Abstract: An apparatus and a method for removing a coating film capable of stable treatment for removing unnecessary coating film at a substrate edge are provided. A substrate is clamped by approach stages from front and rear directions on a chuck, and fixed when accurate registration thereof is achieved. Then, the substrate edge is moved back and forth together with the chuck and the approach stage, so that the edge of the substrate is introduced in a space between an upper piece and a lower piece of a fixed arm portion. While the substrate is being moved, a solvent is fed from a nozzle portion onto a surface thereof and a purge gas is fed through a purge gas feeding pipe, so as to remove the coating film from the surface of the substrate by sucking and discharging the solvent and dissolved coating film through a discharge pipe.

Abstract: Semiconductor manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method of a semiconductor device capable of applying the single-wafer processing to the wet etching of a silicon nitride film are provided. Each one wafer is held by wafer holding means and etching solution is supplied to a deposited film of the wafer by etching solution supply means. The supplied etching solution is irradiated with electromagnetic wave by electromagnetic wave heating means so as to heat the etching solution to a high temperature and then the deposited film is wet-etched at a high etching rate. The wet etching with the process time appropriate for the single-wafer processing can be achieved. The used etching solution is collected by recycle means and is reused in the subsequent etching after adjusting its concentration.

Abstract: The present invention presents an improved apparatus and method for monitoring a material processing system, where the material processing system includes a processing tool, test signal source, and a filter/detector. The test signal source providing a first test signal and a second test signal to the processing chamber, and the filter/detector detecting an intermodulation product of the first test signal and the second test signal generated when a plasma is created.

Abstract: A photomask etch chamber, which includes a substrate support member disposed inside the chamber. The substrate support member is configured to support a photomask substrate. The chamber further includes a ceiling disposed on the chamber and an endpoint detection system configured to detect a peripheral region of the photomask substrate.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a brush drive mechanism which brings a brush being rotating closer to a substrate, measures electrical potentials generated on a plurality of conductor patterns formed on the substrate, by a contact and separation with/from tips of scrub materials of the brush being rotating, and controls a positioning of the brush by use of the measurement results. With the process as described above, it is possible to treat uniformly a surface to-be-cleaned for a large-sized substrate, with the cleaning brush. Consequently, it is possible to form a highly qualified transistor for liquid crystal display on the substrate having been cleaned, with enhancing yield.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing shaped articles from a web material is disclosed. The apparatus generally includes a rotary cutting roller, preferably including indicia on an end surface, and an anvil roller operating in cooperating rotational movement with the rotary cutting roller. The apparatus die cuts web material into predetermined shapes. The apparatus further includes at least one sensor for detecting rotational movement of the rotary cutting die by way of the indicia on the end surface of the rotary cutting roller. The information from the at least one sensor and an encoder is processed and translated to drive means to thereby corrects variation in web alignment relative to the rotary cutting roller. The adjustment of the rotary cutting roller of the present invention allows the rotary cutting roller to cut within a high degree of accuracy and precision.

Abstract: A food labeling device for printing the current time and date or a future expiration date on adhesive labels carried on a backing strip. The labels are attached to non-refrigerated, refrigerated, and frozen foods to track freshness. The labeling device includes a housing which magnetically mounts to the door of a refrigerator/freezer in which a roll of the labels carried on the backing strip. A controller within the housing tracks the time/date information. A pair of set switches are provided for allowing a user to set the time/date information. A liquid crystal display mounted to the housing displays the time/date information for the user to view. Pushing an actuator switch initiates label printing by a printing head to imprint the time/date information on the labels passing thereby advanced in coordinated manner by a motor and gear arrangement connected to a platen closely adjacent the print head. The label strip passes outwardly from the housing through a label outlet slot.

Abstract: A carcass ply producing apparatus for producing a carcass ply constituting a carcass layer of a tire includes a supply head for supplying one or a plurality of ply cords, a head driving mechanism for reciprocating the supply head along a widthwise direction of the carcass ply, a sticking body having a sticking surface to which the ply cord supplied by the supply head is stuck, a sticking body driving mechanism for moving the sticking surface of the sticking body along a longitudinal direction of the carcass ply, and a moving amount controlling mechanism capable of controlling a moving amount of the sticking surface with respect to a moving amount of the supply head. When the ply cord is supplied along the widthwise direction of the carcass ply, a disposition angle of the ply cord with respect to the longitudinal direction can be changed.

