Abstract: The invention concerns a patch antenna (20) for a small-sized portable electronic instrument comprising a radiating element (21) separated from a ground plane (23) by a dielectric (22) and comprising feed (25) and ground (26) conductors for electrically connecting said radiating element and said ground plane (23) respectively, to an electric module (6). The ground plane (23) consists of a stamped metal plate including at least a folded foot (26a, 26b) outside said ground plane and directly connecting said ground plane (23) to said electronic module (6), said foot (26a, 26b) forming said ground conductor (26) of the antenna.

Abstract: The invention provides a multiple beam antenna and a method of fabricating such an antenna. The multiple beam antenna comprises: a flexible substrate having a conductive layer; a plurality of directional antennas; and a plurality of electrical connections being routed from each of the plurality of directional antennas to at least one area of the substrate. The plurality of directional antennas and the plurality of electrical connections are formed in the conductive layer, and the flexible substrate is shaped so that the plurality of directional antennas point in prescribed directions. This provides a low cost, high functionality multiple beam antenna. The multiple beam antenna can be shaped such that the directional antennas cover a full 360° or alternatively cover any range of other angles, (e.g. 270° or 180°).

Abstract: A dual band coplanar microstrip interlaced array antenna is provided. The antenna may be confined to a relatively small area, while providing dual band operation with no or minimal grating lobes and losses. According to the present invention, first and second arrays are interlaced with one another to minimize the surface area of the antenna. A maximum spacing between array elements is selected based on the operating wavelengths and scan range for each of the arrays. A first dielectric constant of a material underlying elements of the first array is calculated from the selected element spacing and the operating wavelength of the first array. A second dielectric constant of a material underlying elements of the second array is calculated from the first dielectric constant and the operating frequencies of the first and second arrays. The present invention provides a dual band coplanar microstrip interlaced array antenna capable of efficient operation at two center frequencies.

Abstract: In an antenna unit, a radiating element and an antenna ground element are held to a dielectric member, which is primarily provided for increasing electric lines of force passing from the radiating element to the antenna ground element. The radiating element and the antenna ground element are arranged with a predetermined slant relative to a circuit board. Therefore, the number of parts or the complexity of the assembly work for the antenna unit does not increase in comparison with an antenna unit holding a radiating element with an antenna base or a bracket. Furthermore, the slant can be adjusted to any angle during the assembly work. Thus, the maximum gain angle of the directional patterns can be adjusted without increasing the size of the antenna unit.

Abstract: An antenna assembly and a wireless communication device of the invention are disclosed. The wireless communication device includes a casing, an antenna body, a rotary assembly, and a moving member. The antenna body is mounted in a concave portion of the casing for generating electromagnetic signals. The antenna body is rotated at a predetermined angle. The rotary assembly, connected to the antenna body, rotates the antenna body. The moving member, mounted on the casing, immobilizes or releases the antenna body. Therefore, users can rotate the antenna body simply by moving the moving member.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multiband antenna (1) comprising: a plane type ground element (11); a plane type “lower” active radiating element (2) including at least one “lower” slot (9); a plane type “upper” active radiating element (3) including at least one “upper” slot (10); a first short circuit element (4) electrically connecting said lower element to said upper element; a second short circuit element (5) also connecting said lower element to said ground element; a primary signal source (7); a “lower” thin sheet (12) of a first dielectric material; and an “upper” thin sheet (13) of a second dielectric material. The antenna also has a third short circuit element (6) electrically connecting said lower element and said ground element, and at least one lower slot and at least one upper slot are radiating slots.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a small-sized electromagnetic wave measuring apparatus is provided which can simply measure an electromagnetic wave radiated from an antenna to be measured. The electromagnetic wave includes: a holder for holding the antenna to be measured; a plurality of probe antennas, provided on a circle having a center substantially at the holder, for detecting the electromagnetic wave radiated from the antenna to be measured; and a rotating unit for rotating the holder around a direction substantially perpendicular to a normal of the circle as a rotation axis.

Abstract: An automotive on-board antenna includes a diversity system for performing diversity transmission and reception by a front plane antenna 11 using a windscreen of a vehicle as a dielectric substrate and a rear plane antenna 12 using a rear window glass as a dielectric substrate.

