Abstract: A fuel feed system capable of feeding a fuel to fuel injection valves at a fuel pressure with improved stability is provided. A fuel feed system for an internal combustion engine including a fuel tank and a low-pressure pump for feeding the fuel in the fuel tank to fuel injection valves, is provided with a diaphragm type damper having a wave-shape cross section at a position in contact with the fuel.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for powering an engine with two fuel sources, where one of the fuel sources varies in quality and or quantity.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, a fixed engine valve timing profile may be combined with a variable profile produced by a valve actuator coupled to one or more engine valves. By controlling one or more engine valves independent of the fixed timing profile, engine gas flow may be more flexibly regulated, thereby optimizing engine performance under a wide variety of operating conditions. In one embodiment, enhanced internal exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) may be achieved. A turbocharger may be used, along with the control provided by the valve actuator, to further control engine gas flow. In this manner, the present invention facilitates greater control of engine gas flow with minimal cost and complexity.

Abstract: An ignition coil having ion sense capability with combustion and knock outputs features improved determination of when to open and close a combustion window during which a combustion signal indicative of the level of combustion is calculated. The system also includes a knock window during which a knock signal indicative of the level of knock is determined. A PWM combustion signal is multiplexed on the same physical line as a current flag signal, and, a PWM knock intensity signal is multiplexed on the same physical line as a knock window signal, which reduces system connections. Closed loop multicharge ignition is provided with combustion detection during multicharging to ensure the availability of knock detection, thereby providing a longer effective spark burn time while still allowing for knock detection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ignition system for an internal combustion engine having an ignition device that requires a high voltage (ignition voltage) for igniting the ignition spark.

Abstract: A fuel injection is carried out as n split injections. Each of injection quantities is defined by dividing an injection quantity into n fuel injections. A FCCB correction and an ISC correction are carried out while n split injection cycles are performed. A value obtained by adding up an FCCB correction for each injection cycle and an ISC correction for each injection cycle is updated and stored as a learned injection quantity. The learned injection quantity is calculated as an injection quantity correction for each cylinder to be added to a command injection quantity for each injection cycle.

Abstract: A portable campfire apparatus has a base, a fire pan supported by the base, a gas manifold disposed in the fire pan and a quantity of low-density, non-flammable particulate material in the fire pan at a depth to cover the manifold. The fire pan and the base are substantially the same shape and size. A cylindrical spacer can be interposed between the fire pan and the base, and a lid of geometry similar to the base and fire pan is disclosed and rests on an inwardly projecting shoulder on the rim of the fire pan. When upright, the upper rim is parallel to the ground, but when tipped over the rim is at an angle of no less than ninety degrees to the ground. Different shapes of the base and fire pan are taught, and different configurations of the manifold are shown.

Abstract: Lung volume reduction is performed by the placement of a device (2) into a branch of the airway (34) to prevent air from entering that portion of lung. This will result in adsorption atelectasis of the distal portion of lung. The physiological response in this portion of lung is hypoxic vaso-constriction. The net effect is for a portion of lung to be functionally removed, i.e. a selected portion of lung is removed from both the circulation and ventilation. The build up of secretions is accommodated by using a valve (5, 15, 29) in the obstructive device, the valve opening upon coughing etc.

Abstract: The inhalation device comprises an oscillator (1), on which a powder (6) for nebulisation may be placed, containing a medicament and which may be activated in order to nebulise the applied powder, a mixing chamber (2) into which the powder particles are thrown and where an aerosol cloud (6a) is formed from incoherent particles, an inhalation check valve (3) which permits ambient air into the mixing chamber (2) during inhalation to evacuate the particle cloud (6a) and an exhalation check valve (4), by means of which expired air is led off into the environment to prevent damp breath entering the mixing chamber (2) during exhalation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vent assembly suitable for use with a respiratory mask of the type used in CPAP treatment. In one embodiment the vent is made of a thin air permeable membrane. Generally, the membrane is thinner than 0.5 mm. The membrane can be made of a hydrophobic material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The membrane can also be fabricated from expanded PTFE. The expanded PTFE membrane is mounted on a polypropylene scrim. The pores of the membrane have a reference pore size of 10 to 15 microns. In an alternative embodiment, the vent assembly includes a vent constructed from stainless steel. In another embodiment the membrane has a superficial cross-sectional area of approximately 500 mm2. In another embodiment the vent assembly comprises a membrane attached to a vent frame, the vent assembly forming an insert which can be removeably attached to a mask fame.

