Abstract: A concrete composition contain glass, including ordinary recycled glass is provided. The invention also relates to methods of producing the concrete compositions of the invention. A concrete composition containing glass particles, including recycled glass, a substance to mitigate alkali-silica reaction such as E-glass particles, and or pozzolans and/or lithium-containing substances, and cement is provided as well. Compositions containing E-glass (also known as electric glass) and processes for producing E-glass-containing compositions are also provided.

Abstract: Composition for treating and stabilizing soils, in particular wet soils, comprising, in the form of a powder having a particle size less than 5 mm, quicklime and/or calcium-based hydraulic binders, as well as a non-aqueous fluid additive capable of agglomerating the finer particles of the composition together.

Abstract: A spray gluing unit in a machine for wrapping products advancing along a pass line comprises a gluer equipped with a nozzle having an outlet from which adhesive is directed onto a wrapping material enveloping the products, and a cleaning station equipped with a first movable member carrying a scraper blade and a wetting pad to which silicone oil is supplied; the scraper blade and the wetting pad are designed to interact with a flat surface of the gluer and with an end face of the outlet, occupying substantially the same plane, so as to remove any residual adhesive from the gluer and keep the outlet moistened.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coating system in the form of a vehicle (3), which can travel in a pipe (1) or a duct. The coating system is pulled over an appropriately stabilised section of piping (4) in such a way that the inner wall (58) can be evenly coated by a rotating distributor (18) with an outlet opening (29). The various product and supply lines (20, 21, 22, 136) are securely accommodated inside the section of piping (4) by means of a highly resistant flexible tube (138) into which they are drawn. Said flexible tube is air-tightly sealed by covers (148, 149) or a terminal block (150) at the ends and is also configured to absorb tensile forces. The individual supply and product lines (20, 21, 22, 136) are thereby protected in the section of piping (4) without being subjected to excessive pulling or other forces. They are also prevented from interfering with each other.

Abstract: A powder facility used for spray coating includes at least one injection unit (6), at least two powder stations (2) and at least one cleaning unit (16) which are mutually displaceably in program-controlled manner in order to alternatively convey powder from one of the powder receptacles of the powder stations or to clean the powder-flow itineraries using compressed cleaning air.

Abstract: An applicator includes a slot and a reservoir which extends from the slot and has a shape which generally conforms to the slot. The reservoir is configured to contain a liquid therein. A piston which conforms to the reservoir is configured to move in the reservoir to thereby urge the liquid in the reservoir toward the slot.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of finishing doors that have been hung, including a lightweight, collapsible, portable tool which surrounds the door, preventing over spray. The tool is moved to the door, adjusted to size, and the door is finished.

Abstract: Temperature control of the coating medium is performed to influence the processability of coating media in an applicator system. In order to operate without losing efficiency, devices acting directly from the inside or the outside for heat supply or dissipation are connected to the elements guiding the coating medium. The temperature of the coating medium is influenced by measuring the temperature within the coating medium and, if necessary, at the elements guiding the coating medium.

Abstract: A conveyor system for parts coupled to a loadbar assembly is disclosed. The conveyor system includes a walking beam conveyor and a push bar conveyor. The loadbar assembly and walking beam conveyor are configured to allow transfer of parts coupled to loadbar assemblies along a path through upward and downward and forward and reverse movements of the walking beam conveyor. The push bar conveyor and the loadbar assembly are configured to urge parts coupled to the loadbar assemblies through the push bar conveyor by an incremental distance substantially equal to the length of a segment bar of the loadbar assembly.

Abstract: A method of removing surface-deposited contaminants, comprising bringing an ozone-containing treating solution into contact with the surface of a treating target on which contaminants have deposited. The ozone-containing treating solution comprises an organic solvent having a partition coefficient to ozone in a gas, of 0.6 or more, and ozone having been dissolved in the solvent. Contaminants having deposited on the surfaces of various articles including substrates for electronic devices, such as semiconductor substrates and substrates for liquid crystal display devices can be removed by room-temperature and short-time treatment in a high safety and a good efficiency.

Abstract: Apparatus for wiping a contaminated lumen of an endoscope including a cleaning member having at least one radially extending fin for passing axially through the lumen with at most a small clearance whereby contamination remaining after passage of the member through the lumen is substantially uniformly distributed as a thin film on an internal wall of the lumen. The invention also relates to a method for cleaning a contaminated lumen of an endoscope including pulling or pushing a cleaning member axially through the lumen and treating the uniformly distributed film with a cleaning composition.

