Abstract: A method of fabricating microstructural components, microparts assemblies and microparts is disclosed. The method includes fabricating a unidirectional metal matrix composite made of materials selected to allow precise etching of different structural elements of the given composite without damage to each other. Cutting a composite to form slices or sections. Etching a matrix entirely out will produce wide assortment of microparts. Partial removal of matrix will form an array of microprotrusions protruding from a substrate. Etching out the microprotrusions cores will form hollow microprotrusions. The method of invention is suitable for fabricating of variety of microcomponents. For example: microneedles—a medical microdevice component having micron features, arrays of high strength micropins and micropunches, and precisely controlled unique microstructural surfaces.

Abstract: A dry-etching method comprises the step of dry-etching a metal thin film as a chromium-containing half-tone phase-shift film, wherein the method is characterized by using, as an etching gas, a mixed gas including (a) a reactive ion etching gas, which contains an oxygen-containing gas and a halogen-containing gas, and (b) a reducing gas added to the gas component (a), in the process for dry-etching the metal thin film. The dry-etching method permits the production of a half-tone phase-shift photomask by forming patterns to be transferred to a wafer on a photomask blank for a chromium-containing half-tone phase-shift mask. The photomask can in turn be used for manufacturing semiconductor circuits. The method permits the decrease of the dimensional difference due to the coexistence of coarse and dense patterns in a plane and the production of a high precision pattern-etched product.

Abstract: An emitter array produced using etch mask and a method for making such an etch mask. The emitter comprising a substrate, forming a conducting layer on the substrate, forming an emitting layer on the conducting layer, forming an etch mask having a controlled distribution of a plurality of mask sizes over the emitting layer, and forming at least one emitter by removing portions of the emitting layer using the etch mask. The method for making the etch mask comprising forming an etch mask layer over an emitting layer, forming a patterning layer having a controlled distribution of mask sizes over the etch mask layer, and forming the etch mask by removing portions of the etch mask layer using the controlled distribution of mask sizes in the patterning layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an inkjet printhead chip which includes the step of fabricating drive circuitry layers on a substrate with a CMOS fabrication process. A first sacrificial layer is deposited on the substrate. A heater layer for heating circuits is deposited on the first sacrificial layer and etched to form the heating circuits. A resiliently flexible layer of dielectric material is deposited on the substrate to cover the heater layer and etched to form actuators and ink ejection members. A second sacrificial layer is deposited on the substrate to cover the actuators and the ink ejection members and etched to define deposition zones for the nozzle chamber walls and the roof walls. A layer of a structural material is deposited on the second sacrificial layer to form the nozzle chamber walls and the roof walls. The sacrificial layers are finally etched away.

Abstract: A cross-linked photoresist may be stripped without using water to reduce substrate corrosion. In one embodiment, a transesterification reaction may use an alcohol instead of water as the co-solvent for an organic base.

Abstract: There is provided a method for surface treating where the environmental load is small. The surface treating method of the invention comprises that a cluster bonded by the first molecule and the second molecule by means of an intermolecular force is produced in a gas phase. At least a part of internal energy released in producing the cluster is utilized whereby the first molecule contained in the cluster is made in a state having higher reactivity than that of the first molecular not bonded with the second molecular. The surface of the member to be treated is treated in a gas phase with the cluster containing the first molecule made in a state of higher reactivity.

Abstract: In a magnetic field generator for magnetron plasma generation which comprises a dipole-ring magnet with a plurality of columnar anisotropic segment magnets arranged in a ring-like manner, or in an etching apparatus and a method both of which utilize the magnetic field generator, the uniformity of plasma treatment over the entire surface of a wafer (workpiece) is improved by controlling the direction of the magnetic field relative to the working surface of the wafer (workpiece) which is subject to plasma treatment such as etching.

Abstract: Novel aqueous, acid etch solutions comprising a fluorinated surfactant are provided. The etch solutions are used with a wide variety of substrates, for example, in the etching of silicon oxide-containing substrates.