Abstract: An antenna assembly is formed from at least one antenna and associated conductive connecting means (wires, conductive gel or liquid, etc.) mounted within a deformable membrane that allows the antenna assembly to be installed or fixed within a narrow gap or crevice, wherein the gap or crevice may be subject to harsh environmental conditions. The gap or crevice is preferably a gap or crevice in a closure. The antenna assembly typically has a low profile, and is installed either flush with or within a traffic surface or within ¼″ above the surface. The deformable membrane will yield under force, but return to its original shape once the force is removed. The deformable membrane and antenna assembly will deform to conform to the shape of a gap or crevice into which the antenna assembly is installed.

Abstract: Radio antennas are aligned with each other for the creation of a fixed radio link, by temporarily mounting a powered actuator on an antenna forming one end of the link, the actuator being arranged to adjust the alignment of the antenna, controlling the movement of the actuator over a range of alignments, measuring the variations in the properties of a signal transmitted over the link as the actuator is moved, identifying an optimum actuator position, and locking the actuator in the optimum position. By using a powered antenna, it is possible to control the alignment of several antennas from a single convenient location. Once the antenna has been secured in the selected position the powered actuator may be recovered for use elsewhere.

Abstract: An antenna control system enabling the remote variation of antenna beam tilt. A drive means continuously adjusts phase shifters of a feed distribution network to radiating elements to continuously vary antenna beam tilt. A controller enables the beam tilt of a number of antenna at a site to be remotely varied.

Abstract: A slot array antenna, comprising: a power feeding waveguide for feeding microwave power; and a plurality of rectangular radiating waveguides connected to a plurality of windows which are disposed along the longitudinal direction of the power feeding waveguide, so as to guide the microwave power from the plurality of windows to the outside of the antenna. In each of the radiating waveguides, the interval “d” between the centers of gravity of slot pairs or slots is substantially the same as the wavelength &lgr;m of the microwave in the rectangular radiating waveguide.

Abstract: A device for receiving/transmitting electromagnetic signals from/to at least two satellites fixedly located at points at the geostationary path comprises an antenna, for example a lens (1) of waveguide nature. The antenna images remote points at a focal surface and in the points where the satellites are imaged receiver horns (23, 23′) are placed. The horns are adjustably mounted to a rail (21) of a mounting unit (9) except the central horn (23′) that is fixedly placed for receiving along the optical axis of the antenna, at a predetermined distance of the antenna. The rail is mounted to be rotated about the optical axis of the antenna, this giving a simple adjustment of the other horns (23). Using an adjusting assembly the curvature of the rail can be varied to be adapted to receiving at different latitudes.

Abstract: An antenna (10) having an emitter element which is positioned in front of a conductive reflector (13) and has a three-dimensional cast part. The cast part is implemented as conductive and has a closed peripheral structure (11) having alternating constrictions and bulges. The peripheral structure (11) spans an imaginary surface (14) which is intersected by at least two planes of symmetry (15.1, 15.3) of the cast part. At least two fastening elements (12.1, 12.2) are provided, which extend essentially perpendicular to the imaginary surface (14) and support the peripheral structure (11) at two points which lie on one of the planes of symmetry (15.1; 15.3). At the lower ends (16), the fastening elements (12.1, 12.2) are connected to the reflector (13), the fastening elements (12.1, 12.2) also being used for electrical excitation of the emitter element.

Abstract: An antenna device includes a meandering radiating conductor plate composed of a metal ribbon having a predetermined width that is folded a plurality of times so as to meander, a capacitive conductor plate disposed substantially parallel to a ground conductor and connected to the top end of the meandering radiating conductor plate, a connection conductor plate for electrically shorting the capacitive conductor plate to the ground conductor, and a straight radiating conductor plate extending upwardly in a vertical direction and being connected to the bottom end of the meandering radiating conductor plate. The antenna device operates as a dual-band antenna where the meandering radiating conductor plate resonates by feeding first high-frequency power and the straight radiating conductor plate resonates by feeding second high-frequency power that has a higher frequency than that of the first high-frequency power.

