Abstract: A method of fabricating an uncooled ferroelectric/pyroelectric infrared detector having a semi-transparent electrode material includes using a lattice matched substrate material and a crystallographically oriented bottom electrode material as a template for the growth of a crystallographically oriented ferroelectric/pyroelectric film. In a second preferred embodiment, the method includes fabricating a detector assembly, inverting the assembly, and attaching the inverted assembly to a circuit. This embodiment avoids temperature processing constraints associated with the circuit, and thus facilitates the use of higher growth temperatures. Advantages associated with the embodiments of the present invention include the ability to fabricate a crystallographically oriented bottom electrode material as a template for the growth of a crystallographically oriented ferroelectric/pyroelectric film. Furthermore, once the fabrication is complete, the substrate upon which the electrode is deposited can be easily removed.

Abstract: An inorganic coating material maintains the properties of high heat resistance and high electrical insulating characteristics of inorganic materials, while enhancing the degree of adhesion with respect to an object to be coated. A water-based suspension with a specific gravity in the range of 1.5 to 2.5 is obtained by using as major raw materials at least two types of metal oxide particles having heat-resistant characteristics at temperatures above 1000° C., distributing diameters of these particles in the range of 0.1 &mgr;m to 30 &mgr;m, adjusting the average value of their particle diameters to 0.2 &mgr;m to 0.

Abstract: The present invention provides surface coated phosphors useful in field emission displays and vacuum fluorescent displays. The surface coated phosphor comprises a thin coating of rare earth oxide, e.g., yttrium oxide, disposed on an uncoated phosphor such as a sulfide phosphor. The present invention further provides a process for preparing a surface coated phosphor comprising contacting the uncoated phosphor with a rare earth hydroxide gel solution to obtain a rare earth hydroxide gel coated phosphor, drying the gel coated phosphor to remove solvent residues, and heat treating the dried rare earth hydroxide gel coated phosphor. The surface coated phosphors of the present invention have improved cathodoluminescence efficiency, coulombic aging resistance, chemical, and/or oxidative stability.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method and an apparatus for feeding a gas phase reactant from a reactant source into a gas phase reaction chamber. In the method a reactant which is a liquid or solid at ambient temperature is vaporized from the reactant source at a vaporizing temperature; and the vaporized reactant is fed into the reaction chamber. According to the invention the reactant source and the reaction chamber are located in separate vessels which can be individually evacuated. By means of the invention it becomes possible to change and load new reactant chemical without breaking the vacuum of the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Carbon nanotubes are formed on a substrate by providing a coiled filament in a chemical vapor deposition chamber, supporting a substrate having a catalytic coating provided thereon inside the coiled filament, evacuating air, if present, from the chamber, heating the filament and applying a bias voltage between the filament and the substrate, introducing a reactant gas into the chamber, and pyrolyzing the reactant gas to deposit the carbon nanotubes on the catalytic coating. The substrate can be in the form of a rod or fiber and the carbon nanotubes can be deposited in a radially extending cluster on the substrate. The present invention also contemplates an apparatus for carrying out the inventive method.

Abstract: A method of making a cutting insert includes forming a powder mixture containing WC, 2-10 wt % Co, 4-12 wt % cubic carbides, adding N in an amount of 0.9-1.7 % of the weight of the cubic carbides, mixing the powder with a pressing agent, milling and spray drying the mixture, compacting and sintering the material at 1300-1500 in an atmosphere of sintering gas 40-60 mbar, applying post-sintering treatment, and applying a coating by CVD or MTCVD.

Abstract: A process for the surface functionalization of a polymeric substrate, which process comprises: a) contacting the substrate with a diarylcarbene precursor, b) generating a carbene reactive intermediate from the diarylcarbene precursor so that it reacts with the substrate to functionalize the surface, and c) further functionalizing the activated substrate obtained in step (b).

