Abstract: A water-cooled multi-cylinder internal-combustion engine having a crankcase and cooling ducts which surround the cylinders and which are acted upon by coolant by way of a pump in a small cooling circuit. For switching over to a large cooling circuit provided with a radiator, a thermostat is provided which is inserted in a thermostat housing. The thermostat housing has a top part provided with coolant connections and a bottom part preferably integrated in the crankcase. An insertion part is inserted in the bottom part of the thermostat housing, which insertion part has at least one opening which is controlled by the thermostatic valve for controlling the flow in the small and the large cooling circuit.

Abstract: The invention relates to engine building. The inventive opposed internal combustion engine comprises two cylinders (1, 2) fitted with pistons (10, 11) therein, a triple crank shaft (7) connected to the first piston (10) of the first connecting rod (19) with the aid of a pivot and connected to the second piston (11) with the aid of the second and third connecting rods (20, 21); the first and second crossheads (12, 13) are mounted on corresponding guides (3,4) in such a way that they form cavities (26) inside which the second and third connecting rods (20, 21) are connected to the pin (5) of the second crosshead (13). The invention decreases the inertial forces of an alternately moving mass and the gas pressure exerted on the pistons, subject to observance of the engine balance.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a variable compression ratio mechanism operatable during an intake stroke to change an actual compression ratio of the engine, and is capable of correcting an amount of fuel injected into the engine in response to a change in the compression ratio.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a six-stroke internal combustion engine with intake-exhaust valves. All valves in the combustion chamber are named intake-exhaust valves, because said valves function as both intake valves in an intake stroke and exhaust valves in an exhaust stroke. Because in said engine each cycle comprises an intake stroke, a compression stroke, a power stroke, an exhaust stroke, the fifth stroke and the sixth stroke, there is an interval between the exhaust stroke and the intake stroke of the next cycle. Said interval includes strokes five and six. During the exhaust stroke and said interval, all exhaust gases are expelled from a cylinder and cylinder head completely before the intake stroke of the next cycle begins. Utilizing every valve in the combustion chamber as an intake and exhaust valve increases the volumetric efficiency of the engine.

Abstract: A multicylinder internal combustion engine is provided with a plurality of cylinders sharing a single crankshaft. The combustion characteristics in the respective cylinders is improved by taking out part of combustion (expansion) gas produced in one of the cylinders at an earlier stage of the explosion (expansion) stroke, and then introducing the gas into another one of the cylinders in the suction or compression stroke.

Abstract: By the utilizing of a slave cylinder working in coordination with a master cylinder, the slave cylinder both receives cool atmospheric air and receives hot, partially un-burnt exhaust gases from the master cylinder to create a second power-stroke in the slave cylinder. With the two coordinating cylinders, the entire working process is from 0 to 810 degrees of revolution crankshaft. The master cylinder cycles work from 0 to 720 degrees of revolution and slave cylinder cycles work from 90 to 810 degrees of revolution. The master cylinder begins to intake air and fuel at 0 degree of revolution and slave cylinder begins to intake air at 90 degrees of revolution. There is an angle of 60-120 degrees differences between master and slave cylinder, where the slave cylinder is trailing the master.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of operating an internal combustion engine with a six-stroke process involving the following sequence of events:

Abstract: A valve assembly for a motorcycle engine including a valve body and a plurality of reed valve constructions. The valve assembly is configured for receipt within an aperture of an engine wall extending between the crankcase and the cam chest of the engine. In particular, the valve assembly is configured to fit within a bearing support structure and seal around a pinion shaft.

Abstract: An engine valve actuation system may include an intake valve moveable between a first position that blocks a flow of fluid and a second position that allows a flow of fluid. The system may also include a cam assembly configured to move the intake valve between the first position and the second position. An electromagnetic actuator may be configured to selectively modify a timing of the intake valve in moving from the second position to the first position.

Abstract: A valve system for an internal combustion engine in which accumulating means can be provided without deteriorating the ease of assembly is provided. A variable valve control mechanism provides control to selectively open and close intake valves and exhaust valves. Pressurized oil supplied to the variable valve control mechanism is accumulated in an accumulator. The body of the accumulator is inserted into and fixed in a hole of a cylinder head. The length of a gap formed between the upper part of the body of the accumulator and a flat plate is set to be shorter than the length of a screw part of the body of the accumulator. Therefore, the accumulator can be replaced and maintained easily, and can be prevented from falling off.

