Abstract: The invention relates to a crinkling device comprising a slide rod (16), to which a second crinkling element (15) is fastened. The slide rod is guided in a frame (2) so as to be movable in a substantially vertical direction between a lower position (L), in which the second crinkling element (15) is out of contact with the lower edge (4) of a foil web (1), and an upper position (U), in which the second crinkling element (15) deflects the lower edge (4) of the foil web (1) upwards so as to crinkle it. The slide rod returns to the lower position (L) when not exposed to a force acting in the upward direction. The device further comprises first coupling means (171, 181) for forming a releasable coupling between the slide rod (16) and a first drive element portion (8) when the drive element (7) is running in-a first direction (11) to move the second crinkling element (15) to the upper position (U).

Abstract: Abstract: The method according to the present invention and the device (1) used to implement said method for wrapping or enveloping a galosh which is also named as an overshoe, around a footwear, have been developed in order to avoid the bacteria, microbes, dust, mud and other dirt particles that may be found on the soles of the footwear, from being carried into and the areas with hygienic requirements. With said device (1), the sole and the side walls (side vamps) of the footwear are wrapped with a film (21) by a method, wherein warm air is blown at a suitable flow rate towards said sole and side vamps of the footwear, which causes said film (21) to shrink and cover said solve and side vamps of the footwear by wrapping them up when it comes into contact wit the film.

Abstract: A tubular bag-making machine for forming a flexible tube from a hot-sealable web of packaging material sealed longitudinally by means of a longitudinal seam sealing device and transversely by means of a transverse seam sealing device to produce individual tubular bag packages. To improve the transverse sealing seams, bores which can be made to communicate in alternation with a negative-pressure source or an overpressure source are embodied in the sealing jaws of the transverse seam sealing device in regions having a reduced number of layers of packaging material to enable a good heat transfer and a higher sealing pressure in the region of changes in the number of layers of packaging material of the transverse sealing seams.

Abstract: A machine (M) for producing blister packs (10) includes unrolling means (3,7,21) for unrolling a band of heat-formable material from a bobbin (2) and for feeding the band (1) along a predetermined path (P) extending through subsequent stations (5,6,30,8,9,13), in which the band (1) is processed. The above-mentioned stations include a heating station (5), where the band (1) of heat-formable material is heated, a forming station (6), where a plurality of blisters (20) are formed on the band (1), a filling station (8), where the blisters (20) are filled with products, a sealing station (9), where the blister band (1a) is closed with a sealing band (11), and a cutting station (13), where the closed blister band (1ac) is cut into blister packs (10). A further heating station (30) is provided for heating the blister band (1a) along the path (P) upstream of the filling station (8), so as to heat the band (1a) to cause a thermal stabilization treatment of the blister band (1a).

Abstract: These interface pads with proportional valves have at least one inflatable member having a foam core with a cell structure that absorbs atmospheric air. The transmission of air into the foam core is controlled by a valve in said opening. Fasteners are used to affix this inflatable member in a location where it can serve as an interface pad between a living creature and another object. The valve used is a proportional valve adjustable to different pressure settings, where the different pressure settings allow air to escape from the valve until the set pressure is reached. In one preferred embodiment, there are two inflatable members adapted for placement adjacent the upper sides of a load-bearing animal. An important subcategory of this embodiment covers bareback riding pads, including bareback riding pads for use by handicapped persons. In other embodiments, at least one inflatable member is adapted to pad an interface between a human and an object.

Abstract: An automated animal-training system is provided, which includes an enclosure device for the animal, an arrangement for adjustably fixing the location of the animal within the enclosure device, and an actuation mechanism for moving the automated animal-training system. In order to simulate real racing situations for the animals, the arrangement for adjustably fixing the location of the animal within the enclosure device is controlled by one or more motors movable on sliding rails. Furthermore, a mechanism is provided for suspending the animal in the training device in case the animal trips.

Abstract: A safety turn out garment for a horse to wear, inter alia, during hunting season and at night, is made from highly visible (e.g., blaze orange) fabric, which may be made from mesh fabric, and has highly reflective strips affixed thereto. Such garment may be made into an equine fly mask or an equine sheet/blanket, which retains the function of conventional equine fly mask or turn out sheet, yet provides better safety for the horse.