Abstract: A device for moistening an envelope flap includes a reservoir for holding a moistening fluid and an applicator mounted above the reservoir for applying the moistening fluid to the envelope flap. The moistening device also includes a fluid transfer member that is mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis to transfer moistening fluid from the reservoir to the applicator while the transfer member rotates.

Abstract: In order to achieve, in a device for welding of a foil tube comprising two welding jaws, which can be moved against one another and clamp the foil tube between one another, a relatively low building height of the device and a high welding force, it is suggested that a gearing has four rods, of which two inner rods are pivotally fastened through a stationary joint, and two outer rods are each connected through one joint to an inner rod and a further joint to a jaw carrier, and that a movable part of a linear drive is connected to the inner rods through a connecting member in order to pivot the inner rods and thus the jaw carriers away from one another or toward one another during a movement of the movable part along its active line.

Abstract: The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the aforementioned prior art devices and meets the afore-mentioned needs by providing an apparatus and method for accurately sealing a multi-purpose reclosable zipper strip to a web of flexible film in an airtight manner. Moreover, the inventive apparatus and method is capable of repeatedly performing the steps necessary to seal the multi-purpose reclosable zipper strip to the web of flexible film with high manufacturing throughout and low cycle times. Generally, the apparatus and method utilize the multi-purpose reclosable zipper strip having airtight splotch seals fused in a series along desired lengths of the zipper tape. The multi-purpose reclosable zipper strip is dispensed through a feeding mechanism and, when an optical sensor detects one of the splotch seal portions of the multi-purpose reclosable zipper strip, a desired length of multi-purpose reclosable zipper strip is advanced over an elevator platform.

Abstract: A system used for applying labels, such as heat-transfer labels, to articles, includes an article conveyor adapted for intermittent motion. The system also includes a plurality of decorating stations located proximate to the article conveyor. Each of the plurality of decorating stations includes a transfer roll. Each one of the plurality of transfer rolls is associated with one of a plurality of webs. These webs carry labels, such as heat-transfer labels, to be applied from the transfer rolls to articles being carried along the article conveyor during operation of the apparatus. The intermittent motion of the conveyor includes a moving period and a stopping period.

Abstract: A method of applying adhesive to major and minor flaps of a container in a siftproof adhesive pattern. A pair of adhesive dispensing guns are moved with respect to the flaps of the container as the container is conveyed past the guns. Electric actuators, such as linear modules or rotatable servo modules, are used to rapidly accelerate the guns in a direction perpendicular to the path of the container along a conveyor. In this manner, rapid packaging takes place and reliable siftproof patterns are achieved using minimal adhesive.

Abstract: An apparatus for laminating at least two sheets of material includes a supply station at which rolls of the sheet material are rotatably supported, a laminating station in which the materials are laminated together with heat and compression and a take-up station where the laminate is accumulated on a take-up roll. The laminating station includes upper and lower sections of a pressure box between which upper and lower endless drive belts pass which entrap the laminate materials therebetween and transfer the materials through the lamination station. Heating and cooling sections of the pressure box are provided with floating heating and cooling bars and a single underlying heating plate and a single underlying cooling plate.

Abstract: A wheel is positioned at an initial position by partially fitting a tire, from above, to the wheel in a slanting direction. From state where the wheel is positioned at the initial position, an expander, which expand paired bead portions of the tire in a radial direction of the wheel, is turned around the rotational axis of the wheel. In the initial position, the tire is positioned with respect to the wheel while an accessory does not overlap a lower portion of a lower bead portion that is provided at a lower position from among the paired bead portions in the initial position, the lower portion being provided below an upper rim flange portion that is provided at an upper position from among the paired rim flange portions, and the lower portion already being fitted to the wheel.

Abstract: Self-centering unit for tire removal machines, comprising a plate provided with a series of angularly equidistant radial slots, in each of which a clamping jaw is received and slides to grip the edge of a wheel rim, said clamping jaws being linked together in such a manner as to be always equidistant from the axis of said plate, at least one clamping jaw being associated with actuator means causing it to translate in a radial direction by means of a positioner device arranged to vary the working position of said clamping jaws relative to the actuator means, without modifying their travel stroke.