Abstract: A method of producing a magnetic recording medium comprising the steps of providing a substrate having a layer of a non-magnetic material that can be converted into a magnetic state by annealing, and then converting selected portions of the non-magnetic layer to a magnetic state by subjecting them to annealing by directing a focussed beam of radiation onto the substrate to form a patterned magnetic layer comprising an ordered array of magnetic regions separated by non-magnetic regions.

Abstract: The invention discloses a carburizing steel composition comprising, by weight: 0.06% to 0.18% of C; 0.5% to 1.5% of Si; 0.2% to 1.5% of Cr; 1% to 3.5% of Ni; 1.1% to 3.5% of Mo; and, if appropriate: at most 1.6% of Mn; and/or at most 0.4% of V; and/or at most 2% of Cu; and/or at most 4% of Co; the complement being constituted by iron and residual impurities; the amounts of Ni, Mn, Cu, Co, Cr, Mo and V in said composition, expressed by weight, satisfying the following relationships: 2.5≦Ni+Mn+1.5Cu+0.5Co≦5  (1) 2.4≦Cr+Mo+V≦3.7  (2) and a process for producing carburized and treated parts produced from the compositions.

Abstract: This invention provides a steel sheet for a mask frame which maintains a tension-type color CRT shadow mask under tension. The steel sheet has a steel composition consisting essentially of, in mass %, C: 0.03-0.30%, Si: at most 0.30%, Mn: 0.05-1.5%, P: at most 0.05%, S: at most 0.02%, Mo: 0.02-0.50%, V: 0.02-0.20%, Al: at most 0.10%, N: 0.0040-0.0200%, optionally one or two or more of Cu: at most 1.0%, Ni: at most 1.0%, Cr: at most 2.0%, W: at most 1.0%, B: at most 0.003%, Ti: at most 0.030%, and Nb: at most 0.030%, and a balance of iron and unavoidable impurities, with Al≦(7.0)N, and having a metal structure in which the ferrite grain size is at most 15 micrometers and the ferrite volume ratio is at most 90%. The steel sheet is manufactured by hot rolling of a slab having the above-described steel composition under the conditions of a finishing temperature of 820-950° C. and a coiling temperature of 400-700° C.

Abstract: Machine part is constituted with steel with the carbon content of 0.2% or more and reduced with the hydrogen content after hardening by a heat treatment to 0.04 ppm or less. Further, hardness after hardening by the heat treatment is made to Hv 450 or more. Since such a machine part is excellent in the super long life fatigue characteristics, it can be used suitably as a bearing ring or a rolling element of a rolling bearing.

Abstract: An electrode composition that includes an electrode material consisting essentially of at least one electrochemically inactive elemental metal and at least one electrochemically active elemental metal in the form of an amorphous mixture at ambient temperature. The mixture remains amorphous when the electrode composition is incorporated into a lithium battery and cycled through at least one full charge-discharge cycle at ambient temperature.

Abstract: An ingot of a copper-base alloy containing a total of 0.

Abstract: A steel material excellent in weathering resistance by defining the chemical ingredients in the steel each to a predetermined range and setting an ingredient parameter formula in accordance with the working circumstance thereby reducing the flow rust and, particularly, forming stable rust with good protective property even in a salty circumstance such as in coast districts is provided. Further, also considering the amount of A type inclusions and B type inclusions according to JIS G 0555, a steel material of excellent earthquake proofness and weathering proofness also including weld heat affect zone is provided.

Abstract: Gypsum plaster compositions with improved adhesion to plastic surfaces and metal surfaces comprise from 10 to 90% by weight of gypsum plaster, based on the total weight of the composition, and also, where appropriate, other additives, and a combination of: a) one or more water-redispersible polymer powders based on one or more vinyl ester, (meth)acrylate, vinylaromatic, olefin, 1,3-diene, or vinyl halides monomers, and optionally other monomers copolymerizable therewith; and b) one or more alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal salts of short-chain fatty acids having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton and from 1 to 4 carboxy groups, and which contain no OH groups.