Abstract: Spray on polyurethaneurea coatings provide corrosion resistance over long periods of time to marine fixtures, particularly of active metals such as aluminum and steel. Radar arches, fishing platforms, railing systems, etc. can maintain their aesthetics over extended periods of time, even in salt water environments, when the coating has been penetrated to the metal surface.

Abstract: A method for coating vehicular radiators with an ozone depleting manganese oxide catalyst in slurry form utilizes a robotic arm with multiple spray heads for spraying the face of the radiator. Each head is in fluid communication with its own dedicated peristaltic pump. The pumps are independently valved into and out of fluid communication with select heads as a function of the spray pattern effected by robotic arm movement.

Abstract: The construction of a film on a wafer, which is placed in a processing chamber, may be carried out through the following steps. A layer of material is deposited on the wafer. Next, the layer of material is annealed. Once the annealing is completed, the material may be oxidized. Alternatively, the material may be exposed to a silicon gas once the annealing is completed. The deposition, annealing, and either oxidation or silicon gas exposure may all be carried out in the same chamber, without need for removing the wafer from the chamber until all three steps are completed. A semiconductor wafer processing chamber for carrying out such an in-situ construction may include a processing chamber, a showerhead, a wafer support and a rf signal means. The showerhead supplies gases into the processing chamber, while the wafer support supports a wafer in the processing chamber.

Abstract: In a case where a CF film is used as an interlayer dielectric film for a semiconductor device, when a wiring of tungsten is formed, the CF film is heated to a temperature of, e.g., about 400 to 450° C. At this time, a F gas is released from the CF film, so that there are various disadvantages due to the corrosion of the wiring and the decrease of film thickness. In order to prevent this, thermostability is enhanced. A compound gas of C and F, e.g., C4F8 gas, and a hydrocarbon gas, e.g., C2H4 gas, are used as thin film deposition gases. These gases are activated as plasma to deposit a CF film on a semiconductor wafer 10 using active species thereof. Then, a hydrogen plasma producing gas, e.g., H2 gas, is introduced to be activated as plasma, and the CF film deposited on the wafer 10 is irradiated with the H plasma.

Abstract: An optically active compound of the general formula (1) useful as a chiral dopant, and use thereof for a liquid crystal composition, the above optically active compound having a remarkably large helical twisting power (HTP) of as large as 50 or more and having a property that the helical pitch induced decreases in length with an increase in temperature, so that the optically active compound has an excellent value as a chiral dopant for a nematic liquid crystal.

Abstract: An alignment structure useful in a liquid crystal display device comprising a substrate having disposed thereon an oriented layer of a chromonic liquid crystalline material, wherein the chromonic liquid crystalline material comprises a chromonic material, a pre-tilt additive, and/or a cross-linking agent. The structure can be made by coating the chromonic liquid crystalline material onto the substrate and then drying or curing the coated substrate. The alignment structure can also include one or more polarizing dyes or other additives and can thus be made to perform polarizing, retarding and/or color filtering functions in addition to alignment and orientation functions. Liquid crystal displays containing such alignment structures and methods of making such displays are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display element which comprises a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer held between the pair of substrates and including liquid crystal that exhibits a cholesteric phase. At least one of the substrates has an orientation film that comprises a polyimide having a mesogenic group therein and has not undergone rubbing.

Abstract: An article for use in an aquatic environment comprises a translucent polymer material that is configured to reproduce a form of aquarium life. In embodiments of the invention, the translucent polymer material comprises a highly pliable polymer material capable of substantially retaining its shape, such as, but not limited to, thermoplastics, rubbers, silicones, and Plastigoop®. In further embodiments of the invention, the form of aquarium life that the translucent polymer material is configured to reproduce can be a sea anemone, a sea plant, a sea weed, live coral, a scallop, a clam, a sea cucumber, a sea apple, a nudibranch, or a jellyfish. In another aspect of the invention, a process for reproducing articles configured to reproduce aquarium life comprises processing an appropriate polymer material, and in other embodiments, further processing one or more additives, such as dyes, whereby an article reproducing one or more types of aquarium life is formed.