Abstract: A particulate filter (22) for collecting particulates in the exhaust gas is comprised. The particulate filter (22) includes partitioning walls (54) for forming passages (50, 51). The partitioning walls (54) are made of a porous material. The end portions of adjacent partitioning walls (54) are brought close each other so as to narrow the respective passage formed by the partitioning walls (54), and the cross-sectional area of the flow path at the end region of the passage is made to be smaller than the cross-sectional area of the flow path in the remaining regions of the passage. The particulate filter (22) has an extended portion (55) which extends beyond the top ends of the partitioning walls (54) from the end surface of the particulate filter (22).

Abstract: A honeycomb filter 1 is constituted by integrating a plurality of honeycomb segments 12 including a large number of through channels 3 partitioned by partition walls 2 and extending through an axial direction. The honeycomb filter 1 is characterized in that a thermal conductivity, strength, or strength/Young's modulus ratio of a honeycomb segment 12I, disposed in a central portion is high, or a porosity, average pore diameter, or (porosity×(average pore diameter)2) of a wall portion is small with respect to a honeycomb segment 12O disposed in an outer peripheral portion. The honeycomb filter is used in a filter or the like for capturing particulates in an exhaust gas, superior in regeneration efficiency, and capable of simultaneously achieving durability and low pressure loss.

Abstract: A metal filter is provided which is capable of enhancing efficiency of seizing and removing black smoke minute particles by simplified and low-cost configuration. The metal filter is made up of a corrugated roll-shaped metal porous body fabricated by winding up, in a multi-layer manner and in a vortex form, a metal plate in which many through holes having surface-protrusions at edge portions and which repeatedly forms a sine-wave shaped rising and falling structure. Exhaust gas from a diesel engine passes through clearances among layers of the metal porous body and black smoke minute particles contained in the exhaust gas are seized and removed. The through holes are formed in crest portions and trough portions making up the rising and falling portions. Approximately all or a greater part of surface-protrusions are formed on column-like concave portions corresponding to lower parts of the crest portions and to upper parts of the trough portions.

Abstract: In the working machine wherein the output of an engine generator is directly supplied to a motor for travel without using the intermediary of a battery, preventing the engine from slowing down. The generator G is directly connected to the motor 7 and there is no battery that stores the output of the generator G. CPU 102 decreases the power supply for the motor 7 when it has been anticipated that the engine revolutions will be decreased. The number of the engine revolutions is detected according to the period of the waveform of an output of the generator G. The alternating current waveform that has been drawn out from one phase of the winding of the generator G is shaped into a rectangular waveform. CPU 102 detects the period of the shaped waveform. When the detected period has become larger, the CPU 102 determines that the engine revolutions is about to decrease.

Abstract: A hole trimmer (10) capable of removing peripheral material projecting inside a perimeter of a first aperture (1), said hole trimmer (10) including: a severing mechanism (11) with first (14) and second (15) substantially opposed cutting surfaces, configured such that said first cutting surface (14) is capable of passing through said first aperture perimeter (1), whilst said second cutting surface (15) is incapable of passing through said first aperture (1) perimeter; an actuation mechanism (12) capably of reversibly moving said first (14) and second cutting surfaces (15) towards and away from each other about a first longitudinal axis, wherein, in use, second cutting surface (15) is inserted through said first aperture (1) passed said material until said first cutting surface (14) contacts said aperture (1) perimeter, whereupon, said actuation means (12) is activated to move said second cutting surface (15) along said first longitudinal axis into cutting contact with said first cutting surface (14), severing

Abstract: An improved lawn mower includes a chassis assembly having one or more drive wheels, a ground-following cutter deck assembly attached to the chassis, and rolling means attached to the cutter deck, wherein the chassis and the cutter deck are arranged such that the rolling means and the drive wheels support the chassis for movement over a surface. The ground-following cutter deck thereby reacts to the ground contours independent of the reactions of the chassis, and the combined weight of the chassis and cutter deck keep the cutter deck from bouncing, thus, the ground-following cutter deck follows the ground contours evenly.

Abstract: A turf machine is disclosed having a body with an engine and a mower deck. The turf machine has a plurality of track drives coupled to the engine. The turf machine further has a forward power coupling which transfers power from the engine to the mower deck.

