the photoresist layer the layer is stabilized and kept from differentially shrinking and peeling away from the substrate.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 12, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Alfredo M. Morales, Marcela Gonzales
  • Publication number: 20030152876
    Abstract: A black-and-white photographic developing composition has improved stability and is more compatible with the environment when discarded. The composition includes one or more ascorbic acid developing agents and is essentially free of hydroquinone and similar developing agents. It comprises a mono- or disaccharide such as ribose, fructose, lactose, glucose or galactose as a stabilizing agent for the developing agent.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 23, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Shirleyanne E. Haye, Janet M. Huston, Jacques Roussilhe
  • Publication number: 20030152877
    Abstract: A photographic element which comprises a support bearing: (i) a first radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion image-forming layer comprising a high bromide tabular grain emulsion including tabular grains having {111} major faces, exhibiting an average thickness of at least 0.07 &mgr;m and an average aspect ratio of at least 2; and (ii) a second radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion image-forming layer comprising an ultrathin tabular grain emulsion including tabular grains having {111} major faces, containing greater than 70 mole percent bromide and at least 0.25 mole percent iodide, exhibiting an average thickness of less than 0.07 &mgr;m and an average equivalent circular diameter of at least 0.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 21, 2001
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: Eastman Kodak Company
    Inventors: Tommie L. Royster,, John E. Keevert,, Sharon G. Johnston, Donald L. Black, David W. Sandford
  • Publication number: 20030152878
    Abstract: The invention relates to a streamlined body for influencing the flow dynamics of a fluid, wherein the streamlined body at least partly corresponds to a rotationally symmetrical airfoil. A streamlined body of this kind can be used in a number of ways, for example as an impact member, as a flow regulator or as a heat exchanger. It also evens out and accelerates flows. It is used to particular advantage in a mixing and reaction chamber for burning fuels.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 25, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Franz Josef Staffler, Vincenzo Branzi
  • Publication number: 20030152879
    Abstract: Multi-stage combustion technology combined with nitrogen-enriched air technology for controlling the combustion temperature and products to extend the maintenance and lifetime cycles of materials in contact with combustion products and to reduce pollutants while maintaining relatively high combustion and thermal cycle efficiencies. The first stage of combustion operates fuel rich where most of the heat of combustion is released by burning it with nitrogen-enriched air. Part of the energy in the combustion gases is used to perform work or to provide heat. The cooled combustion gases are reheated by additional stages of combustion until the last stage is at or near stoichiometric conditions. Additional energy is extracted from each stage to result in relatively high thermal cycle efficiency. The air is enriched with nitrogen using air separation technologies such as diffusion, permeable membrane, absorption, and cryogenics.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 14, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Applicant: The Regents of the University of California
    Inventors: Larry E. Fischer, Brian L. Anderson
  • Publication number: 20030152880
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of operating a burner, which comprises at least one first fuel supply conduit (5) with a first group of fuel outlet openings (6), essentially arranged in the direction of a burner longitudinal axis (3), for a first premix fuel quantity and one or a plurality of second-fuel supply conduits (7) with a second group of fuel outlet openings (8), essentially arranged in the direction of the burner longitudinal axis (3), for a second premix fuel quantity, it being possible to admit fuel to the second fuel supply conduits (7) independently of the first fuel supply conduit (5). In the method, both fuel supply conduits (5, 7) are operated with the same fuel. By means of the present method of operating a burner, optimum mixing conditions can be set even in the case of different loads, gas qualities or gas preheat temperatures.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 11, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Adnan Eroglu, Jaan Hellat, Peter Stuber
  • Publication number: 20030152881
    Abstract: A temperature-controlled fuel valve, especially for a fuel-operated heating burner of a vehicle heating system has at least one valve member (40) that is adjustable as a function of a temperature in the area of a heating burner (30).
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 23, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Thomas Bauer, Walter Blaschke
  • Publication number: 20030152882
    Abstract: There is provided a burner for decomposing nonflammable materials, which is simple in structure and capable of thermally decomposing even a material which is relatively high in thermal decomposition temperature such as CF4 at as high efficiency as 99% or more. This burner comprises a nonflammable material-containing gas-introducing nozzle (40) which is disposed at one end of a cylindrical body (2) so as to enable the nonflammable material-containing gas to be injected around the center along the direction to the central axis (L) of the cylindrical body (2), and a plurality of oxidizing agent/fuel blow-off nozzles are disposed in a manner that these nozzles are positioned on and along circular lines which are coaxial with the central axis (L) of the cylindrical body (2). These blow-off nozzles (50) are inclined in such a degree as to enable flames (f) ejected therefrom to converge onto approximately the same point on the central axis of the cylindrical body (2).
