Abstract: A camera taking an image in a wide range of a visual field cuts out, an image of a vehicle's rear part of the image picked up by the camera. The camera rotates or inverts the image and adjusts the image in the direction corresponding to a mirror image of a door mirror. The rearward image that can be sensitively, easily and visually recognized by a driver can be provided. A forward image or the sideward image is properly switched as required. When a part of the image picked up by the camera is cut out, images showing the range of the visual field of the cut out image are synthesized and displayed in a display device.

Abstract: Five infrared sensors are located in different height positions between respective main bodies 10A to 10H, and all of these infrared sensors transmit and receive 35 infrared rays pulse-coded in conformity with a start-stop system. In addition, these pulse-coded infrared rays have the signal width of, for example, 450 ?s, and are serially transmitted with a predetermined delay time in a period of 20 ms by a delayed synchronizing-signal. Intrusion surveillance is performed by identifying the pulse codes of these infrared rays. According to this, since not only interference among a plurality of infrared sensors is prevented, but also infrared rays are outputted in a short time, the occurrence of false alarms etc. decreases remarkably.

Abstract: A method for locking communication between at least one wireless input capture device ICD(s) and a corresponding digital input recorder (DIR) and/or another ICD, including the steps of providing base system; at least one user accessing the DIR via user interface either directly or remotely; the DIR and/or ICD searching for signal from the ICD(s) and establishing communication with them; and locking the ICDs to send wireless data exclusively to that DIR and/or ICD; and/or the DIR and/or ICD locking itself for exclusive communication with the locked ICDs, thereby providing a secure surveillance system for a target environment.

Abstract: An improved optical sensor comprising at least one optical camera for collecting intelligence data, a control station associated with at least one of said cameras for detecting activities to be monitored and for selectively activating at least one of said cameras, and a computerized data processing apparatus for substantially reducing data transmission bandwidth requirements by preprocessing at least some of said intelligence data at said camera site before transmission from said surveillance camera to one or more remote control stations.

Abstract: A display system has a device for projecting a light beam and a display. The light beam includes encoded data. The display includes light sources selectively activated according to the encoded data received from the device.

Abstract: With a digital camera 100, a photographed image 31 is displayed on a liquid crystal display and the user selects a desired image and specifies print specifications of the number of print sheets, a print paper size, a print color mode, etc., then print image data is prepared. The prepared print image data is transmitted from the digital camera 100 to a color printer of an output unit. An image is printed at the color printer in accordance with the print image data.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a system and/or method that facilitates encoding a source image associated with a motion vector by employing at least one step image, wherein such step image provides a reduction in the amount of stored video. A step image component determines the maximum step image size and appropriate number of step images to simulate a smooth motion based upon an input component receiving data such as, but not limited to, a motion parameter and a computer environment parameter. Moreover, the step image component can utilize a motion controller component that facilitates the visual perception of smooth video during a zoom motion. Additionally, the step image component can utilize an encoder component providing specialized techniques in encoding with step images.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus and method enabling to correct for camera shake given in image capturing, a recording medium, and a program. Discrete data pieces indicating shifts are obtained. The discrete data pieces are interpolated to obtain data indicating a shift every line. By the interpolation, a correction is calculated every line on the basis of the corresponding shift. On the basis of the corrections, pixel data read positions are determined. Pixel data is read based on the determined read positions. When a pixel to be read overlaps two pixels, pixel data of the pixel to be read is produced (interpolated) from pixel data pieces. In this manner, the effects of camera shake are corrected. The present invention is applicable to video cameras.

Abstract: A system and method for determining movement of an image capture device is disclosed. Briefly described, one embodiment comprises a first dual-axis linear accelerometer residing in the image capture device that senses a first acceleration in a first direction and that senses a first orthogonal acceleration in an orthogonal direction, a second dual-axis linear accelerometer residing in the image capture device that senses a second acceleration in the first direction and that senses a second orthogonal acceleration in the orthogonal direction, a processor that receives information from the first dual-axis linear accelerometer and the second dual-axis linear accelerometer such that the movement of the image capture device is determined.