Abstract: A method for controlling the shape of copper features, having the following steps:

Abstract: In etching an organic insulating layer made of a polyimide film, a polyimide containing at least a recurrent unit expressed by general formula (1) is used for the polyimide film: 1

Abstract: A switching arrangement for low-voltage circuit breakers with a high nominal current, comprising moveable switching contacts (2,3) arranged essentially on a moveable contact carrier (1), fixed switching contacts and a device for cooling, de-ionizing and extinguishing an electric switching arc (7, 11). The fixed contact is provided with a pre-contact function over the entire contact width thereof. Moveable contact levers (2,3) are arranged according to a set pattern in a distributed manner over the entire width of the contact carriers and are provided with or without a pre-contact (5). A contact lever (2) with a pre-contact (5) and a contact lever (3) without a pre-contact can be provided successively. Similarly, two or more contact levers (2) with a pre-contact (5), and two or more contact levers (3) without a pre-contact can be successively and alternatingly provided in packet-form.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electric arc automatic orbital welding machine (3) for carrying out butting welding between pipes of a bundle (2) and a cylindrical body (1) in heat exchangers, in which a cam mechanism (5) receives a circular motion around an axis (9) therefrom and generates an axial reciprocating motion along the same axis (9) and orthogonal to the plane of rotation so that the torch (7) describes the same spatial path which coincides with the intersection line between the pipe segment (2) and the cylindrical body (1).

Abstract: A wire electrical discharge machining apparatus for machining a workpiece (2) by supplying discharge energy to a gap between a wire electrode (1a) and the workpiece (2) by working-electric-power supplying means (16) having a dc power supply (17) and switching means (19a, 19b, 19c, and 19d) for switching an output voltage of the dc power supply (17), and by relatively moving the wire electrode (1a) and the workpiece (2) by positioning means includes: controlling means (20) which, during machining in a gas, controls the turning on and off of the switching means (19a, 19b, 19c, and 19d) so that the voltage is set to reverse polarity whereby the polarity of the wire electrode (1a) is made positive and the polarity of the workpiece (2) is made negative.

Abstract: A process for the acquisition of data in the form of measurements and calculations, for diagnosis and decision assistance for an electric direct spark butt welder and for the resulting weld seams comprises the respective steps of measurement of the instantaneous alternating voltage at the terminals of the primary (19, 33) and of the secondary (16, 35, 36) of the welder transformer, and between the jaws (18, 39) of the welder dies; measurement of the instantaneous current in the primary (24, 34) and the secondary (17, 37, 38) of the transformer; measurement of the instantaneous displacement (41, 42) of the mobile die (4); storage in memory of said voltages, said currents and said displacement during the welding process; calculations of the energy supplied by the primary and the secondary, preferably to the jaws (5, 6), as a function of time; calculation of the energy supplied by the secondary to the jaws and of the heat energy dissipated during sparking as a function of the displacement of the mobile die; calc

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for determining parameters of a welding system. According to the invention, a welding area (18, 21, 22) is subjected to the action of ultrasonic waves, preferably to the action of shear waves, by using an ultrasound source (14). During a first welding process (n1), a signal processing (30)) determines a first ultrasonic permeability (Dn1) from a received ultrasonic signal (UE). During at least one subsequent welding process (n2), a second ultrasonic permeability (Dn2) is determined from an ultrasonic signal (UE) that is received during a renewed exposure of the welding area (18, 21, 22) to ultrasonic waves. A display (32) and/or a diagnostic function and/or a correction of control quantities of the welding system is/are carried out as a function of the at least two ultrasonic permeabilities (Dn1, Dn2).

Abstract: The present invention provide a resistance welding method for solving the problem of breakage of the welded portion by corrosion of an iron-copper alloy layer having a poor corrosion resistance formed at the welding portion, when a first metallic member comprising an iron-based metal is joined to a second metallic member comprising a copper based metal, wherein the problem above is solved by forming a nickel film on at least one surface of the first metallic member comprising the iron-based metal and the second metallic member comprising the copper-based metal to be joined, and by applying resistance welding while the first metallic member is made to butt against the second metallic member, thereby forming the first alloy layer containing nickel, copper and iron at the side of the first metallic member, and the second alloy layer containing nickel and copper at the side of the second metallic member to allow the alloy layers to exhibit an excellent corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A variety of electrodes for use in a plasma arc torch are provided that improve cooling between the electrode and an adjacent cathodic element such as a cathode. At least one passageway is formed between the electrode and the cathode for the flow of a fluid, e.g. cooling fluid, wherein the flow of the fluid is proximate, or through an adjacent vicinity of, electrical contact between the cathode and the electrode. The passageway is formed through the electrode, through the cathode, between the electrode and the cathode, and through a third element in the various forms of the present invention. Further, methods of operating a plasma arc torch using the electrodes according to the various forms of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: There are provided a plasma arc torch and associated methods for selectively switching between a working mode and a standby mode. An electric arc is established between an electrode and a workpiece, and the torch is operated selectively in the working and standby modes. In the working mode, the arc extends between the electrode and the workpiece, the arc has a working arc current, and a plasma gas flows through a nozzle at a working flow rate. In the subsequent standby mode, the arc extends between the electrode and the nozzle and has a current less than the working arc current. The gas flow rate in the standby mode can be reduced to less than the working flow rate, and the plasma gas can be switched from an oxidizing gas to a non-oxidizing gas.

