Abstract: A CAM circuit including a RAM array, a CAM array, a control/interface circuit, and an error detection and correction (EDC) circuit. The control/interface circuit systematically writes data from the RAM array to the CAM array, thereby preventing soft errors by continually refreshing data stored in the CAM array. The RAM array also stores check bits for each data word that can be generated by the EDC circuit when the data words are initially written to the CAM circuit. During the refresh operation, data words and associated check bits are read from the RAM array and transmitted to the EDC circuit. The EDC circuit analyzes each data word and associated check bits to detect errors, and corrects the data word, if necessary, before sending the data word to the CAM array.

Abstract: The technique of the present invention sets a time period of a level H between a rise and a fall of an ATD signal (that is, a pulse width of the ATD signal) to be not shorter than a preset allowable address skew range and not longer than a time period between a timing of a rise of the ATD signal, at which the refreshing operation starts, and conclusion of the refreshing operation. This arrangement ensures generation of an appropriate ATD signal even when an address skew occurs in an externally given address.

Abstract: A memory package for storing data and capable of being added to or replaced while being provided with a battery backup in computer systems which can be mounted with a plurality of said memory packages. A memory package also has a function to reduce power consumption of the battery backup to a minimum, when the memory package with battery backup is inserted into the computer system without the main power being applied. Consequently, even if additional memory packages are inserted which require battery backups, only a weak current need be supplied from the backup power supply so that the battery will not run down after a short time. The memory packages can therefore be added and replaced while still storing data internally and the memory capacity can be changed. Also, a memory system is provided including a power supply supplying power supply lines connected to the memory packages. Diode and/or surge protection arrangements are also provided to facilitate hot line insertion and removal.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit comprises an internal potential generation circuit for a memory, a current flow pass interruption circuit connected to the internal potential generation circuit, and an input terminal, connected to the current flow pass interruption circuit, for providing a stand-by setting signal controlling the current flow pass interruption circuit, wherein a potential is supplied to the internal potential generation circuit during the operation of the memory, and it is interrupted during the stand-by of the memory to supply the potential to the internal potential generation circuit.

Abstract: An integrated memory has a plurality of memory cell arrays. The memory cell arrays are in each case assigned a decoder for selecting bit lines and word lines. In order to trigger an access cycle for a memory cell access, a write command or a read command with an active state is generated. Within the access cycle, under the control of a control circuit, respective decoders of the memory cell arrays are driven and data of each of the memory cell arrays are successively read out or written in for as long as the read command or write command remains in the active state. As a result, it is possible to set a comparatively large variable burst length of the memory. A method for operating an integrated memory is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing passive acoustic signals received on a horizontal line array that were either emitted from an underwater object or echo returned from an object, is proposed to display a radar-like range-bearing image of the object, thereby showing the location of the object relative to the receiver horizontal line array. The range-bearing images can be created at different water depth to search for an underwater object in a three-dimensional space. The method includes receiving an acoustic signal from the target, determining a beam covariance matrix, determining a replica field for a range-bearing of the target, determining a replica beam from the replica field; and processing the beam covariance matrix and the replica beam to determine range-bearing ambiguity surface and estimate depth ambiguity for selected peaks of the ambiguity surface.

Abstract: A method and system for underwater detection of fully or partially buried objects such as sea mines and underwater cables, consisting of a mobile underwater platform configured with a real-time, three dimensional acoustical camera with a downward directed field of view used as an imaging interferometer, coordinated with a high-intensity, low frequency acoustical transmitter directed as to disturb the loose particulate or elastic matter comprising the seafloor within the field of view of the camera. The images recorded by the camera display the relative motion of the seafloor material before and after an acoustical pulse, in contrast to the lesser or no motion of submerged solid objects. Distinguishing man-made from natural objects is aided by recognizing geometric shapes apparent within the varying image density, not common in nature.

Abstract: A system and method for measuring the directional spectrum of one or more waves in a fluid medium using a multi-beam sonar system. In an exemplary embodiment, range cells located within a plurality of acoustic beams are sampled to provide current velocity data. Optionally, wave surface height and pressure data is obtained as well. This velocity, wave height, and pressure data is Fourier-transformed by one or more signal processors within the system, and a surface height spectrum produced. A cross-spectral coefficient matrix at each observed frequency is also generated from this data. A sensitivity vector specifically related to the ADCP's transducer array geometry is used in conjunction with maximum likelihood method (MLM), iterative maximum likelihood method (IMLM), or other similar methods to solve a the wave equation at each frequency and produce a frequency-specific wave directional spectrum.

