Abstract: A stainless steel comprising at least 20 weight % of chromium and at least 1.0 weight % of manganese is adapted to support an overcoating having a thickness from 1 to 10 microns of a spinel of the formula MnxCr3-xO4 wherein x is from 0.5 to 2. Preferably the overcoating is on chromia and has stability against chemical reaction at temperatures at least 25° C. higher than the uncoated chromia.

Abstract: A method is provided for predicting material properties and creating or modifying materials to exhibit desired properties. Materials and devices are described that are formed using the methods. Using embodiments described above, a number of advantages are realized. One advantage includes an ability to predict hysteresis in a multiple phase material. One embodiment includes an ability to modify or create a material to exhibit low hysteresis. Using embodiments described above to predict material properties and modify material properties, a number of materials can be created. An improved shape memory alloy with low hysteresis can be created. Additionally, a material that exhibits any of a number of properties that are normally mutually exclusive can be created.

Abstract: A type of magnesium alloy that is capable of producing negative potential, characterized in that it contains 8 wt %˜9.1 wt % of aluminum (Al), 0.1 wt %˜1.0 wt % of zinc (Zn), 0.1 wt %˜1.0 wt % of manganese (Mn), 0.05 wt % or less of silicone (Si), 0.002 or less of iron (Fe), 0.0012 wt % or less of copper (Cu), 0.0009 wt % or less of nickel (Ni) and 0.0008 wt % or less of beryllium (Be), the negative potential magnesium alloy binds with calcium ions and magnesium ions to show a pH value of water quality on the alkaline side.

Abstract: A spray deposition apparatus comprises a source of aqueous fiber slurry that includes a mixture of milled graphite fibers in suspension. A slurry input of the spray deposition apparatus is coupled to the source of aqueous fiber slurry. The slurry input receives the mixture of aqueous fiber slurry. A gas pressure input receives pressurized gas. A nozzle aspirates the mixture of aqueous fiber slurry with the pressurized gas to produce a stream of fiber cluster droplets.

Abstract: A system and method of separating metal powder from a slurry of liquid metal and metal powder and salt is disclosed in which the slurry is introduced into a first vessel operated in an inert environment when liquid metal is separated from the metal powder and salt leaving principally salt and metal powder substantially free of liquid metal. The salt and metal powder is transferred to a second vessel operated in an inert enviroment with both enviroments being protected from contamination. Then the salt and metal powder substantially free of salt and liquid metal. The method is particularly applicable for use in the production of Ti and its alloys.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of manufacturing plated wire. The method includes drawing a feed stock to form drawn wire, tempering the drawn wire to form tempered wire and plating the tempered wire to form the plated wire. The plated wire exhibits a tensile strength that substantially meets ASTM A229-99.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing copper based precipitation hardenable alloys, such as copper-chromium (CuCr), copper-chromium-zirconium (CuCrZr) and copper-zirconium (CuZr), wherein the method contains at least the steps: a) an elongated piece made of the desired alloy and having an essentially circular, rectangular or ring-like cross-section is cast by continuous casting, b) the cast piece is drawn, and c) at least one aging treatment is carried out for the final product.

Abstract: A method of making a silicon-containing alloy of niobium or tantalum that includes: A) forming a blend comprising niobium or tantalum powder and silicon powder and pressing the blend to form pressed blend; B) attaching the pressed blend to an electrode comprising niobium or tantalum; C) melting the electrode and pressed blend under vacuum arc remelting conditions, such that the blend mixes with the melted electrode; D) cooling the melted electrode to form an alloy ingot; and E) applying thermo-mechanical processing steps to the alloy ingot to form a wrought product. The method provides a fully recrystalized niobium or tantalum wrought product with a grain size finer that ASTM 5, that can be used to make deep drawn cups and sputtering targets.

Abstract: A method for heat treating at least one workpiece, such as a coated turbine engine component, is provided. The method comprises the steps of cleaning a furnace to be used during the heat treating method, which cleaning method comprising injecting a gas at a workpiece center location and applying heat, and diffusion heat treating the at least one workpiece in a gas atmosphere with the gas being injected at the workpiece center location. After the diffusion heat treatment step, the coated workpiece(s) may be subjected to a surface finishing operation such as a peening operation.