Abstract: In a carbon dioxide laser machining method of a multilayer material of applying carbon dioxide laser light to a machined part of a multilayer material having an insulation layer and a first conductor layer and a second conductor layer deposited with the insulation layer between and removing the first conductor layer and the insulation layer of the machined part to form a blind hole or a groove arriving at the second conductor layer, the laser light is applied to the machined part like pulses at an energy density of 25 J/cm2 or more for beam ON time in the range of 1 &mgr;s to 10 &mgr;s.

Abstract: A process gas for use in laser welding with a laser beam focused onto the work piece to be welded. The inventive process gas comprises helium, nitrogen, and at least one of carbon dioxide in an amount of up to 40% by volume, and oxygen in an amount of up to 30% by volume. The gas may comprise not more than 85% by volume of helium. Also disclosed are methods of laser welding using the inventive process gas. The invention is suitable for laser welding of low-alloy steels and coated, especially zinc-coated steels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for laser welding a workpiece (1) along a welding line (20). A laser beam (13) is guided along the welding line (20) by moving an optical deflector unit (17). High movement speeds can be obtained using only a limited amount of machinery. The invention is particularly suitable for welding closure pins and casting induced openings (7) of gas turbine blades (1).

Abstract: A method of laser trepan drilling diffuser type holes in a component which comprises directing the beam of the laser such that it drills a diffuser section on the beam entry side of the hole with the beam exiting the hole without interfering with the remaining non-diffuser part of the hole.

Abstract: A laser processing machine includes a measuring cell into which gas to be analyzed can flow, a means for decoupling diagnostic radiation from the laser radiation provided for material processing of a workpiece, and a sound detector for detecting the photo-acoustical effect produced in the measuring cell due to absorption of the diagnostic radiation by gas in the cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved nozzle assembly for deriving the final focus of a laser beam for a fine precision cut. A dial is integrally coupled to a nozzle body and a focusing lens group housing. The dial can be rotated in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction along its own axis. As the dial is being rotated, the dial's rotary motion engages the focusing lens group housing to also rotate on its own axis, and the focusing lens group contained within the housing can therefore be appreciably raised or lowered, significantly aiding the final focus. The dial has units of measurement that can be used to track the rotational position of the final focus. Similarly, the height indicator contains a micrometer that registers the final focus such that it can be recorded and replicated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for writing an optical structure within a workpiece of a dielectric material using FLDM. In a first embodiment system parameters for the FLDM are determined in dependence upon the dielectric material, a predetermined volume element and a predetermined change of the refractive index of the dielectric material within the predetermined volume element. The system parameters are determined such that self-focusing of a pulsed femtosecond laser beam is inhibted by non-linear absorption of the energy of the pulsed femtosecond laser beam within the dielectric material. A pulsed femtosecond laser beam based on the determined system parameters is focused at a predetermined location within the workpiece for inducing a change of the refractive index through dielectric modification within the predetermined volume element, the volume element including the focus. Various embodiments enable writing of various different optical structures into a workpiece.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing welding-type power includes a power circuit, a temperature sense circuit, a switch feedback circuit, and a controller. They cooperate to provide thermal management based on a switch parameter, such as current, in addition to a sensed temperature.

Abstract: Heating of the functional unit is started manually or automatically by means of a control device. An actual temperature or a parameter dependent on the actual temperature is monitored during, and optionally before and after the actual heating of the functional unit. Depending on the environmental conditions, such as air temperature or heat transfer resistance the dynamics of the values, thus the time-dependence of the parameters can vary widely. A characteristic feature of the time course of the actual temperature or of the parameters dependent on the heating temperature, which determines the phase transition of water, serves for the evaluation and control of the heating. One characteristic feature is, for example, the speed of cooling of the functional unit during a heating pause. Analysis of the characteristic features is used to control the heating power of the heating elements.