Abstract: A shutter system for covering a wall opening includes a mounting assembly and a retractable/deployable barrier assembly. The mounting assembly includes at least one pair of guide tracks that are mountable on opposing sides of the opening. Each guide track includes inner surfaces that define a guide channel. Two of the inner surfaces oppose one another and at least one of such surfaces includes a protruding member that extends into the guide channel and angles away from an open end thereof. The barrier assembly includes a series of interlocking slats, some or all of which define angled recesses constructed to accommodate unobstructed passage of the slats in the guide channel during deployment and retraction. The recesses in the slats are further constructed to enable the slats to engage the protruding members of the guide tracks in the event that the slats are deflected due to exertion of a displacement force.

Abstract: An embedded type motorized blind device. A power supply section has a motor. A power transmitting section has a worm gear coupled to the shaft of the power supply section, a worm wheel positioned on and meshed with the worm gear, a planetary gear formed on a side surface of the worm wheel, and a quadrangular shaft formed integrally with a front end of the worm gear. A control section has an internal sun gear meshed with the planetary gear, a pair of swing arms securely locked to a center shaft fastened to a bottom wall of the internal sun gear, and a pair of limit switches operated by lower ends of the swing arms to control raising and lowering of a blind. An operating section has raising and lowering drums connected one with another, and tilt adjustment parts respectively placed on the raising and lowering drums.

Abstract: The invention relates to a shutter device intended to close a bay (11) or other opening and able to experience a downwards and upwards movement, the shutter (1) having flexible lateral edges (5, 6) projecting with respect to the plane of the shutter (1) and roughly continuous running in guideways (7, 8) mounted on a fixed support (9), means being provided, at least in the region of the lower part of the bay (11) or the said other opening, for allowing the projecting lateral edges (5, 6) to disengage from their guideways (7, 8) as soon as a certain tensile force transverse to the longitudinal direction of the guideways (7, 8) is exerted on these edges (5, 6), reintroduction means being provided so as to allow the lateral edges (5, 6) to engage once again in the upper part of the guideways (7, 8) during the upwards movement of the shutter (1), this device being characterized in that the said reintroduction means comprise guide members (20) provided facing the guideways (7, 8) so as to divert the edges (5, 6) of

Abstract: Assembly composed of a number of devices for rolling up/rolling down shading. On a side higher up, said shading is immovably fastened to a frame and is wound onto or unwound from a tube from the bottom. Rotation of the tube is achieved by means of a transmission device that can be slid along a vertical shaft. Said vertical shaft is also the drive shaft. The transmission device is provided with clutches, so that on reaching the end positions when the drive shaft slips the transmission device can be brought to a standstill.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to triacylglycerol oligomer products and triacylglycerol-derived products and methods of making, using and producing same.

Abstract: Methods for conveying, mixing, leveling, and flaking dewatered pulp to produce pulp flakes suitable to be used in a dryer. Methods for producing a consistent flow rate of pulp, and, for producing uniform pulp flakes in terms of pulp flake size and pulp flake moisture content. A method includes introducing a dewatered pulp to a rotating shaftless screw conveyor. The pulp is deposited from the screw conveyor onto a moving belt conveyor through a chute. The pulp is leveled with a rotary doctor located above the belt conveyor to produce a substantially even rate of mass flow of pulp along a length of belt conveyor. Uniform and consistent quantities of pulp per unit time can then be fed from the belt conveyor to a pulp flaker that then translates into an even rate of pulp mass flow to the dryer.

Abstract: Methods of treating lignocellulosic pulp with cavitation are disclosed. The methods include delignifying pulp contained in a slurry in the presence of cavitation. Delignification can be done by mixing the pulp slurry with an oxidizing agent in a cavitation zone.

