Abstract: There is provided a particulate filter for trapping particulates contained in an exhaust gas discharged from a combustion chamber of an engine, comprising a plurality of exhaust gas flow passages each formed by three porous partitions extending substantially parallel with each other, each of the exhaust gas flow passages having a triangular cross section, wherein the partitions defining one of the adjacent exhaust gas flow passages are deformed at one end area of the filter so that the partitions at one end area of the filter approach each other toward one of the ends of the filter, the deformed portions of the partitions are connected to each other at their ends, thereby an opening of one of the adjacent exhaust gas flow passages is at least partially closed, the partitions defining the other exhaust gas flow passage are deformed at the other end area of the filter so that the partitions at the other end area of the filter approach each other toward the other end of the filter, and the deformed portions of t

Abstract: An exhaust performance chamber is provided as in interstitial interfitting member or housing which mates between the conventional exhaust manifold exit and tail pipe entrance. The engine typically utilized with the exhaust performance chamber is a high frequency very small engine having a speed of about 30,000 to 35,000 revolutions per minute. Interposing the exhaust performance chamber into a conventional exhaust stream having a manifold and exhaust pipe connection requires an additional seal and perhaps a lengthened spring to complete the exhaust train starting from a standard configuration. The modular property facilitates multiple change-outs to determine the best configuration for a given engine and terrain. In a first embodiment, a chamber is provided ahead of an orifice. In a second embodiment, an expansion chamber is formed. The use of the performance chamber has been shown to increase fuel efficiency and increase low end or initial movement power performance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydraulic circuit for a boom cylinder combination having a float function which is capable of implementing a leveling work in such a manner that a leveling work is performed by lowering a boom based on its self-weight without using an operation oil discharged from a hydraulic pump using an excavator during a leveling work which includes a first inner path which is formed in one side of the boom cylinder combining spool and connects a hydraulic pump and a boom cylinder large chamber in a switching mode, a second inner path which is formed in the other side of the boom cylinder combining spool and connects an operation oil from the hydraulic pump to a hydraulic tank in a switching mode, and a third inner path which is formed in the other side of the boom cylinder combining spool and combines the operation oils from the small chamber and large chamber of the boom cylinder in a switching mode and connects the same to the hydraulic tank.

Abstract: A hydraulic drive system has a variable displacement hydraulic pump; a prime mover driving the hydraulic pump; a variable displacement hydraulic motor fed hydraulic fluid by the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic motor having internal torque control and speed modulation via the variable displacement; and a shaft driven by the hydraulic motor. The prime mover is either an electric motor or an internal combustion engine, advantageously a diesel engine. The system is either an open loop hydraulic system or a closed loop hydraulic system. With the system, relatively low output prime movers are used without reduction in the systems maximum torque output.

Abstract: An actuating device for a hydraulic lifting device has a body, a piston and a lever. The body has an inlet channel communicating with an oil tank and an outlet channel connected to a cylinder. The piston is moveably received in the body to divide a chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber that communicates with the inlet channel and the outlet channel in the body. Two check valves are respectively received in the inlet channel and the outlet channel in the body. A slight gap is defined between the periphery of the piston and the inner surface of the chamber in the body. Accordingly, some oil in the lower chamber is allowed to flow into the upper chamber when the pressure in the outlet channel is over a desired level, and the structure of the actuating device is simple.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine which is provided with exhaust gas re-circulation and an exhaust gas turbocharger with an exhaust gas turbine having variable turbine geometry, and wherein the exhaust gas turbine includes two separate inflow ducts, which are separated in a pressure-tight fashion, one inflow duct communicates with an exhaust gas duct from which a re-circulation line of the exhaust gas re-circulation system extends to an intake duct.

Abstract: An energy producing apparatus and method are provided to harness thermal energy from a down hole resource (such as oil or gas) on an offshore rig and to generate electrical power from the thermal energy. This may include a pipe to receive either the high temperature gas or oil and a power module coupled to the pipe to convert thermal energy from the received oil or gas to electrical power.

Abstract: A power plant for a use device wherein liquid nitrogen and a heated transfer fluid are alternately used to expand and contract a liquid metal like mercury to drive a piston, a crankshaft, and subsequent drive apparatus. A control device is timed with operation of the piston to control various solenoid valves and pumps to cause liquid nitrogen to flow into a jacket around a reservoir containing the liquid metal thereby causing it to cool and move the piston in a return stroke. When appropriate, the heated transfer fluid is pumped into a different enclosure of the jacket to force out remaining nitrogen and thereby to heat the liquid metal and move the piston in a power stroke. The process continues so as to provide continuous power to the use device.