Abstract: A scanning camera with a rotating drum has one or more sensors characterized by a non-radial optical axis. With two sensors on opposite sides of the drum and facing in substantially the same direction, stereoscopic recording of a panorama is accomplished as the drum rotates. The adjustment of convergence between stereoscopic viewpoints is described that improves the viewing and interpretation of stereoscopic images. Rapid rotation of the scanning camera produces panoramic motion picture recording, with the final frame speed dependent on the sensitivity and speed of the sensor, the resolution desired, and the capabilities of the recording device. The preferred embodiment employs rotating fisheye lenses for a substantially full-sphere field of view. Additional sensors in the same arrangement are used to increase resolution and light sensitivity through multiplexed or additive recording of the image data.

Abstract: In an image signal processor with which a group of control variables, having relevance to one another, stored in registers are activated synchronously with the switching of a picture, when a host sets the control variable group in the registers, mutual coherency is secured even if the setting operation extends beyond a pulse of a vertical synchronous signal (VD). In order to realize this, an operation for setting a control variable group in a register block (20) by the host, and an operation for reflecting the control variable group in a DSP block (22), are separately performed. After setting of the control variable group, the host sets H level in a VLAT register (30). In correspondence with this operation, a control portion (24) updates an output of a latch circuit (36). As a result, the control variable group is activated from the register block (20) to the DSP block (22).

Abstract: The invention aims at separating a background area of an image using a plurality of cameras by utilizing a method of estimating a background in combination with a stereo method. Data on input images, synchronous with one another, which are obtained by photographing images of a subject from different points of sight using at least two cameras is stored in a frame memory. A background area estimation processing unit performs global image superimposition for the input images, synchronous with one another, the data on which is stored in the frame memory on the assumption that a background area is in the distance and has a flat surface. Then, the background area estimation processing unit estimates the background area based on a degree of local similarity. A distance image generation processing unit performs distance measurement with respect to points other than those in the estimated background area by utilizing a stereo method to generate distance images.

Abstract: An image signal generation unit comprises a horizontal pixel number conversion unit (12) for performing the conversion of horizontal direction pixels corresponding to horizontal scanning period of NTSC system, for digital image data of the chrominance difference having the picture element number configuration based on the VGA standard, and a liquid crystal encoder (14) for generating the primary color group digital image data RGB from digital image data YUV processed by the horizontal pixel number conversion unit (12), and output them directly on a liquid crystal display (19).

Abstract: A method for driving a charge-transfer type solid-state image pick-up device, wherein the charge-transfer type solid-state image pick-up device comprises: high sensitivity photoelectric conversion elements for executing photoelectric conversion with relatively high sensitivity; low sensitivity photoelectric conversion elements for executing photoelectric conversion with relatively low sensitivity; and vertical transfer channels for transferring signal charges from said high sensitivity photoelectric conversion elements and said low sensitivity photoelectric conversion elements, the method comprising a charge transfer step of individually reading/transferring first signal charges from said high sensitivity photoelectric conversion elements and second signal charges from said low sensitivity photoelectric conversion elements onto said vertical transfer channels, without executing a high speed charge transfer operation for the vertical transfer channels after exposure of said solid-state image pick-up device.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a solid-state image sensing device configured to change a bias voltage given to the photoelectric converting section at the time of resetting so that an operative condition of the photoelectric converting section after the resetting can be maintained a constant condition regardless of an amount of the incident light. To achieve the object, an MOS transistor T5 is provided. The drain of the MOS transistor T5 is connected with a gate and a drain of an MOS transistor T2 and the source of the MOS transistor T5 configured to be applied a DC voltage VRS. Here, a signal ? V is given, an MOS transistor T4 is turned on, and image data is output. A signal ? RS is given and the MOS transistor T5 is turned on. As a result, a gate voltage Vg of the MOS transistor T2 is maintained as a constant voltage value. Then, a reset operation for pixels is stared.

Abstract: In a solid-state image pickup device, third transfer electrodes are disposed in parallel to vertical transfer registers, and second transfer electrodes are disposed vertically to the vertical transfer registers. These transfer electrodes are also formed on the read-out gate portions to supply a driving voltage for reading out signal charges from photoelectric conversion elements. On the basis of the driving voltage applied to both the third and second transfer electrodes, the read-out of the signal charges to the vertical transfer registers is carried out. At the portion where the read-out of the signal charges is carried out, the transfer electrode at the read-out gate portion side and the sensor area of the photoelectric conversion element are formed so as to be adjacent to each other. At the portion where no read-out of signal charges is carried out, an offset area is provided between the transfer electrode at the read-out gate portion side and the sensor area of the photoelectric conversion element.