Abstract: Device for subsea metrology of distance and relative orientation of a first termination (10) with a local reference system (xr, yr, zr) and which by means of a jumper spool piece (5) is going to be connected to a separate second termination (20) having a local reference system (xB, yB, zB), characterized by a base metrology unit (2) arranged for being carried by an ROV (4), and arranged for aligned arrangement with the second or the first termination's (20, 10) reference system, and comprising the following features: a wire (3) with an extractable first end (31) being arranged for being attached to a receptacle device (7, 7′) arranged on the termination (10, 20) for receiving the wire's (3) first end (31) or a metrology unit and with a wire tensioner device (32) arranged for tensioning the wire (3) between the base metrology unit (2) and the receptacle device (7, 7′); a wire length sensor (34) arranged for measuring the length (DrB) of the extended taut wire (3); a relative azimuth sensi

Abstract: An electronic timepiece (100) is provided that has indicator hands capable of providing various indications. The electronic timepiece with indicator hands, characterized by comprising a time hand (101, 102) indicative of time, first and second indicator hands (103, 104) separately provided from the time hand (101, 102), and drive means for reciprocally rotating the first and second indicator hands (103, 104) in opposite directions to each other within a predetermined range.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for reading information from a domain expansion magneto-optical recording medium, wherein the duration of the expansion direction of an external magnetic field is determined according to the upper limiting frequency of the reading system. The reading density and power margin can thus be improved.

Abstract: A coil structure apparatus comprising a yoke portion and a coil portion. The yoke portion substantially surrounds the coil portion. In one aspect, the yoke portion is configured to increase the bias field strength produced by the coil structure while minimizing the self-inductance of the coil structure.

Abstract: A multimedia player has a fast seek function for navigating between track selections contained within a large playlist. By holding down a seek-up or a seek-down button, a selection identifying display scrolls through the selections in a playlist in single steps until a multiple of 10 is reached. If a minimum number of single steps (e.g., 4) have been taken, then the display begins to jump by 10's. Otherwise, single steps are taken until the next multiple of 10. Single stepping is again used when the display nears the beginning or end of the playlist.

Abstract: An optical storage method and apparatus having enhanced resolution uses a Fabry-Perot cavity to narrow a beam used for reading data stored on media. The method and apparatus achieve an enhanced resolution due to the reduction of beam size and the increased slope of the beam profile in a beam used to illuminate physical changes in the media corresponding to data encoded in the media. The Fabry-Perot cavity may be included in a media for use with standard optical storage devices or may be external to the media, as part of an optical storage head for use with standard media.

Abstract: An optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus realizes stable tracking control for correcting the displacement of an objective lens caused by gravity depending on the positional attitude of the apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed are an optical head, a photodetector, an optical recording and reproducing apparatus and a focus error detecting method, which can be adapted to a plurality of kinds of recording media and a land/groove recording system. A photoreceiving part for the main spot in a photodetector in an optical head is divided into a plurality of parts. An intermediate photoreceiving part consisting of four small photoreceiving parts is provided in a central area surrounded by four peripheral photoreceiving parts. Without using an output signal from the intermediate photoreceiving part positioning in an area where the intensity distribution is unstable in a converged light spot, a focus error signal is obtained only from output signals from the peripheral photoreceiving parts and a focusing control is performed by using the focus error signal.

Abstract: On an information record medium (10, 11), record information can be recorded one time or a plurality of times by a predetermined record format. An apparatus for manufacturing the information record medium by using a stamper (27, 28) is provided with an embossed pit array forming device (20 to 26, 50) for forming on the stamper as an embossed pit array, pre-record data (SFi) which is a predetermined data row to disable overwriting on the record information in a pre-record area, which is set in advance in a range including an area (13c) assigned to information required to control a reproduction of the record information, which is recorded by the predetermined record format.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the eccentricity of an optical disk. The method for measuring the eccentricity of an optical disk in accordance with the present invention comprises the steps of activating tracking servo while the optical disk is rotating, detecting the center value of tracking error signal and setting the center value as a reference value, and detecting the eccentricity of the optical disk by comparing the center value and the tracking error signal received right after the reference value is set. The method in accordance with the present invention precisely measures the eccentricity of an optical disk and adjusts focus and track servo gains and disk rotation speed based upon the measured disk eccentricity, which provides stable data reproduction performance.