Abstract: It is proposed that, during the operation of a steam turbine of a steam power plant, the internal pressure and also the internal temperature and, in the region outside it, the external temperature be determined in at least one steam-carrying component. As a result of a change in the operating state, in particular in the event of a load change, then, the abovementioned values vary, so that, under some circumstances, the mechanical stresses which in this case act on the steam-carrying component become unacceptably high. Consequently, a spatial temperature distribution and a reference stress of the steam-carrying component are determined from the abovementioned values and compared with a material limit stress. If the reference stress is greater than the material limit stress, a limit steam pressure desired value is determined, and at least one steam valve is set in such a way that the steam pressure on the steam-carrying component corresponds approximately to this limit steam pressure desired value.

Abstract: A cryostat configuration for keeping liquid helium, comprising an outer jacket (2) accommodating a helium container (5), a neck pipe (3) which is filled with gaseous helium during operation, and a refrigerator (1; 1b), wherein the outer jacket (2), the helium container (5) and the neck pipe (3) delimit an evacuated chamber (9) which surrounds the helium container (5); and wherein the refrigerator (1; 1b) has a cooling finger (4) which has a condensation body (15; 15b) in the region of the lower end of the neck pipe (3), is characterized in that the condensation body (15; 15b) is partially surrounded by a condensation chamber (16; 16b) which has a first lower opening (17) to permit draining of liquid helium, and a second opening which communicates with a lower end of a gas supply pipe (18), wherein the upper end of the gas supply pipe (18) terminates in the region of the upper end of the neck pipe (3). This improves the thermal properties of the cryostat configuration.

Abstract: A method of draining and recharging a hermetic compressor with oil using a drainage assembly mounted in the compressor housing. The assembly includes a tube having a valve mounted at one end thereof with the second end of the tube located in the oil sump of the housing. To drain the compressor oil, refrigerant flowing through the discharge and suction lines is shut off. Refrigerant is purged from the housing to create a vacuum therein and the housing is charged with a gas such as dry air or nitrogen. As the compressor housing is charged with gas, the pressure inside the housing increases, forcing the oil through the drainage assembly and out of the compressor. To recharge the compressor with oil, the gases are purged creating a vacuum in the housing. A predetermined amount of oil is drawn into the housing through a service hose. The compressor is purged and recharged with refrigerant.

Abstract: A user-programmable monitoring and dispensing system for controlling the dispensing of water vapor and various other media into an HVAC air stream in residential or commercial structures. The various media to be dispensed are preferably water-soluble, and mixed with the system water supply to be dispensed with the water vapor added to the HVAC air stream. These materials may be fragrances or aromas, intended to produce an aesthetic effect, or they can be agents capable of pesticidal, bacteriacidal, fungicidal or sporacidal effect for use as acute or prophylactic treatment for infestation. The dispensing system central processor is pre-programmed with a default concentration algorithm for each media to be dispensed. The concentration of media in aqueous solution is initially controlled by this default algorithm at each of several concentration levels, from lowest to highest.

Abstract: An air conditioner comprises a plurality of plates arranged in a successively stacked configuration with portions thereof having a spaced apart arrangement, and defining between successive adjacent pairs of plates at the spaced apart portions a first and second series of discrete alternating passages wherein a first air stream is passed through the first series of passages and a second air stream is passed through the second series of passages; and said stacked configuration of plates forming integrally therewith a liquid delivery means for delivering from a source a sufficient quantity of a liquid to the inside surfaces of the first series of fluid passages in a manner which provides a continuous flow of the liquid from a first end to a second end of the plurality of plates while in contact with the first air stream.

Abstract: A hybrid compressor apparatus for a refrigerant cycle is mounted on a vehicle having an engine that stops in accordance with driving conditions of the vehicle. The apparatus includes an electrical motor, a compressor driven by at least one of the engine and the motor for compressing refrigerant in the refrigerant cycle, a controller for controlling operation of the motor and the compressor and for selecting a driving source between the engine and the motor so as to drive the compressor, and a switch for manually setting a normal mode and an economy mode in the refrigerant cycle. The motor drives the compressor when the economy mode is selected while the engine stops. Therefore, an operation load of the compressor can be reduced in the economy mode, and fuel consumption can be reduced.