Abstract: A camera-equipped mobile terminal has external memory (63) in a camera module. In a digital camera mode, after image data (DP1) has been temporarily buffered in external memory (63), encoder (74) performs a compression-coding processing on the image data from external memory (63) to convert the image data into image data (DP2) in a time-division manner during a vacant time period in which no process are performed in resize processing unit (76) and format transforming unit (77), and stores the image data (DP2) in external memory (63). CPU (53) thereafter captures image data (DP2) from external memory (63) as required. In a mobile camera mode, a power source for external memory (63) is turned off.

Abstract: A method for operating a digital photographing apparatus having a touch screen is provided. The method includes: detecting if a menu button for changing shooting information of a digital photographing apparatus has been pressed by a user; displaying icons on a display panel to illustrate which operating modes are currently set; detecting when a user has touched one of the displayed icons and, in response thereto, displaying menu icons that correspond to the touched icon; and, if a menu icon that is desired to be changed is touched among the displayed menu icons, performing a relevant function to change shooting information. According to the above method, shooting information of the camera can be simply changed by operating only the icons displayed on the touch screen. Thus, a unique camera operating method is provided whereby a user can easily and conveniently change and operate shooting information and images.

Abstract: An image input apparatus which reconfigures a single reconfigured image from a plurality of low-resolution, object reduced images formed in a specified region on the light detecting element by the micro-lens array, wherein a high-resolution, single reconfigured image can be obtained even if the distance between the subject and the micro-lens array is long (infinitely long, for example), and further a reconfigured image can be realized in colors. The image input apparatus is characterized in that the relative distance between a micro-lens (1a) and light detecting cells (3a) in a specified region, where object reduced images corresponding to the micro-lens (1a) are formed, is different in each micro-lenses (1a). In addition, the light detecting cells (3a) are divided into a plurality of regions, and color filters (primary color filter, or complementary color filter, for example) are disposed in each of the divided regions.

Abstract: A data card reader for optically reading data from a card includes a reader unit and a card transport assembly. The reader unit includes an elongated piece of transparent material formed with a longitudinal emit lens that is disposed to focus light from internal LEDs onto the data card. A series of light sensors are disposed along the transparent material beneath an array of corresponding reflected light lenses that serve to focus light reflected from a card onto the light sensors in use. In one embodiment the light sensors comprise a CCD array.

Abstract: Disclosed are a mobile communication terminal equipped with a digital image capturing module and a method of capturing a digital image. The mobile communication terminal includes: a camera module for acquiring digital image data; a storage unit for storing the acquired digital image data; a display unit for displaying the acquired digital image data; and a control module for calculating mean luminance values of frames acquired during a predetermined time, calculating an image's luminance value by averaging the mean luminance values of all the frames except frames having significantly high deviations in mean luminance, and transmitting to the camera module a control instruction for controlling an exposure time based on the image's luminance value at regular intervals.

Abstract: This invention discloses an optical apparatus including an image pickup optical unit, a light quantity adjustment unit inserted in the optical axis of the image pickup optical unit, the light quantity adjustment unit changing the aperture diameter to change the light quantity, and a controller for controlling a change of the aperture diameter by the light quantity adjustment unit. The controller changes the set value for the minimum aperture diameter of the aperture diameter of the light quantity adjustment unit in accordance with the form of the image pickup device of the image pickup apparatus on which the lens apparatus is mounted.

Abstract: An image-capturing device comprises a lens, flash and viewfinder attached along a central axis of symmetry to the top of a grip having recessed shutter triggers on opposing sides and rear thumb controlled means for adjusting the focus of the lens, powering and controlling the performance of the device. The center of gravity of the image capturing device is coincident with or proximate the grip. A detachable grip for use with a portable photographic device is also described. The detachable grip may be used with interchangeable lens components.

Abstract: The display device has a cathode ray tube (T), which has an electron gun (G) for generating an electron beam and an outer conductive layer (AD). A video processing circuitry (VP) provides a video signal (Vo) having a black level (BLR, BLG, BLB) to a video amplifier (VA) for modulating the electron beam. The video processing circuitry (VP) has black level controlling circuitry (BL) for controlling the black level (BLR, BLG, BLB) of the video signal (Vo). A sensing circuit (S) senses a black current level of the electron beam corresponding to the black level of the video signal (Vo) and feeds back information about the black current level to the black level controlling circuitry (BL) for stabilizing the black current level. The sensing circuit (S) is coupled to a node (X) to which the outer conductive layer (AD) and one of the output terminals of a high-tension generator (H) are coupled.

