Abstract: A crystal oscillator device includes a resonator having a plate-shaped resonator package and a plate-shaped circuit board having at least an oscillator circuit. The resonator package is supported above the circuit board such that the resonator package is substantially parallel to the circuit board, and supporting members which support the resonator package are arranged on a straight line on the bottom surface of the resonator package, the straight line being parallel to and near one of the sides of the bottom surface of the resonator package.

Abstract: The electronic apparatus comprises a display portion and a quartz crystal oscillator at least, and said electronic apparatus comprises at least one quartz crystal oscillator. Also, the at least one oscillator comprises a quartz crystal oscillating circuit comprising an amplification circuit and a feedback circuit. The feedback circuit is constructed by a flexural mode, quartz crystal tuning fork resonator or a length-extensional mode quartz crystal resonator and for example, the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator comprising tuning fork tines and tuning fork base that are formed integrally, is shown with novel shape and electrode construction. Also, the quartz crystal tuning fork resonator, capable of vibrating in a fundamental mode and having a high frequency stability can be provided with a small series resistance and a high quality factor, even when the tuning fork resonator is miniaturized.

Abstract: A voltage controlled oscillating circuit operable to output a variable frequency, includes a variable capacitance element with the variable frequency varying with a variation in capacitance of the variable capacitance element. The variable capacitance element is provided by a bipolar transistor. The capacitance of the variable capacitance element is achieved by combining capacitance formed by a PN junction between an emitter layer and a base layer and capacitance formed by a PN junction between the base layer and a collector layer in a bipolar transistor, and is controlled by a voltage applied between the emitter layer and the collector layer of the bipolar transistor.

Abstract: A receiver includes a noise reduction circuit for eliminating noise from a differential signal transmitted through a differential transmission line and a data recovery circuit for recovering data from a differential signal outputted from the noise reduction circuit. The noise reduction circuit includes common-mode chokes for reflecting common-mode noise superimposed on an input differential signal and a common-mode noise reduction circuit for directing the common-mode noise reflected by the common-mode chokes to a low potential point of the common-mode noise reduction circuit.

Abstract: A method for reducing electromagnetic radiation (EMR) between devices in electrical communication, including processing (220) signals within a first device in a manner tending to reduce EMR, and electromagnetically isolating (230) the processed signald prior to communicating the signals to a subsequent device.

Abstract: A powerline network device includes both power suppression and networking functions, and passes through power and data signals. The networking functions can include one or more of hub, router, and/or switch function, and therefore can form a subnet of devices plugged into the outlets of the device.

Abstract: A high frequency line-waveguide converter comprises a high frequency line including a dielectric layer, a line conductor disposed on an upper surface of the dielectric layer, and a ground conductor layer disposed on the same surface so as to surround one end of the line conductor, a slot formed in the ground conductor layer so as to be substantially orthogonal to the one end of the line conductor and coupled to the line conductor, a shield conductor part disposed on a side of or in an inside of the dielectric layer so as to surround the one end of the line conductor and the slot, and a waveguide disposed at the lower side of the dielectric layer so that an opening is made opposite to the one end of the line conductor and the slot, and electrically connected to the shield conductor part.

Abstract: A microwave device includes a circuit board having a microstrip layer, a ground plane, and a dielectric layer therebetween. The circuit board has a shield receiving slot for longitudinally receiving the end of a shield conductor of a coaxial cable. The coaxial cable also has an inner conductor having an end that extends longitudinally outwardly from the end of the shield conductor. The microstrip layer has an inner conductor contact adjacent the shield receiving slot that connects to the end of the inner conductor. The device may include a conductive layer in the shield receiving slot to connect to the ground plane. The shield receiving slot may have a T shape and extend through the circuit board. The device may include a mounting fixture connecting an end of the shield conductor to the circuit board.

Abstract: A microwave switch for transmitting signals having a plurality of ports and a plurality of signal paths for selective transmission of the signals. Each signal path is disposed between a respective pair of the ports and each signal path has a conducting state in which signal transmission occurs between the respective pair of ports and a non-conducting state in which signal transmission does not occur between the respective pair of ports. The switch also has a plurality of actuators, each actuator being adapted to actuate at least one of the signal paths between the conducting and non-conducting states. At least one of the ports and at least one of the signal paths are located on a first plane and the remainder of the ports and the signal paths are located on a second plane such that there are no cross over points between the signal paths in any of the planes. A switch matrix can be built using this bi-planar switch such that the switches in the matrix are connected without any cross over points.