Abstract: A hidden heat strip for providing heat at the edge of a roof to prevent formation of ice. Each heat strip comprises a plurality of triangular-shaped assemblies having a heat cable inserted from under the assemblies and positioned adjacent to a notched front panel. Support clips extend from a bottom portion and a vented top panel is disposed above the heat cable. Spaced-apart reinforcement ribs are located between side panels of the assemblies to support shingles and prevent sagging. The heat strip is placed between rows of shingles and is not easily observed from the ground level.

Abstract: The invention is a sealing system and a method of operation thereof. A sealing system which forms spaced apart thermal seals along a moving at least one web (60) by contact of the moving the at least one web with heated portions (74) of sealing elements (56) mounted on a sealing wheel (50) during rotation in accordance with the invention includes seal forming elements (56) which peripherally contact the at least one web to form the thermal seals by heat transfer to the at least one web; and wherein each seal forming element has an outer section (62) on which is located at least one electrical heater (78), an inner section (64) which contacts the sealing wheel and an intermediate section (70) which includes thermal insulation (68) which insulates the outer section from the inner section.

Abstract: A food serving set for use in combination with a roasting oven or similar deep well cooker is disclosed. The present food serving set is comprised of a plurality of individual containers with sealable lids for maintaining food items in a ready-to-eat condition. The present serving set features collapsible supporting racks, which position the food containers within the deep well cooker while in use. In one embodiment the supporting rack is foldable for convenient storage or packaging of the serving set within the interior space of the roasting oven. In another embodiment the supporting rack may be easily disassembled for storage using a latching mechanism or other suitable quick connect/disconnect fasteners. In another embodiment the food containers include integral peripheral flanges, which are fitted to the inner edge of the cooking vessel and the supporting rack is unnecessary. The food serving set features folding lift out handles for user convenience.

Abstract: A heating assembly is provided for heating objects, for example, food items, that comprises a substrate attached to an insulating frame, which may optionally be attached to a metal pan. The complete assembly is attached to a cooking appliance. The substrate may take the form of a glass disk, for example, tempered soda-lime silica glass, having a conductive coating disposed on one of its surfaces. Conductive metal bus bars, for example, sprayed copper, are disposed onto and in electrical contact with the coating. A temperature sensor may be placed in thermal contact with the heating assembly. As a result, the temperature sensor would allow a cooking appliance to control the electric current being conducted through the heating assembly and, consequently, the temperature of the object being heated.

Abstract: There is disclosed a conductor having a conductive element and a covering surrounding at least a portion of the conductive element. Preferably, the covering has an inner portion and an outer portion formed of different materials such that the melting point of the inner portion is higher than the melting point of the outer portion. The conductor is particularly useful for forming heaters, which may be integrated into a seat of an automotive vehicle.

Abstract: A method of increasing the useful life of heating elements that consist essentially of molybdenum silicide and alloys thereof, wherein the heating elements operate at high temperatures in heat treatment processes and generally rest against the floor and/or the ceiling of a furnace. The heating elements contain aluminum to an extent sufficient to maintain a stable, slowly growing layer of aluminum oxide on the surfaces of the heating elements, and the heating elements are placed in direct abutment with an aluminum oxide brick material.

Abstract: A MoSi2 arc-shaped heater formed in a continuous waveform, characterized in that U-shaped heater members having parallel parts are connected alternately to each other at the end parts, and the parallel faces of the U-shaped heater members have an angle relative to each other and an arc-shaped face with a specified curvature in a connecting direction, wherein a large number of parallel U-shaped heater members having heating parts are connected to each other and welded so that the heater can have a generally arc-shaped curved surface to install the heater onto the inner wall of a heating furnace, whereby the arc heater having an excellent joining strength and capable of being manufactured stably, and a method and a device for manufactured the heater can be provided.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for producing a radiator member for electronic appliances, and is characterized in that, in a process for producing a radiator member for electronic appliances, the radiator member comprising a composite material in which SiC particles are dispersed in a matrix metal whose major component is Al, it comprises a filling step of filling an SiC powder into a mold, a pre-heating step of pre-heating the mold after the filling step to a pre-heating temperature which falls in a range of from a melting point or more of said matrix metal to less than a reaction initiation temperature at which a molten metal of the matrix metal and SiC particles in the SiC powder start to react, and a pouring step of pouring the molten matrix metal whose molten-metal temperature falls in a range of from the melting point or more of the matrix metal to less than the reaction initiation temperature, into the mold after the pre-heating step, and impregnating the SiC powder with the molten metal by pressur

