Abstract: The invention relates to a drive for closure elements, in particular in the area of garage and industrial doors, but also for example in the form of roller shutters, with a reference value generator arranged in the motor or in the gearing of the drive for determining the actual position of the closure element. When a reference point position is reached, the reference value generator emits a signal or causes a signal modification, on the basis of which the actual-value generator can be calibrated. According to the invention, the reference value generator has two reference discs rotating in different speeds, which, in predetermined angular positions to one another, define the reference point positions which can be scanned by means of at least one scanning device.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for the manufacturing of steel in an electric arc furnace, comprising melting of charged steel raw material, substantially iron carrier, characterised in that at least 5 weight-%, preferably at least 10 weight-%, of charged iron carrier consist of granulated pig iron, here denominated GPI.

Abstract: Tungsten/polymer composites comprising tungsten powder, another metal powder having a high packing density, and organic binder have high density, good processibility and good malleability. Such composites are useful as lead replacements, particularly in the manufacture of shot.

Abstract: A method for purifying a suspension containing colloid-seeded nanoparticles and excess colloids is provided that includes adding to the suspension a filter aid comprising a salt. The method further includes filtering the suspension with a filter of a pore size intermediate between the average colloid-seeded nanoparticle size and the average excess colloid size, so as to form a retentate that includes the majority of the colloid-seeded nanoparticles and a filtrate that includes the majority of the excess colloids. Still further, the method includes collecting the retentate. The method may be incorporated into a method of making metallized nanoparticles, such as nanoshells, by reduction of metal ions onto the purified colloid-seed nanoparticles so as to form the metallized nanoparticles.

Abstract: A metal powder is formed by the steps of preparing a reducing agent solution, preparing a mixed metallic salt solution by dissolving a nickel salt and a copper salt in a solvent, and mixing the reducing agent solution and the mixed metallic salt solution so that the copper salt is reduced to precipitate copper particle nuclei and then the nickel salt is reduced to precipitate nickel around the copper particle nuclei. A metal power produced by this production method, a conductive paste containing the metal powder and a monolithic ceramic electronic component in which internal electrodes are formed using the conductive paste are also disclosed.

Abstract: A molten bath-based direct smelting process for producing ferrous metal from a ferrous feed material is disclosed. The process is characterised by injecting pre-heated air downwardly into metallurgical vessel at an angle of 20 to 90° C. relative to a horizontal axis and at a temperature of 800-1400° C. and at a velocity of 200-600 m/s via at least one lance (27). This step forces molten material in the region of a lower end of the lance away from the lance and forming a “free” space around the lower end of the lance that has a concentration of molten material that is lower than the molten material concentration in the raised bath. The process is further characterised in that the lance is located so that: (i) the lance extends into the vessel a distance that is at least the outer diameter of the lower end of the lance; and (ii) the lower end of the lance is at least 3 times the outer diameter of the lower end of the lance above a quiescent surface of the molten bath.

Abstract: A process for continuous production of metal chlorides includes the steps of providing metallic ore, containing iron purities, and a carbon source; drying the metallic ore; drying the carbon source; mixing the dried metallic ore, the dried- carbon source, and a sulfur-containing compound; calcining the mixture in a first fluidized bed reactor in the presence of air; chlorinating the calcined product in a second fluidized bed reactor in the presence of additional carbon source and additional sulfur-containing compound to produce crude metal chlorides and waste gases; and reactively subliming and desubliming the crude metal chlorides, in the presence of additional iron, aluminum, cesium, copper, lead, lithium, magnesium, mercury, potassium, sodium, titanium, uranium, zinc or zirconium, to produce purified aluminum chloride.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for preventing the ignition of molten magnesium by contacting the molten magnesium with a gaseous mixture comprising a fluorocarbon selected from the group consisting of perfluoroketones, hydrofluoroketones, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for generating pollution credits while processing molten magnesium, aluminum, lithium, and alloys of such metals by contacting the molten metal or alloy with a gaseous mixture comprising a fluorocarbon selected from the group consisting of perfluoroketones, hydrofluoroketones, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A symmetrical, one-piece, aesthetically and ergonomically pleasing bottle opener and re-capping device is made up of a main body having a substantially annular shape, the central opening of the annulus having a substantially cylindrical shape with inwardly extending flanges at each end, the first inwardly extending flange having a planar, axially-inward facing first surface for engaging a lower surface of a bottle cap, and a curved or inclined second surface opposite the first surface for enabling the opener to be snapped over the bottle cap into a position at which the first surfaces can be caused to engage the lower edge of the bottle cap, and the second inwardly extending flange having a substantially planar axially-inward facing surface that engages the top of the bottle cap to retain the cap following removal and to apply pressure to the top of the bottle cap during re-capping.