Abstract: A temperature alarm device for a breathing apparatus is described, comprising an air bottle (1) with a main valve (2) to which is connected a hose (3) for supply of air from the air bottle (1) via a reduction valve (4) to a breathing mask (5), wherein the temperature alarm device comprises a temperature controlled sound transmitter that emits a sound when the temperature of the surroundings exceeds a pre-defined temperature. A breathing apparatus comprising this temperature alarm device is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus which provides proactive guidance to a surgeon for guiding the tip of a surgical instrument along a previously defined optimum path within the body of a mammal to a tumour or other target within the body. This path is subdivided into a plurality of sections extending from one intermediate point to another and an image is formed on the exposed surface of the body of the mammal upon which the surgeon is operating. The image is focused below the exposed surface and at the next intermediate point to be traversed along the path. The image provides the surgeon with vector information as to where he should direct the tip of the instrument. The image is preferably three or more overlapping dots of light from lasers which are directed at the intermediate point by motorised mountings under the control of a computer, the splay of the dots of light giving the surgeon the vector information.

Abstract: A smoking article having reduced ignition propensity is disclosed. The smoking article includes a tobacco column, a wrapper surrounding the tobacco column and a filter element. The wrapper has a base permeability, an untreated area and a least one discrete area treated with a composition to reducing the base permeability. The discretely treated area interacts with a coal of a burning tobacco firecone as it advances to self-extinguish the smoking article. The composition of the treated area includes a permeability reducing substance, a burn rate retarding substance and a burn rate accelerating substance. Either the burn rate retarding substance or the burn rate accelerating substance acts as an organoleptic enhancing substance. In this way a smoker's experience when smoking either the at least one treated area or the untreated area is substantially the same.

Abstract: One cuts away the surface layer of a concrete surface, for example the roadway of a concrete bridge, by using a water jet ejected out of a nozzle 31 on an elongated nozzle holder 30. One reciprocates the nozzle holder in cutting sweeps and moves the entire machine in steps between the cuttin sweeps. The water jet is directed obliquely forwardly in the directions of the sweeps and, at the ends of the sweeps, the nozzle holder is swung to its new angle of attack for the subsequent cutting sweep. When the water jet reaches the end of the cutting in a cutting sweep, the nozzle holder begins to swing backwards at the same time as its linear velocity increases so that its target area will remain unchanged or almost unchanged at the same time as the stepping of the machine starts so that the water jet will make a cut 34 forwardly in the direction of stepping. The stepping and the change of angle of attack are finished simultaneously and a new cutting sweep starts directly.

Abstract: This tool applies treatments to surfaces by rubbing. It employs a mildly abrasive body of compacted non-woven fibres to carry and release fluids onto a surface as it cleans and massages the surface. It comprises a spill proof rubbing applicator capable of dispensing chemical substances ranging from low viscosity liquids to fine dry particulate and includes slurries and gels. The tool is provided with means of removing dirty used fibres from its treatment face.

Abstract: The present invention features a combination dustpan and residual dust collection device and method for removing residual dust from a surface after sweeping initial debris into the dustpan collection bin. The combination dustpan and residual dust collection device comprises a unique dusting head strategically positioned preferably on the underside portion of a dustpan. The dusting head is equipped with a dust cloth or dust cover capable of collecting and retaining residual dust typically left on the floor. When dirty, the dusting head material/covering may be replaced and or cleaned.