Abstract: Methods for conveying, mixing, leveling, and flaking dewatered pulp to produce pulp flakes suitable to be used in a dryer. Methods for producing a consistent flow rate of pulp, and, for producing uniform pulp flakes in terms of pulp flake size and pulp flake moisture content. A method includes introducing a dewatered pulp to a rotating shaftless screw conveyor. The pulp is deposited from the screw conveyor onto a moving belt conveyor through a chute. The pulp is leveled with a rotary doctor located above the belt conveyor to produce a substantially even rate of mass flow of pulp along a length of belt conveyor. Uniform and consistent quantities of pulp per unit time can then be fed from the belt conveyor to a pulp flaker that then translates into an even rate of pulp mass flow to the dryer.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a process of modifying a seed based fiber (SBF) to form an enhanced fiber additive (EFA). The process includes an acid treatment step and optionally at least one fiber modification step. Preferred EFA products and uses are described.

Abstract: Papermaking fabrics, particularly those fabrics useful for making tissue and towel products, can be modified to alter their structure, such as surface texture, and re-used to make a different product. The fabrics can be modified after removal from the paper machine or while on the paper machine, including while the machine is running, so that down time between making different products can be eliminated or greatly reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to absorbent tissue-towel paper products comprising one essentially continuous ply of fibrous structure having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the product has an HFS absorbency greater than 8 g/g and the first surface exhibits an embossment height of at least 650 ?m and the second surface exhibits an embossment height of at least about 650 ?m.

Abstract: In manufacture of the paper container from the packaging materials, the damage of internal layer of packaging materials is promptly inspected, and degradation by light exposure of content can be prevented. Method of manufacturing light barrier paper packaging materials for liquid food formed from a laminate having a paper layer, a thermoplastic resin outside layer and a thermoplastic resin inside layer comprising a step of preparing substantially complete bleached white bleached paper layer of weight of 50-350 g/m2, a step of providing light barrier layer of light barrier material in the inside of the bleach paper layer before or during the lamination of the inside thermoplastic resin layer, a step of inspecting defect of the obtained laminate by observation of the visible or invisible inside-surface of the bleach layer from the inside thermoplastic resin layer side of the obtained laminate through the light barrier layer.

Abstract: An injection-molding machine includes various devices for increasing production efficiency and protecting the mold from closing on molded articles. A method for increasing production efficiency and protecting the mold from closing on articles, or portions thereof, is disclosed. This detection system and method determines if a molded article, or portion thereof, remains in the mold after the first ejection sequence has occurred. This condition is determined by the article-detection controller which enables the molding machine controller to perform the next molding cycle if the said molded article, or portion thereof, is not detected in said mold. The article-detection controller enables the molding machine controller to perform an additional ejection sequence on the mold ejector system if said molded article, or portion thereof, is detected in said mold.

Abstract: A method for the production of ingots, hollow or made of a plurality of metallic materials, of a first metallic material which includes the following phases: casting a first metallic material in liquid state into an ingot mould provided with a heat insulated bottom; allowing the aforesaid first metallic material to solidify only partially to obtain, in the centre of the ingot mould, a substantially cylindrical zone of said first material still in liquid state; discharge said substantially cylindrical zone of said first material still in liquid state, to form a substantially cylindrical cavity in the ingot. Subsequent cooling of the already solidified metallic material remaining in the ingot mould makes it possible to obtain an ingot equipped with a cylindrical through cavity perfectly coaxial to the ingot obtained.

Abstract: A process for the injection of an electric motor rotor, said rotor comprising: a lamination stack (10) having a central axial bore (11) and a plurality of axial channels (12); and a cage (30) of aluminum, which is formed by an upper end ring (31) and a lower end ring (32), which are interconnected by a plurality of bars (33) molten in the axial channels (12).

Abstract: A method and product for semi-solid metal casting without the need for retrofitting of conventional casting equipment is provided. A semi solid method is used with a vertical indexing casting machine in which an indexing time can be used as the time to allow the metal that is heated to one temperature to cool to a second temperature before casting. The resulting product from the semi-solid metal casting method with the vertical indexing casting machine is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for enhanced gravity casting wherein a portion of the mold is maintained in pressure contact with molten metal as it solidifies to allow the mold surface to follow the contraction of the solidifying metal. A further feature of the invention is the use of an air clearance between mold parts that is sufficient to allow air to escape but insufficient to allow molten metal to flow therepast.