Abstract: A driving shaft includes yokes at both its ends and an intermediate slidable portion composed of a male shaft member and a female shaft member fitted with each other by means of splines. The male shaft member includes a hollow shaft member having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of one end of the female shaft member on the side of the male shaft member, and a splined male member having a splined slidable portion to be fitted in the splined hole of the female shaft member and a fixing portion fitted in the hollow shaft member. An elastic body interposed between the inner surface of the hollow shaft member and the outer surface of the fixing portion to fix the splined male member to the hollow shaft member. In producing such a driving shaft, before fitting the splined male member in the hollow shaft member, a resin coating is applied to either the inner surface of the hollow shaft member or the fixing portion of the splined male member.

Abstract: A method for fabricating composite light-weighted glass ceramics, suitable for use as, e.g. mirror blanks or microlithography stages, at low temperatures is disclosed. Component pieces are polished then joined at low temperature using a silicate-containing joining liquid. Assembly is then performed in such a way that the joining liquid forms an interface between each component. After a period of low or slightly elevated temperature curing, rigid joints are formed throughout and the composite is dimensionally, vibrationally, and temperature stable and can withstand tensile stresses >4000 psi. The room-temperature cured composite can be heat treated using a slow, systematic temperature increase to dehydrate the joints. A sealing coating may optionally be provided to prevent excess dried joining liquid from flaking off the formed joint.

Abstract: A multi-layer tile material produced from layers of alumina enhanced thermal barrier material having different densities. The insulation layers are bound together by a high strength, high temperature alumina or silica binder having a coefficient of thermal expansion similar to that of the insulation layers. Use of the multi-layered tile allows the problems of tile slumping and of insufficient heat management associated with low density alumina enhanced thermal barrier tile to be overcome.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a high transverse-curvature motor-bike tire includes the steps of providing a carcass structure on a main assembly drum, providing at least one strip made of an elastomeric material incorporating a plurality of reinforcing cords on a comb-like drum, radially expanding radially-mobile sectors associated with the drum, circumferentially winding at least one inextensible cord on the at least one strip to form circumferential coils and to define a belt structure, circumferentially associating a tread around the belt structure, and associating the belt structure, together with the tread, around the carcass structure. The at least one cord is wound on the at least one strip at a substantially-null angle with respect to the equatorial plane of the drum according to a winding direction adapted to compression-stress, at least during initial winding, elastomeric material portions interposed between consecutive reinforcing cords incorporated in the at least one strip.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a vehicular pneumatic tire, in which, in order to produce and apply a preferably unvulcanized tread strip to a partial tire, which already has a cambered carcass and a ply packet radially outward therefrom, at least two strips of material, each consisting of a mixture of rubber and/or plastic, are applied to the partial tire. At least one strip of material is wound in numerous essentially adjoining windings running in the circumferential direction of the tire. In the case of two strips of material, these consist of different mixtures and, depending upon the desired characteristics of the tire, are arranged simultaneously or sequentially on different areas in the inner or the radially outer zone of the space occupied by the finished tread strip.

Abstract: The method of the invention for disposal of waste paper grids in printing machines consists substantially in that the produced strip-shaped grids are spirally wound to form a tube-shaped body that can easily be further treated or disposed of. To this end, a spiral winding apparatus is used and arranged directly above the printing machine.

Abstract: A method for the automated, series application of a self-adhering protective film to a surface portion of vehicle body includes (1) readying of a film piece, pulled off from a supply roll, in a readying station in a stretched-out, fold-free state by at least one holding element; and (2) pulled off the film piece to the desired length from the supply roll, cutting off the film piece and holding on opposite edges, with the fold-free stretched-out state being retained and being transferred into the application station. The next film piece, which is pulled behind by the film piece is held stretched out in the fold-free state by the at least one holding element of the readying station. The film piece is applied to the body by lowering it in a positionally correct manner, by the at least one application robot, onto an associated surface portion of the body and is pressed onto the portion in a fold-free and bubble-free manner.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process comprising the steps of (a) applying less than about 0.1 grams per square meter (gsm) of a release agent to a transfer surface, wherein the release agent is selected such that a test sample of the release agent having a concentration at or above its critical surface tension concentration, has a surface tension of less than about 50 dyne/cm or forms a contact angle with the material of the transfer surface of less than about 120°; (b) applying an adhesive to the transfer surface; and (c) transferring the adhesive from the transfer surface to a material web. Preferred embodiments are provided where the transfer surface is metals, polymers, elastomers, ceramics, wood, or combinations thereof and the release agent has the formula: X—CF2O—(C2F4O)p—(CF2O)q—CF2—X. Additional embodiments are provided to continuous and intermittent processes.