Abstract: In a vehicle air conditioner, a refrigerant cycle system is constructed to switch a cooling refrigerant cycle where an interior heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, and a hot gas heater cycle where the interior heat exchanger is used as a radiator. Further, determining means of a control unit determines whether the interior heat exchanger has a quantity of retained water in a heating mode with the hot gas heater cycle. When the determining means determines that the interior heat exchanger has the quantity of retained water in the heating mode while a blower stops, operation of the heating mode is stopped. On the other hand, when the determining means determines the interior heat exchanger does not have the quantity of retained water in the heating mode while the blower stops, the operation of the heating mode is performed.

Abstract: An adjustable angle display device for holding and displaying objects includes a base portion, a display portion coupled to the base portion and adapted to pivot about a pivot point, and a positioning device having a first end coupled to the base portion and a second end coupled to the display portion, the positioning device adapted to adjustably position the display portion in a first position and a second position relative to the base. A method of providing an adjustable angle display device includes pivotally coupling a first end of a display portion to a base portion, providing a positioning device to selectively raise and lower a second end of the display device relative to the base portion, coupling the positioning device in operable engagement with the base portion and the display portion, and operating the positioning device to selectively adjust a display angle of the display device.

Abstract: Multi-unit air conditioner including an outdoor unit including a flow path control valve for controlling a flow path of refrigerant from a compressor, outdoor heat exchanger having one side in communication with the flow path control valve, a first bypass pipeline having one end connected to the first pipeline which makes the flow path control valve and the outdoor heat exchanger to be in communication, and the other end connected to the second pipeline connected to the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger, and a flow rate control valve provided on the first bypass pipeline for controlling a flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the first bypass pipeline, an indoor unit having an indoor heat exchanger and indoor electronic expansion valve installed in each of rooms, a distributor for selective distribution of the refrigerant received through one of two pipelines connected to the outdoor unit to the indoor units, and returning to the outdoor unit through the other one pipeline, and controlling means

Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus and control method thereof is provided, in which a pulse width modulation compressor and a two-stage variable-capacity compressor are connected in parallel with each other to control capacities of the two compressors according to indoor air conditioning loads. The air conditioning apparatus is cost-competitive because a capacity supplied by the pulse width modulation compressor is relatively low in cost, and the cost required for manufacturing the compressor is reduced in proportion to the reduced capacity. Accordingly, with the air-conditioning apparatus an effect is obtainable in which a variable-capacity compressor with small capacity and a two-stage variable-capacity compressor with large capacity are controlled as if a large-scale variable-capacity compressor with a same capacity as a total capacity of the two compressors were linearly controlled.

Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus and control method thereof includes an inverter-type compressor and a two-stage variable-capacity compressor connected in parallel with their respective capacities controlled according to indoor air conditioning loads. Thus, the present invention is cost-competitive due to a capacity of the inverter-type compressor being lower than that of the two-stage variable-capacity compressor.

Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus and control method thereof is provided, in which two-stage variable-capacity compressors are connected in parallel with each other to control capacities of the two stage variable-capacity compressors according to indoor air conditioning loads. A pair of two-stage variable-capacity compressors are used in the air conditioning apparatus to be cost competitive and can obtain an effect in which the pair of two-stage variable-capacity compressors are controlled as if a large-scale variable-capacity compressor with a capacity the same as a total capacity of the two compressors were linearly controlled.

Abstract: Multi-unit air conditioner and method for controlling the same, the multi-unit air conditioner including a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers, a plurality of outdoor fans for cooling the outdoor heat exchangers, and control means for controlling rotation speeds of the outdoor fans, to control a gas/liquid refrigerant mixing ratio introduced into the gas-liquid separator through the outdoor heat exchangers, thereby optimizing the mixing ratio of the refrigerant introduced to a gas-liquid separator proper to an operation condition, for improving an air conditioning efficiency.

Abstract: In an electric compressor integrally comprising a compression mechanism, a motor and an electric circuit (inverter) for driving the motor, the electric circuit is protected from thermal damage.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for operating a multi-air conditioner in which indoor rooms can be air-conditioned above a predetermined level. The method includes the steps of: compressing refrigerant at a compressor provided in an outdoor unit and discharging the compressed refrigerant; measuring, in heating mode or cooling mode, a pressure of the refrigerant in a plurality of indoor heat exchangers side and the compressor side; and compensating for the pressure of the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchangers side in a prescribed pressure range at a control unit.

Abstract: A casing 1 of an automotive air conditioner is formed with a recess 12 for accommodating a steering member S extending in a right-left direction of a vehicle. The casing 1 is divided into an instrument panel-side part Rp and a fire panel-side part Fp with the recess 12 as a boundary.