Abstract: A tree cutting attachment for a skid loader or other types of self-propelled work vehicles to be used at construction and landscaping sites. The device is used to cut down brush and trees of up to 8-10 inches in diameter. The tree cutting attachment is made up of a motor driven rotor assembly which is journaled within the frame of the attachment. The rotor assembly comprises a cage-like mounting system having pockets in which tempered steel blades, approximately 6 inches in width are bolted in a side-by-side relation. Two rows of blades are mounted 180 degrees apart proximate the periphery of a rotor comprised of a series of parallel, generally circular plates that are welded to longitudinally extending rods. The knife blade elements are bolted to the blade holders with the non-sharpened end of the blade elements abutting a flat steel bar that forms part of the cage.

Abstract: Device for cultivating a grass cover (19), said device comprising a frame (1) to be coupled to a tractor (3), said frame supporting a driven shaft (17), which, during use of the device, extends square to the direction of movement of the frame and extends almost horizontally. Said shaft (17) is provided with a number of cultivating members (18), square to the axis of said shaft, at spaced-apart positions, which project into the grass cover and bring the ground below upwards to above said grass cover (19) during use. In front of the location where a cultivating member (18) is situated in the driven shaft (17), a cutting disc (12) is present which is rotatably supported by the frame (1) through a supporting shaft (6). Each cutting disc (12) is followed by a rising coulter (14), followed by a rotatably driven cultivating member (18) and subsequently means (20) for pressing the parts of the grass cover (19) that were turned upwards by the rising coulter (14).

Abstract: A crop divider for a harvesting assembly is provided with a foldable deflector. The deflector is mounted to the harvesting assembly by a pivot link having a pivot axis. The deflector can be folded about the pivot axis between an operating position and a transport position. The crop divider can be fixed in the operative position by an arresting element. In the operating position the arresting element surrounds the pivot link and locks the pivot link in place.

Abstract: The invention comprises a beet harvesting device. The device has a first plurality of pairs of laterally positioned harvesting discs, and a second pair of laterally positioned harvesting discs, with the second pair being spaced longitudinally from the first plurality of pairs of discs and laterally between the paths of the first plurality of pairs of harvesting discs so that beets may be harvested in a path between the first plurality of pairs of discs, to thereby provide a novel apparatus for more readily harvesting beets in paths narrower than customarily harvested with a first plurality of pairs of laterally positioned harvesting discs.

Abstract: According to the invention, the resistance of the links of a D-profile chain may be increased, whereby the transitions between the flanks (2, 3) and the outer planar bearing surfaces of the links comprise roundings of radius r, which is 0.2 to 0.4 times the value of the separation (A) between the flanks of the chain links.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for vaporizing a liquid where provided is a boiler in heat-transferrable contact with a plenum that receives a heated medium. The boiler receives a liquid through a liquid inlet, the liquid being in mist or droplet form. The boiler also receives a transport gas through a gas inlet. The transport gas serves to carry the liquid through the boiler where the liquid is vaporized. Also provided is a method of vaporizing a liquid where a transport gas is used to carry a liquid in mist or droplet form through a heated boiler for vaporization.

Abstract: A gas pump comprising of a porous material or capillary tube(s) that uses a chemically reactive material added to the pumped gas for the purpose of generating, upon reaction, a temperature gradient across said porous material or capillary tube(s) and thereby sustaining the thermal transpiration pumping process without an external heat or cooling source is described. Means for coincident pumping of non-reacting gas streams, multiple-stage pumping for higher gas pressures, coincident electrical power generation, and ignition of the reactive material are presented.

Abstract: A convergent/divergent chevron flow nozzle for use with a jet engine. The flow nozzle includes a converging portion that terminates at a throat portion. Extending from the throat portion is a plurality of chevrons spaced apart by ventilation areas. The chevrons diverge from the nozzle exit flow direction of the flow nozzle. The diverging chevrons serve to increase the thrust produced by a jet engine associated with the flow nozzle during and reduce shock related noise at cruise conditions. The ventilation areas prevent over-expansion of the nozzle flow at takeoff and resulting shock related noise from the plume, and increases plume mixing to reduce jet exhaust noise during takeoff without negatively affecting the thrust generated by the exhaust flow. The flow nozzle can be implemented at both the fan nozzle and exhaust nozzle areas of a dual flow jet engine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an arrangement for, in connection with a possible external fire in an ammunition bunker, preventing products container therein comprising encased explosives, such as for example rocket engines, exploding. The basic principle underlying the invention is that the casing (2, 6) surrounding the explosive is to consist of a number of parts which are held together by mounting components (11) made from shape memory alloy, the properties of which are selected in such a manner that these mounting components no longer hold the various parts of the casing together if the surrounding temperature rises to such a great extend that the ignition temperature of the explosive begins to approach.