Abstract: The present invention provides a display control device which easily recognize the number of connected display media and which always display an optimum image on the respective display media even if an arbitrary display medium is attached or detached.

Abstract: A display system includes an image generator that generates an image and a control circuit that reduces or eliminates the viewer's perception of a visual artifact when the viewer's gaze shifts with respect to the image. For example, such a display system may generate a fill-in light to reduce or eliminate the viewer's perception of flicker or other visual artifacts when the viewer shifts his gaze with respect to an exit pupil through which the generated image is viewed. The system may match the fill-in light's brightness, color, or both the brightness and color to the brightness and/or color of the image.

Abstract: The invention provides for a method and display apparatus (10) having driving circuitry for driving a display panel (24) having a plurality of addressable discharge cells (26) driven by display pulses (DP), including the steps of applying data pulses (DAP) during the time interval between display pulses (DP) and characterized by the step of priming charges for each of the discharge cells (26) by means of the reset discharges so as to reduce the required data voltage, and in particular such a method wherein one TV-field period (TF) is divided into a plurality of sub-fields (SF) all of which are of substantially equal time durations.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for driving a plasma display panel for preventing and a spot misfire and a miswriting is disclosed. In the method, wall charges are formed at a discharge cell in an initial period. The discharge cell selects discharge cells in an address period. A wall charge control period is arranged between said initialization period and said address period. A wall charge distribution at the discharge cell is controlled in the wall charge control period. A sustain discharge is caused at discharge cells selected in said address period in the sustain period.

Abstract: A plasma display panel with a gray level white balance device is described. The plasma display panel with a gray level white balance device has a digital board, a display control circuit and a color plasma display panel. The digital board utilizes the gray level white balance device to modify gray levels of the image to fit the gray levels of the color plasma display panel according to a gray level lookup table. The gray level lookup table is established by measuring the color temperature and color deviation of the color plasma display panel at different gray levels. Curve fitting or linear regression techniques further utilize to enhance the resolution of the gray level lookup table.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing pixels of a flat panel display has a palette for holding a TFT substrate, drive signal source units, and predetermined voltage source units. The palette is grounded. One of the predetermined voltage source units applies a predetermined voltage to a Cs electrode of each of pixels constituting the TFT substrate so that the predetermined voltage is used as a reference voltage of the TFT substrate 11. The drive signal source units supply drive signals to a gate electrode G and a source electrode S respectively in each of the pixels constituting the TFT substrate. The voltages of the drive signals are floated by predetermined voltages given by the corresponding predetermined voltage source units respectively.

Abstract: A scan driving apparatus of a field emission display device includes: a pulse generator for outputting a prescribed level of voltage through ON/OFF operation of a plurality of switching units; and a scan driving IC for receiving the prescribed level of voltage from the pulse generator and selectively outputting it to an external display panel. A delay time of a scan pulse can be reduced, a crosstalk due to an overlap phenomenon according to time repetition between scan lines can be reduced, a life span of a cell can be lengthened, and a uniformity of the cell can be enhanced.

Abstract: An organic EL element drive circuit including a reference current setting circuit for at least one of three primary display colors, the reference current setting circuit comprises a first reference current generator circuit for generating a reference current, a second reference current generator circuit responsive to a first setting data for generating a current as a reference for luminance regulation on a basis of the reference current generated by the first reference current generator circuit and a reference current correction circuit for generating a corrected reference current as said predetermined reference current by adding a current according to a second setting data to a reference current generated by said second reference current generator circuit or subtracting a current according to said second setting data from said reference current generated by said second reference current generator circuit. The first and second setting data are set from the outside of the organic EL element drive circuit.

Abstract: The invention provides a device that accomplishes an improvement of overall display quality by employing drive modes depending upon display targets in an electro-optical device employing electro-optical elements for emitting light with a brightness corresponding to a driving current. More particularly, when a first drive mode is selected as a drive mode, a drive mode selecting circuit drives the electro-optical elements for a first light emitting time period shorter than a time period from a time point at which the scanning line corresponding to the pixel in which data should be written is selected to a time point at which the scanning line is next selected.