Abstract: A transmission line of striptype includes a dielectric having a local dielectric constant alternating between at least two different values. It can be manufactured by applying a first layer (3) of a material having a first dielectric constant &egr;1 to a base (1), thereupon patterning the first layer to produce recesses, then applying a second layer (5) of a material having a second dielectric constant &egr;2 over the first layer to at least completely fill the recesses to obtain a flat surface, and finally applying a conductor on top of the produces structure. The transmission line can be used for example for various types of filters and delay lines, is simple and has a low cost for its manufacture and can give a space-saving design of different components.

Abstract: A variable true time delay line (100) includes an RF transmission line (110) and at least one fluidic delay unit (108). The fluidic delay unit includes a fluidic dielectric contained in a cavity (109) and coupled to the RF transmission line (110) along at least a portion of a length thereof. At least one pump is provided for adding and removing the fluid dielectric to the cavity (109) in response to a time delay control signal. A propagation delay of the RF transmission line is selectively varied by adding and removing the fluid dielectric from the cavity.

Abstract: A slow-wave transmission line component having a slow-wave structure. The slow-wave structure includes a floating shield employing one of electric and magnetic induction to set a potential on floating strips of said floating shield to about 0, thereby reducing losses caused by electric coupling to a substrate. A spacing between the strips is small to inhibit electric field from passing the metal strips to the substrate material.

Abstract: A multi-bit phase shifter suitably used for a satellite broadcasting and a satellite communication band includes one or a plurality of phase shifters each having a short stub with an end short and an MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) switch formed at the end of the short stub and controlling an impedance value. A processing cost and an insertion loss can be reduced, a driving voltage can be lowered, a wider bandwidth can be obtained, and uniform phase characteristics can be obtained.

Abstract: A duplexer includes two surface acoustic wave filter having different band center frequencies, and a phase matching circuit that matches the phases of the two surface acoustic wave filters to each other. In this duplexer, one of the two surface acoustic wave filters is a ladder type surface acoustic wave filter, while the other one of the two surface acoustic wave filters includes two or more dual-mode type surface acoustic wave filters that are connected in parallel.

Abstract: A tunable ferroelectric component and a narrowband resonant circuit for measuring the loss of the ferroelectric component. The ferroelectric component may be a capacitor integrated in the resonant circuit. The testing method eliminates other sources of loss to isolate the loss due to the ferroelectric material and to demonstrate that this loss is low.

Abstract: Provided are a filter and a method of arranging resonators, which enable forming an attenuation pole and thus achieving excellent frequency characteristics. The filter includes a plurality of resonators. An electromagnetic wave enters through an input end into one of the resonators and exits through an output end from another resonator. The resonators are arranged so that two propagation paths are formed between the input end of one resonator and the output end of another resonator. Forming a plurality of propagation paths allows producing the attenuation pole.

Abstract: A high frequency substrate includes a first metal layer, a first dielectric layer, a second metal layer, a second dielectric layer and a high-frequency signal transmission line. The first dielectric layer is formed on the first metal layer, and the second metal layer is formed on the first dielectric layer. The first and second metal layers are maintained in stable voltage status due to the high dielectric coefficient of the first dielectric layer. Besides, the second dielectric layer is formed on the second metal layer. High speed and high frequency transmission are achieved when signals transmitting in the high-frequency transmission line formed on the second dielectric layer due to the low dielectric coefficient of the second dielectric layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high frequency module having a base substrate unit (2) which has its uppermost layer planarized to form a buildup-forming surface (16), a high frequency circuit unit (3) having multiple wiring layers which are formed on the base substrate unit (2), each of which layers has a wiring pattern and film elements formed on a dielectric insulating layer thereof, whose uppermost wiring layer (17) has plural lands (22) and ground patterns (20) formed thereon together with the wiring pattern and inductor elements (19), and a semiconductor chip (4) mounted on the wiring layer (17) of the high frequency circuit unit (3). Transmission lines (24) to connect the inductor elements (19) and lands (22) which are formed on the wiring layer (17) are directed within hollowed pattern regions (20c) formed at the ground pattern (20) to constitute coplanar type transmission lines.