Abstract: An ink jet recording sheet comprising a support having thereon a porous ink absorptive layer comprising inorganic particles, polyvinyl alcohol, at least two cationic polymers having a quarternary ammonium salt group in the molecule, and a compound containing a zirconium atom or an aluminum atom other than zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide.

Abstract: Media coatings for use on substrates for ink jet printing include a cationically modified clay, a cationically modified silica and a binder. Alternatively, the media coatings also include additional additives. The ratio of cationically modified clay to cationically modified silica varies in the coating formulation from about 1% to about 99%. Desirably, the ratio of the cationically modified clay to cationically modified silica varies from about 10% to about 50%. More desirably, the ratio of cationically modified clay to cationically modified silica varies from about 25% to about 35%. The ratio of the total cationically modified clay and cationically modified silica to binder varies from about 20% to about 80%. Desirably, the ratio of the total cationically modified clay and cationically modified silica to binder varies from about 65% to about 75%.

Abstract: An ink jet recording element having a support having thereon the following layers in order: a) a base layer having a polymeric binder and a polymeric mordant; and b) an overcoat layer having a polymeric UV-absorbing material.

Abstract: A resin coating pipe wherein a peripheral surface near an end portion of a pipe material (6) is masked through a specified length, and a resin coating layer (7 or 7a) is formed on a rest portion of a surface of the pipe material (6), and the masked portion is made to be an insertion portion (8 or 8a) to be inserted tightly into an inside diameter portion of another fitting member (4), said resin coating layer (7 or 7a) has its end portion being pressurized, and at that portion, a resin connecting portion (17 or 17a) extending along the insertion portion (8 or 8a) and capable of being fitted into an inside diameter portion of another fitting member (4) together with the insertion portion (8 or 8a), is formed.

Abstract: A packing material wherein one or a plurality of hard metal wire and one or a plurality of soft metal wire are tied up or twisted in a bundle to construct a weft material wherein the ratio of the number of the former to the number of the later is 1:1-0.3, the weft material is put in weft knit processing such as plain stitch, rib stitch, pearl stitch, welt stitch, half cardigan, full cardigan, plating stitch and inter-lock stitch, and Brinell hardness of said hard metal wire is 90-240 (Kg/mm2) and Brinell hardness of said soft metal is 40-55 (Kg/mm2).

Abstract: A self-closing resealable packaging material formed from at least one sheet of a package forming material, which encloses and seals and article therein. A cohesive material is applied to surface portions of the packaging material so that when wrapped around an article cohesive portions stick together and seal the package. To make the package resealable a liner is placed upon at least a part of the cohesive material containing surface so that a non-adhering margin is formed and the unused cohesive can be utilized reseal the package after its initial opening.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing tubular films from a solution of a mixture if cellulose and proteins by extrusion blowing the solution over an air gap into a precipitation bath, and to the films produced with this method and their application.

Abstract: Polypropylene ultra-lightweight food containers are provided which have good impact resistance at low temperatures. Such polypropylene ultra-lightweight containers can be used for packaging refrigerated or frozen food products. The use of polypropylene to prepare such containers allows for significant reduction in the thickness of container components without significant reduction in impact strength. The polypropylene ultra-lightweight containers of the present invention are prepared by injection molding. The polypropylene useful in preparing the food containers of this invention contains about 15 to about 25 molar percent polyethylene and has a melt flow index of about 30 to about 50 g/10 min. Weight reductions of about 20 to 40 percent can be obtained without significantly reducing impact resistance as compared to conventional polyethylene containers.

Abstract: A self-reinforcing semifinished product capable of thermoplastic shaping, composed of a single-layer sheet made from filled poly(meth)acrylate, where the semifinished sheet product contains a filler and has an upper side and a lower side, where the upper side is depleted with respect to fillers and the lower side is enriched with respect to fillers, in relation to the average filler content and a process for producing the semifinished products. The semifinished poly(meth)acrylate sheet products of the invention may be used in producing sanitary items, such as shower trays and washbasins, preferably by a high-performance shaping process, such as thermoforming.