Abstract: In an air intake apparatus of an internal combustion engine, disassembling a surge tank made of resin with an intake air control valve into divided pieces, and bonding the divided pieces by vibration adhesion, for preventing the intake air control valve from breaking or characteristic thereof from changing during the vibration adhesion or for ensuring a sealing property between parts, an inner space in the surge tank is divided into first and second chambers by providing a horizontal partitioning wall within the surge tank. The surge tank is divided into a middle piece made of resin and formed integrally with the partitioning wall, a lower piece made of resin, and an upper piece also made of resin, and these three pieces are bonded by the vibration adhesion to form the surge tank. A communicating hole for making the first chamber communicate with the second chamber is formed in the partitioning wall, and a valve body for opening and closing the communication hole is provided in the communicating hole.

Abstract: A recoil starter having improved durability by inhibiting excessive deformation of a damper spring, and capable of receiving a damper spring with high shock-absorbing and force-storing capabilities. The recoil starter includes a rope reel and a cam which are rotated by pulling a recoil rope, so that a rotation of the cam is transmitted to an engine via a ratchet mechanism to start the engine. A damper spring which couples the rope reel and the cam to each other has, at opposite ends thereof, engaging portions radially movably supported by holding portions of the rope reel and the cam, respectively, so that substantially the overall length of the damper spring winds and tightens uniformly around outer peripheral surfaces of both bosses of the rope reel and the cam due to a startup resistance of the engine.

Abstract: A starter mechanism for an internal combustion engine having a spring that is wound during the starting operation of the internal combustion engine. As the operator pulls the starter rope of the engine the starter spring begins to wind creating a force within the spring. Once the spring force overcomes the compression force of the piston the spring will unwind thereby turning the crankshaft of the engine and consequently starting the engine. The starter rope is returned to the housing of the starter mechanism by the use of a rope return spring.

Abstract: A structure of bearing housings of a cylinder block comprises aluminum alloy for constituting the whole cylinder block and a plurality of fiber reinforced metal (FRM) areas.

Abstract: An engine having an oil circuit and method of communicating oil within an engine are disclosed. The engine includes a crankcase, a pump, and a camshaft having a first channel extending between first and second ends of the camshaft, where lubricant is provided from the pump to the first channel at the first end and communicated by way of the first channel to the second end. The engine also includes a crankshaft, a second channel communicating at least some of the lubricant delivered to the second end of the first camshaft to a crankshaft bearing, and a third channel within the crankshaft that receives at least some of the lubricant communicated by the second channel and communicates at least some of the lubricant to a crankpin bearing on the crankshaft. In some embodiments, lubricant is communicated by the third channel to an eccentric bearing configured to support a balance weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for switching off an internal combustion engine and to an internal combustion engine suitable for carrying out said method. Here, after a switching off command for an internal combustion engine, the throttle valve in the air intake system is again opened to enable a relatively large amount of fresh air to be sucked into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine. This considerably increases the gas forces in the combustion chambers while the engine slows to a standstill, so that the internal combustion engine can be switched off in a controlled manner. At the same time, products of combustion, which may possibly still be present, are removed from the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine. As a result, the preconditions for directly starting the internal combustion engine without a starter are created.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine piston having a combustion bowl with fuel control structure for redirecting at least a portion of the fuel exiting the combustion bowl. One form of the piston includes a sharp edge disposed at the outer surface of the piston adjacent the entrance to the combustion bowl and a rounded fuel receiving lip located within the combustion bowl.

Abstract: An direct fuel injection spark ignition internal combustion engine comprises a fuel injection valve arranged at a substantially center part of an upper are of a combustion chamber, and a piston having a crown surface with a cavity shaped so that a center axis of a substantially conical-shaped fuel stream injected from the fuel injection valve is substantially coincident with a center axis of the piston. In a low-load stratified combustion operating region when spark ignition is executed, the fuel injection angle is increased to form a first combustible air-fuel mixture before the fuel stream collides against the cavity of the piston crown surface. In a high-load stratified combustion operating region, the fuel injection angle is reduced to form a second combustible air-fuel mixture after the fuel stream collides against the cavity of the piston crown surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine, especially for motor vehicles, the engine having a catalytic converter; in the method, for heating up the catalytic converter, there is a switchover between a homogeneous operating mode with a one-time injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of the engine and an operating mode with subdivided injection of fuel at at least two injection time points into the combustion chamber of the engine; wherein, for subdivided injections, both injection time points lie ahead of an ignition of an air/fuel mixture, the first injection time point essentially corresponds to the injection time point of the homogeneous operating mode during the switchover operation from the homogeneous operating mode to the operating mode with subdivided injection, and the second injection time point of the subdivided injection takes place at first so early that the mixture arising during operation with subdivided injection corresponds approximately to a homogeneo