Abstract: A circuit breaker includes at least two stationary contact devices, at least two movable contact devices and at least one drive device. The at least one drive device is operatively connected to the at least two moving contact devices. The contact-making between at least one stationary contact device and at least one moving contact device and the contact-making between at least one further stationary contact device and at least one further moving contact device each take place at different times during the connection process.

Abstract: A micro switch having a dielectric layer having a movement region formed on a substrate, a conductive layer formed on a predetermined portion of the movement region, a dielectric film formed on the conductive layer, first and second electric conductors formed a predetermined distance above the dielectric film, one or two lower electrodes formed on the movement region, and one or two upper electrodes formed a predetermined distance above the two lower electrodes, the one or two upper electrodes moving the conductive layer and the dielectric film upwards when an electrostatic force occurs between the upper and lower electrodes, and capacitively coupled with the first and second electric conductors to allow a current to flow between the first and second electric conductors. Such a micro switch has a high on/off ratio and isolation degree and a simple structure, and can be fabricated in a very easy process.

Abstract: An electrical contacting device includes a plurality of current paths connected in parallel to each other, and a plurality of electrical contact points each having a first contact and a second contact that are mechanically opened and closed. Each current path is provided with a corresponding one of the contact points. For prevention of the occurrence of arc discharge at the contact points, each current path has its electrical characteristics adjusted in order not to allow the passage of the minimum discharge current.

Abstract: A magnet assembly connectable to a metal assembly in an engaging fashion, a metal assembly connectable with the magnet assembly in an engaging fashion and a snapping mechanism comprising the magnet assembly and the metal assembly are disclosed, to be used with a strap and a watch case. A leaf spring element and a base element to be used with a watch case are also disclosed, together with manufacturing processes and a system and method to teach the concept of time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a superconductor assembly comprising a metallic superconductor and a ceramic superconductor, which are mechanically and electrically interconnected to form a one-piece hybrid superconductor.

Abstract: A solenoid stator assembly and manufacturing method for an electro-mechanically actuated fuel injector. The solenoid stator assembly comprises a permeable stator core and a stator coil. A housing formed of an electrically insulating material is located about the stator core and stator coil such that a distal end of the stator core is oriented proximate to an armature of the fuel injector. A pair of terminals extends into the housing to a pair of leads for the stator coil to energize the stator coil and generate a magnetic field for actuating the fuel injector armature. A reinforcement structure is disposed generally about the stator core within the housing to improve the robustness of the stator assembly.

Abstract: Disclosed is a linear coil actuator having field sub-assemblies, and a coil assembly, in which the field sub-assemblies each have a field blank, and at least one of the field sub-assemblies also includes groups of magnets. Each group of magnets employs magnets having the same or different sizes and arranged to provide a magnetic polarity and a magnetic flux density distribution in the air gap in correspondence to specified load characteristics, such as a spring having a spring constant K. The field sub-assemblies are positioned with respect to one another to form a gap between the field assembly which includes the magnets, and another of the field assemblies, and the coil assembly is moveable in the gap.

Abstract: A rotary solenoid apparatus includes a rotation shaft, a regulating means for regulating the rotation range of the rotating shaft, a permanent magnet fixed to the rotating shaft in a body, a spring for urging the rotating shaft in the circumferential direction, a yoke having a pair of stator portions being opposite to the permanent magnet with a predetermined clearance, a coil wound on the yoke and an energization control means for controlling the energization of the coil so that the coil is selectively excited. The permanent magnet is magnetized in the radial direction of the rotation shaft.