Abstract: A method facilitates generating thrust from a gas turbine engine using a pulse detonation system. The method includes introducing fuel and air to the engine, mixing fuel and air in a pulse detonation system deflagration chamber positioned radially outward from an engine exhaust centerbody, and detonating the fuel and air mixture within the pulse detonation system to facilitate increasing the temperature and pressure within the engine and to generate engine thrust.

Abstract: A method for forming a coolant system for a rocket engine combustion chamber is provided. The method comprises the steps of providing a plurality of tubes formed and shaped into the profile of a nozzle with each of the tubes having a constantly expanding cross section in an upper chamber area, providing an inlet manifold and an exit manifold with a plurality of holes for receiving an end of each tube, inserting a brazing preform into each hole, inserting a first end of each tube into the inlet manifold and a second end of each tube into the outlet manifold so that the first end is surrounded by a first brazing preform and the second end is surrounded by a second brazing preform, and brazing the inlet and outlet manifolds to the tubes. The brazing step forms a series of brazed joints between the tubes and the manifolds. The method further includes the steps of forming a layer of coating material on exposed portions of the tubes and forming a single piece jacket construction around the tubes.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for estimating a NOx occlusion amount of a NOx occlusion catalyst interposed in an exhaust passage in an engine, which is constituted such that a NOx occlusion amount is estimated by using a polynomial reflected with NOx occlusion characteristics of a NOx occlusion catalyst and each coefficient of the polynomial is sequentially corrected on the basis of NOx purification rates actually measured.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an oxygen mass flow rate detecting means for detecting or calculating a mass flow rate of oxygen fed to a filter and a regeneration end determining means for determining a regeneration end of the filter in accordance with information provided from the oxygen mass flow rate detecting means and upon arrival of an integrated value of the oxygen mass flow rate at a predetermined value during regeneration of the filter.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an internal combustion engine for low emissions include an inner feedback control loop to control the engine fuel/air ratio with feedback provided by a first exhaust gas sensor and an outer feedback control loop that modifies the fuel/air ratio reference provided to the inner feedback control loop based on feedback signals provided by the first exhaust gas sensor and a second exhaust gas sensor. The fuel/air ratio reference signal controller adapts to the oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst by modeling the catalyst as an integrator with an unknown gain and estimating the catalyst gain based on the first and second exhaust gas sensor signals. Using the estimated catalyst gain, an adaptive controller gain factor is determined and subsequently used to determine the fuel/air ratio reference signal provided to the fuel/air ratio controller of the inner feedback control loop.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an internal combustion engine for low emissions include an inner feedback control loop to control the engine fuel/air ratio with feedback provided by a first exhaust gas sensor and an outer feedback control loop that modifies a reference fuel/air ratio provided to the inner feedback control loop based on feedback signals provided by a second exhaust gas sensor positioned downstream relative to a portion of the catalyst and a third exhaust gas sensor positioned downstream relative to the second exhaust gas sensor. Catalyst gains are determined by modeling the catalyst as an integrator with an unknown gain and estimating the catalyst gain based on the exhaust gas sensors with the gain used to monitor catalyst performance and/or modify the engine fuel/air ratio.

Abstract: A device for purifying the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The device includes a particulate filter arranged in the exhaust system, which carries a catalyst for absorbing and reducing NOx. The catalyst absorbs NOx when the air-fuel ratio in the surrounding atmosphere thereof is lean and releases the absorbed NOx to purify NOx by reduction when the air-fuel ratio is stoichiometric or rich. The device further includes a catalytic apparatus for purifying NOx arranged in the exhaust system upstream of the particulate filter, which has an oxidation function.

Abstract: In regenerating a filter there are performed a first additional fuel injection involving additional injection of fuel into a cylinder after a main fuel injection in an engine to raise the temperature of an oxidation catalyst and a second additional fuel injection involving fuel injection after the first additional fuel injection to supply the oxidation catalyst with the fuel, a second additional fuel injection quantity is set in accordance with an engine speed and an engine load and is changed in accordance with an outlet temperature of the oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: A combustion vessel having a combustion zone; a burnout zone downstream of the combustion zone; an overfire air chamber adjacent the burnout zone, wherein the chamber has an upstream air injector and a downstream air injector, and an agent injector for injecting a selective reducing agent into the burnout zone, wherein the agent injector extends through the downstream air injector.