Abstract: A slab handling apparatus comprising a foundation structure, a plurality of longitudinally spaced buffer members positioned on the foundation structure, and a plurality of longitudinally spaced roller assemblies connected to the respective buffer members with a lost motion connection. The lost motion connections allow relative movement between the buffer members and the roller assemblies between a slab loading position in which the buffer members are supported on the foundation structure with upper edges thereof above the roller assemblies, whereby to allow the loading of a slab onto the upper edges without damage to the roller assemblies, and a slab slitting position in which the roller assemblies are above the upper edges of the buffer members, whereby to allow the roller assemblies to rollably support the slab to facilitate selective longitudinal adjustment of the slab to accommodate the slab slitting operation.

Abstract: To achieve the highest possible separation rate for foreign particles in a tundish combined, at the same time, with a minimized level of inclusions, the refractory-lined interior space of the tundish, as a function of an operating bath level (h), satisfies the condition that a dimensionless ratio (?) of the refractory-lined surface area (Aref) to the filling volume (V) which is delimited by this refractory-lined surface area and the bath-level-dependent exposed surface area (ATop) and results from the relationship ? = A ref ( V ) 2 3 be between 3.83 and 4.39.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing cast strands (2) in shapes of billets or ingots wherein the strand (2) is guided between pairs of rollers (4 to n). In their straightening region (A), the strands (2) are formed, with the use of profiled rollers (4 to) with one-sided or multiple-sided projections (h, b) or recesses (?h, b). In the casting direction (10), downstream of the straightening region, the strands are subjected to a soft-reduction with at least one roller pair (7 to 9) with smooth rollers. The invention also relates to a casting machine provided with correspondingly formed rollers.

Abstract: A cleaning system for cleaning tubing using cleaning balls (20) circulated with the fluid through tubing (8). The system includes a separator (12) having a perforated funnel, which permits the fluid, but not the cleaning balls (20), to pass through. A housing (21) having an apertured partition (28) is used to divide the housing (21) into an first compartment (19) and a second compartment (27). An entrance (2) of a fluid supply pipe (23) and an exit (3) of a ball supply pipe (24) are formed for creating a difference in pressure to create a suction force to recirculate the cleaning balls (20) from the housing (21) via the ball supply pipe (24), back to the tubing (8) for cleaning the walls of the tubing (8). An entrance (13) of a ball return pipe (17) and an exit (14) of a fluid return pipe (16) are formed for creating a difference in pressure to create a suction force to recirculate the cleaning balls (20) from the separator (12) via the ball return pipe (17), into the housing (21).

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and means for air drying is provided. The invention provides a refrigerant system to cool a heat exchanger comprising a phase change material. Vaporous fluids, including compressed air and gas, may be cooled using the invention disclosed.

Abstract: A fan penetration fixture consisting of a threaded shaft and a lock nut design. The fixture is designed to take the place of the fan clutch on a fan drive assembly in the vehicle being tested for a desired cooling system performance characteristic at each possible fan penetration. The threaded shaft portion of the fixture bolts to the fan hub. The desired fan is then bolted to the lock nut portion of the fixture. The lock nut can be positioned at any point along the threaded shaft to achieve a desired fan penetration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a means of providing that air flows to the appropriate areas to allow for maximum cooling in such a system, by providing for a means for preventing air bypass around certain cores, such as an evaporator core, in an automotive air conditioning application. The simplified HVAC unit provides, without use of wraps, foam or polyethylene seals and the like, a means for greatly decreasing or preventing air from bypassing the evaporator core which is easy to install and requires less tooling, thereby increasing efficiency while providing for easier assembly and lower odor production by eliminating such wraps, foams or seals and the like.

Abstract: In an air conditioner for a vehicle including a front pillar which is disposed diagonally in front of a passenger and extends slant in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle, there are provided an air conditioning duct disposed along the front pillar, a front-pillar conditioned-air blowoff port which blows off conditioned air toward the passenger from the air conditioning duct, and a louver device to be disposed at the front pillar and deflect the conditioned air within an angle which is smaller than a slant angle of the front pillar, whereby the conditioned air from the louver device can be blown off toward a neck portion and a head portion of the passenger. Thus, efficient air conditioning to a neck portion and its surroundings, which are sensitive to the passenger's air conditioning feeling, can be provided.