Abstract: In spinner tongs, a so-called spinner (30), incorporated in an iron roughneck and thus serving to rotate a drill pipe during connection thereof to a drill string or during division of the drill string into individual pipes, the aim has been to reduce damage on the threaded connections (the pin-and-box joints) in the screwing/unscrewing operations. This is realized in an operation for the simultaneous centring and rotating of the drill pipe. Four spinner rollers (42) known in themselves, which are brought to bear on the drill pipe when surrounding it, are mounted according to the invention, preferably in pairs, at the outer ends of driven clamping arms (46), by bogies (50). At their opposite outer ends the clamping arms (46) are pivotally supported on a fixed frame part/structure (56) and are jointed to each other by means of a piston and cylinder (48) driven by pressure fluid and arranged to carry the clamping arms (46) towards and away from each other.

Abstract: A wrench locking and positioning device includes at least one positioning body formed with an oblique slide guide portion facing an end face of a drive portion of a drive head of a wrench, and an elastic member mounted in the positioning body, for normally pushing the oblique slide guide portion of the positioning body to extend into the drive portion of the drive head of the wrench.

Abstract: A tool including two pivotally connected handles and a tool head. The tool head is composed of two clamping members which are pivotally connected. The clamping members are further pivotally connected with the handles to form a double lever structure. When the handles are relatively pivoted, the clamping members are driven and pivoted relative to each other to clamp a work piece. One of the handles has a projecting block, while the other of the handles is formed with at least one slot cooperating with the projecting block. The slot is positioned in the moving path of the projecting block when the handles are relatively pivoted. By means of cooperation between the slot and the projecting block, the pivoting angle of the handles is restricted.

Abstract: A tool adapted to releasably retain a fastener. The tool includes a driving portion having a plurality of tool surfaces adapted to form an interface with a fastener. At least one fastener engaging member is attached to the driving portion that extends above one or more of the tool surfaces. The fastener engaging member forms an interface with at least one surface on the fastener such that the fastener is releasably retained to the driving portion.

Abstract: A tool adapted to releasably retain a fastener. The tool includes a driving portion having a plurality of tool surfaces adapted to form an interface with a fastener. At least one fastener engaging member is attached to the driving portion that extends above one or more of the tool surfaces. The fastener engaging member is adapted to form an interface with at least one surface on the fastener such that the fastener can be releasably retained to the driving portion.

Abstract: During an unsupported roll change, a flap of paper resulting at the joining point can lead to disruptions in a processing station situated down-stream. According to the invention, the paper web (1) is advanced on a carrying element that is moved faster than the paper web (1), for example, on a suction roll (5). Said carrying element is arranged so close to the continuous paper web (1) that it catches the flap (8) of paper, which is located on the paper web (1), with frictional engagement. The flap (8) of paper is advanced with its rear side on the paper web (1) in a sliding manner and in relation to said paper web (1) in order to cause the leading part of the flap (8) of paper to arch in a wavelike manner. The arched flap (8) of paper strikes a blade (6) and is cut away until it can no longer cause any disruptions.

Abstract: A depaneling system is disclosed for cutting a panel. The depaneling system comprises a tooling apparatus and a cutting apparatus. The tooling apparatus helps hold the panel in place with suction during cutting of said panel and collects dust particles generated by the cutting of the panel. The cutting apparatus is comprised of a housing, a drive motor, a cutting unit, and a drive connector. The housing separates the drive motor from the cutting unit. The housing comprises a first section and a second section separated by a dividing member. The drive connector, such as a belt, passes through the first section of the housing. The second section of the housing forms a path for the dust particles.