Abstract: A modular refrigeration system having an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, and expansion device fluidly connected by a plurality of conduits. The modular refrigeration system includes an integral base plate to which the evaporator, condenser, expansion device, and compressor are mounted. A compressor mount is formed in the base plate and includes at least one integrally formed stud extending from the base plate. The compressor has at least one mounting flange in which the stud is received. A fastener is affixed to the stud to secure the compressor to the base plate. A drain pan is formed in the base plate beneath the compressor to collect condensate. A drain basin is located beneath the evaporator and is fluidly connected to the drain pan via a trough. Condensate from the evaporator drains to the drain pan where it is evaporated.

Abstract: Multi-type air conditioner including an outdoor unit installed outside of a room having a compressor and an outdoor unit mounted therein, a plurality of indoor units each installed in a room having an electronic expansion valve and an indoor heat exchanger, a distributor for separating refrigerant from the outdoor unit at a gas-liquid separator and guiding separated refrigerant to the plurality of indoor units selectively depending on operation conditions, a first connection pipe for guiding the refrigerant from the outdoor unit to the gas-liquid separator in the distributor, a second connection pipe for guiding the refrigerant from the distributor to the outdoor unit, and a switching part in the outdoor unit having a first four way valve provided to a discharge side of the compressor for selective switching of a flow direction of the refrigerant flowing in the outdoor heat exchanger, and a second four way valve provided to be switched in conformity with switching of the first four way valve for maintaining t

Abstract: In a refrigerant cycle system with a hot gas heater cycle, a pressure difference (&Dgr;Pd) between a high-pressure side refrigerant pressure of the hot gas heater cycle at a start of a heating mode and a high-pressure side refrigerant pressure of the hot gas heater cycle at a predetermined time after the start of the hot-gas heating mode is calculated. When the pressure difference (&Dgr;Pd) is in a predetermined range, it can be determined that the refrigerant is in a normal state. In this case, an electromagnetic clutch is turned on, and a compressor operates. On the other hand, when the pressure difference (&Dgr;Pd) is outside the predetermined range, it can be determined that the refrigerant is in a shortage state. In this case, the electromagnetic clutch is turned off, and the operation of the compressor is stopped.

Abstract: Multi-type air conditioner including a plurality of distributors each including a gas-liquid separator for separating refrigerant from the outdoor unit into gas refrigerant and liquid refrigerant, and distributor pipelines for guiding the gas or liquid refrigerant separated at the gas-liquid separator to the indoor units, and guiding the refrigerant passed through the indoor unit to the outdoor unit again, and an equalizing pipeline part for connecting the distributors for equal supply of refrigerant, thereby installing the indoor unit easily, and improving an air conditioning efficiency by supplying the refrigerant, equally.

Abstract: An apparatus for a countertop ice dispenser or ice and beverage dispenser is made from a single piece plastic ice bin. Parts for the dispenser are assembled into sub-assemblies before final assembly. The ice bin may be made by a rotomolding process. This uses relatively inexpensive molds with reasonable control over the thickness of the resulting bin, while allowing up to 0.005″ of variation per inch of length in the overall size of the ice bin. The resulting ice bin has hollow walls that can be filled with insulating foam. An attractive dispenser may be assembled from such an ice bin, with metal panels and a plastic base. If a combined ice/beverage dispenser is desired, a cold plate and dispensing valve may be included. The plastic base and a plastic drain pan have integral attachments that mate for assembly. The dispenser may also be easily disassembled for repair.

Abstract: A portable cooling or heating system suitable for use on a vehicle such as a car, plane or boat, that does not have its own air conditioning system. The system is intended to be combined with a portable cooler chest and includes an electric fan unit that can be powered from the power supply on a vehicle. The cooling is provided by ice and the like. The system can also be used to heat a confined space by placing a hot material in the chest.

Abstract: A portable cooling tray for cooling food materials. The cooling tray having a top surface defining a well into which one or more ice packs can be set. This well recessed so that that upper surface of the ice packs are level with the top surface of the cooling tray thereby forming a planar surface onto which the food materials or containers of food materials can be rested.