Abstract: Disposable towels or wipes having a chamber or ampoule containing a predetermined quantity of a supercooled liquid exotherm compound and a small amount of the compound in the crystal form, such that the crystal and the liquid are separated until time for use. Upon action by the user, such as by bending or otherwise breaking the separation between the crystal and the liquid, an exothermic reaction takes place as the liquid crystallizes, releasing a known amount of heat to cause the towel to warm. Calcium carbonate is the preferred compound. A temperature indicator may also be included as part of the packaging.

Abstract: A heat exchanger, which comprises a plurality of filler metal absorption means formed on both sides of each of porous smoothing tubes provided with both ends bonded to header pipes so as to prevent filler metal from flowing from the header pipes along scratches or die lines formed in the porous smoothing tubes and melting corrugated pins, thereby remarkably reducing failures generated by the melting of the pins, and having an improved external appearance compared to conventional heat exchangers having additional cutoff means.

Abstract: The conductive seat has parallelly arranged strip members in a bottom area of its base sealed therein with liquid, a plurality of flow channels are formed from and on the bottom of the strip members and are mutually spaced; a return area is formed between the top ends of the strip members and the lid; when the bottom of the base contacts with a heat-generating source, the liquid sealed in the base and absorbing the latent heat from the heat-generating source becomes a vapor flow flowing toward the return area to repeatedly circulate and transmit the heat, thereby the heat is rapidly and uniformly transmitted to the heat sink to further increase the effect of heat sinking.

Abstract: A cooling device is constructed to include a heat sink attached to a heat generating device and adapted to absorb heat energy from the heat generating device, and at least one heat pipe mounted in the heat sink, each heat pipe having a condensing side formed at each end and disposed at a relatively lower temperature area at the heat sink and an evaporation side formed at the middle and disposed at a relatively higher temperature area at the heat sink.

Abstract: A cooling module designed so that the following components are stacked above a CPU: a cooling jacket allowing a cooling liquid to absorb heat generated by the CPU, a pump causing the cooling liquid to circulate, a reserve tank used to provide a supplementary cooling liquid and to bleed air from the cooling liquid, and a first radiator that cools the cooling liquid, the cooling module being also designed so that a second radiator is located at a side of the first radiator to cool the cooling liquid, wherein the cooling liquid is driven by the pump so as to circulate from the cooling jacket, which absorbs heat generated by the CPU, through the radiators to the reserve tank.

Abstract: A cooling system for a semiconductor device burn-in test station includes one or more evaporators arranged in close thermal proximity to a semiconductor device. Each evaporator includes a chambered enclosure having a capillary wick disposed on the walls of the enclosure that define the chamber. A condenser is arranged in fluid communication with each chamber, and a pump is arranged in flow communication between each evaporator and the condenser so as to circulate a coolant liquid between a pool of the coolant liquid that is maintained within the chambered enclosure and the condenser.

Abstract: A burn-in testing cooling system including an evaporator comprising an upright tubular body having an interior surface and a central passageway with a wick disposed on the interior surface of the body that defines the central passageway. A base seals off the central passageway, with an inlet port arranged in flow communication with an upper portion of the central passageway and an outlet port arranged in flow communication with a lower portion of the central passageway. A coolant is disposed within the central passageway. A condenser is arranged in flow communication with the evaporator.

Abstract: The invention concerns a heat exchanger with a large number of U-shaped tubes (3), preferably brought together to form at least one tubular bundle and arranged in a housing 2, and several partitions (4) subdividing the housing (2) into separate sections (5). For the formation of a heat exchanger which has a comparatively high efficiency even with increasing operation time, a heat exchanger is proposed in the invention that is characterized by at least one venting tube (6) that preferably extends through all sections (5) of the housing (2) and that has a number of venting holes (15) formed transversely to the longitudinal extension (14) of the tube.

Abstract: An improved heat-radiating fin set formed by combining a heat pipe and several heat-radiating fins can assemble several fins for heat radiation of an electronic component. The improved heat-radiating fin set can be quickly mass-produced in an automatic way to lower the manufacturing and assembly cost without using any solder material for binding. The improved heat-radiating fin set comprises a heat pipe and several fins. A sleeve hole is disposed in each fin. A flange is formed at the edge of each of the sleeve holes. The fins are tightly sleeved with the heat pipe through the sleeve holes with the flanges of the sleeve holes of the fins touching the outer wall of the heat pipe.