Abstract: An alignment device including a body having an alignment edge configured to guide a cutting device, an extension portion pivotal relative to the alignment edge, and at least one cutting-line indicator configured to be selectively positioned on the extension portion and configured to indicate a cutting line for the cutting device. In some embodiments, the alignment device may include a plurality of pitch selectors configured to indicate a plurality of different angles, including a first pitch selector indicating a first angle. The body further may include a level indicator configured to identify whether a plank is at first angle when the first pitch selector is selected and the body is positioned in a pitch measurement position on the plank.

Abstract: An improved towel dispenser includes a rotatable driveshaft mounted in a one-way clutch bearing fitted with a pinion which engages a vertically oriented press bar assembly including at its lower portion a rack which engages the pinion to advance paper towel through a dispensing nip upon pivotable motion of the press bar assembly. A dispensing chute located below the dispensing nip includes a lower shelf configured to direct web forwardly toward the front portion of a dispenser. The gear rack is preferably an internal gear rack integrally formed with a unitary press bar assembly member. The dispensing chute is configured such that an angle between a cutting-blade and the outer lip of the shelf makes an angle with a vertical of at least about 25°.

Abstract: A guitar having a shell body and a main body. The main body and/or a portion of the main body is detachably connected to the shell body. A neck is connected to the main body and/or the shell body. A bridge is connected to the main body. The neck includes a headstock and a fret control that at least partially raises and/or lowers at least one fret on the neck.

Abstract: The position for a fret on a fingerboard for a stringed instrument having non-parallel strings of different scale lengths is determined by interpolating between, or extrapolating from, a fret position (R1, R2 etc.; G1, G2 etc.; Q1, Q2 etc.) on a first fret scale and a corresponding fret position (F1, F2 etc.) on a second fret scale (F-F′; L-L′).

Abstract: A pick device for playing a stringed musical instrument is taught. The pick device includes a center portion, wherein the center portion is configured to be positioned about a tip of a finger or thumb of a player in a ring-like configuration. The pick device also includes a head or first end portion coupled to the center portion, wherein the head portion is suitable for strumming and plucking/picking strings of the instrument, and a tail or second end portion coupled to the center portion. The pick device further includes a receiving slot disposed within the center portion, wherein the receiving slot is configured to adjustably receive the tail or second end portion. The player can rapidly transition between use of the head or first end portion and tail or second end portion when playing the instrument by repositioning the center portion about the tip of the finger or thumb.

Abstract: The handrest facilitates the supporting of musical instruments and similar objects. When the player supports a musical instrument over long periods of times, the tendon between his thumb and wrist will be susceptible to tenosynovitis and the edge of his thumb will grow a callus. A handrest consisting of the parts (1-6) shown in FIG. 1 shifts the weight of the object to be supported from the thumb to the area between the thumb and the index finger. The control members allow the handrest to be adapted to different hand sizes and playing styles. The use of a handrest allows longer practising periods and more rapid and sensitive fingering.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed to permit real time, distributed performance by multiple musicians at remote locations. The latency of the communication channel is transferred to the behavior of the local instrument so that a natural accommodation is made by the musician. This allows musical events that actually occur simultaneously at remote locations to be played together at each location, though not necessarily simultaneously at all locations. This allows locations having low latency connections to retain some of their advantage. The amount of induced latency can be overridden by each musician.

Abstract: A sound generation system for proving surround sound includes a sound generation means, a plurality of sound channels and a recording means. The sound generation means is for operation by a user to generate sounds and includes a plurality of interface members for generating sounds. Each interface member is operable by the user to generate an associated sound. The plurality of sound channels is for receiving sound from the plurality of interface members. Each interface member in the plurality of interface members is connected to a distinct associated channel in the plurality of sound channels to transmit the associated sound to the distinct associated channel. The recording means is for recording sound from each sound from each channel in the plurality of sound channels.

Abstract: A musically resonant apparatus with continuously variable resonances and methods for increasing the tonal complexity and quality of live and recorded musical instruments utilizes the position of one or more movable resonators to determine the freely resonant dimensions of the resonators comprising the apparatus. The dimensions and materials of this apparatus are scaled and selected to resonate in one or more musically relevant frequency ranges for the instrument and musical situation it is to be used with. The apparatus is mechanically coupled to a microphonic or vibrationally sensitive component in the chain of equipment between a musician and the listener. The continuous adjustability of one or more resonators allows the user to easily select the best complimentary resonances. This improves an instrument's tonal complexity, and thus its tonal quality at the listener's ears quickly, easily, and economically without invasive techniques.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wall (2)-protection device (1), notably for a vehicle wall, against attack by a projectile.