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 3, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Atsuko Seo, Wataru Fujisaki, Toshiji Amano, Kenichi Nakamura, Kenichi Sugihara, Park Byoung-Sup, Jin Bingzhe
  • Publication number: 20030152883
    Abstract: A flush cutter of wires located on a patient's teeth has at least one pivotably carried cutting edge. An outer surface of the edge can be positioned adjacent to a surface from which the wire protrudes. An elastic insert or clamp, for griping cut wire ends, is carried adjacent to the edge. The insert has first and second spaced apart ends. A rigid surface is located to pivot toward the edge. The elastic clamp extends, in part, to the inner surface of the edge. As the cutting edge moves toward the rigid surface to cut the wire, the elastic clamp grips the cutoff wire end for removal. The rigid surface can be formed as a second cutting edge that moves toward the one cutting edge.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 3, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Larry E. Smith, Andy Gurczak, Ravi P. Seeralan, Ronald J. Schindler
  • Publication number: 20030152884
    Abstract: A set of customized orthodontic brackets are provided with slots that are arranged substantially parallel to the tooth surface. The archwire, in an as-manufactured condition, has a portion of substantial arcuate extent, which is canted relative to the occlusal plane. The brackets are designed on a computer as a combination of three-dimensional virtual objects comprising the virtual bracket bonding pad and a separate virtual bracket body retrieved from a library of virtual bracket bodies. The virtual brackets can be represented as a file containing digital shape data and exported to a rapid prototype fabrication device for fabrication of the bracket in wax or other material and casting the wax prototype in a suitable alloy. Other manufacturing techniques are also contemplated, including milling and laser sintering.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 13, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Dirk Wiechmann, Ralf Paehl, Rudger Rubbert, Thomas Weise
  • Publication number: 20030152885
    Abstract: A self-contained light source that cures a synthetic resin coating on teeth. The self-contained light source includes an elongated container that has a central longitudinal axis and also has a proximal portion and a distal portion lying along the central longitudinal axis, an attachment that is electrically and mechanically coupled to the elongated container at the distal portion. There is an array of closely spaced light emitting diodes. Each light emitting diode emits light in the blue region of the light spectrum. A power supply is disposed within the elongated container for powering the light emitting diodes. A mount is disposed in the attachment and orients the light emitting diodes to emit parallel light. A convex lens is optically coupled to the light emitting diodes. The convex lens focuses and directs the parallel light out of the attachment in a predetermined pattern.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 26, 2001
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventor: Viet Hung Dinh
  • Publication number: 20030152886
    Abstract: A device for use in an endodontic treatment, for example for filling a root canal of a tooth that is empty as a consequence of the removal of the nerve, with a thermoplastic product such as gutta percha, which product is distributed in the root canal by means of heating and pressing. The device includes a housing that can be grasped by hand, a treatment element provided at one end of the housing, and a device for making the treatment element vibrate.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 5, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventor: Andreas Adrianus Lambertus Van Den Houdt
  • Publication number: 20030152887
    Abstract: A dental device (10) broadly comprises a center section (12) flanked by a first picking section (14) and a second picking section (16). The first picking section (14) and the second picking section (16) are relatively flat and may include a roughened surface (50). The device (10) is preferably constructed in one-piece and molded from semi-rigid thermoplastic which resists breaking. The first picking section (14) is thicker and stronger than the second picking section (16) in order to dislodge most any debris caught between teeth. The second picking section (16) is narrow enough to reach between closely spaced teeth. In use, a person holds the device (10) by the center section (12) and inserts either picking section (14,16) between their teeth. The person works the device (10) back and forth using the roughened surface (50) or angles of either section (14,16) to disturb bacteria and other foreign substances.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 13, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventor: Roger J. Freeman
  • Publication number: 20030152888
    Abstract: The invention provides a method of making a dental appliance by shaping a low ball tack polymerizable material. By including fluorescing agent the surfaces of dental appliances are visually identifiable.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 2, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventors: Benjamin J Sun , Andrew M Lichkus
  • Publication number: 20030152889
    Abstract: An artificial tooth or teeth and occlusion-controlling system(s) thereof, wherein information about the situation of occlusion in the mouth of a patient is transmitted to a computer (151) from a biting-pressure sensing element(s) (155) or film(s) incorporated in the present invention, and said computer (151) dictates control-signals to make a driving motor (152) or motors drive and adjust an occlusal surface of said patient in place so as to give a desirable, appropriate functional occlusion to said patient's comfort instantly.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 19, 2002
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventor: Hideyo Uji
  • Publication number: 20030152890
    Abstract: The taper (2) where the threaded section of the implant (1) begins and the position of the straight cutting edge of the apical end (3) can be adjusted, thus making the thread more effective and improving the initial implant position. The holder casing (7) incorporates a hexagonal abutment (8, 9) and the shaft incorporates an O-ring seal (14).
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 7, 2003
    Publication date: August 14, 2003
    Inventor: Eduardo Anitua Aldecoa