Abstract: A light-emitting display device with low power consumption and its driving method. In the driving method of a light-emitting display wherein light-emitting elements are connected to the intersections of positive electrode lines and negative electrode lines arranged in a matrix, either one of the positive electrode lines or the negative electrode lines are employed as scan lines with the other employed as drive lines; while scanning the scan lines, drive sources are connected to desired drive lines in synchronization with the scan, whereby allowing the light-emitting elements connected to the intersections of the scan lines and drive lines to emit light, a first reset voltage is applied to all of the scan lines and a second relet voltage that is greater than the first reset voltage is applied to all of the drive lines during a reset period after a scan period for scanning an arbitrary scan line is completed and before scanning the following scan line is started.

Abstract: A pulse having a width of 20H is inserted into STV in correspondence with a vertical blanking period (a period of 21H), and the speed of CKV is increased to 12 times the original speed over the period of 21H at the same time the pulse becomes High. A video signal in the vertical blanking period is at a black level, so that black is written into all organic EL elements in the period. An organic EL display continues to display black for a time period elapsed until a video is next written by the original line selection pulse. The video signal is corrected such that the shorter a video display time period provided to the EL element becomes, the higher the input video luminance of the EL element becomes in order to display black.

Abstract: Several driver circuits for energizing series arrays of LEDs are disclosed. The LED driver circuits incorporate programmable microcontrollers and switching regulators in circuits that permit precise control of current applied to the series array of LEDs. One driver circuit senses the condition of a SYNC line such that the light emission pattern of multiple LED light sources, each with a driver circuit connected to the SYNC line may be coordinated without need for a central controller. Another driver circuit applies an overdrive current to the LEDs for a first pre-determined time period, then ramps down the applied current to a sustainable level. A four channel driver circuit provides each channel with electronic switches arranged to simultaneously turn on and electrically connect a constant current source to an LED array, resulting in abrupt turn on and turn off of the LEDs.

Abstract: A display device comprising a first body and a second body, the second body connected to the first body at a rotary connection. A display element, which may include one or more light-emitting diodes, is disposed on the second body. A controller is electrically connected to the first display element so as to vary the state of the display element in response to relative movement between the first body and second body.

Abstract: A transparent active-matrix display based on a substrate has a multiplicity of transparent active pixel elements arranged in an array and transparent electrical connections to each pixel, whereby each of the pixel elements is adapted to be set independently to two or more states. In some embodiments, the substrate may also be transparent.

Abstract: A hold-type display apparatus is more likely to suffer the deterioration in the visibility of moving images due to the blur effect, compared to an impulse-type display apparatus. A single frame period is divided into a first period and a second period. Pixel data to be written to a pixel are written in a concentrated manner in the first period during a frame period. At this time, a write value for the pixel is set to twice a value of the image data in order not to lower the brightness of the images as a whole. However, only if the doubled value exceeds a range that can be displayed, the remaining pixel data are written in the second period. Thus, the change in display brightness approximates the impulse-type display apparatus, so that the visibility of moving images is improved.

Abstract: There is provided a device for driving a display apparatus. A data line drive section is common to a main screen and a sub-screen, supplies to the main screen gray scale voltages corresponding to display data from CPU, and supplies to the sub-screen a gray scale voltage corresponding to black or white data during a vertical blanking period of the main screen. A scan line drive section scans the main screen, and also scans the sub-screen during the vertical blanking period of the main screen.

Abstract: A data driver for driving multiple data lines on an LCD panel according to multiple channels of pixel data. In the data driver, a digital buffer receives and stores the pixel data at several times and selectively outputs a channel of the pixel data at a time. A DAC receives the pixel data output from the digital buffer at several times, converts the pixel data into multiple channels of analog pixel data and outputs the analog pixel data at several times. An analog buffer receives the analog pixel data output from the DAC at several times and outputs the analog pixel data at a time. An output buffer receives the analog pixel data output from the analog buffer so as to drive the data lines.

Abstract: A timing generating circuit with low power consumption and a small layout area, a display apparatus including the timing generating circuit as one peripheral driving circuit, and a portable terminal including the display apparatus as a display output section are provided. In the timing generating circuit, which is formed on an insulating substrate and generates output pulses SRFF1out to SRFFnout having different frequencies based on a master clock MCK, a clock generating circuit (11) generates an operating clock having a lower frequency than the master clock MCK frequency. Then, a counter section (12) operates based on this operating clock and successively outputs shifted pulses S/R1out to S/Rmount from shift registers (121-1) to (121-m). An output pulse generating section (13) generates output pulses SF1out to SFnout based on combinations of the shifted pulses S/R1out to S/Rmount.