Abstract: A piston for use in a compressor comprises a head portion and an engaging portion. The engaging portion includes a first shoe pocket and a second shoe pocket formed therein, and an interior surface of the first shoe pocket includes a hollow potion formed therein. Moreover, the interior surface of the first shoe pocket includes a lubrication layer formed thereon. For example, the lubricant layer may include a solid lubricant or a grease having a viscosity which is sufficient to adhere the grease to the interior surface of the first shoe pocket or the second shoe pocket, or both. In an embodiment, an interior surface of the second shoe pocket also may have the hollow portion formed therein. In another embodiment, the interior surface of the second shoe pocket may have a penetrating aperture formed therein.

Abstract: A pneumatic actuator canister body employs a press fit cup received over an end portion of the canister to engage mounting studs extending through apertures in the end wall of the body and an end plate internally engaging the end wall. Heads of the studs are constrained between the end plate and a piston plate for the internal actuator spring.

Abstract: The invention relates to preparation and uses of novel polymeric materials, polyimide amic acid salts (PIAAS). The use of these materials for the fabrication of fluid separation membranes is further disclosed.

Abstract: A hydrogen peroxide vapor generation unit (10) receives hydrogen peroxide and water solution at an interface (20) and interconnects with an air dryer (14) by way of nipples (72, 92). In one embodiment, the dryer includes a clamping assembly (42) which is latched (74, 94) with the nipples and which receives a disposable desiccant cartridge (40). In an alternate embodiment, a reusable desiccant cartridge (40′) is connected directly to the nipples (72, 92). When the desiccant cartridge (40′) is saturated, it is removed and placed in a regenerator unit (120). A regenerated cartridge is installed in its place.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for the removal of nitrous oxide from a feed gas stream using an adsorbent having a nitrogen diffusion parameter of 0.12 sec−1 or higher and a nitrous oxide capacity of 79 mmol/g/atm or higher at 30° C.

Abstract: A two stage air purification system is provided for the removal of airborne impurities from an airflow prior to the airflow entering a building's ductwork. In particular, a primary air filter is mounted within the hood of, for example, a cooking area and operable to receive grease-laden air and remove a portion of the impurities. The air is then sent to a secondary filter, also mounted within the hood, that removes additional impurities. The air is then sent through the building's ductwork and eventually out the building.

Abstract: Hydrogen purification membranes, hydrogen purification devices, and fuel processing and fuel cell systems that include hydrogen purification devices. The hydrogen purification membranes include a metal membrane, which is at least substantially comprised of palladium or a palladium alloy. In some embodiments, the membrane contains trace amounts of carbon, silicon, and/or oxygen. In some embodiments, the membranes form part of a hydrogen purification device that includes an enclosure containing a separation assembly, which is adapted to receive a mixed gas stream containing hydrogen gas and to produce a stream that contains pure or at least substantially pure hydrogen gas therefrom. In some embodiments, the membrane(s) and/or purification device forms a portion of a fuel processor, and in some embodiments, the membrane(s) and/or purification device forms a portion of a fuel processing or fuel cell system.

Abstract: An electric polarizing air filter has a charged screen of high resistivity to suppress avalanche discharge and permit use of a higher polarizing voltage.