Abstract: A method of using PFCs recovered from the effluent of a CVD chamber cleaning process as an influent for the cleaning process is provided which includes the steps of selecting a first PFC gas mixture having a first ratio of C2F6 to CF4, providing the first PFC gas mixture as the influent gas to the CVD chamber to create a CVD chamber effluent gas of a second PFC gas mixture having a second ratio of C2F6 to CF4, adding virgin C2F6 or CF4 to the CVD chamber effluent gas in sufficient quantity to create a third PFC gas mixture having the first ratio of C2F6 to CF4, and using the third PFC gas mixture as the influent gas to the CVD chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of cleaning a carpet with a liquid composition having a residuality index of less than 40% after vacuum cleaning, said method comprising the steps of:

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus 1 includes a foup loading/unloading part 2 for mounting foups F each accommodating a plurality of wafers W at intervals of a constant pitch (normal pitch), a rotor 34 capable of holding the wafers W at half the normal pitch (half pitch), a wafer transporting device 11 for transporting the wafer E between the foup F and the rotor 34, wafer posture changing devices 20a, 20b, a wafer elevating mechanism 40, a motor 31 for rotating the rotor 34, an outer chamber 71a and an inner chamber 71b both accommodating the rotor 34, and cleaning liquid nozzles 53, 55 for supplying a cleaning liquid to the wafers W. The rotor 34 holds the wafers W at intervals of an optional pitch (every one holding pitch or every plural holding pitches) to carry out a cleaning operation. Consequently, it is possible to process substrates accommodated in two containers at one batch processing.

Abstract: A liquid waste disposal and canister flushing system for a medical canister including a press-fit canister lid, features a cabinet with an opening and a sink with a drain positioned therein. A mounting bracket is affixed to the cabinet and includes a shaft connected to the canister bracket for rotating the canister and a shaft connected to the lid removal bracket for removing the canister lid from the canister. The canister is secured within the canister bracket and is rotated from an initial position to a drainage position. The canister lid is positioned on the removal bracket and is rotated from an initial position to a removal position. Once the canister is rotated into the drainage position, the pressurized and diluted cleaning solution source is activated to flush the contents out of the canister and into the sink and drain. After the canister is sanitized it may be removed from the system and reused.

Abstract: A cleaning processing part and an ashing processing part are oppositely arranged flush with each other through a transport path where a transport robot is arranged. The cleaning processing part comprises a surface scrubber and a rear scrubber. The ashing processing part performs ashing with plasma. The transport robot transports a substrate to be processed from an indexer successively through the ashing processing part, a reversal part and the cleaning processing part and returns the same to the indexer again. The transport robot immediately transports the substrate completely subjected to ashing toward the cleaning processing part, whereby the time required from ashing to cleaning processing is so reduced that a dead time can be eliminated while cleaning performance can be improved by performing cleaning processing immediately after ashing. Thus, a substrate processing apparatus improving cleaning performance by reducing a dead time up to cleaning processing is provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring a cleaning process for a medical device includes a cleaning chamber for receiving and cleaning the instrument with a cleaning liquid, a receiving well within the cleaning chamber, a removable soil standard receivable within the receiving well whereby to be exposed to the cleaning process within the cleaning chamber; and a soil detector coupled to the cleaning chamber and adapted to provide an indication of the amount of the soil on the soil standard while the soil standard is received within the receiving well.

Abstract: A rotary car washing cell includes a platform for supporting an automotive vehicle and rotatably coupled to a base for rotating the vehicle about a fixed axis. The platform includes a guide rail disposed along a predetermined path on the platform. A support frame is fixedly secured to the base. A wash arm assembly for spraying fluid onto the vehicle is slidably supported by the support frame for radial movement with respect to the fixed axis. The wash arm assembly including a cam follower for engaging the guide rail during rotation of the platform, whereby the wash arm assembly is radially displaced with respect to the fixed axis in response to the rotation of the platform about the fixed axis.