Abstract: A nickel-titanium alloy having a large, superelastic operating temperature window or range. The nickel-titanium alloy includes at least an additional element such as platinum, palladium, manganese, boron, aluminum, tungsten, and/or zirconium. When processed through heat treat and area reduction steps, the resultant alloy exhibits a wide superelastic temperature operating window if the characteristics of the alloy when plotted on a temperature versus stress curve can be expressed as UP=(0.66 ksi/° C.)(T)+?0, with R2?0.98, wherein ?0 is the upper plateau stress of the alloy at about 0° C., R2 is the coefficient of determination, and UP is the upper plateau stress of the alloy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to particle reinforced noble metal matrix composites and a method of making the same. The composites include a noble metal such as silver, gold, and alloys thereof, as a base or matrix, and a particle reinforced filler material, such as a carbide. A pressureless infrared heating, or superheating, process is used to produce the particle reinforced noble metal matrix composites thereby providing a composite with at least sufficient hardness, i.e. wear resistance, and/or low resistivity. The composites may be used in the jewelry industry, such as for making watches, rings, and other jewelry, and/or in the power, automobile, and aircraft industries, such as for making electrical contact materials.

Abstract: A metal heat treatment method includes quenching a workpiece by blowing an inert gas onto the workpiece, adjusting the temperature of the inert gas to approximately an isothermal holding temperature of the workpiece for transformation of the workpiece, holding the isothermal holding temperature within a margin of error of approximately plus or minus five degrees Celsius for a given period, and performing a metal heat treatment with the isothermal holding temperature kept statically or dynamically by varying the temperature of the hot-gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 5-azido levulinic acid, a process for its preparation, its use. Using 5-azido levulinic acid as starting material for the synthesis of 5-amino levulinic acid hydrochloride it is possible to obtain the latter in good yield an in pharmaceutical acceptable quality. 5-Azido levuliniv acid is synthesized in that methyl 5-bromo levulinate and/or methyl 5-chloro levulinate is converted with aqueous hydrochloric acid and as a result of an incomplete bromine/chlorine exchange at the C-5-postion a mixture of 5-chloro levulinic acid and 5-bromo levulinic acid is obtained, and the obtained 5-chloro levulinic acid, a mixture of 5-chloro levulinic acid and 5-bromo levulinic acid and the pure 5-bromo levulinic acid is transferred into 5-azido levulinic acid by conversion with a nucleophilic azide.

Abstract: A luggage cover for covering a luggage container, comprising a plurality of panels comprising a front panel, a rear panel, a top panel, a bottom panel, a first side panel, and a second side panel, the panels capable of being shaped into a protective shell for covering the luggage container, and a first fastening apparatus for detachably fastening the plurality of panels together to maintain the shape of the protective shell, wherein one of the plurality of panels is an expandable panel.

Abstract: It is possible to reduce pulling-out resistance of a knife blade from a tire while highly securing fall-preventing effect on block. A tread portion 2 has a block 7 provided with sipeings 10. The sipeing 10 has a zigzag portion 11 in an opening edge shape J at a block surface S, and zigzag displacement portions which are displaced toward one end of a longitudinal direction Fn and the other end are alternately repeated to form the zigzag portion 11 in a depth direction. When displacement amounts of a zigzag displacement portion 15U on the side of block surface, a zigzag displacement portion 15L on the side of sipeing bottom and an intermediate zigzag displacement portion 15M in a direction Fv perpendicular to the longitudinal direction Fn are defined as W1, W3 and W2, the following expressions are satisfied. W1?W2 0.

Abstract: Locking device for locking the beads of a tire cover against the flanges of a wheel rim onto which said cover is fitted, said device comprising an annular structure attached around said rim, characterized in that said structure is lightened so that its weight is less than 10 kg and in that it includes, at least locally, means for stiffening it so as to increase its mechanical resistance to compressive forces exerted by said beads against said structure.

Abstract: A laterally installing wheel including a rim in which a rim main portion and a side ring are disconnectably coupled to each other at a coupling portion of the rim main portion and the side ring, wherein the coupling portion is constructed such that a gap between the rim main portion and the side ring is not visible or is hard to view from outside in the axial direction of the wheel. The coupling portion is provided at an axially inner portion of the rim. In a case where the coupling portion is provided at an axially outer portion of the rim, the coupling portion is located at an inconspicuous portion.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a component comprising liquid crystal is described. The method comprises placing a liquid crystal (200) between a substrate (150) and a mould (100), the mould (100) having a shaped surface (102). At least a portion of the shaped surface (102) has an alignment layer (110) formed on it. The substrate (150) has a first surface (152) on which is formed a bonding layer (120). Mould and substrate are brought together so as to sandwich liquid crystal between the first surface of the substrate and the shaped surface of the mould. The liquid crystal (202) is polymerised and thereby adhered to the bonding layer (120). The substrate (150) with the adhered polymerised liquid crystal (203) is removed from the mould (100).

Abstract: A semiconductor device comprising: an element portion having a heat generation portion; a control circuit portion having a control circuit for controlling the element portion; and a metal member. The element portion and the control circuit portion are adjacently disposed oh a surface portion of a semiconductor substrate. The metal member as an external electrode for the element portion is disposed directly on the element portion through an interlayer insulation film. The metal member is also disposed directly on the control circuit portion through the interlayer insulation film.