Abstract: The present invention refers to an apparatus for treating and preparing food having a cooking chamber in which the food is treated and cooked. The apparatus further includes a motor-driven ventilation fan which serves to circulate the cooking chamber atmosphere, and a gas burner which serves for combusting the gas-air mixture. The cooking chamber is heated by use of a heat exchange device which includes a heat exchange pipe assembly. The heat exchange device surrounds the ventilation fan. The heat exchange pipe assembly is characterized in that at least two pipe strands are provided which extend substantially around the ventilation wheel in a continuous bordering or loop of the ventilation wheel. The subject matter of the present invention is also a heat exchange device for an apparatus of this type.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rapid heating of calender rolls 350, 352 for a calendering apparatus 200 is disclosed. At a heating area 800, the rolls 350, 352 are preheated, reheated, or maintained at any temperature prior to the rolls 350, 352 being placed into the calendering apparatus 300. The preferred method of heating is by induction heating. The rolls 350, 352 may be delivered to the heating apparatus 802 from an initial storage area 420 or the calendering apparatus 300. The rolls 350, 352 are transported by an overhead transfer mechanism 400. The disclosed method and apparatus greatly facilitate formation of multi-layered laminates and is particularly useful in the tire building art.

Abstract: A metal chip and shaving compactor includes a compaction housing (80) having a compaction chamber (82) with a compaction piston (64) extending into the chamber Metal chips and shavings are admitted to the chamber through an inlet opening (84). Separate ball screw drive mechanisms (50 and 92, 94) move the piston and the compaction housing along an axis (58) between positions where each is either proximal or distal from the base (30) Independent operation of the ball screw drive mechanisms permits metal chip and shaving to be admitted into the chamber, compacted and subsequently discharged as compacted puck-like pellets Computer controls (162) operate the ball screw drive mechanisms and sense (182, 184, 186) operation of the compactor based on rotational positions of the screw drives of the ball screw drive mechanisms.

Abstract: A press having a machine frame section (10) and a movable section capable of reciprocal movement in a vertical direction relative to the machine frame section, for making products using a pair of dies. The movable section includes a slide (24) to which one of the pair of dies is mounted, and a horizontal guide surface is formed on one of the machine frame section and the movable section. A drive slider (51, 52, 53, 54) has a horizontal sliding surface facing the horizontal guide surface and an inclined sliding surface inclined at a specified angle, and is movably joined to the one of the two sections. A swash plate (51, 52, 53, 54) has an inclined guide surface facing the inclined sliding surface, and is fixed to the other of the two sections. A linear motor (1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) causes the drive slider to reciplocate along the inclined guide surface of the swash plate through a larger stroke.

Abstract: A method of making screen printing frames can include, in certain illustrative embodiments, affixing at least two frames to one another, applying a masking film to both frames, exposing the frames, removing the unhardened emulsion in the meshes, and separating the frames from one another for deployment in a screen printing apparatus. This exemplary process can be used to create images in substantially complete registration with one another on frames having different mesh counts. Stated another way, these embodiments permit the use of multiple frames to print different inks through different meshes in a single pass to form images in substantially complete registration with one another. In certain preferred embodiments, a screen printing apparatus can include two frames, each having a mesh with a different pitch, wherein the frames are adapted to receive different inks and held in fixed register during a screen printing operation.

Abstract: A printing press performs offset color printing. A blanket cylinder having four image segments selectively contacts a plate cylinder having four image segments and an impression cylinder having five image segments for carrying print media. A pair of eccentric bushings for independently controlling the impression cylinder engages same to blanket cylinder. A print media feed system and a delivery system are located on the same side of the press and cooperate with each other via a means for moving feed and delivery trays in a generally vertical direction. Print media are gripped only once and travel in the same direction until let go by the impression cylinder. An image forming system forms four images on a plate cylinder to be inked by four respective inking units oriented therearound. All four plate image sections can be inked during one rotation of the plate cylinder. Four inking units including a minimal number of rollers for inking the plate image sections.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the regulation of a web tension in a rotary print machine, whereby the web (B) passes through at least two printing groups (06, 07, 08, 09). A change in the extension of the web during the run, is determined by means of a change in a phase shift between a first phase position of a printing group and a second phase position measured behind a last printing group. The change in phase position is compensated by means of a change in the tension (S) of the web before the first printing group.

Abstract: A paper web, which may be pinless, is slit into side-by-side web ribbons that are merged one on top of the other for simultaneous crosscutting into appropriate page lengths. One web ribbon wraps substantially about an angled turnbar to shift it into registry with the other web ribbon. Pressurized air may be provided to the turnbar assembly to reduce friction with the web ribbon. The other web ribbon is detoured via a takeup roller by an amount that is dictated by the circumference of the turnbar assembly. A driven roller in continuous contact with one of the web ribbons draws it toward a cross cutter. A slave roller is in slipping contact with the remaining web ribbon and draws it toward the same crosscutter to maintain registry between the ribbons. Three-up, four-up, and more-up variations are disclosed.