Abstract: The vibrating tongue ring is small body jewelry, specifically designed to be inserted into a tongue piercing. Vibration is activated by a motor either with a cylinder design or a flat disc design, which is powered by a miniature battery. The vibrating portion of the tongue ring is new and no prior art exists to improve upon.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a glass substrate for a magnetic disk. The method includes the step of scrub-etching the glass substrate using a pad in the presence of an acid treatment solution. As the acid treatment solution, hydrofluoric acid is used in a range of 0.01 to 1 wt %. The scrub-etching step is performed at temperatures ranging from 5 to 60° C. for 1 second to 300 seconds. The method produces a substrate that is substantially free of asperity.

Abstract: Methods of forming glass articles sensitive to aggressive heat treatment are disclosed. Glass preforms have sections of glass fusion bonded to the preforms, and the preforms are subsequently drawn into glass articles.

Abstract: A method for producing a crystallized glass member, the method includes: precisely polishing each surface of two or more crystallizable original glass components having an identical composition so that the polished surfaces to be brought into contact with each other have a flatness of &lgr; (633 nm) or less; heating the glass components to a first temperature in a glass transition region while the surfaces are brought into contact with each other so as to fuse the glass components; and heating an original glass member prepared by fusing the glass components at a second temperature which is higher than the first temperature in the glass transition region, so as to crystallize and bond the original glass member.

Abstract: A plunger (10) for intermittently delivery counterblow air to a gob glass at a formable temperature in a blank mold of a I.S. glass container forming machine that is being operated on the blow and blow process. The plunger comprises a fixed annular member (12) with an enlarged recess (12a) at an inlet end and a valve seat (12d) at an upper end. The plunger also has a sliding valve member (14) within an annulus of the annular member (12), and the valve member (14) has a stem portion (14a) and an enlarged valve seat portion (14b) at a free end thereof. The plunger further has a collar (16) threadably and adjustably secured to the stem portion of the sliding valve member, and the collar, which is slidable within the recess of the annular member, has a plurality of air flow passages (16a) extending therethrough. Pressurized air is intermittently delivered to the recess of the annular member (12) through an inlet line (20), which has an on/off valve (22) therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for bending and tempering glass panels. The apparatus comprises a number of ring moulds (1) for supporting and conveying glass panels; a number of preheating sections (2) for heating glass panels to a bending temperature; at least one prebending section (2a) for sagging a glass panel gravitationally; a bending section (3) provided with a hoistable and descendable press mould (4); and an annealing section (12) for tempering a bent glass panel. The bending section (3) is provided with a hoistable and descendable mould supporting frame (7) for supporting the mould (1) from below during a press-bending operation. The supporting frame (7) is mounted on a mobile cassette wagon (8) which constitutes a replaceable floor for the bending section (3).

Abstract: The apparatus for refining a glass melt has a refining unit, which includes a horizontally extending refining section for removal of rising gas bubbles from the glass melt flowing through the refining section. So that the refining section can be shortened in contrast to a refining section in an apparatus with an open channel flow, the refining section according to the invention is formed so that the glass melt flow rate is higher over a substantial lengthwise portion of it near its bottom and lower near a surface of the glass melt flowing through it in comparison to the corresponding flow rates in an open channel flow for the same throughput. The refining section is advantageously at least partially covered with a fire resistant cover, which contacts the glass melt flowing through it and has at least one opening through which gas bubbles can escape. In addition the refining section may be provided with built-in elements shaped to provide the desired improved flow rate profile for the glass melt.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for drawing microstructured fibers. A preform having a first set of holes and a second set of holes is provided, and the first set of holes is coupled to a first pressure system, while the second set of holes remains substantially uncoupled to the first pressure system. The pressures of the sets of holes may be independently set or controlled to yield a desired hole geometry in the drawn microstructured optical fiber. The present invention also provides preforms suitable for use with the methods of the invention.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a spinner for rotary fiberization is provided. The method may include providing a blank of a high temperature metal, deep drawing the blank using a punch and a die to form a cup structure, installing a multi-component mandrel assembly in the cup structure, cold working the cup structure to form an inwardly-directed annular lip, disassembling the mandrel assembly, and removing the individual mandrel components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a single knit tubular blank, and the resultant blank and products. The method provides two circular knit brassieres each having first and second layers, thereby minimizing the steps in the process of manufacturing.

Abstract: The purpose of this invention is to provide taping socks which hold the ankle so as to protect the instep or the Achilles' tendon and prevent intorelance during walking or exercising. In the taping socks which have tightening parts woven in the socks, the first tightening part 7a is to tighten the Achilles' tendon and to be knitted around an ankle part S00, and a second tightening part 7b is to tighten an arch part P00 and to be knitted around the instep part 5. The said first tightening part 7a and said second tightening part 7b are crossed in an X shape at a flection part of front side to protect the Achilles' tendon and the instep part as well as hold the ankle part S00.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved washing machine equipped with means for generating microbubbles of air in the detergent-containing water circulated from and to the stationary outer tub of the washing machine.