Abstract: A method for the fabrication of a filter in a frame where a pre-formed pleated filter matrix is inserted into an injection mold tool. Then a suitable elastic thermoplastic material is injected into the tool. The amount of elastic thermoplastic material injected is less than the available space between the filter matrix and the tool so that the pressure will rapidly drop as the material flows from the point of injection.

Abstract: A method for the production of a trim part for decorative purposes, especially for the forming of interior and/or exterior trim parts for motor vehicles, having a thin ornamental layer made from an inorganic and/or crystalline material that is fragile in thin-layer form, especially natural stone, includes the following method steps: first, a flexible, at least partially transparent stabilizing material is applied to the surface of a block of inorganic and/or crystalline material and is separated together with a thin ornamental layer from the block of inorganic and/or crystalline material; then the laminate of ornamental layer and stabilizing material is placed in a casting mold for the trim part; the casting mold is closed by moving an upper mold and a lower mold relative to one another, and the ornamental layer is thereby shaped into a desired three-dimensional form determined by the casting mold; then the casting mold is filled with at least approximately transparent material and the ornamental layer is the

Abstract: A method for forming a dielectric structure. A first layer is formed, wherein the first layer includes a first fully cured photoimageable dielectric (PID) material. A sticker lays is nonadhesively formed on the first layer, wherein the sticker layer includes a partially cured PID material. A second layer is nonadhesively formed on the sticker layer, wherein the second layer includes a second fully cured PID material, wherein the sticker layer is nonadhesively sandwiched between the first layer and the second layer such that the sticker layer is in non-adhesive contact with the first layer and in non-adhesive contact with the second layer, and wherein the sticker layer is capable of remaining in non-adhesive contact with the first layer and the second layer until the sticker layer is subsequently subjected to additional curing.

Abstract: To provide an anisotropically conductive adhesive composition that can be rapidly cured at a low temperature during thermocompression bonding and has a sufficiently long working life, while also exhibiting excellent mutual connection stability after connection between substrates. The anisotropically conductive adhesive composition comprises an epoxy resin comprising a cycloaliphatic epoxy resin and a glycidyl group-containing epoxy resin, an ultraviolet activatable cationic polymerization catalyst and a cationic polymerization retarder, and conductive particles.

Abstract: A range of damage and wear-susceptible articles, including such as drinkware and flatware, and heat-susceptible articles, have a tough, protective plastic coating applied in sealing, protective relation with a surface portion. The protective coating may hermetically seal underlying decorative material, including toxic materials. Digital ink jet printing may be applied directly or by transfer, including pad transfer. A plastic undercoating incorporating an adhesion promoting additive may first be applied by DIJ printing or by flow coating. The impact resistance of drinking glasses can be improved ten-fold with a hard, visually undetectible 5-mil outer coating selected from polyesters and other polymers, polyurethanes and acrylates having the desired visual, toughness and bonding characteristics. With u.v. curing, high speed economic automated line production, the process is applicable to a wide range of articles.

Abstract: The invention concerns an air permeable paper sheet as support element for a layer of fabrics (mat) on a production line in particular during the cutting phase. The invention is characterized in that said sheet has in its thickness pores or fine perforations distributed over the whole surface thereof, said sheet having a bulkiness or hand more than 2.5 cm3/g, enabling it to allow air to pass through by the suction effect produced from beneath its lower surface.

Abstract: The gluing together of flat materials between belt faces (21, 22), facing one another, of belt conveyors (15, 16) arranged over one another is effected usually with the application of heat and pressure. However there are pressure sensitive materials that with the gluing may only be impinged with a slight pressure. Here already the weight of the sagging belt face (21) of the upper belt conveyor may lead to an excessive pressure loading and a permanent deformation of the materials caused by way of this. The invention solves the mentioned problem in that the upper belt face (21) located above the materials to be glued is held up without contact, e.g., by means of suction nozzles or magnets. The sagging of the belt face (21) is alleviated by way of this and an undesirable high pressure loading of the materials to be glued is avoided. By way of the contactless holding-up of the belt face (21) the suction nozzles or magnets do not interfere.

Abstract: A method and means for exposing components (13) positioned in sequence in a carrier tape (7) and covered by a cover tape (8), in order to release and lift the cover tape from the carrier tape and expose the components in a picking position (12) for subsequent picking by a pick-up head in a component mounting machine. Comprising steps and means for continuously directing and discharging any released debris such that accumulation of debris is prevented.