Abstract: An intake device for an internal combustion engine includes a throttle body (1) that forms an intake passage (1a). A throttle valve (2) is arranged within the intake passage. A pipe member (26) is connected to the throttle body, wherein the pipe member forms a communication passage (26a) communicating with the intake passage. An engagement device (53,63; 85,87; 92,63) is provided between the throttle body and the pipe member. The engagement device includes at least one engagement protrusion (53; 85; 92) and at least one engagement recess (63; 87M). When the engagement protrusion and the engagement recess are engaged with each other, detachment of the throttle body and the pipe member from each other is restricted. The assembly process is simplified by a lack of separate components such as clamps and bolts, relying instead upon a typical snap-fit connection.

Abstract: A hybrid automobile runs by transmitting a power from an engine and a power from a motor-generator MG2, and can store a part of the power from the engine and an electric power generated by a motor-generator MG1. In this hybrid automobile, a power requirement Pr* of a drive shaft is set based on an accelerator opening, and a battery charge electric power Pbi is set based on SOC, and the sum of the power requirement Pr* and the battery charge electric power Pbi are set as an engine target power Pe*. When the engine target power Pe* is less than a predetermined minimum value Plow, the engine target power Pe* is changed to the minimum value Plow. Further, in accordance with this change, the battery charge electric power Pbi is also changed, and the engine and the motor-generators MG1, MG2 are operated.

Abstract: An engine control system for maintaining the operator-commanded speed setting of an internal combustion engine over a range of engine loads and for easy starting and improved efficiency over a range of ambient and engine operating temperatures. The engine control system includes a governor assembly driven by the engine, the governor assembly supplying an output to a sensor assembly through a mechanical coupling member operator. The sensor assembly provides an engine speed control signal which corresponds to operator commanded engine speed and actual engine speed. The engine speed control signal is provided to a throttle actuator and/or a fuel control device in a manner in which the actual engine speed is controlled to correspond with the operator-commanded engine speed regardless of loads imposed on the engine. The fuel control device may include, for example, a fuel pump driven by a variable speed electric motor or a solenoid controlled variable fuel pressure regulator.

Abstract: In a throttle body there are provided a throttle valve for controlling the flow of intake air in an internal combustion engine, an electrically-driven actuator for actuating the throttle valve, and a reduction gear mechanism for the actuator, and a receptacle portion for receiving the reduction gear mechanism therein is formed in a side wall of the throttle body. A cover which covers the receptacle portion is attached to a side wall of the throttle body. The throttle assembly of the invention is provided with a potentiometer type sensor for detecting the degree of opening of the throttle valve, the sensor comprising a slider and a resistor, the slider being adapted to slide on the resistor and mounted to a peripheral surface of a driven gear so that a tip end thereof faces in a radial direction of a throttle valve shaft, the driven gear being disposed on the throttle valve shaft side of the reduction gear mechanism.

Abstract: A pump includes a pump housing, a rotating shaft extending through the pump housing, a plurality of pistons, and a plurality of control sleeves. Each piston may be at least partially, slidably contained within a respective piston sleeve. The pistons may also be be operably coupled to the rotating shaft such that rotation of the shaft rotates and reciprocates the pistons. Each control sleeve may be slidably disposed on a respective one of said piston sleeves and operable to selectively vary the amount of fluid delivered by the pump.

Abstract: For each cylinder of the engine, the fuel injection system has one high-pressure fuel pump (10) and one fuel injection valve (12) communicating with it. A pump piston (18) of the high-pressure fuel pump (10) defines a pump work chamber (22), which communicates with a pressure chamber (40) of the fuel injection valve (12), which valve has an injection valve member (28) by which injection openings (32) are controlled, and which valve is movable in an opening direction counter to a closing force by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber (40). By means of a first control valve (68), a connection (66) of the pump work chamber (22) to a relief chamber (24) is controlled, and by means of a second control valve (70), a connection (66) of a control pressure chamber (52), communicating with the pump work chamber (22) and defined by a control piston (50), to a relief chamber (24) is controlled.