Abstract: This invention concerns a method for increasing the polymerization rate of polyester polymers in the solid state by adding a catalytic amount of zinc p-toluenesulfonate to a polyester polymer melt that is essentially free of antimony and germanium, before solid state polymerization.

Abstract: Hot-fill polyester bottles and other containers characterized by an absence of visually discernable haze are manufactured from a polyester polymer containing up to about 250 ppm, and preferably from about 40 ppm to about 50 ppm, of a uniformly dispersed barium sulfate having an average particle size of less than about 0.1 micron. The polymer may be first formed into a preform, which may have an average wall thickness of from about 4 mm to about 6 mm, that is subsequently blown into the desired container configuration.

Abstract: A thin-walled hollow cylinder is made from fiber-reinforced plastics material, the cylinder wall of which is composed of at least one layer having fibers with at least one oriented direction of the fibers, and the total wall thickness dtot lying in the range from 10 to 1000 &mgr;m, and the ratio dtot/D being≦0.0025. The oriented direction(s) of the fibers are selected depending on the intended final application. Examples include, inter alia, multi-layer laminates made from carbon/epoxy, used for the production of a cylinder of this nature, having at least one layer with an oriented direction of the fibers which is parallel or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.

Abstract: A polyester-surfaced heat-shrinkable multilayer film exhibiting good printability and adaptability to various automatic packaging processes is provided, including an outer surface layer (a) comprising a polyester resin, an intermediate layer (b) comprising a polyamide resin and an inner surface layer (c) comprising a sealable resin. The film exhibits a heat-shrinkable stress at 50° C. of at most 3 MPa both in longitudinal direction and in transverse direction, and a hot water shrinkability at 90° C. of at least 20%.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cylindrical resinous base-body for a photosensitive drum, and a photosensitive drum that includes the resinous base-body.

Abstract: Printable forms such as business forms having removable labels integrated therein are produced by applying a silicone release layer to the front face thereof and applying a label-patch with a face-stock of a distinct composition over said release layer. The face-stock is die cut or perforated to define at least one removable label.

Abstract: In order to provide a silicon wafer break pattern that stabilizes the location and shape of the breaks at weak spots of the break pattern and that reduces waste, the through-holes of the break pattern is disposed along a scribe line, a first group of the through-holes are substantially disposed on only a first side of the scribe line, and a second group of the through-holes are substantially disposed on only a second side of the scribe line.

Abstract: A tile molded of thermoset plastic is provided with structure to retain the tiles in their desired position when subjected to repeated freeze-thaw cycles. The tiles are provided with an array of anchors that extend outwardly from the substrate facing surface of the tile. The anchors have a stretching portion which will allow for some movement imposed by freezing and thawing conditions and will return to its desired position during warmer conditions. The anchors have substrate engaging portions at their distal ends.

Abstract: A preseamed, resilient sheet flooring including first and second composite sheet products positioned closely adjacent each other edge-to-edge to form a seam therebetween. An adhesive is positioned in the seam. The adhesive extends completely through the thickness of the sheet flooring, bonds with the first and second sheet products through the entire thickness thereof, and has visual characteristics suitable for creating an indistinct appearance of the seam in the sheet flooring product. The adhesive also has wear characteristics sufficiently similar to wear characteristics of the sheet flooring to maintain the visually indistinct appearance of the adhesive on the surface of the seam as wear occurs to the sheet flooring, thereby creating a finished seam sufficiently strong and flexible to permit the adhesive to be positioned in the seam prior to unrolling the flooring onto a subfloor surface.