Abstract: A chemical-mechanical jet etching method rapidly removes large amounts of material in wafer thinning, or produces large-scale features on a silicon wafer, gallium arsenide substrate, or similar flat semiconductor workpiece, at etch rates in the range of 10-100 microns of workpiece thickness per minute. A nozzle or array of nozzles, optionally including a dual-orifice nozzle, delivers a high-pressure jet of machining etchant fluid to the surface of the workpiece. The machining etchant comprises a liquid or gas, carrying particulate material. The liquid may be a chemical etchant, or a solvent for a chemical etchant, if desired. The areas which are not to be etched may be shielded from the jet by a patterned mask, or the jet may be directed at areas from which material is to be removed, as in wafer thinning or direct writing, depending on the size of the desired feature or etched area.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for continuous cooking of wood chips at elevated pressure and temperature in a vertical digester (1) for production of chemically dissolved pulp. Fiber material and cooking liquor are introduced at the top of the digester and pulp is discharged from the bottom of the digester (1), via a line (8) in which the pulp is maintained at substantially the same pressure level, to a pressurized wash (7). More than 50% of the used cooking liquor (black liquor) which is extracted from the system in total is extracted from the wash filtrate of the pressurized wash. The pressurized wash is regulated so that a high temperature is maintained in the wash filtrate. The extraction is regulated so that a net co-current flow is established at the bottom of the digester.

Abstract: A method for brightening chemical pulps with less than 18% lignin utilizing a magnesium compound in a sodium silicate solution to form a higher percentage of high molecular weight silicates. Such high molecular weight silicates preferentially adsorb transition metal impurities, which, if left in solution, would tend to decompose hydrogen peroxide and organic peroxides. Hydrogen peroxide is added to peroxide and peroxide/oxygen stages, while it is generated, along with organic peroxides during an oxygen stage.

Abstract: Disclosed are adhesive formulations as creping process aids for producing an absorbent creped cellulosic sheet having a high level of surface-perceived softness that comprises continuously forming a web of cellulosic papermaking fibers, adhering said web to a thermal drying means by means of adhesive compositions comprising polymers having at least one primary or secondary amine group in the backbone such as chitosan, plolyvinylamine, polyvinyl alcohol-vinyl amine and polyaminoamide in combination with crosslinking agents such as zirconium compounds having a valence of plus four including ammonium zirconium carbonate, zirconium acetylacetonate, zirconium acetate, zirconium carbonate, zirconium sulfate, zirconium phosphate, potassium zirconium carbonate, zirconium sodium phosphate and sodium zirconium tartrate and creping said treated web from said thermal drying means.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of single-ply, absorbent paper product, printed on before or after embossing on the Yankee side, air side, or both sides, having a serpentine configuration; low sidedness; a basis weight of at least about 12.5 lbs. per 3000 square foot ream; a specific total tensile strength between 40 and 200 g/3 inches/lb per 3000 square foot ream; a cross direction specific wet tensile strength between 2.75 and 20.0 g/3 inches/lb per 3000 square foot ream; an MD tensile to CD tensile ratio between 1.25 and 2.75; a specific geometric mean tensile stiffness between 0.5 and 3.2 g/inch/% strain per pound per 3000 square foot ream; a friction deviation of less than 0.250; a sidedness parameter of less than 0.30; and a printed sidedness value of &Dgr;E of less than 2.

Abstract: A method for the production of a liner comprising at least a top layer and a base layer is provided, wherein a forming section with at least two forming units is used to create a fiber web, said fiber web being conveyed through a press section and further to a drying section, said press section comprising a number of roll nips and at least one impermeable transfer belt with at least one smooth surface, wherein said transfer belt runs through the last nip in the press section in such a manner that its top layer is pressed against said smooth surface of the transfer belt.

Abstract: Fine paper is manufactured in a paper machine by feeding stock into a headbox (100) from a short circulation the stock volume of which has been minimized, water is removed from the paper web (W) most advantageously in a gap former (250), in the press section (300) water is pressed out of the paper web (W) in an extended nip press (360), in the dryer section (400) impingement drying (450) is employed for the drying of the paper web (W), the paper web (W) is pre-calendered in a calender (900) employing low nip loads, both surfaces of the paper web (W) are precoated at the same time, after precoating (500) the paper web (W) is dried by means of contact-free drying (660), the paper web (W) is coated in an on-line coating station/stations (700, 800), after which the paper web (W) is at least partly dried in a drying section/sections (750, 850) by means of contact-free drying of the paper web (W), and the paper web (W) is calendered in an on-line calender (900) while the linear load in each nip is regulated separat