Abstract: An ink fountain apparatus for a rotary printing press includes a rotatably supported ink fountain roller, an ink fountain, at least one intermediate ink dam, a press unit, and an adjustment bolt. The ink fountain is comprised of an ink fountain blade and a pair of ink dams. The intermediate ink dam stands upright between the ink dams from the ink fountain blade. The intermediate ink dam includes a press plate in contact opposite to an outer surface of the ink fountain roller and the ink fountain blade, an adjustment plate in contact opposite to the press plate, and an operation plate in contact opposite to the adjustment plate. The press unit includes a compression coil spring, operation rod, press shaft portion, and engaging surface that press the press plate through the operation plate and adjustment plate toward the outer surface of the ink fountain roller and toward the ink fountain blade.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor of the present invention comprises a water-resistant support, a hydrophilic layer and an image-forming layer, in this order, said hydrophilic layer comprising a fine particulate hydrophobicizing precursor and a hydrophilic binder polymer, and said image forming layer comprising a light-heat converting substance and a microcapsule encapsulating a hydrophobic substance, wherein the hydrophilic binder polymer is a composite material of a hydrophilic organic polymer and a polymer having a group including: at least one atom selected from a metal atom and semimetal atom; and an oxygen atom connecting with the at least one atom selected from a metal atom and semimetal atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bridge igniter 1 having: a resistance layer 3 which has a given electrical resistance and which can be heated by an electrical current; an electrical insulating layer 4 that is disposed on the resistance layer 3 and has a given thermal conductivity; a reactive layer that is disposed on the insulating layer, the insulating layer 4 transmitting the heat that is produced in the resistance layer 3 to the reactive layer 5, thereby causing the latter to undergo an exothermic reaction; and a pyrotechnic layer 7 that is disposed on or above the reactive layer 5 and that may be set off by the exothermic reaction of the reactive layer 5.

Abstract: A novel transfer ordnance line and novel end fittings for the transfer line for use in space vehicles, aircraft, missile systems and other military applications. The transfer line is a Rapid Deflagration Cord (RDC) hermetically encapsulated in a metal tubing. The metal tubing terminates at end fittings such as a loaded high energy (HE) end fitting which detonates, a low energy (LE) end fitting which burns, and a percussion primer used to start burning of the RDC in the transfer line. The transfer line is constructed so that gases produced during the burning of the RDC do not escape and pose a threat to the surroundings during functioning and so moisture does not enter the system during shelflife, transportation, or at any other time prior to functioning. With minor adjustments to the transfer tube and the end fittings, the transfer tubing can be made flexible by forming a coil.

Abstract: An ammunition unit such as a missile, the casing of which contains at least one explosive charge as well as warhead modules arranged in or on the fuselage or casing that comprise a constituent part of the unit's warhead function when the explosive charge is actuated. The warhead effect modules are of modular design, and the various modules are secured to the fuselage or casing by securing devices and/or retention parts. The device includes a range of modules pertaining to different types of warhead effects. When engaging an actual type of target the ammunition unit is assembled with an array of modules-selected from the range of modules-matched to different types of targets or engagement situations, with the array of modules secured to the fuselage or casing by securing devices.

Abstract: The present invention controls the polar ejection angle of fragments in a fragmenting warhead. The warhead's detonators are initiated non-simultaneously to produce corresponding detonation waves in the warhead's explosive material. The detonation waves interact to control the polar ejection angle of fragments formed when the warhead's casing ruptures. Specified times of detonation for each of the detonators can be selected/adjusted after the warhead is deployed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for combating a pre-determined target with submunitions directed at the target from an airborne carrier in the form of a rocket, missile or equivalent (1) whereby the submunitions (17) are of the type whose main effect in target derives from impact with the target. As claimed in the present invention the submunitions (17) are given both a lateral motion vector (34) relative to the direction of flight of the carrier and a motion vector (35) in the direction of flight of the carrier. Jointly these motion vectors give the submunitions a resultant motion vector in a direction (36) towards the target.