Abstract: A lock assembly for deterring the unauthorized access to a firearm includes an elongated cable fixed at one end in a lock housing or an enlarged member. The lock housing is provided with a bore for receiving a free end of the cable. A key lock cylinder is mounted in the housing and includes a rotatable inner cylinder which causes a locking member to engage a groove in the cable free end to secure such end in the lock housing when the inner cylinder is turned by a key to its locked position. Turning the inner cylinder in the opposite direction causes the locking member to be withdrawn from the groove to allow the free end to be withdrawn from the lock housing.

Abstract: A system and apparatus which includes one or more locking container devices comprising a closeable container for holding at least one object; lock coupled to the container and moveable between a lock position and an unlock position; and programmable timer circuit for actuating the lock at a programmed time which is either specified or randomly set. The container device alternatively includes a receiving component for sensing a change an external condition including but not limited to, geographic location, temperature, sound and one or more predetermined operations. The timer circuit is alternatively unlocked by receiving an unlock signal via an appropriate communication medium from a remote source. The container device also includes a transmitter for transmitting an appropriate signal to the remote source. An interface terminal is coupled to the remote source and configured to accept at least one external condition instruction to be transmitted to the receiving component.

Abstract: In some embodiments of the present invention, a freewheeling lock assembly is provided that includes a housing at least partially defining a cavity and having a central axis, an actuator rotatably coupled to the housing and substantially axially fixed with respect to the housing, a lock cylinder received within the cavity, having a locked configuration and an unlocked configuration, and rotatable with respect to the housing in both the locked and unlocked configurations, and a clutch having a sleeve and a disk that are received by the cavity and that selectively couple the lock cylinder and the actuator for rotation together in response to rotation of the lock cylinder in one of the locked and unlocked configurations. In some embodiments, the lock cylinder remains substantially axially stationary with respect to the housing when rotated.

Abstract: The present invention provides biological fertilizer compositions that comprise yeast cells and swine manure. The yeast cells of the invention have an enhanced ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, decompose phosphorus minerals and compounds, decompose potassium minerals and compounds, decompose complex carbon compounds, overproduce growth factors, overproduce ATP, decompose undesirable chemicals, suppress growth of pathogenic microorganisms, or reduce undesirable odor. The biological fertilizer composition of the invention can replace mineral fertilizers in supplying nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to crop plants. Methods of manufacturing biological fertilizer compositions, and methods of uses are also encompassed.

Abstract: An improved filter pipe is disclosed, and also an improved apparatus is disclosed for making the improved filter pipe. The apparatus is meant for perforating, forming and cutting spirally formed pipe, particularly spiral pipes having a diameter of approximately one inch or more. The filter pipe has a unique corrugated or fluted configuration that adds section modulus to the pipe, potentially allowing for the use of thinner sheet metal in manufacturing such pipes and in filters made from such pipes. A machine for manufacturing the spiral pipe may include special machinery for forming the unique corrugated or fluted configuration.

Abstract: The present specification discloses a swaging press including a piston member (30) cooperable with a plurality of die shoes (40) to drive the die shoes inwardly upon axial movement of the piston member (30) during a swaging operation, the piston member (30) having a frusto-conical recessed region (31) divided into a plurality of circumferentially disposed bearing surface zone (33) of a defined axial length, each of the bearing surface zones (33) having an inner axial end (35) with a numerical radius of curvature less than or equal to the radius of curvature of a circular line (36) forming the lateral edges of each of the bearing surface zones (33) at the inner axial end (35) whereby at least 50% of the outer bearing surface (41) of each said die shoe (40) remains in bearing engagement with the adjacent said bearing surface zone (33) over the axial movement of the piston member (30) during a swaging operation.

Abstract: A method for producing a bumper reinforcement having a hollow and a substantially rectangular cross sectional shape formed by the steps of providing a straight tubular member and forming a curved bumper reinforcement, continuously; wherein angle portions of the straight tubular member having the radius of curvature established in profiling corner portions of an inner die having the radius established in larger than the radius of the corner portions of the outer die are bulged in a range of relief spaces formed between the corresponding corner portions of the inner die and the outer die to prevent generation of the wrinkles particularly on the angle portions of the straight tubular member while being curved.