Abstract: A rib assembly for multiple-fold umbrella includes: a top rib pivotally secured to an upper notch on a top of a central shaft, a stretcher rib pivotally secured between the top rib and a lower runner slidably held on the central shaft, an intermediate rib pivotally securable to the top rib or the stretcher rib, and a tail (or outer) rib pivotally connected to the intermediate rib; wherein either the top rib or the stretcher rib is formed as a lotus-shape rib when opening the umbrella; and upon opening of the umbrella, the lotus-shape ribs will be arcuately bent to store their resilience; and upon closing of the umbrella, the lotus-shape ribs will restore to release their resilience energy to automatically close the rib assembly. The rib assembly plays double duties both for supporting the umbrella cloth on the ribs and also for serving as “closing springs” for automatically closing the umbrella by eliminating the installation of closing springs on the rib assembly.

Abstract: A collapsible frame for use in erecting tents, canopies and the like at outdoor venues includes a plurality of telescopic legs for providing vertical structural support, and a plurality of top corner joints each fixedly mounted upon a top end of a corresponding telescopic leg. A leg slider joint is adjustably mounted upon each telescopic leg for sliding along that telescopic leg. A truss pair of link members is mounted to a pair of top corner joints and to a corresponding pair of leg slider joints. The link members are mounted on adjacent pairs of telescopic legs for providing a scissors connector. Finally, a plurality of canopy support arms, each including a swivel connector and each fixedly connected to a top corner joint and a corresponding leg slider joint, is employed for raising and lowering the collapsible frame as a stable unitary structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for the design and manufacture of foldable integrated stiffeners. These stiffeners may be used in, for example, thin-film arrays of electrochemical devices.

Abstract: Each PV assembly of an array of PV assemblies comprises a base, a PV module and a support assembly securing the PV module to a position overlying the upper surface of the base. Vents are formed through the base. A pressure equalization path extends from the outer surface of the PV module, past the PV module, to and through at least one of the vents, and to the lower surface of the base to help reduce wind uplift forces on the PV assembly. The PV assemblies may be interengaged, such as by interengaging the bases of adjacent PV assemblies. The base may include a main portion and a cover and the bases of adjacent PV assemblies may be interengaged by securing the covers of adjacent bases together.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dye sensitized solar cell comprising an n-type semiconductor electrode containing a dye, an opposed electrode, and a gel electrolyte arranged between the n-type semiconductor and the opposed electrode and containing a gelling agent and an electrolyte that contains iodine, wherein the gelling agent contains a compound including an N-containing group and at least one atomic group selected from a group consisting of a sulfonic group and a carboxylic group.

Abstract: A hydraulic valve assembly for selectably delivering hydraulic fluid from a supply of hydraulic fluid to one of a first hydraulic operator and a second hydraulic operator is disclosed. The assembly includes first and second supply ports which communicate with the supply and four operator ports. First and third ports communicate with the first hydraulic operator. Second and fourth ports communicate with the fourth hydraulic operator. First and second chambers are provided. The first chamber communicates with the first supply port and first and second operator ports. The second chamber communicates with the second supply port and third and fourth operator ports. Two selection valves operating in unison are each located in each chamber. The selection valves operate between a first position at a first hydraulic fluid pressure and a second position at a second hydraulic fluid pressure.

Abstract: The flow-adjusting device comprises: a housing (2) having an inlet channel (4) and an outlet channel (5) to be connected with respective pipes (6) through which a liquid is caused to flow, a closure assembly (7) arranged in the housing (2) between the inlet and outlet channels (4, 5) for drivingly adjusting the flow of the liquid, and a deformable diaphragm (3), deformation of which takes place in proportion to the liquid pressure in the outlet channel (5) and which is active on the closure assembly (7). The device also comprises a hollow body (15) internally bounding a storage chamber (16) disposed between the inlet and the outlet channels (4, 5), the storage chamber (16) having a lower portion (16a) to be engaged by the liquid and an upper portion (16b) defining an air-tight region wherein air under pressure is stored under the effect of increasing pressure of the liquid and causes recirculation of the liquid on decreasing of the liquid pressure.