Abstract: A low emission vehicle operates an internal combustion engine with lean air fuel ratios over at least a portion of its operating load range. The vehicle satisfies EURO IV emission requirements with just a three way catalyst and without any NOX storage capability in the exhaust after treatment system. An electronic control unit is programmed to operate the engine such that 80% or less of any tail pipe NOX mass emitted by the vehicle is generated during lean operation of the engine whereby the vehicle satisfies the EURO IV emission requirements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a drive comprising a hydro machine whose injection volume is changeable, comprising an adjustment device for the changing of the injection volume of the hydro machine, comprising a first control valve which is in communication with the adjustment device and which is connected such that it effects a position of the adjustment device causing a low injection volume in a first position and effects a position of the adjustment device causing—compared with this—a large injection volume in a second position.

Abstract: A hydraulic drive device, comprising a hydraulic motor (10), a rotating body (20) connected to the drive shaft (11) of the hydraulic motor(10), functioning, by itself as a flywheel, and having an internal gear (21) formed on the output side thereof, a rotation transmitting device (1) having a gear mechanism for transmitting the rotating force of the rotating body (20) to an output shaft gear (50) by allowing counter gears (30) to mesh with the internal gear (21) and the outer shaft gear (50) to mesh with the counter gears (30), and an output shaft connected to the output shaft gear (50). whereby, since a variation in rotating speed of the hydraulic motor (10) can be absorbed by the rotation transmitting device (1), the hydraulic motor(10) can be used directly as the drive source of a vehicle such as a car and a truck.

Abstract: This brake hydraulic control actuator increases ability to reserve the leaked brake fluid and degree of freedom for the structural layout in the actuator body.

Abstract: Variable turbocharger apparatus (2) comprising a housing (4), a compressor (6) mounted for rotation in the housing (4), a turbine (8) mounted for rotation in the housing (4), a first inlet (10) for enabling air to be conducted to the compressor, an outlet (12) for enabling air from the compressor to be conducted to an engine, a second inlet (14) for enabling exhaust gases from the engine to be conducted to the turbine (8) in order to rotate the turbine (8), a chamber (16) which surrounds the turbine (8) and which receives the exhaust gases from the second inlet (14) before the exhaust gases are conducted to the turbine (8), and a bearing assembly (18) for permitting the rotation of the turbine (8), the variable turbocharger apparatus (2) comprising fixed vanes (22) which are mounted in the chamber (16) and which are for accurately directing exhaust gases on to the turbine (8), a piston (24) which is slidable and which is positioned between the vanes and the turbine (8), and control means (26) which is connect

Abstract: A rotary valve (1) particularly suitable for use in a turbocharger for an internal-combustion engine, the rotary valve provided between a turbocharger inlet port (10) and at least first and second scroll passages (13, 14), the rotary valve rotatable between (a) a position at which at least one scroll passage is blocked and a bypass outlet is blocked, (b) a position at which no scroll passage is blocked and the bypass outlet is blocked, and (c) a position at which no scroll passage is blocked and the bypass outlet is not blocked. The control valve is rotatable about a central axis, includes a disk-shaped base (2) and a control surface (4) provided upon said base, the control surface preferably being generally wedge shaped, and the disk optionally having an aperture (7) for communication with the bypass outlet. The rotary valve is preferably mounted on both sides via a shaft (112a, 112b) extending through the axis of rotation.

Abstract: A turbocharger is provided having a wastegate valve and a first volute for conducting the primary turbine discharge flow stream. The first volute includes a discharge duct causing the primary turbine discharge flow stream to flow in a generally circular pattern as it is exhausted. A secondary volute is provided for conducting wastegate gases, the secondary volute having vanes causing the wastegate gases to flow in a generally circular pattern, matching the pattern of the primary turbine discharge flow stream. When the wastegate gas flow stream combines with the primary turbine discharge flow stream, the flow streams are moving in generally parallel circular pathways so that, when they combine, little or no turbulence is caused, thereby increasing the efficiency of the turbocharger. Increased efficiency translates into fuel economy and power and also improves the flow distribution of exhaust gases to the catalytic converter.

Abstract: The turbocharged engine in accordance with the present invention comprises an EGR unit having an EGR passage linking an intake passage and an exhaust passage and an EGR valve provided in the EGR passage. The engine further comprises deceleration deciding unit for deciding as to whether a vehicle decelerates, and intake air release unit for opening the EGR valve and causing part of the intake air present in the intake passage to flow into the exhaust passage through the EGR passage when the deceleration deciding unit decides that the vehicle is decelerating.