Abstract: A common rail fuel injection system for a motor vehicle, comprising a distributor rail (16) fluidly connected to at least one fuel injector (18), an accumulator chamber (14) fluidly connected to the distributor rail, a high pr3essure fuel pump (10) that has an inlet for receiving fuel from allow pressure feed system (20, 22, 24) and an outlet chamger (12) for proving fuel at high pressure to the accumulator (14). A recirculation valve (52) is fluidly connected to the pump outlet chamber (12), the accumulator (14), and the low pressure feed system, wherein at a first position the recirculation valve fluidly aligns the outlet chamber (12) with the accumulator (14) and in a second position aligns the outlet chamber with the low pressure system for recirculation of fuel through the high pressure pump at the low pressure.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine is provided. The system includes a first pump adapted to generate a flow of fuel and a second pump in fluid connection with the first pump and adapted to increase the flow of fuel to a predetermined pressure. A fuel filter is disposed between the first pump and the second pump. A sensing line is adapted to provide an indication of the pressure of the flow of fuel between the filter and the second pump. A pressure regulator is adapted to receive the indication of the pressure of the flow of fuel and to control the flow of fuel delivered to the fuel filter based on the indication of the pressure.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for a vehicle, the fuel supply system being comprised of a fuel tank, a fuel pump installed in the fuel tank, a fuel level detection unit which is comprised of a float and a sensor member which detects a vertical displacement of the float, and a pressing member which presses with elasticity the sensor member against the inside bottom of the fuel tank.

Abstract: In a fuel feed unit (3), a pump holder (10) has a plurality of sheet-metal strips (13, 14) for limiting the transmission of structure-borne sound from a fuel pump (5) to an anti-surge pot (2). The sheet-metal strips (13, 14) can be manufactured cost-effectively and adapted to the particular fuel pump (5). This enables the fuel feed unit (3) to be manufactured particularly cost-effectively.

Abstract: On the condition that a predetermined time has passed after an engine control unit stops its normal engine control operation when the ignition switch of a vehicle is turned off, the control unit can be supplied automatically with operating power to start up and execute an evaporation gas purging diagnosis process for detecting the leakage in the evaporation gas purge system of the vehicle. If the control unit determines that it has started up on the foregoing condition, it inhibits the operation of the electric loads of the vehicle that are needless for the evaporation gas purging diagnosis process. This reliably prevents wasteful power consumption, thereby preventing the battery of the vehicle from running down.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions control system for small internal combustion engines includes a control valve associated with a fuel line and with a vent line which each connect the fuel tank to the carburetor. When the engine is not running, the control valve automatically closes the vent line and the fuel line, thereby trapping fuel vapors within the fuel tank and vent line and preventing the supply of liquid fuel to the carburetor. Upon engine start up, actuation of a bail assembly or vacuum produced within the carburetor causes the control valve to open the vent line and the fuel line, venting fuel vapors from the fuel tank through the fuel line to the carburetor for consumption by the engine, and opening the supply of liquid fuel from the fuel tank to the carburetor.

Abstract: The invention relates to an induction regulator (201) for an internal combustion engine which comprises one or more features selected from: at least one perforated element (203) for allowing the passage of fuel/air mixture therethrough, at least one open-topped reservoir (205) for retaining excess unvapourised fuel and means (204) for mounting the regulator in the inlet manifold of an engine, the open-topped reservoir (205) comprising a series of perforations (207) therein; at least one perforated element for allowing the passage of fuel/air mixture therethrough, means for mounting the perforated element in the inlet manifold of an engine and the means (510) for heating the perforated element; and a propeller and means for mounting the propeller (703,803,903) in the inlet manifold of an engine.

Abstract: An air induction system (10) for use with an internal combustion engine (E) including an intake is disclosed. The system (10) includes a supercharger (12) and a valve assembly. The valve assembly comprises a valve (14) and a valve control mechanism (16). The supercharger (12) receives air through a supply opening (18), pressurizes it, and discharges it through an exhaust opening (20). The valve (14) is in communication with the supply opening (18) to control air supply thereto. The control mechanism (16) is coupled to the valve (14) and causes it to vary the air supply to the opening (18) in response to air pressure conditions downstream from the supercharger (12). In one embodiment, the control mechanism (16) varies the air supply responsive to air pressure in the intake in order to both throttle the supercharger (12) as well as substantially eliminate undesirable surge conditions therein.