Abstract: In a display device of the present invention, during a period until the start of outputting display data from a source driver, a timing control ASIC generates a gate start pulse signal GSP and a first pulse CK1 of a gate clock signal GCK, with reference to the timing of inputting a data enable signal ENAB. The signals having been generated are supplied to the gate driver, so that a dummy line G0 is driven.

Abstract: A method for adjusting characteristics of an electron source having a plurality of electron-emitting devices, and a method for manufacturing the electron source include the step of applying a pulse of a voltage for adjustment to an electron-emitting device to be adjusted one or more times according to a characteristic of the electron-emitting device, wherein the voltage for adjustment is selected from a plurality of voltages having discrete values according to the characteristic of the electron-emitting device, and a number of applying times of the pulse is determined according to the characteristic of the electron-emitting device and the selected voltage.

Abstract: An inverter controller for an LCD panel display with automatic brightness adjustment circuitry is provided. In one exemplary embodiment, the controller includes a look-up table that receives a signal indicative of the ambient light around the LCD panel and generates a signal corresponding to desired panel brightness. The signal corresponding to the desired panel brightness is, in turn, used as a threshold signal in a conventional feedback inverter topology supplying power to lamps associated with the LCD panel. In another exemplary embodiment, a master controller is provided that includes a light sensor controller to poll a slave light sensor to generate a signal indicative of the ambient light around the LCD panel.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally provide methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture for gradually dimming backlit displays. The backlit displays may be gradually dimmed by reducing a level of the backlighting from an initial level to a final level in a plurality of steps over a dimming interval. The gradual dimming operations may be performed by any suitable combination of software and hardware components. For some embodiments, parameters used for the dimming, such as the dimming interval and final level of the backlighting, may be specified by a user.

Abstract: A circuit for dynamic gamma adjustment of an LCD having a data driver and a gate driver. The brightness sampling circuit detects a brightness data of a data signal provided to the data driver. The brightness classifying circuit classifies the brightness data as a predetermined brightness group. The gamma decision circuit provides a predetermined gamma signal of a predetermined brightness group to the data driver.

Abstract: The present invention provides an illumination system for providing sequential colour light beams for display systems employing light modulators. The illumination system comprises a light source, a lightpipe, and a colour filter that is positioned after the lightpipe on the propagation path of the illumination light such that primary colour light beams shining on the light modulator have defined boundaries during colour transition periods.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrophoretic medium comprising at least two types of particles having substantially the same electrophoretic mobility but differing colors. The invention also provides article of manufacture comprising a layer of a solid electro-optic medium, a first adhesive layer on one surface of the electro-optic medium, a release sheet covering the first adhesive layer, and a second adhesive layer on an opposed second surface of the electro-optic medium.

Abstract: A particle for a display device having a positively or negatively chargeable property and a color, the particle for a display device comprising nitrogen atoms in an amount of 0.03 mmol/g to 0.2 mmol/g. This particle for a display device can avoid reduction in image density and density contrast even after repeated rewriting, and thus prevent decrease in uniformity of an image and unevenness in image from occurring.

Abstract: A computer monitor comprises a body and a frame; the body sets a display screen, a swivel camera and two speakers; the frame sets a pivoted (or fixed) plate and two center holes encircled with plural hollows at the two ends of the frame. The frame is flexibly fastened to the body by two bolts. A spring inside the body pushing two hemisphere-tipped bars outwards to protrude into a pair of hollows at the frame to wedge the body in a variable angle with the frame. The angle adjustment between the body and the frame, and the position of the plate in relative to the body enable horizontal placing for landscape viewing, vertical placing for portrait viewing, visual angle adjustment, display screen protection, computer-host mounting, wall mounting, and hand-held functions. The invention is applicable to computer monitors as well as computers with displays (LCD PCs, Notebooks, Tablet PCs, etc.).