Abstract: A process that can be used for producing a starch product is provided. The process comprises heating a composition, which comprises or consists essentially of a starch, a polyacrylamide, and a multivalent cation. The weight ratio of starch to polyacrylamide is greater than about 2 to 1. The process can also comprise heating a composition, which comprises or consists essentially of a starch and a polyacrylamide to produce a heated composition followed by contacting the heated composition with a multivalent cation. The heating can be carried out at a pH above 7.0 if the polyacrylamide is a cationic polyacrylamide or nonionic polyacrylamide and, if the starch is a cationic starch and the polyacrylamide is an amphoteric polyacrylamide or anionic polyacrylamide, the heating neutralizes less than 75% of the cationic starch.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for imparting a smooth surface to gypsum fiber panels. The method involves imparting energy to the surface of a slurry as the slurry is dewatered just prior to rehydration. The apparatus used to impart the energy is a water spray including a source of pressurized water such as a pump, a distribution manifold and a plurality of nozzles to direct the water spray at the surface of the slurry. In operation, the water spray is directed against the surface of the slurry. The flow disrupts the slurry to a fraction of its total depth, thus dispersing clumps or flocs of commingled crystals and fibers in the depth that would give the surface of the finished panel a rough surface if they were allowed to remain.

Abstract: This invention relates to a three-stream atomizing nozzle for use with a rewet shower. The nozzle has an air stream divider that separates the atomizing air from the source into three streams. The first stream is a straight air stream staying closest to and around the atomized water jet. The second stream is a swirl running around the first straight stream. The third stream is also a straight stream that wraps around the first straight stream and the second swirl. The nozzle also has a mixing chamber in which the three air streams are mixed together for the atomizing purpose. The nozzle can from the combination of the three air streams produce fine water droplets that are suitable for a paper rewet shower and more importantly creates a tailorable water mass profile. The mass profile can be tailored into a shape that is close to a square shape which is ideal for rewet showers as a square profile creates minimal coupling between adjacent zones.

Abstract: A press fabric for the press section of a paper machine has a base fabric which includes a nonwoven mesh fabric. The base fabric, or a layer thereof, is assembled in integral form using a strip or strips of the nonwoven mesh fabric. The assembly may be effected by spirally winding the nonwoven mesh fabric in a plurality of non-overlapping turns, by abutting each turn of the nonwoven mesh fabric against that previously wound, and by joining each turn of the nonwoven mesh fabric to that previously wound to form an endless loop. Alternatively, a plurality of endless loops of equivalent length are formed from separate strips of nonwoven mesh fabric, and arranged in a side-by-side abutting relationship. The endless loops are then joined, one to the next, to provide a base fabric, or component thereof, in the form of an endless loop.

Abstract: Felt for use in a paper machine, with a textile backing element (20, 60) that comprises threads oriented transversely (30) and longitudinally (40) with respect to the direction of transport of the paper machine, and onto which fibres are needled to form a felt structure, wherein at least some of the transverse threads (30) exhibit a twisted structure (10).

Abstract: To improve the water squeezing function of a shoe press belt for papermaking, the wet web side layer of a main body of the belt is composed of a high molecular weight elastic material, and the wet web facing surface of the wet web side layer is made hydrophobic. Water, squeezed from the wet web under compression in a shoe press, and transferred to the surface of the wet web side layer of the belt through a felt, may be shaken off reliably before the belt is again subjected to compression.

Abstract: A method for removing dissolved solids, particularly salts, from water. An apparatus for performing the inventive method is disclosed. The aqueous solution to be treated, for example sea water, is atomized using special non-pneumatic nozzles, and sprayed into an evaporation chamber through which air, heated by waste heat, is blown. The micro-droplets undergo rapid evaporation in the chamber, resulting in the separation of the salt solids from the vapor phase of the water. The mixture of suspended solids and water vapor is filtered to remove and collect the salts, and the water vapor is condensed to collect the salt-free water.

Abstract: In a process for decomposing pollutants by bringing pollutants contained in air into contact with air that contains chlorine, under irradiation by light, at least part of a chlorine-generating solution present in a chlorine generation region is fed to a means for forming the functional water by electrolysis to effect regeneration and is again fed to the chlorine generation region. Also disclosed is a pollutant decomposition system used in such a process.