Abstract: An insulative body having first and second porous insulation members and a ceramic binder. Each of the first and second porous insulation members is formed of a fibrous, low-density silica-based material and cooperatively defines a joint. The ceramic binder is disposed between a pair of mating surfaces that form the joint. The ceramic binder couples the first and second porous insulation members together.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium having, on a substrate, a recording layer capable of recording information by irradiation with laser rays. The recording layer includes a 1,2,3-triazole compound that is not a condensate with 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid. Also, an information recording method in which such an optical information recording medium is irradiated with a laser having a wavelength of 550 nm or less to record information.

Abstract: An optical recording medium (10) is adapted such that information is recorded by forming recording marks on a recording layer (12) that covers grooves (16) of an optical transparent substrate (14). In the recording layer (16), contiguously defined along a feed direction S of irradiation are virtual recording cells (40) which have a given unit length in the feed direction S of irradiation along the groove 16 and a given unit width in the direction orthogonal thereto. In addition, the groove width W is set so that 0.20×(&lgr;/NA)<W<0.50×(&lgr;/NA), where &lgr; is the wavelength of a laser beam to be irradiated with and NA is the numerical aperture of the objective lens for the laser beam in a irradiation optical system. The irradiation time is set in five stages or more to radiate the laser beam, thereby making it possible to record information in multi-levels.

Abstract: A light diffusing insulating glazing insert consists of a flexible thin-walled honeycomb transparent insulation, to which is bonded a diffusing sheet, on one or both sides This provides a practical solution to problems related to utilizing thin-walled flexible honeycombs in glazing units consisting of two sheets of glass, plastic, or similar and a spacer/frame, as standard for window and skylight applications. Use of such a glazing insert adds insulation and light diffusion to the glazing system.

Abstract: An inorganic particulate, having strong absorption in the thermal infrared region of the radiative spectrum and low absorption in the solar or visible portion of the radiative spectrum, is combined with a plastic resin, to create a composite material. This composite is used in whole or in part to manufacture a honeycomb transparent insulation material, or is applied as a coating to a honeycomb transparent insulation material. The resulting honeycomb transparent insulation can have similar visible or solar light transmittance, and will have improved thermal radiant suppression relative to an identical honeycomb made of plastic resin only.

Abstract: A system for installing floor carpets includes a carpet whose nap side forms the useful surface. An anchor can be fixed to the floor, and has protuberant interlocking elements that interlock with the backside of the carpet opposite the nap side. The backside of the carpet facing the anchor is formed by a material having no loops. A micro-adhesive closure with interlocking elements in the form of fingers with thickenings on their ends is provided as the anchor to interlock with the loopless backside of the carpet.

Abstract: An activated carbon molded body, more particularly in honeycomb form and for use as an adsorption filter, can be produced from a mixture including activated carbon, water, novolak powder, clay, cellulose ether, liquid starch, wax, polyacrylamide and soap, by a procedure involving thoroughly mixing the constituents, extruding the mixture to form a monolithic molded body and cutting same to size, drying the body and effecting pyrolysis thereof. The adsorption filter produced therefrom can be regenerated by electrical heating under specified conditions.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved ceramic packing element having the basic shape of a cylinder with an aspect ratio, defined by the diameter to length dimensions that is from 2.7 to 4.5.

Abstract: An expandable metal product for use in extinguishing fires and in the prevention of or protection against explosions. The product is a continuous sheet of magnesium alloy foil having discontinuous slits in spaced apart lines parallel to each other but transverse to the longitudinal dimension of the sheet. The invention is also directed to the expanded form of the product, either in sheets which may be used for preventing fires or explosion or in the form of shaped ellipsoids for use in a passive inerting system for fuel tanks.

Abstract: A topsheet for a disposable absorbent article including a first plastic film layer, a second plastic film layer and a fibrous assembly layer disposed between these two layers. The first plastic film layer includes a plurality of first plane regions spaced one from another and extending in parallel one to another in one direction and the second plastic film layer includes a plurality of second plane regions spaced one from another and extending in parallel one to another in the one direction. Of the first and second plane regions, at least the first plane regions are formed with bridge-like regions and first rising regions.