Abstract: Power tool (10) may include solenoid coil (1) that functions as a drive source for plunger (5). Battery (3) may be connected with solenoid coil (1), battery (3) supplying a current to solenoid coil (1). Solenoid coil (1) may store magnetic energy while current from battery (3) flows through solenoid coil (1). The magnetic energy stored in solenoid coil (1) may be transformed into kinetic energy of plunger (5), whereby plunger (5) being moved from a first position to a second position. The magnetic energy stored in solenoid coil (1) is determined by the current flowing through solenoid coil (1) and has no relationship with the voltage of battery (3). Consequently, sufficient power can be conveyed to plunger (5) even if the voltage of battery (3) is low.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vertical field type MRI apparatus provided with a superconducting coil system 20a, 20b for generating a substantially homogeneous magnetic field in an imaging volume 18 of the apparatus. The coil system includes a circular outer coil 28 and a supplementary coil 30 which is positioned in the same plane 32 as and within the outer coil, which coils conduct opposite currents. The ratio Da/Do of the diameter Da of the supplementary coil to the diameter Do of the outer coil lies between 0.7 and 0.9. Further coils 34 to 38, 40 to 46 for making the field even more homogeneous are preferably located on a conical surface 48, 50 within the first mentioned coils 28, 30 in such a manner that a recess is formed in which a conically shaped gradient coil system 52 can be accommodated, with the result that the expensive outer coil 28 and the supplementary coil 30 can be arranged at an as short as possible distance from the space for receiving the patient to be examined.

Abstract: A core member for winding is disclosed having a main body and two end flanges at two ends of the main body, each end flange having a top step above the elevation of the topmost edge of the main body and two upright legs vertically upwardly protruded from the step in an offset position.

Abstract: A device for absorbing axial and radial short-circuit forces in a cable-wound inductor where a fixing member (10) with its inner envelope surface surrounds the cable winding (4) of the inductor.

Abstract: A torque motor (20) has a base (21), four polepieces (22A, 22B, 22C, 22D) extending away from the base, the polepieces being separated from one another and being arranged at the corners of an imaginary polygon (27), each polepiece terminating in a pole (23A, 23B, 23C, 23D); a coil (24A, 24B, 24C, 24D) surrounding each of the polepieces; an armature (26) pivotally mounted on the base, the armature having a portion arranged to move toward and away from an associated one of the poles, respectively, to define a variable-reluctance air gap (gA, gB, gC, gD) therebetween; a permanent magnet (29) mounted on one of the base and armature and polarized in a direction parallel to the pivotal axis of the armature; and wherein at least a portion of the torque motor is formed by a MEMS technique; whereby the coil may be selectively energized to cause the armature to pivot about its axis.

Abstract: A transformer (1) serves to produce high electrical currents, in particular, for transforming high alternating and power pulse currents for producing magnetic fields in magnetic technology for magnetizing magnets and magnetic systems, as well as in conversion technology for forming electrically conductive materials by means of a magnetic field. The transformer has at least one primary coil (2) and at least one secondary part (3), which are connected with bus bars (4, 5). The secondary part (3) of the transformer (1) includes at least one electrically conductive plate (6), in which at least one cut-out penetrating the plate (6) is disposed. At least one slit (8) originating from the cut-out (7) is provided, which separates the plate (6) on one side of each cut-out (7) into two parts and produces the required bus bar (5).

Abstract: A fuse connector has a housing (10) with a plurality of front-stops (18A, 18B) for enabling a plurality of kinds of fuses (30A, 30B) to be locked even though casings (31A, 31B) and tab terminals (32A, 32B) of the fuses (30A, 30B) have different positional relationships along a mounting direction of the fuses (30A, 30B) into the housing (10). Thus, regardless of which of the two kinds of fuses (30A, 30B) is mounted, the fuse (30A, 30B) is located at a specified front-limit position, and the tab terminals (32A, 32B) can be connected with terminal fittings (20) at proper positions. Therefore, it is sufficient to prepare only one housing (10) for two kinds of fuses (30A, 30B).

Abstract: A voltage-dependent resistor includes a composite of at least one semiconductive ceramic layer mainly containing ZnO and at least one metal oxide layer containing at least one of strontium and barium, at least one of manganese and cobalt, and at least one rare earth element. The material for the at least one metal oxide layer is represented by the general formula M1-xAxBO3 where M indicates the at least one rare earth element; A indicates the at least one of strontium and barium; B indicates the at least one of manganese and cobalt; and x≦0.4. The at least one semiconductive ceramic layer, which is an n-type semiconductor, is doped with a trivalent dopant. The total number of the at least one semiconductive ceramic layer and the at least one metal oxide layer is at least three.