Abstract: An optical disc having a protection layer for protecting a recording layer located farther from a substrate and having a first recording layer and a second recording layer stacked on one side of the substrate, wherein the reflectance of one of the first and second recording layers is made higher than the reflectance of the other recording layer, and a reproducing device which uses this optical disc.

Abstract: The present invention provides a single information recording and reproducing apparatus that is used to record data to multiple disks that are to be recorded on using different wavelengths. More specifically, the present invention provides an apparatus that accurately discriminates disk types while preventing disk damage and accidental recording of data during the disk type discrimination operation. The disk type is determined using the intensity of light reflected from the disk. Information is encoded using an encoder corresponding to the disk type. The resulting signal is used to drive a laser corresponding to the disk type, and information is recorded.

Abstract: A period accumulating portion inputs a reference clock “Clock 2” and a wobbling pulse WBLPOL_I obtained by binarizing a wobbling signal extracted from a reproduction output from a DVD, and accumulates and counts reference clocks “Clock 2” in an interval of predetermined periods of the wobbling pulses WBLPOL_I so as to obtain a count value “m”. An average period detecting circuit obtains an average count value “n” corresponding to the interval of an averaged period of the wobbling pulse by dividing a count value of the reference clock “Clock 2” with a number of the predetermined periods. A divider generates a wobbling pulse WBLPOL_O having a constant period, deprived of a period fluctuation due to a prepit by dividing the reference clock based on the average count value.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving a record carrier according to the invention comprises a transducer for generating a read signal in response to patterns recorded at the record carrier and displacement means for displacing the transducer and the record carrier with respect to each other. Out of the read signal an auxiliary signal having a relatively low frequency content is generated. The apparatus comprises binary signal generating means for generating a binary signal out of the auxiliary signal including first hold means for generating a first hold signal, second hold means for generating a second hold signal, signal combination means for generating a slicing signal out of the first hold signal and the second hold signal, and comparing means for comparing the auxiliary signal with the slicing signal and outputting a binary output signal. The first hold means are adapted for temporarily maintaining the first hold signal at a value substantially corresponding to a top value of the auxiliary signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for writing on and reading an overwritable optical disk comprises an identifier detector that identifies a recording condition in the sector to be overwritten, and a delay time controller circuit that sets a variation range of the start point for writing according to the recording condition. The record timing of the modulated data signal is changed at random within the set variation range when overwriting the sector of the optical disk.

Abstract: An optical disk apparatus is provided, in which the optical disk tray can slide smoothly in and out, and the insertion and removal of an optical disk is facilitated, and wherein inadvertent scratches are not produced on the optical disk surface, and flying pieces of optical disk damaged during rotation are completely prevented from exiting the apparatus. By dividing a protrusion for preventing a damaged optical disk from flying out of the apparatus into a first protrusion and a second protrusion, with one protrusion provided on an optical disk tray and the other on a support member, any possibility of the optical disk flying out of the apparatus can be completely prevented, even if the height of each of the first and second protrusions is lowered. Because the second protrusion is lowered, the protrusion will not catch on the optical disk tray or the optical disk, and so a smooth sliding operation of the optical disk tray can be ensured.

Abstract: A disk cartridge device includes a plurality of disk cartridges with disks having different disk diameters and each being stored in cartridge housings having different sizes, a recording and reproducing device with the plurality of disk cartridges having different sizes selectively mounted, pairs of positioning pins having a base for determining the height for positioning each of the disk cartridges having different sizes onto the recording and reproducing device and positioning holes on one surface of the disk cartridges having different sizes, to be respectively engaged with the pairs of the positioning pins so as to be positioned. The position of the positioning holes of the disk cartridge having a small disk diameter is disposed outside the disk circumference of the disk cartridge having a large disk diameter.

Abstract: An information recording medium capable of high-density recording and accurate reproduction and also capable of repeated recording and reproduction, an information recording device that employs the information recording medium has a Co—Si oxide thin film 1 constructed such that columnar crystals 2 are separated by an intergranular phase 3 which contains SiO2 having a lower coefficient of thermal conductivity than the columnar crystals 2. Therefore, the intergranular phase 3 prevents heat transfer from one columnar crystal 2 to another. In addition, the intergranular phase 3 separates columnar crystals 2 from each other, so that the crystalline structure of each columnar crystal 2 is not affected by its adjacent columnar crystal 2.