Abstract: Working cycle for internal combustion engines, with methods and apparatuses for managing combustion charge density, temperature, pressures and turbulence (among other characteristics). At least one embodiment describes a supercharged internal combustion engine in which a supercharging portion of air is compressed, cooled and injected late in the compression process. A sub-normal compression ratio or low “effective” compression ratio initial air charge is received by a combustion chamber on the engine intake process, which during compression produces only a fraction of heat-of-compression as that produced by a conventional engine. During compression process, dense, cooled supercharging air charge is injected, adding density and turbulence above that of conventional engines with low “effective” compression ratio for this portion of air charge also.

Abstract: A method for regulating the supercharging of an internal combustion engine is provided, which method does not require adaptation offset. A manipulated variable is formed from the deviation between a setpoint value of an operating parameter of the internal combustion engine and an actual value of this operating parameter, the manipulated variable having at least one component supplied by an integral action controller. For the integral component, a limit value is specified which is determined from multiple operating parameters of the internal combustion engine. The limit value is adapted by adaptively determining a first of the operating parameters used for determining the limit value as a function of a second operating parameter.

Abstract: A device for the ignition of an air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine using a high-frequency electrical energy source. A coaxial waveguide structure forming a resonator chamber, into which the high-frequency electrical energy is able to be fed in a predefined coupling-in location at one end of an inner conductor of the waveguide structure. The coupling-in location is designed so that the inner conductor in the region of the coupling-in location is laterally opened out fanwise, and, in this context, a predefined length is continued coaxially between the outer wall and the coaxial waveguide structure and a feed line. Consequently, a feed line may be coupled on coaxially, using which the supply of the electrical energy takes place through a coaxial insulation in the outer wall of the waveguide structure into the resonator chamber.

Abstract: In an ignition coil assembly, a plurality of ignition coils is arranged to be electrically connected to spark plugs received in plug holes of an engine. A base cover includes a plurality of receiving through holes, which are arranged at corresponding positions that correspond to positions of the plug holes, respectively. A top cover covers a top surface of the base cover and secures each ignition coil through engagement with the head of each ignition coil. Fastening bolts temporarily fasten the top cover and the base cover in a manner that allows sliding adjustment of a securing position of each ignition coil, which is loosely received in a corresponding one of the base cover through holes, in an imaginary plane that is perpendicular to an axis of each ignition coil.

Abstract: An ignition system (1, 2, 41) for an internal combustion engine is provided with an outlet for electric activation of an ignition element (9) for a combustion element in an internal combustion engine, an energy accumulator (3) for accumulating the electric energy, a control element (4) which is connected to the energy accumulator (3) and which is used to charge the energy accumulator (3) during a predefined charging time, in addition to a measuring unit for detecting the charge state of the energy accumulator (3). In order to set the charge time for the energy accumulator, a timer is provided, said timer being connected to the control element (4) on the outlet side, and the measuring unit (6, 10-12) is connected to said timer in a feedback loop, whereby the timer adjusts the charge time according to the charge state of the measured charge state of the energy accumulator.

Abstract: An ignition device (2) for an internal combustion engine, a controller (1) for said ignition device (2) and an ignition unit comprising the ignition device (2) and controller (1) are disclosed, whereby the controller (1) is linked to the ignition device (2) by means of a bidirectional control line (5).

Abstract: There are provided on an upper surface of a piston 13 which confronts to a combustion chamber two first squish areas A1 each containing a flat surface 13a extending along an outer circumferential portion the piston 13 in an arc-like fashion and two second squish areas A2 formed between valve recesses 13d, 13e of respective pairs of inlet and exhaust valves 19, 21 and each containing a protruding portion which protrudes upwardly.

Abstract: A barrel adaptor for a paintball gun is provided to induce spin onto a paintball exiting the barrel of the paintball gun thereby providing selected projectile drop compensation. The adapter consists of a structure having an elongated aperture with a first end adapted to fit snugly over the barrel of the paintball gun thereby extending the barrel. An exit portion of the adapter forms an open trough-like cavity, wherein the trough-like cavity is generally mal-aligned with the paintball gun barrel such that a spin is imparted upon a paintball fired from the paintball gun barrel as it passes longitudinally through the trough-like cavity and exits therefrom.