Abstract: An image processing device and method to select a field to use in interpolation, if an input image is a film image. The image processing device includes a field selector to select a field to use to interpolate a current field based on difference values in field data among first, second, and third fields being consecutively input in an input image, the field to use to interpolate the current image being one of the first and the third fields and the current field being the second field, a film detector to generate a pattern based on the difference values in the field data between the first, second, and third fields and to determine whether the input image is a film image based on the generated pattern, and an interpolator to interpolate the second field using the one of the first and third field selected by the field selector if the film detector determines the input image to be a film image.

Abstract: Herein described is a system and method of detecting 2:2 and/or 3:2 pull-down video. In addition, aspects of the present invention provide a system and method to identify and lock onto a field phase of a received 2:2 or 3:2 pull-down video signal. The system for detecting a field phase in 2:2 pull-down video comprises a first circuitry that computes unexpected motion values, a second circuitry that implements an alternating straight through or crossover function, a third circuitry that performs processing and generates one or more control signals, a pair of counters, and a phase selection circuitry. The method comprises computing luminance approximations of pixels associated with an output video frame, computing one or more first differences, and computing a second difference for each absent pixel of the output video frame based on one of five field phases.

Abstract: Herein described are at least a system and a method of more effectively detecting and correcting irregularities when performing an inverse telecine deinterlacing of pull-down video. These irregularities may be caused by editing of the video, which when left undetected, may result in displaying video of unacceptable quality. In a representative embodiment, the method determines a first pixel luminance of an absent pixel using a luminance generated from one or more first present pixels, determines a second pixel luminance of the absent pixel using a luminance generated from one or more second present pixels, and determines a first luminance approximation for the absent pixel. In a representative embodiment, the system comprises a memory, a software resident in the memory, and a processor used to execute the software, such that executing the software performs the inverse telecine deinterlacing to result in an improve displayed video image quality.

Abstract: A system and method that detect edges that are near horizontal thin lines in interlaced video in a deinterlacer. The system may detect edges in a video image and determine whether the edges are diagonal or nearly horizontal edges. Based on the determination the system may select a filter appropriate for filtering the edge. The system may utilize a control signal that may be low or high, and may according disable or enable filtering nearly horizontal edges, respectively.

Abstract: A display apparatus displaying an image, the display apparatus including a video signal receiver receiving a video signal comprising a sync signal, a sync delaying buffer delaying the sync signal from the video signal receiver at a predetermined interval, a logic calculator outputting a corrected sync signal by logically calculating the sync signal from the video signal receiver and the sync signal delayed by the sync delaying buffer at the predetermined interval, and a start point generator generating a sync start point on the basis of the corrected sync signal output from the logic calculator.

Abstract: A video signal processing circuit is supplied with an analog composite video signal formed by combining at least a luminance signal with a sync signal, and processes the analog composite video signal. The video signal processing circuit has an analog filter which removes high-frequency components from the analog composite video signal, a sync separation circuit which separates a sync signal from an output signal from the analog filter, an AD converter which performs AD conversion on the analog composite video signal, and a digital video signal processing circuit which performs predetermined video signal processing on the composite video signal digitized by the AD converter, by using the sync signal obtained by the sync separation circuit.

Abstract: The image synthesis apparatus 10 includes an anti-aliasing processing circuit 11 for generating a foreground image having a reduced aliasing by blending the color information and blending the alpha information for each dot of the input foreground image, and an image synthesizing circuit 15 for synthesizing the color information of the foreground image having the reduced aliasing and the color information of the background image, using the alpha information of the foreground image having the reduced aliasing.

Abstract: A video output apparatus and a method thereof, which can repeatedly output the last normally displayed frame during re-configuration of a display device, are disclosed. The video output apparatus receives a first and a second frames in order via an input, and determines either to output the first and second frames orderly or to output the first frame repeatedly according to a control signal.