Abstract: A gas-tight shut-off valve (14) for a material charging or discharging lock (10) comprises a valve closing element (26) that is movable relative to a valve seat (22), between a first position, in which the valve closing element (26) and the annular valve seat (22) can be axially pressed together, and a second position, in which the valve closing element (26) is located laterally of the discharge opening (24) in the valve seat (22). A soft sealing means (28) is associated either with the annular valve seat (22) or with the valve closing element (26). The valve (14) further comprises a heat protecting element (30), which is movable between a first position, in which it covers the soft sealing means (28) when the valve closing element (26) is in its second position, and a second position, in which it uncovers the soft sealing means (28).

Abstract: A land (56) on an index member (32) disposed in the interior chamber of a manifold (38) is aligned with an actuating member (34) and thereby holds open a check valve (36) through which fluid flows into the manifold's interior chamber, through a control valve (12), and out a manifold outlet (74). At the same time, another actuating pin (42) is so aligned with a recess (58) in the indexing member (32) as to permit another check valve (44) to prevent flow through itself into the manifold chamber. When the control valve is closed, flow stops, and pressure builds up in the manifold chamber. The index member (32) is accordingly driven against the force of a bias spring (48) to a lower position, in which a lower cam-follower surface (82) engages a lower cam surface (84). That engagement rotates the index member to a position in which it permits pressure to be communicated through both check valves (36 and 44) into the manifold chamber.

Abstract: A pressure control valve with a hydraulic system of an automatic transmission for a motor vehicle includes a valve body defining a control chamber, fluid ports communicating with the control chamber, and a valve spool having spaced pressure control lands located in the control chamber, the valve spool urged by a compression spring in an opposite direction from an electromagnetic force developed on the spool when a solenoid is energized. In one embodiment a control land is formed with a pressure feedback orifice that communicates a control port with a feedback chamber. The valve spool can be formed with different sized control lands. The feedback orifice is substantially insensitive to fluid temperature variation.

Abstract: A micro lock valve includes a cylinder forming an air chamber. One part of the cylinder is provided with an inlet port and an outlet port which communicate with each other through the air chamber, and the other part is provided with an exhaust port communicating with the air chamber. The micro lock valve also includes a plunger slidingly traveling in the cylinder, blocking up one of the inlet port or the exhaust port, and formed with a female screw thread in a traveling direction of the plunger. The micro lock valve includes a driving shaft having a male screw thread mating with the female screw thread and a driving motor rotating the driving shaft forwardly and backwardly. Accordingly, the micro lock valve maintains a normally closed state and a normally open state without consuming a large amount of electric power and is driven by low electric power for a long period of time.

Abstract: The present invention provides a valve apparatus comprising a conduit, including a first port, a second port, and a third port, a piston sealingly disposed within the conduit, including a first piston aperture and a second piston aperture, a piston valve configured to seal the second port, and a bore, extending from the first piston aperture to the second piston aperture, and configured to facilitate communication between the first port and the second port, and a valve, disposed within the conduit, and configured to seal the third port.

Abstract: A flexible armored pipe, which comprises an inner liner, which is surrounded by a pressure armor, is built up by the joining together of profiles, which have a number of recesses. According to the invention, the profiles are configured as K-profiles (10, 16, 17), which have recesses (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d), which are arranged in adjoining surfaces of the profile. When the profiles are brought together, the recesses form a cavity in which a locking element (12, 14, 18) can be inserted, the function of which is to prevent displacement of the K-profiles at right-angles to the axial direction of the pipe when this is exposed to axial, compressive forces. The locking element can be I-shaped (14), be circular or be configured as a wire (18) with a C-shaped cross-section. The locking element can also be made either of a rigid or an elastic, deformable material. With a C-shaped locking element, the whole of the cavity, which is formed by the recesses, is not filled out.