Abstract: An outdoor cooking apparatus includes a base heating unit and at least one cooking chamber adapted to interlockingly engage the heating unit so that the heating unit and cooking chamber can be carried separately or as a unit. The base heating unit includes a housing adapted to support burning charcoal, and at least one air opening above and below the support, respectively, that are closeable to control air flow. Several different cooking chambers are provided that nest against the heating unit and/or nest into each other and/or stack on each other. The heating unit includes a funnel to direct food grease to a collection place, and a seasoning pan that both shields the funnel from heat and that holds seasoning for flavoring food being cooked.

Abstract: A speed cooking oven is disclosed comprising a cooking cavity, a controller, thermal heating source, blower assembly, air directing means and a vent assembly. Hot air is circulated by the blower motor assembly into the oven cavity where the hot air is directed in a manner wherein a conflicting, colliding turbulent gas flow is directed at a food product providing for the rapid cooking of food products.

Abstract: A fireplace having a bottom venting arrangement is disclosed. The fireplace includes a firebox having a burner and a combustion chamber. Fumes produced by burning of gas at the burner are pulled into a plenum in the upper portion of the firebox. The plenum is in fluid communication with the combustion chamber. The plenum is also in fluid communication with an upper end of a vertical air passage. The lower end of the air passage is in fluid communication with a blower opening in a bottom panel of the firebox. An intake side of a blower is attached to the blower opening. The blower also includes a discharge side, which is coupled to an exhaust port on the fireplace. The blower operates when a fire is burning, and fumes containing combustion products are drawn into the upper plenum. From the plenum, the fumes travel into the air passage, and then travel in a downward direction to the blower opening and into the blower intake.

Abstract: The invention discloses a gas stove deflecting air-wall structure including a jet airflow discharging device disposed near a gas stove consisted of a U-shaped tube from three individual tubes using universal joints. Within each of the tubes is provided with a squirrel cage, and adjacent tubes are connected by means of multi-directional swivels. One of the squirrel cages is connected with a motor that drives and rotates the squirrel cages, and the airflow generated within the tubes is discharged through outlets at the top thereof, thus forming a invisible and transparent air-wall. The air-wall formed then forwards smoke produced by a smoke exhaust upwards to the suction area of the smoke exhaust, thereby preventing the smoke dirtying kitchen utensils and harming the health as being inhaled by human lungs.

Abstract: A boiler includes an outlet and with multi-positioning piping. The outlet is located on an angle on the boiler formed by angling the edge formed by the top side and back side of the boiler. One end of the piping is cut on an angle such that the piping may be connected to the boiler via the outlet to extend either vertically or horizontally from the boiler.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for modulating the temperature of an enclosure includes a thermal storage means on a roof portion, and panels positioned above the thermal storage means. One panel is fixed in position, either over the thermal storage means or adjacent thereto. A pair of movable panels are arranged at different levels from the fixed panel and are adapted to move with respect to sides of the fixed panel to cover or expose the thermal storage means for solar heating during the day or cooling at night.

Abstract: A method of controlling oxygen inhaling through an involuntary action of a user, includes the steps of generating a yawning influence signal periodically; applying the yawning influence signal through a media to the user; and contagiously stimulating the user to generate a sense of yawn by means of reflex action. Therefore, the user is able to subconsciously increase the oxygen inhaling into the human being and the carbon dioxide exhaling therefrom by means of involuntary action.

Abstract: Dry powder inhalers (FIG. 1) with integrated active energy patient assist dispersal systems are configured with control systems which provide adjustable energy output responsive to the user's inspiratory capabilities and/or the flowability of the dry powder being administered. The multi-dose dry drug package (FIG. 2) a piezoelectric polymer substrate which flexes to deform and provide mechanical oscillation in a selected region of the package corresponding to the dry powder drug which is dispersed during inhalation by a user. Control system (FIG. 12) employs fuzzy logic to relate in response to a user's inspiratory effort.

Abstract: A multidose powder inhaler for dispensing powdered medicament by inhalation comprises a medicament container, an air channel, a metering member, and a loose agitation element, particularly in the form of a sphere, disposed inside the medicament container. The agitation element, which can be made of a conductive material, can improve the dosing accuracy when the device is shaken.