Abstract: Systems and methods capable of producing electrical power from solar energy through the use of air cycles without fossil fuel combustion. The system includes a solar receiver, a generator, a compressor, and an expander. The expander is coupled to the generator to drive the generator and coupled to the compressor to drive the compressor. The system uses solar generated heat from the solar receiver to heat compressed air from the compressor. The solar generated heat can be directly transferred from the solar receiver to the compressed air as the compressed air flows through receiver tubes of the solar receiver, or the solar receiver can transfer the solar generated heat to a liquid metal, with the liquid metal transferring thermal energy to the compressed air. The expander receives and expands the heated compressed air to drive the generator to produce electricity, and to drive the compressor to compress air.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for power generation in a process for producing hydrocarbons by catalytic conversion of synthesis gas, involving:

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optimizing a large-scale industrial facility, especially a power plant, consisting of m subassemblies (BGj), wherein j=1(1)m) and wherein the following steps are successively carried out: comparing the parameters (KGj) of all subassemblies (BG1 to BGj) with predetermined reference values (RWj); detecting the subassemblies (Bgi) with i=1(1)m, whose parameters (KG1) are worse than the reference values (RWi) and optimizing the subassemblies (BG1) whose parameters (KGi) are worse than the reference values (RW1).

Abstract: A diffuser arrangement is provided in which a wall surface of the diffuser arrangement incorporates an upstream part and a downstream part with an aperture between them. There is a step displacement between the upstream part and the downstream part along with specific shaping of the leading edge of the aperture whereby fluid air flow is drawn into the aperture from a fluid flow whilst avoiding undue disturbance to that flow. The present diffuser arrangement allows incorporation within an engine without complex fabrication or structural requirements.

Abstract: A method for operating a gas turbine engine including a compressor, combustor, and turbine is provided that includes channeling compressed airflow from the compressor to a heat exchanger having a working fluid circulating within, channeling the working fluid from the heat exchanger to a chiller, extracting energy from the working fluid to power the chiller, and directing airflow entering the gas turbine engine through the inlet chiller such that the temperature of the airflow is reduced prior to the airflow entering the compressor.

Abstract: A method according to the invention or a corresponding device (1) provides for dividing exhaust gas (9) exiting the gas turbine into a first (11) and a second partial stream (13), for mixing the first partial stream (11) with combustion air (15), and for channeling the resulting mixture (17) to the combustion chamber (5) and the second partial stream (13) to a carbon dioxide precipitation plant (21).

Abstract: The invention relates in general to methods of controlled mixing one fluid with another. In particular it relates to a distributed direct fluid contactor including arrays of streamlined perforated tubes distributed across a flow to efficiently contact and mix one or more fluids flowing through one or more tubes with a second fluid flowing across those tubes. These distributed contactors thereby mix the fluids in a substantially uniform fashion causing a prescribed uniformity or variation in the ratio of the first to second fluid across the space. This thereby to generally creates and controls the physical and/or chemical changes in those fluids, including evaporation, condensation, forming powders and conducting chemical reactions including combustion.

Abstract: A cooling device has a cooling area with a predefined periphery, and a cooling circuit surrounding the cooling area. The cooling circuit includes a medium and a plurality of N conductors in parallel alignment and located within the medium, the medium being a plurality of N+1 segments, with each segment being separated from other segments by a member of the plurality of conductors.

Abstract: There is provided a heating medium circulating apparatus which is small and which does not require a very large installation space. In a heating medium circulating apparatus wherein a temperature controlling object being an object to be temperature-controlled, a main heat exchanger 88 for carrying out main heat exchange with a heating medium, and a circulating pump 84 are provided in a heating medium circulating system 78, a sub-heat exchanger 96 using a thermoelectric element 100 is provided in the heating medium circulating system downstream of the main heat exchanger to control the temperature of the heating medium. Thus, the apparatus itself is small, and the installation space is not very large.

Abstract: A compressor having a housing with a compression mechanism mounted therein. A suction fluid passageway is located in the housing through which the compression mechanism receives refrigerant fluid. A thermoelectric device is in thermal communication with refrigerant fluid substantially at suction pressure in the suction fluid passageway. The thermoelectric device receives thermal energy from the suction fluid passageway and refrigerant fluid therein with the thermal energy being transferred from the compressor assembly.