Abstract: Methods for storing data are provided. Preferably, the method includes the steps of: providing a data storage device, and preventing an emitter associated with a first data cluster of the data storage device from writing data to another one of the data clusters. Data storage devices also are provided.

Abstract: There is disclosed a storage apparatus which is of a system of utilizing a polarized state change by Kerr effect to read information from a storage medium and which easily and precisely performs adjustment to compensate for a phase deviation between both P, S polarized components attributed to an optical system. Phase plates 500, 510 are disposed between a fixed optical section 200 and a movable optical section 190 and the inclination angles of the phase plates are adjusted.

Abstract: A light emitted from a light source (11) or a return light from a magneto-optical discs (7a, 7b, 7c or 7d) is transmitted by a polarization maintaining optical fibers (15a, 15b, 15c or 15d). Phase difference generators (16a, 16b, 16c and 16d) are disposed in optical paths, respectively, for these light beams to generate a phase difference which is used to cancel, or multiply by an integer multiple of &pgr;, a phase difference between field vibration components, raised in the light due to the birefringence of the polarization maintaining optical fiber (15a, 15b, 15c or 15d) when the light is propagated through the latter.

Abstract: A laser beam emitted from a semiconductor laser enters an incident surface of a transparent condensing medium with a central part of the laser beam being shielded by a shading metal member, and a light spot is formed on a light-condensed surface of the transparent condensing medium. When this light spot is applied to a micro metal member, plasmon of the micro metal member is excited, and near field light leaks out therefrom. The near field light enters a recording medium of a disk as propagation light, and record into and reproduction from the recording medium is performed by this light. By shielding the central part of the laser beam, it is possible to prevent the propagation light from being generated from the light-condensed surface of the transparent condensing medium, and to prevent erroneous reproduction caused by the propagation light.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for controlling the light power of an optical disk system, and optical disk system having the same are provided. The optical disk system includes a microcontroller for controlling the operation of the optical disk system, a light power adjusting apparatus for generating a light quantity control signal for controlling the quantity of light emitted from the optical disk, and an optical pickup device for adjusting the quantity of light emitted from the optical disk in response to the light quantity control signal.

Abstract: A light beam encoded with data simultaneously reads out data stored in tracks on an optical disk and produces a reflected beam directed to a detector array. The data stored on the optical disk and the encoded data may be components of vector arrays. As the light beam illuminates the rotating optical disk, the data stored on the disk is multiplied by the encoded data. The products of the multiplication are encoded in the reflected beam. A multiplicity of data is read out in parallel from the optical disk and simultaneously correlated with the encoded data. This comparison or correlation operation is performed on digitally encoded data utilizing convolution, or with analog encoding. The present invention can be utilized in pattern matching.

Abstract: When the position of the pickup 14 is normalized, a lead screw 29 is rotated by a stepping motor to move the pickup 14 to the outermost circumferential position, whereby a preset counter is preset to the maximum value CTout corresponding to the outermost circumferential position. The counter counts proportionally to the number of driving pulses to be supplied to the stepping motor, the lead screw 29 rotates till the counting value of the counter gets “0”, so that the pickup 14 moves near the outermost circumferential track of the optical disk in the lead-in area to make the set up. The shape of the tooth flank of the lead screw 29 and the inclination of the engaging projections 27, 28 are designed such that the step out is caused between the engaging projections 27, 28 and the lead screw 29, when the pickup 14 is moved to the outermost circumferential position. Even if this step out is caused, the engaging projections 27, 28 only engage strongly with the lead screw 29.