Abstract: The pressure sensitive transferring adhesive tape which transfers adhesive agent layer alone to an adherent is widely well-known, and in this case, the adhesive agent layer applied to a supporter has to be cut after it has been transferred to the adherent. However, since the adhesive layer is coated continuously, this type has a weak point that the adhesive agent layer causes problem of stringiness and stretching and cannot be cut smoothly. In the present invention, above mentioned weak points are dissolved by coating adhesive agent layer by discontinuous island shape pattern or by making the surface of adhesive agent layer to have concave and convex shape.

Abstract: Process for manufacturing cold formed shaped forms of packaging having at least one recess from a metal-plastic laminate. Examples of such shaped forms of packaging are the base parts of push-through packs or blister packs. The process is such that the laminate is held between a retaining tool and a die. The die 1 exhibits at least one opening and a stamp is driven into the die opening causing the laminate to be shape-formed into a packaging, correspondingly exhibiting one or more recesses. The die and the retaining tool exhibit facing edge regions and the die, within the edge region, exhibits a shoulder region that surrounds the die opening or openings. The surface of the shoulder region lies 0.

Abstract: A stain resistant film construction that includes a polyvinyl film laminated to a polyolefin film by an adhesive. The stain resistant film construction can be formed into a retroreflective product that includes a polyolefin layer, an adhesive layer and a polyvinyl layer attached to the polyolefin layer by the adhesive on the first side of polyvinyl layer. Retroreflective prisms can be attached to the second side of polyvinyl layer, and a backing layer can be attached to the second side of polyvinyl film through the prism layer.

Abstract: In a retaining piece interposed between the adjacent rolling balls, a concave surface of each of both side surfaces of the retaining piece where it contacts with the spherical surfaces of the balls is configured to partly contact with the spherical surface of the ball. The concave surface includes a linear contact portion to be in contact with the ball and an approximate curved surface having the radius of curvature approximate to that of the ball, which is located on the inner side of the linear contact portion. In addition, recesses which are joined to the gate portion and the ejector pin in a molding process are formed in the concave surfaces. A recess is formed at the joining portion or near a parting line. Fins formed in the molding process are capable to be put into the recess.

Abstract: Trading cards for clothing and the like that include an integral removable gemstone applique (tattoo), or an integral removable temporary printed tattoo with gemstone adornments, both for body ornamentation purposes. The gemstone tattoo is formed on a multi-layer-paper backing that is attached to the trading card by special pressure sensitive adhesive. The tattoo also includes a water soluble slip layer, a waterproof film coating, and a plurality of gemstones bonded to the waterproof film and sandwiched between the film and slip layer. The gemstone trading card is a stimulating and eye-catching novelty that compels notice by potential customers.

Abstract: A dynamic reimageable document or electric paper can be formed from ordinary substrates such as paper, transparencies or fabric by printing of microencapsulated Gyricon beads onto one or more discrete surface areas of the substrate. The substrate can include both fixed print regions formed by conventional fixed ink processes and dynamic reimageable regions formed by the Gyricon beads. The Gyricon beads are preferably bichromal and of contrasting colors, such as black/white so as to be changeable to display two states by selective application of electromagnetic force to the beads. By providing bichromal beads in differing color combinations, such as red/white and black/white, a multi-colored document can be achieved in which various fields of the document, representing text, images or graphics, may be in differing colors. Moreover, operations to perform both imaging or erasure can act on the discrete reimageable regions so that the versatility of the electric paper can be enhanced.

Abstract: Devices and methods for mounting components of electronic circuitry and these mounting devices are capable of surviving repeated thermal cycling. The devices comprise two metal laminate members brazed to a ceramic member on each of the two major surfaces of the ceramic member. The laminates preferably comprise a layer of molybdenum disposed between two layers of copper. The thickness of the individual layers comprising the metal laminate member may be varied to yield a laminate CTE similar to the CTE of the ceramic member to be joined.