Abstract: The present invention relates in particular to a semiconductor component, such as especially a humidity sensor (200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800), which has a semiconductor substrate (101), like in particular of silicon, a first electrode (102) and a second electrode (202) and at least one first layer (101) that is accessible for a medium acting from the outside on the semiconductor component, the first layer being arranged at least partially between the first and the second electrode.

Abstract: Apparatus for, and methods of, reading fingerprints using a fingerprint reader having (1) a finger-actuated sensor and/or (2) a user interface. The user interface may include one or more switches to input commands and/or preferences from a user of the reader. Alternatively, or in addition, the communication interface may include a light source configured to indicate a current status of the fingerprint reader by emitting light of a selected color.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for detecting a received signal includes a rectifier with an input connected to a receiving antenna for rectifying an encoded received signal, a signal capacitor connected to an output of the rectifier, a discharge current sink connected to the signal capacitor, and a signal evaluating circuit connected to the signal capacitor. The discharge current sink includes a current mirror circuit of cascode-connected transistors. Thereby, the discharge current is substantially independent of the signal voltage over a larger range of voltages. This signal detection circuit is useful in transponders or remote sensors that receive and detect a signal transmitted by a base station.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for deriving electrical power from a received electromagnetic field to power a transponder includes a detuning unit connected between two antenna terminals for limiting the power absorbed by the antenna. The detuning unit includes a component having an impedance that passively varies or is actively varied dependent on the field strength of the field prevailing at the antenna. One arrangement of the detuning unit includes two varactor diodes connected anti-parallel between the antenna terminals. Another arrangement of the detuning unit includes a varactor arranged in series between two capacitors between the antenna terminals, a field strength detector, and a controllable voltage source connected to apply to the varactor a control voltage that varies depending on the detected field strength. Thereby, the input impedance varies depending on the field strength, to achieve impedance matching for a low field strength, and a mis-matched condition for a high field strength.

Abstract: The invention concerns a radio-frequency transponder (12) for contact-free identification with a reader (10), comprising: an antenna (24), an analog circuit (25) including a capacitor (32) an AC-DC converter (34), a modulator (40) and a demodulator (38), a logic control circuit (26), a storage unit (27). Said transponder (12) is designed such that: the antenna (24) and the capacitor (32) form together a resonant circuit, the clock extractor (36) processes the first signal (Tx) to extract therefrom a clock signal addressed to said modulator (38) as long as the voltage of said signal (Tx) exceeds a first threshold value, the converter (34) transforms the first signal (Tx) into a rectified signal, to power the transponder (12). The performances of the transponder, and more particularly energy recuperation and data transmission rate, are improved by the fact that the analog circuit comprises two clock extractors, one of low level type (35), the other of the high level type (36).

Abstract: A synchronous and/or programmed flare control method for an outdoor light signal group is designed by having coordinated universal time from the global position system and planned control of the light source group to achieve sync-programming flare; power source for each light source being separately connected to allow maximal cable layout flexibility without having to provide signal cable between controller and each light signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring operation of a security camera on a powerline network includes a powerline modem for coupling to a powerline network for receiving a monitoring signal from a security camera coupled to said powerline network, and a computer configured for processing said monitoring signal, determining a status of said security camera based on said processing and generating a response notifying said status based on said determining.

Abstract: A burglar alarm lock for steering wheel of cars and particularly to a burglar alarm lock aiming at improving U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 08/616,338 and 824,781 previously submitted by Applicant to enhance theft-deterrent effect and utilization effectiveness. It has a receiving antenna installed on a lock block adjacent to the window of the driver seat at an elevation slightly higher than the lock body. The antenna is connected to an alarm circuit located in the lock set. Through a remote controller and the antenna, the alarm lock may be activated and the alarm may be released at a long distance. The antenna can attenuate the shield effect and improve signal transmission to enhance control effect at a long distance.