Abstract: There is disclosed an induction heating device or work coil for heating electroconductive material to a desired temperature. The work coil can be used on a roll or cylinder of any diameter. The work coil has an open core of ferrite material shaped in a U. Wire is wound around the opposing legs of the U so that on excitation one leg becomes the N pole and the other leg becomes the S pole and the polarity alternates as the polarity of the excitation current alternates. A substantially thin rectangular flat layer of ferrite can be attached to ends of each pole piece. Each layer of ferrite has having a length sufficient to cover bottom end of each leg and a width in the direction of an axis perpendicular to the face of the U that corresponds to the width of the desired control heating effect.

Abstract: A method of performing a simmer cooking operation in a microwave oven is based on detected levels of humidity from a sensor and an algorithm automatically calculating a cooking time such that a desired cooking operation is optimally performed. A third heating operation is performed at about 30% of the maximum power level of the microwave oven. The third heating operation is performed for an amount of time equal to a sum of an amount of time during which first and second heating operations are performed adjusted by a predetermined constant. The total heating time is calculated and controlled by adding the amount of time during which the third heating operation is performed to the time during which the first and second heating operations are performed.

Abstract: A device and method that cleans microwave ovens through a chemical action, specifically to an agent that is placed into the microwave oven, and then activated by operating the oven for a period of time. Different embodiments include a devise composed of an open cell container filled with solution; an open cell container with an attached sponge(s) and filled with solution; and a sponge that contains a cleaning solution in hydrant or dehydrated form. In some of the described embodiments, the devise has a tear off membrane seal to maintain the solution within the cell prior to use. Another embodiment described has a bottle hanger attached to a cell. All embodiments maintain a process to absorb excess microwave energy.

Abstract: Microwave oven including an outer case forming a top and sides of a cabinet, a base plate forming a bottom of the cabinet, a front panel and a rear panel mounted in a front part and a rear part of the base plate for forming a front surface and a rear surface respectively, an inner case forming a cooking chamber on the base plate, first and second transformer mounted at corners of one side of the base plate, a fan above the second transformer for drawing external air, a fan motor connected to the fan for providing a driving power to the fan, a fan housing for protecting the fan, an air duct between the first and second transformers, having one end in communication with the fan housing and the other end branched to first and second branch ducts, and first and second magnetron on an outside surface of the inner case, the first and second magnetron connected to the first and second branch ducts respectively, thereby cooling various components of the microwave oven, smoothly.

Abstract: A microwave oven includes a body which defines an appearance of the microwave oven, a cooking cavity provided therein, a microwave-supplying unit which generates microwaves to irradiate the microwaves into the cooking cavity, a plurality of vent holes which are formed on a sidewall of the cooking cavity to ventilate the cooking cavity, a water collecting depression which is formed on a bottom of the cooking cavity to contain water therein to generate steam, and a vent hole control unit which selectively closes the vent holes. During a steam cleaning operation of the microwave oven, the vent holes are closed to prevent a leakage of the steam from the cooking cavity to the outside of the microwave oven.

Abstract: A microwave oven equipped with a toaster and a method of controlling the same. Particularly, the microwave oven equipped with the toaster is provided with a plurality of heaters and a plurality of buttons each corresponding to one or more heaters to selectively operate the heaters provided in the toaster, thereby minimizing a power consumption resulting from an unnecessary operation of the heaters. Further, the microwave oven equipped with the toaster and the method of controlling the same limits a consumption current by preventing the toaster and the magnetron from simultaneously operating, thereby being applicable to, for example, the wall mounted microwave oven having a limited consumption current.