Abstract: Vulcanizable elastomeric compositions and vulcanizates are prepared by employing a nitrogen-containing heterocycle. The nitrogen-containing heterocycle is believed to enhance interaction between a silica particle and a silica-interactive compound.

Abstract: A tire manufacturing method includes the steps of, when a green tire is molded, moving a toroidally expandable toroidal molding drum through a distance between a plurality of working stations at a specified tact time, disposing a carcass band and both bead cores on the drum in any working station and locking the bead cores, increasing the diameter of the molding drum, toroidally extending the carcass band between both bead cores, and rolling up the side portion of the carcass band around the bead cores in the outer radial direction, assembling tire component members with the bead cores locked to the toroidal molding drum and molding the green tire, and reducing the diameter of the molding drum, unlocking the bead cores, and removing the green tire from the molding drum, whereby the tires of a plurality of sizes can be sequentially molded, a conventional tire structure must not be largely changed, and an energy and time can be prevented from being wastefully consumed.

Abstract: A cord is supplied continuously and on demand by a suitable distributor. The apparatus is used with a revolving form (1) on which the reinforcement is progressively built up by depositing sections of the cord along a desired trajectory for the cord on the surface of the form. The apparatus comprises an element for depositing the cord on the surface of the form (1), describing an alternating path between two turning points, pressers close to the turning points in order to apply the cord to the form at the ends of the trajectory, acting synchronously with the depositing element, a mobile guide (5) disposed opposite the form, in the space between the form and the path described by the depositing element, a fixed guide (6) substantially parallel to the mobile guide (5), control means for moving the mobile guide (5) in a circumferential direction, and motorization means for synchronously piloting the depositing element, the pressers, and the control means of the mobile guide (5).

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention includes a pusher and a horizontal puncher. The pusher is located underneath a strip of flexible tape attached to a first unit and a sub-assembly, respectively. The pusher pushes the first unit upward vertically. The horizontal puncher punches the first unit horizontally so that the first unit is folded on top of the sub-assembly.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a slat finishing machine having a laminating subassembly for selectively disposing colorants onto slats, and an embossing subassembly for selectively creating textured surfaces on slats. The present invention also comprises methods for finishing slats.

Abstract: A method of labeling rubber component bags is provided. The method includes the steps of: (1) forming a label having a first side with an adhesive and a second side; (2) applying a first identifying marker to the second side of the label; (3) adhering the label to a bag adapted to hold a component to be used in making rubber; (4) inserting the bag and the label into a rubber mixing machine used to form the rubber mixture; and, (5) mixing the label into rubber mixture. Labels formed according to the method of this invention melt and disperse throughout the rubber mixture without negatively affecting the properties of the rubber mixture.

Abstract: A system and method to joins foam panels. The first panel has a first upper surface, a first lower surface and a first beveled edge that connects the first upper surface to the first lower surface. The first upper surface and first lower surface are both aligned parallel to a common plane. The first beveled edge is positioned at a first angle that is other than 90° with respect to the common plane. A second panel has a second upper surface, a second lower surface and a second beveled edge that connects the second upper surface to the second lower surface. The second upper surface and second lower surface are both aligned parallel to the common plane. The second beveled edge is positioned at a second angle wherein the first and second angles are supplementary angles. The adhesive layer is placed between the first and second beveled edges with first beveled edge and the second beveled edge overlapped at a joinder position.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a resin-made joint boot (10) provided with a boot body (12) including a large-diameter tubular part (14), a small-diameter tubular part (16) and a bellows section (18), and a bushing (30) fitted inside the large-diameter tubular part, wherein the boot body and the bushing are separately molded, the bushing is positioned inside the large-diameter tubular part of the boot body, and then, both are integrally fastened by laser welding. The large-diameter tubular part (14) is provided on its internal periphery with an outwardly divergent tilting surface (24) while the bushing (30) is provided with an annular projecting portion (42) to be abuttingly disposed on the tilting surface, and laser (R) is irradiated, penetrating through the annular projecting portion (42) onto the tilting surface (24).

Abstract: A liner for the plasma chamber of a plasma tool is described wherein the liner is composed substantially entirely of pure ceramic. A method for preparing such a liner is also described.

Abstract: A laser processing apparatus comprises a laser source, a substrate-holding unit, a liquid-supplying unit, a support which has a plurality of mask patterns including a specific mask pattern for imparting a cross-sectional shape to the laser beam, and a support-driving mechanism which moves the support. The liquid-supplying unit supplies the liquid to the substrate, forming a liquid film thereon. The support-driving mechanism moves the support, aligning the specific mask pattern with an axis of the laser beam. The laser beam emitted from the laser unit passes through the specific mask pattern, acquiring a specific cross-sectional shape, and is applied to the substrate through the liquid film, illuminating.