Abstract: A control circuit of an image display apparatus controls an output of video signals so that a non-display period TC set between an end of display of images corresponding to a first input video signal for one vertical scan and a start of display of an image corresponding to a second input video signal for the next one vertical scan can satisfy a relationship: TC>(TA?TB)/N, where TA denotes a period between the start of the display of the images corresponding to the first input video signal and the start of the display of the image corresponding to the second input video signal, TB denotes a sum of display periods for the respective images corresponding to the first input video signal, and N denotes the number of the images corresponding to said first input video signal.

Abstract: In an image display apparatus, a video signal is divided for each field into a plurality of sub-fields, each of which is weighted according to the duration of time or number of pulses. The plurality of sub-fields are temporally superimposed for display, so that a grayscale representation is provided. A video signal for the current field is delayed by one field, and output as a video signal for the previous field. Based on the video signal for the current field and the video signal for the previous field, a luminance gradient of an image is detected. A difference between the video signal for the current field and the video signal for the previous field is calculated. Based on the calculated difference and the detected gradient, the amount of motion of the image is calculated by a detecting circuit. Based on the calculated amount of motion of the image, dynamic false contours are reduced by an image data processing circuit.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a polarizing plate and a compensating plate. A first conductive layer is formed on the first substrate. The second substrate is formed so as to face the first substrate and has a second conductive layer facing the first conductive layer at a certain interval. The polarizing plate having a heat shrinkage ratio larger than that of the first substrate is laminated on a side, which is opposite to the second substrate, at the first substrate. The compensating plate having substantially an identical heat shrinkage ratio with that of the first substrate is laminated on a side, which is opposite to the first substrate, at the polarizing plate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device, suitable for a vehicle is disclosed. The LCD device comprises a chassis comprising a display; a plurality of control buttons, disposed on one side surface of the chassis; and a receiving space, for receiving a media player, comprising a connecting port on another side of the chassis for electrically connecting with a connector of the media player so that the LCD is capable of receiving and electrically connecting with different media players and play data stored therein without any extra space occupation.

Abstract: An EL element (33) is provided on a first substrate (1) to make it possible to perform both light emission display according to the EL element (33) and reflective display according to a liquid crystal display element. An EL control switching element (17) and a liquid crystal layer switching element (18) are provided on a face of the first substrate (1) positioned on the side of a liquid crystal layer (51). The EL control switching element (17) is connected to an anode electrode (21) or a cathode electrode (24) constituting the EL element (33).

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel is provided, which includes: an insulating substrate; a gate line formed on the substrate and including a gate electrode; a gate insulating layer formed on the gate line; a semiconductor layer formed on the gate insulating layer opposite the gate electrode; a data line formed on the gate insulating layer and including a first source electrode located on the semiconductor layer; first and second drain electrodes formed on the semiconductor layer, separated from each other and overlapping the gate electrode; a passivation layer formed on the data line and the first and the second drain electrodes; and first and second pixel electrodes electrically connected to the first and the second drain electrodes, respectively, wherein an overlapping area between the gate electrode and the first drain electrode is different from an overlapping area between the gate electrode and the second drain electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display with improved viewing angle and uncompromised transmittance is provided, along with a thin film transistor (TFT) array panel usable for such liquid crystal display. The TFT array panel includes a substrate, a plurality of gate lines formed on the substrate, a plurality of data lines formed on the substrate and intersecting the gate lines, and a plurality of thin film transistors. Each of the thin film transistors includes a gate electrode connected to one of the gate lines, a source electrode connected to one of the data lines, and a drain electrode. The TFT array panel also includes a plurality of pixel electrodes, each of the pixel electrodes connected to one of the drain electrodes and having a pair of oblique edges parallel to each other, and covering at least a portion of the drain electrodes.

Abstract: In a flat panel display device, a display panel for displaying an image is disposed on a mold frame and supported by a metal clip coupled to the mold frame. The metal clip includes a first coupling portion coupled to an upper surface of the mold frame, a second coupling portion coupled to a lower surface of the mold frame, a connecting portion for connecting the first and second coupling portions and a guiding portion upwardly extended from the connecting portion so as to guide and support the display panel. Accordingly, the flat panel display device can have a reduced size and an enhanced assemblability.