Abstract: The filaments in a weft thread or yarn in a pneumatic loom are tangled and consolidated to prevent untangling of the weft thread when it is transported, after the tangling, through the weft insertion channel in a loom shed. For this purpose the leading end of the weft thread is temporarily stopped in a weft insertion nozzle pipe by a first air stream the so-called holding air stream (19) with a first pressure (P1) between two weaving cycles following each other for holding the weft thread stretched. At the same time a second air stream (20) having a higher pressure (P2) than the first pressure (P1) and a different flow direction than the first air stream (19) is applied to or along a leading end portion of the weft thread for tangling the filaments and thereby locking or consolidating the filaments in the weft thread. Each weft insertion nozzle pipe has a first port and a second port through which the first and second air streams are introduced into the weft insertion the nozzle pipe.

Abstract: Each lifter (2) has a displacement member (4) which can be connected to at least one directable thread (18) and which has two spring arms (28a, 28b) that can be coupled to lifter blades (34a, 34b) which move up and down. Said lifter blades are not attached to the spring arms (28a, 28b) in the starting position of the latter. In the lower shed position (T), the spring arms (28a, 28b) can be displaced into position for coupling with the lifter blades (34a, 34b) using an actuator (40). The displacement member (4) can be locked in the upper shed position using the same actuator (40). To improve the jacquard machine, the switching member (38) is positioned at the end of a spring tongue (44) that is aligned in the direction of displacement and is fixed to the displacement member (4, 4a) outside the spring arms (28a, 28b). The actuator (40, 40a) is located laterally outside the spring arms (28a, 28b) in such a way that it acts transversally in relation to the latter.

Abstract: In combination with a high-speed spun-bond apparatus, rather than using a circulating sieve belt for collecting the stretched filaments and forming the web, a fabric having a 4-shed double layer with support shute weave design is used. This fabric is commonly referred to as a 4B weave and 4B weave with stuffer in center. In general, the fabric has a permeability ranging from 400 to 800 cfm with a woven or pin seam where the seam permeability and caliper varies only slightly with respect to the rest of the fabric.

Abstract: A method for fueling an automotive vehicle 26 on a conveyer line 28 is provided. The conveyer line 28 moves generally along a first axis 170 and the method utilizes a robotic arm 34 with an end effector 54 for fueling a fuel stem 90 of the vehicle 26. The method includes determining a first position of the fuel stem 90 along the first axis 170. The method further includes moving the robotic arm 34 to position the end effector 54 proximate to the first position. The method further includes determining a three-dimensional position of the fuel stem 90 utilizing a vision system 164. The method further includes moving the end effector 54 proximate to the three-dimensional position to enable the end effector 54 to mate with the fuel stem 90 and moving said robotic arm 34 relative to said first axis 170 at a speed substantially equal to a speed of said conveyer line 28. Finally, the method includes fueling the fuel stem 90 with the end effector 54.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for filling a mixture of at least two components selected from monomeric and oligomeric components into a container, which mixture, after discharge from the container, polymerizes with at least partial volume increase, comprising a mixing zone to which the at least two components to be mixed are fed, the at least two components being mixed under pressure in the mixing zone and the mixture under pressure being filled into the container.

Abstract: A hydrogen fueling station and system for hydrogen fueled vehicles that can transfer any gaseous fuel to any vehicle and can be located in any place where a vehicle can park and where environmental, safety and other regulatory requirements permit gaseous fuel to be transferred. The hydrogen fueling station is vertically elongate and includes an enclosure that has a plurality of housings to house groups of like components. The housings are configured and positively ventilated with external air to prevent the accumulation of leaked hydrogen.