Abstract: An input apparatus is disclosed having a hand-sensing system, a wake-up detector, and a microcontroller. After a period of inactivity, the apparatus is placed into a sleep mode to conserve power. During the sleep mode, electrical property that the hand-sensing system presents to the wake-up circuit is measured. If the electrical property exceeds a predetermined level, then the input apparatus is activated. In alternate embodiments, accelerometer, pressure switch, or computer system's response can be used to trigger the activation of the input apparatus.

Abstract: A portable display monitor having a flat panel display screen and an integral base/cover pivotally attached to each other. The base/cover covers and protects the display screen during non-use and especially during transit, and serves as a base for deployment of the flat panel display screen at appropriate viewing angles. In a preferred embodiment, the base/cover rotates around the back of the screen between 180 and 360 degrees from the closed position. The monitor is adapted for use with other devices such as portable computers, desktop computers and the like, so that the monitor may serve as a duplicate or auxiliary display viewable from a variety of locations, notably locations other than those which any display normally employed by the devices may be viewed. In other embodiments, the monitor supports other electronic functions such as auxiliary power.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided which includes a base, a display and a cursor control member. The cursor control member includes a housing. The cursor control member has an attachment element arranged at one end of the housing for detachably fixing the cursor control member to the base. A port is carried by the base for receiving the attachment element of the cursor control member. The port is adapted to translate movement of the cursor control member into control signals for directing movement of a cursor in the display when the cursor control member is engaged with the port.

Abstract: An opening is formed on a display screen, through which an operation member of an operation switch device protrudes for operation. The operation switch device comprises a display control section for controlling image display and an operation member drive control section for controlling driving of the operation member based on an operation pattern which is predetermined so as to correspond to an image displayed. The operation member drive control section drives the operation member so that the operation member can be operated only in directions of selection items shown in the displayed image, that is, directions of the arrows A, B, C, and D relative to an original point. In this way, the user interface creates mechanical operating feeling with superior recognition without imposing strain on a user's eye sight.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multifunctional input device. The input device includes a functional mode which defines the mode of operation of the input device. Each functional mode includes one or more domain levels with each domain level containing one or more domain-level values. Each domain level-value within each functional mode is assigned to one of a plurality of programmable input keys. The domain-level value assigned to each programmable input key controls the function of that programmable input key within a given functionality and domain level. The present invention also includes a display to indicate the domain-level value associated with each of the programmable input keys within a given functionality.

Abstract: A hand-held ergonomic data input and control device is provided including a housing having several integrated components, e.g., cursor control device, programmable buttons, etc., located within the housing. An optional base docking station into which the device may be inserted is also provided. The housing may include a grip portion, at least one click button, a cursor control device that generally may take the form of a trackball, scroll wheel, or other state of the art control device, and one or more programmable buttons. The lower portion of the control device may contain a pivotable connector that permits the control device to be inserted into the base docking station. The hand-held control device may be a wireless or wired version and/or may be provided with or without the optional base docking station.

Abstract: A blue tooth mouse includes a blue tooth processor device, a USB control device for connecting to computer facilities via a USB interface device, a movement detecting device and a coordinate control device coupled to the blue tooth processor device and the USB control device, to detect and to selectively send coordinate signals and movement signals of the blue tooth mouse to either the blue tooth processor device or the USB control device. The coordinate signals and the movement signals of the blue tooth mouse may be sent to the computer facilities wirelessly or via various interface cards.

Abstract: A wireless keyboard capable of implementing handwriting function is provided. The wireless keyboard comprises a control circuit. The control circuit comprising a switching matrix circuit; a micro-controller connected to the switching matrix circuit, the micro-controller being used to transform data transmitted from the switching matrix circuit into RS-232 codes; two ultrasonic wave receivers for receiving signals transmitted from a ultrasonic wave generator installed in a pen, and then calculating the coordinate of the pen according to time difference; a microprocessor connected to the two ultrasonic wave receivers, the microprocessor being used to transform the data processed by the ultrasonic wave receivers into UART format; and a bluetooth module connected to the micro-controller and the microprocessor, the bluetooth module being used to transmit the UART format data from the micro-controller or the microprocessor to a computer supported by bluetooth system.