Abstract: A backlight assembly includes a bottom chassis, a planar fluorescent lamp, a mold and an inverter. The bottom chassis includes a bottom portion and a side portion. The planar fluorescent lamp generates planar-light. The bottom chassis receives the planar fluorescent lamp. The mold fixes the planar fluorescent lamp such that a gap is generated between a portion of the mold and the planar fluorescent lamp to absorb impact between the mold and the planar fluorescent lamp. The inverter generates discharge voltages to drive the planar fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display device preventing the quality of display from being deteriorated and preventing malfunctions caused by foreign particles. The display device of the present invention includes two or more panel units and a fixing member exposing at least one panel among the panel units to the outside. The circumference of an opening of the fixing member is sealed.

Abstract: An electroluminescent compound is a organometallic complex in which the metal is titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium or tantulum.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display of OCB mode or VA mode comprises a backlight unit, a backlight-side polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell of OCB mode or VA mode, and a viewer-side polarizing plate in order. The viewer-side polarizing plate comprises a first transparent protective film, a polarizing membrane, a second transparent protective film and a light-diffusing layer in order. In the liquid crystal display of OCB mode, an optically anisotropic layer is formed from liquid crystal compound on the first transparent protective film. The first transparent protective film is a cellulose acetate film having a Re retardation value of 20 to 70 nm and a Rth retardation value of 100 to 500 nm. The light-diffusing layer comprises transparent resin and transparent fine particles dispersed therein. The transparent resin and the transparent fine particles have refractive indices that are different from each other.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to acquire uniform color purity within a pixel to make a good color reproduction and to easily manufacture it with few constraints. A color filter for coloring a first light ray L1 having a unidirectional optical path and a second light ray L2 having a bidirectional optical path for each pixel (10). The color filter comprises: a first coloring portion 10t for coloring the first light ray L1 and a second coloring portion L2 for coloring the second light ray L2, the first coloring portion 10t having a greater thickness than the second coloring portion 10r, the first coloring portion 10t being formed in subsidence with respect to the second coloring portion 10r with a principal plane of the first coloring portion 10t being different in height from a principal plane of the second coloring portion 10r by a predetermined value D.

Abstract: An LCD device includes therein a splay-oriented LC layer, first and second substrates sandwiching therebetween the LC layer, and an optical compensation film for reducing leakage light upon display of a black color. The optical compensation film has three optical elastic axes including a fast axis coinciding the Y-axis, a slow axis rotated from the X-axis by a positive rotational angle ?1, and another axis rotated from the Z-axis by the positive rotational angle ?1. The positive rotational direction coincides with a counter-clockwise direction within the substrate surface, as viewed from minus side toward the positive side of the Y-axis.

Abstract: An optical film of the invention comprises a polarizing plate obtained by laminating a transparent protective film on at least one surface of a polarizer and a retardation film laminated on one surface of the polarizing plate so that the absorption axis of the polarizing plate and the slow axis of the retardation film are perpendicular to or in parallel with each other, wherein the retardation film satisfies a relation of nx>nz>ny, and the transparent protective film is disposed at least on the retardation film side and is a cellulose-based film with retardation in the thickness direction, which is expressed by (Rth)=(nx?nz)×d, in the range of 0 to 10 nm, where in each of the films, a refractive index of a slow axis direction, a refractive index of a fast axis direction and a refractive index in the thickness direction at a wavelength of 590 nm are represented by nx, ny and nz, respectively, that a film thickness is represented d (nm) and that the slow axis direction is defined as a direction in which a

Abstract: A display device includes a plurality of pixels in a matrix. Each pixel comprises a first, second, third and fourth primary color subpixel disposed in multiple columns. The first and second primary color subpixels are disposed in a same column, and the third and fourth primary color subpixels are disposed in different columns.

Abstract: There is disclosed an active matrix reflective liquid crystal display panel on which an active matrix circuit is integrated with peripheral driver circuits. Metal lines in the peripheral driver circuits are formed simultaneously with pixel electrodes. Thus, neither the process sequence nor the structure is complicated.

Abstract: A flat display panel comprises a plurality of driver ICs and one or more flexible printed circuit, a plurality of common wires formed on the substrate to electrically connect the ICs to the one or more flexible printed circuit, and at least one anisotropic conductive film that connects respective connecting terminals of the driver ICs and flexible printed circuit to terminals pads of the common wires. The anisotropic conductive film is laminated over the substrate to cover the terminal pads. The driver ICs and flexible printed circuit are aligned and attached on the anisotropic conductive layer by thermocompression bonding.