Abstract: Process for withdrawing and pouring out a of measure of liquid from a reservoir with a view to pouring out the withdrawn measure, consisting in:

Abstract: A solder paste for fabricating bumps includes a flux and metallic alloy powder. The metallic alloy powder includes a plurality of low eutectic metallic alloy granules, and the size of these metallic alloy granules is 20-60 &mgr;m and the average size of the metallic granules is 35 &mgr;m to 45 &mgr;m.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hot rolling process for rolling aluminium and aluminium alloys sheets, comprising applying an effective amount of an oil-in-water emulsion comprising water and a water-soluble oil composition comprising a base stock oil and, based on the total weight of the water-soluble oil composition, from 1 to 80% by weight of di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate ester. The invention also relates to a water-soluble aluminium and aluminium hot rolling oil composition, to an oil-in water emulsion prepared therewith and to the use of said oil-in-water emulsion in a hot rolling process.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and materials for preparing metal matrix composite (MMC) components that have low weight, good thermal conductivity and a controllable in-plane coefficient of thermal expansion. One embodiment of the invention features a metal matrix composite that includes a metal alloy and random in-plane discontinuous fibers. In some embodiments, the metal alloy includes aluminum, copper or magnesium. In certain embodiments, the metal matrix composite includes additives that enable solution hardening. In other embodiments, the metal matrix composite includes additives that enable precipitation hardening. Another embodiment of the invention features a method of manufacturing a metal matrix composite. The method includes contacting random in-plane discontinuous fibers with a binder, and pressurizing the random in-plane discontinuous fibers and the binder to form a bound preform. The preform is pressurized to a pressure greater than the molten metal capillary breakthrough pressure of the bound preform.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy pipe, which is composed of an aluminum alloy containing 2.0% (% by mass, the same hereinafter) to 5.0% of Mg, 0.20% or less of Si, 0.30% or less of Fe, 0.8% or less (including 0%) of Mn, 0.35% or less (including 0%) of Cr, and 0.2% or less (including 0%) of Ti, with the balance being Al and inevitable impurities, wherein the aluminum alloy pipe has a 0.2% yield strength of 60 MPa or more and 160 MPa or less and an average crystal grain diameter of 150 &mgr;m or less, and wherein the aluminum alloy pipe has multistage formability.

Abstract: In the production of an aluminum alloy plate for an automobile body, a molten alloy having an aluminum alloy composition of 3.00% by weight≦Mg≦3.50% by weight, 0.20% by weight≦Fe≦0.60% by weight, 0.10% by weight≦Si≦0.15% by weight, 0.01% by weight≦Ti≦0.05% by weight, Mn≦0.05% by weight and the balance of aluminum containing inevitable impurities is subjected to a liquid metal rolling to provide a plate material; the plate material is subjected to a cold rolling to provide a cold-rolled plate; and the cold-rolled plate is subjected to an annealing treatment at a temperature T set in a range of 340° C.≦T≦400° C. and for a period of time t set in a range of 9 hours≦t≦11 hours.

Abstract: Iron based amorphous steel alloy having a high Manganese content and being non-ferromagnetic at ambient temperature. The bulk-solidifying ferrous-based amorphous alloys are multicomponent systems that contain about 50atomic percent iron as the major component. The remaining composition combines suitable mixtures of metalloids (Group b elements) and other elements selected mainly from manganese, chromium, and refractory metals. Various classes of non-ferromagnetic ferrous-based bulk amorphous metal alloys are obtained. One class is a high-manganese class that contains manganese and boron as the principal alloying components. Another class is a high manganese-high molybdenum class that contains manganese, molybdenum, and carbon as the principal alloying components. These bulk-solidifying amorphous alloys can be obtained in various forms and shape for various applications and utlizations. The good processability of these alloys can be attributed to the high reduced glass temperature Trg (e.g., about 0.6 to 0.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method and a device for producing metal, non-rotationally symmetric rings with a constant wall thickness along their circumference, particularly cam rings, starting from a hot-rolled pipe from which individual portions are severed, mechanically machined and subsequently hardened and tempered. Ring blanks of equal width are severed from the pipe and are mechanically machined on all sides, and the non-rotationally symmetric shape is produced by cold forming, the pipe or the severed ring blank having a structure suitable for cold forming.