Abstract: A cooking vessel used with microwave ovens, which produces steam through a microwave heating method and cooks food using the steam. The cooking vessel includes a lower body containing water therein and made of a microwave permeable material. A food supporting plate is seated, at its edge, on an upper edge of the lower body in such a way as to be spaced apart from a bottom of the lower body, and is made of a microwave blocking material. A plurality of perforations are formed on the food supporting plate to allow steam to pass. A lid covers the lower body, and is made of a microwave blocking material. A steam discharging hole is formed on the lid. The lid is seated at its lower edge on the upper edge of the lower body in such a way that the lower edge of the lid is spaced apart from the edge of the food supporting plate by a predetermined interval, thus allowing a predetermined amount of microwaves to penetrate into the lid.

Abstract: A liner for a shipping container includes a bottom section formed to substantially cover a bottom of the shipping container and to extend partially up an end anti side walls of the shipping container. A side section is formed to substantially cover end and side walls of the shipping container. The bottom and side sections are formed of moisture proof, flexible material with the bottom section having a greater thickness than the side section. A lower edge of the side section is affixed to an upper edge of the bottom section to provide a complete moisture barrier between the inside of the liner and the container. Reinforced corners are affixed to the bottom section with a total thickness substantially greater than the thickness of the bottom section. A lip is formed at a rear edge of the bottom section with a total thickness substantially greater than the thickness of the bottom section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluid tank (20) comprising a base section (26) that is delimited by a tank base (22), an intermediate plane (24), which is situated at a distance above the tank base (22) and a domed section (28), which is situated above the intermediate plane (24) and communicates with the base section (26). In order to assemble the fluid tank even in an environment with a complex construction for example on the chassis of a mobile concrete pump, the inventive base section (26) and the domed section (28) are configured as separate hollow parts.

Abstract: An ashtray for automobiles exhibits a holder and a removable ashtray that is inserted in the holder, whereby a lifting mechanism is provided for lifting the ashtray from a usage position into an easy-grip position for removal. The lifting mechanism includes an actuator element, which is adjustable at the holder and a transmission element acting together with it. A lifting mechanism exhibiting a simple, cost-efficient construction is created in that the transmission element is in an operating connection with a pivotal lever hinged to the holder in such a manner that, when shifting the actuator element, the pivotal lever makes an arc shaped movement, during the course of which a rounded upper end area of the pivotal lever comes into contact with the underside of the ashtray, and moves it up towards the easy grip-position for removal.

Abstract: A package for heating and dispensing a food product includes a container body having a top opening and an outside thread, and a lid assembly. The lid assembly includes an outer shell having an inside thread and an integrally formed utensil, and an inner disk. The utensil is defined by a weakened segment or outline formed into an end wall of the outer shell and has a convex region. The disk has a protrusion that is shaped to be received into the convex region when the outer shell is placed on the container body and threaded tightly onto the body over the disk. A sufficient friction force exists between the disk and the body that prevents the disk from turning when the outer shell is unscrewed an initial amount. The protrusion forcibly leaving the convex region causes the weakened segment to rupture creating tamper evidence and a vent for heating.

Abstract: A seal for use with a drink-through beverage lid, comprising a generally flat plate and a projection. When attached to a lid, the projection mates with an opening in the drink-through lid, commonly at the top of a drinking spout. The projection seals the opening, preventing spillage during transport. The seal is easily removable by grasping the plate and pulling it away from the lid.

Abstract: A container 2 having a ring pull 12 with an opening 20, the ring pull 12 being moveable over an outlet 6 of the container 2, the opening 20 being sized to prevent the ingress of specific foreign objects into the outlet 6 whilst enabling the contents of the container 2 to be poured out.

Abstract: There is described a container in combination with a closure. The container has a profile defining an opening and the closure has a profile and overlies the opening so as to provide resealable access to the contents of the container via said opening. At least part of the closure is permanently adhered to the container by means of a sealing medium interposed between the container and the closure part. The profile of the container and the profile of the closure cooperate to define a space for the containment of the sealing medium which does not communicate with the opening.

Abstract: The present invention features a cup that is used for children that transitions them from sippy cups to conventional drinking cups. The cup does not require any suction by the child when drinking yet is spill proof when locked for transit. The cup features a reservoir, a top and a lid. Within the top is a central passage and a plate that contains vents. When closed, the lid is flush against the plate and prevents any liquid from leaking. When the lid is rotated open, a gap is exposed between the lid and plate to allow liquid to flow from the reservoir and through the vents to the child's mouth. Regardless of whether the lid is opened or closed, the lid always remains below the top rim of the top.