Abstract: A stand alone sensor module having built in intelligence that provides object detection for a both a vehicle and stationary applications. The system includes a processor connected to a sensor and a signal interface. The processor receives signals from the sensor and the signal interface and generates a status signal based on the signals received from the sensor and the signal interface. The processor drives the status signal to the signal interface.

Abstract: A railroad collision avoidance system and method are disclosed that utilize impulse radio technology to effectively warn a person when there is a locomotive in their vicinity. In one embodiment, the railroad collision avoidance system includes a transmitting impulse radio unit coupled to a locomotive and a receiving impulse radio unit coupled to a vehicle. The transmitting impulse radio unit operates to transmit an impulse radio signal towards the vehicle when the locomotive is a predetermined distance from a railroad crossing. Upon receiving the impulse radio signal, the receiving impulse radio unit makes sure the person operating the vehicle is informed about the potentially dangerous situation. Several embodiments of the railroad collision avoidance system and method are disclosed all of which operate to warn a person when there is a locomotive in their vicinity.

Abstract: Each of transmitters includes a condition detecting device for detecting the condition of a corresponding tire, and an acceleration detecting device for detecting the direction of acceleration accompanying rotation of the corresponding tire. Each transmitter wirelessly transmits data containing data representing the condition of the tire and data representing the direction of the acceleration. A repeater receives data from the transmitters provided in front tires or data from the transmitters provided in rear tires. When receiving data from any of the transmitters, the repeater wirelessly transmits a response signal when a predetermined period has elapsed after the reception of the data. A receiver receives data from the transmitters and the response signal from the repeater.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a data transmission method for a tire-pressure monitoring system (10) of a vehicle. The data is transmitted by wheel units (12) to a central computer (13) located in the vehicle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for communicating a signal from an external transmitter located in a remote location to a sensor mountable in an interior of a pressure vessel including a vehicle tire. The method and apparatus include disposing a pressure transducer assembly within the pressure vessel or tire in communication with a fluid. The transducer is operably connected to circuitry including a receiver circuit disposed on a PCB. A signal is transmitted from the external transmitter and received with an antenna disposed on the PCB operably connected with said receiver circuit. The antenna is configured as a trace coil disposed on at least two layers of the PCB with each of the trace coils being wound on a corresponding layer in an essentially spiral configuration. Each of the trace coils are on a corresponding layer being and serially connected to a contiguous trace coil disposed on a contiguous layer.

Abstract: A wheel provided with a tire sensor unit having a sensor and a radio transmitter. The sensor detects a pressure and temperature of a tire, and generates a tire pressure data signal and a tire temperature data signal based on the pressure and temperature of the tire. The radio transmitter generates a data signal including the tire pressure data signal and the tire temperature data signal, and transmits the data signal by wireless.

Abstract: A simple and inexpensive seatbelt use indicating apparatus that allows easy recognition of the states of use/non-use of the seatbelt is provided. The apparatus includes a design figure that implies whether the seatbelt is used or not, and a lamp portion that indicates the use or the non-use of the seatbelt of each seat location via the color of light. The lamp portion causes two-color LEDs to glow corresponding to indications of the seat locations in accordance with the on/off states of buckle switches provided in seatbelt devices. Whether a seatbelt is used or not is indicated by changing the color of light of a corresponding LED, that is, changing the fashion of indication. The glow of LEDs is changed between red and green. Red glow of an LED indicates that a corresponding seatbelt is used, and green glow of the LED indicates that the corresponding seatbelt is not used.

Abstract: An apparatus for indicating signals for vehicles is provided, which includes: a U-turn indicating light which is connected to a U-turn indication contact and provided in the front and rear side of a vehicle; a left-side direction light which is connected to a left-side direction indication contact and provided in the front and rear side of one side in the vehicle; a right-side direction light which is connected to a right-side direction indication contact and provided in the front and rear side of the right-side in the vehicle; a switch lever which is selectively connected to the U-turn indication contact, the left-side direction indication contact, and the right-side direction indication contact, and selectively applies electric power to the U-turn indication light, the left-side direction light, and the right-side direction light; a power source for supplying power to the switch lever; an emergency indication light which is provided in the front and rear side of the other side in the vehicle to receive the