Abstract: In a device for adjusting the tilt angle of an optical pickup by using a leaf spring and tilt-angle adjusting screws, an actuator 4 is mounted on and supported by a spherical seat 3 of an optical base 1. One portion of a base 7 of the actuator 4 is resiliently pressed by a leaf spring 30. Tilt-angle adjusting screws 10 and 11 are provided which are respectively screwed in two threaded holes 8 and 9 in the base 7. The direction of the resiliently pressing force imparted to the actuator 4 by the leaf spring 30 is tilted with respect to axes of the tilt-angle adjusting screws 10 and 11. By forming the leaf spring 30 into a substantially U-shaped configuration, the resiliently pressing force applied to the actuator 4 is made uniform.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical disc for recording data at a constant density, so called CLV (Constant Linear Velocity) or at zoned CLV. The disc has headers distributed along the disc on regular angular positions, a so called CAV (Constant Angular Velocity) pattern subdividing the track in track portions for recording an amount of data proportional to the radial position of the track portion concerned. Address information included in the headers is provided at the data density, which is CLV. The apparatus comprises header detection means for detecting the headers at the CAV locations, and for recovering position information from the headers at CLV density. Data sectors do not start at headers and are not fitted regularly between the headers, but start and stop at arbitrary positions which are calculated from the known amounts of data recordable in the track portions.

Abstract: The width and/or depth of guide grooves on the disc substrate surface are changed in each data recording layer and the guide groove depth of the recording film layer is appropriately shaped in each data recording layer to provide a high density, high recording capacity optical disc. The optical disc has plural substrate layers each having plural guide grooves; plural data recording layers laminated on the substrate layers, each of the plural data recording layers having a recording film for recording data over the guide grooves; and an intermediate layer between the plural data recording layers. The guide groove width is different on each substrate layer. The guide grooves of the data recording layers formed according to the guide grooves of the substrate layer have the same pitch in each data recording layer.

Abstract: A disk cartridge comprises a cartridge housing (12) having a disk compartment (16) formed therein by overlapping a pair of shells (13), (15), an optical disk (11) rotatably stored within the disk compartment (16) and a pair of shutter members (18a), (18b) attached to the cartridge housing (12) in such a manner that they can be moved and which close and open an opening portion (25) bored through the cartridge housing (12) so that a part of the optical disk (11) can be exposed, wherein the opening portion (25) is extended in the diametrical direction of the optical disk (11) through the central portion of the lower shell (15). Two optical heads can be used simultaneously by widening the opening portion into and from which the turntable, the optical head and the like are inserted and ejected as much as possible, and efficiency with which the optical head approaches the innermost periphery of the disk-like recording medium can be improved.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and method for generating overspread orthogonal codes. Overspread orthogonal codes are generated code-multiplying orthogonal codes generated by any method and the overspread orthogonal code length is the product of the code lengths of the orthogonal codes that were code-multiplied. In a telecommunication application, for example, a communication signal is first spread by a first orthogonal code and then overspread by a second orthogonal code. The output of the overspreading process may be further overspread by a third orthogonal code and so on until a desired code length is obtained. Thus, orthogonal code lengths unobtainable by any of the known orthogonal code generators may be generated by overspreading using codes generated by any orthogonal code generator(s) to obtain a desired code length.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a diversity receiver having an excellent anti-multi-path fading characteristic in a further simple structure. A diversity receiver according to the present invention measures a reception level, delay spread and a phase of a burst OFDM modulates signal received by a plurality of antennas. Received signals of arbitrary antennas are combined for synthesization and demodulated in accordance with a result of measurement, thereby obtaining the excellent anti-multi-path fading characteristic.

Abstract: An iterative method involves performing a coarse frequency correction process which adjusts receiver frequency so that a pilot tone signal is within a predetermined frequency range and, after performing the coarse frequency correction process, performing a fine frequency correction process which adjusts receiver frequency so that the pilot tone signal is substantially aligned with a pilot tone reference within the predetermined frequency range. By performing these processes, the receiver frequency may be adjusted so that the alias pilot tone signal is substantially aligned with the pilot tone reference and the pilot tone signal is undesirably shifted outside the predetermined frequency range. To eliminate this condition, the method further involves performing the coarse frequency correction process again and, after performing the coarse frequency correction process again, performing the fine frequency correction process again.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for operating a hybrid automatic repeat request communication system wherein it is determined whether a receiver can process a data packet, and a self-decode request associated with the data packet is sent based on the determination.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for switching redundancy control which provides fast switching from a malfunctioning component to a redundant component with minimum data flow interruption for both transmitted and received data. The redundancy control system having an APS (Automatic Protection Switching) Hub, at least a working and a redundant tributary card, a bridge to provide identical traffic to the working and redundant tributary cards, a working and a redundant STM switching fabric, selectors within the working and redundant STM switching fabrics for selecting the traffic from the working tributary card to further process, a working and a redundant ATM switching fabric, a working and a redundant ATM processor and ATM selectors for selecting traffic needing cell switching from the working STM switching fabric to process further.

Abstract: A communications node admits the receive data message to the buffer memory if the receive arriving message falls within the capacity range of a class of the receive data messages and if the buffer memory is not congested. A state detector detects if the buffer memory is congested by evaluating the occupancy rate of the buffer memory, or otherwise. The capacity range determines the utilization of buffer memory by a particular class of data messages, which may be defined in accordance with an estimated economic value rating of the data messages.

Abstract: In an ATM network, data loss caused by pre-programmed network optimizations can be reduced or avoided if a record of such optimizations is made, and if, prior to another optimization, some event occurs. The detection of some external event should indicate that another optimization is warranted.

Abstract: In a typical remote access application, such as access from the home to a packet-switched high speed network such as the Internet, the low-speed dial up connection to a network access is the main bottleneck in terms of the bandwidth and efficiency of transfer of data across the network access server. The present invention increases throughput through the network access server by identifying and dropping redundant, e.g., retransmitted, packets en route from the LAN or WAN to the remote terminal, thereby preserving precious bandwidth.

Abstract: A method for testing a network element includes receiving from a network element into a buffer (40) a first clock signal (25) of the network element. The method includes receiving into the buffer (40) from a first port (31) of the network element a first plurality of data values to be verified in response to the first clock signal (25). The method also includes transferring a second plurality of data values to be verified to a second port (32) of the network element in response to a second clock signal (29), and comparing the second plurality of data values with the first plurality of data values. A system for testing a network element includes a testing element operable to couple a first port (31) to a second port (32) of a network element. The testing element is operable to receive a first plurality of data values from the first port of the network element and to transfer a second plurality of data values to the second port of the network element.

Abstract: In an OAM detecting apparatus and an OAM detecting method, normal lines are not adversary influenced at occurrence of failure and one failed position can be recognized at occurrence of a double failure. A timer counter comparator generates a discard signal when a timer counter value measuring a predetermined time equal to or less than one second after reception of an OAM cell is less than a reference value. A failed position display and comparator compares, when a failed position display change flag is “0”, failed position display information of a new OAM cell received with failed position display information previously stored, and generates a discard signal when the comparison results in mismatching. When the flag is “1”, the display and comparator compares the failed position display information of a new OAM cell received with the failed position display information previously stored, and does not generates a discard signal even when the comparison results in mismatching.

Abstract: Switches create and manage routes with route control protocols such as BGP-4, PNNI, etc. and a route management apparatus is notified of the information of the routes, created by these protocols, and the route management apparatus verifies the validity of a route of which the apparatus is notified by a switch based on the route information of the whole network composed of the plurality of pieces of information given by respective switches and the management policy set by a network manager. In the verification of validity, it is confirmed that the transmitted data are able to arrive at the destination securely and the set route is not against the management policy, and the route-usage-permission-notice of a route confirmed of its validity by the route management apparatus is transmitted to respective switches.

Abstract: In a system, device, and method for selecting a channel from among a plurality of channels, a number of available channels are selected for testing. A channel quality measurement is made for each of the number of available channels. The channel having the best channel quality measurement is then selected. To make the channel quality measurements, a primary station selects a channel to be tested and also selects a secondary station with which to perform the test. The primary station transmits a control frame to the selected secondary station, including a channel identifier identifying the selected channel. Upon receiving the control frame, the selected secondary station adjusts its transmitter to the selected channel based on the channel identifier in the control frame, and transmits a reference signal on the selected channel. Meanwhile, the primary station adjusts its receiver to the selected channel and receives the reference signal from the selected secondary station.

Abstract: Method, system and program storage device are provided for monitoring and ameliorating congestion in a tightly coupled network. Commensurate with sending a packet into the network, a first time stamp is recorded. Upon receipt of an acknowledgment back across the network responsive to sending of the packet, a second time stamp is recorded. The round trip time of the packet is determined and an amount of congestion is estimated using the determined round trip time and a statically predetermined round trip representative of at least one of no network congestion or a known degree of network congestion. The number of flow control tokens for the destination node can be dynamically varied in response to the estimate of the amount of network congestion. If desired, monitoring and estimating of network congestion can be initiated only after identifying the existence of network congestion, for example, represented by a lack of flow control tokens at a sender node for a destination node.