Abstract: In the present invention, an outer peripheral plate is provided in a manner to surround a held substrate. A small gap exists between the outer peripheral plate and the outer peripheral portion of the substrate. Gas blowout ports are formed on the upper surface of an inner cup on the rear face side of the substrate. During cleaning of the substrate by a cleaning solution supplied onto the substrate, a gas is blown out from the gas blowout ports to form a gas flow that flows from the rear face side of the substrate and passes by the lower side of the gap outward to the outer peripheral plate side. The liquid such as the cleaning solution leaking through the gap is swept outward by the gas flow and flows along the rear face of the outer peripheral plate to be drained. According to the present invention, the liquid can be prevented from running around to the rear face side of the substrate during developing treatment.

Abstract: A wafer processing apparatus 100 involved in an etching apparatus takes part in selective etching of the peripheral portion of a wafer 200. The wafer processing apparatus 100 includes a lower electrode 112 which is a stage on which the wafer 200 is placed, a process gas introducing duct 120 supplying a process gas etching the peripheral portion, and a plurality of etching-interfering gas introducing ducts 118a, 118b, 118c and 118d supplying etching-interfering gas an interfering supply of the process gas to the center of the wafer 200. The etching-interfering gas coming through the plurality of etching-interfering gas introducing ducts 118a to 118d is supplied in a plurality of directions, while being independently controlled in each supply volume.

Abstract: The wafer processing apparatus 100 included in an etching apparatus selectively etches the peripheral portion of a wafer 200. The wafer processing apparatus 100 includes a lower electrode 112 as a stage on which the wafer 200 is placed, a process gas introducing duct 120 supplying therethgouh a process gas etching the peripheral portion, an etching-interfering gas introducing duct 118 supplying therethrough an etching-interfering gas interfering supply of the process gas to the center portion of the wafer, and a movable alignment mechanism 102 aligning the wafer on the lower electrode 112. The etching-interfering gas introducing duct 118 and the process gas introducing duct 120 can be provided in an upper electrode 106.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus includes a reaction chamber with a structure allowing pressure reduction, a shower head for supplying a processing gas into the reaction chamber including a gas diffusion plate in which through holes are formed, and a substrate support for placing a substrate. Each ones of through holes provided in a peripheral region of the gas diffusion plate is formed so that an area of an inlet thereof is larger than an area of an outlet thereof. With use of the substrate processing apparatus, a processing gas can be supplied uniformly in the gas diffusion plate. Therefore, substrate processing such as film deposition and film etching can be uniformly performed.

Abstract: A label applying apparatus according to the present invention is constituted such that only energization power for a release operation of a manual lever is stored up during a grasp operation of the manual lever to a grip of a main body, and a label is delaminated from a backing paper web by the release operation of the manual lever, wherein the release operation ceases automatically when the release operation corresponds to a length of the label.

Abstract: A tire cage is disclosed for containing the debris from a tire explosion. The cage includes a lightweight energy absorbing material for protecting structural members of the cage from tire explosion damage so that the cage is reusable. The energy absorbing material may be a metallic foam or other open celled structured material that is able to absorb large amounts of kinetic energy by permanently deforming. The cage is particularly effective in containing explosions of large equipment tires 6 to 12 feet in diameter and having a stored kinetic energy in a range of approximately 900 kilojoules to 1500 kilojoules.

Abstract: A window awning mounting system suitable for a non-planar surface includes a housing containing a roll of awning along with a housing bracket mounting the housing to the non-planar surface. A forearm is provided and includes a header at one end thereof attached to a leading edge of the roll up awning. A spring loaded tension arm having one end attached to the forearm is provided and an arm bracket, which is separate from the housing bracket, pivotally attaches both a second end of the forearm and a second end of the tension arm.

Abstract: A fastener module and fabric panel suitable for use with a window covering having a plurality of openable rows is provided. More particularly, the fastener module enables engagement and disengagement of control cords from panels of a window covering.

Abstract: A mechanism and method for operating a track-mounted door is disclosed. The mechanism includes a pair of side drums that are connected by first cables to the bottom of the door. The side drums are coaxially mounted on a shaft for simultaneous rotation with a pair of cable drums. The cable drums are connected to high pressure gas struts by second cables. Each second cable is carried around a shiv wheel that slides along a guide track as the second cable moves. Each shiv wheel is operatively connected to one of the gas struts. As the shiv wheel moves along the guide track toward the cable drum, the gas strut is charged. As the shiv wheel moves away from the cable drum, the gas strut is discharged. A standard electric motor and screw driven lift-arm is used to initiate the opening and closing of the door. The charged gas strut stores sufficient energy to overcome friction and gravity to assist the electric motor and lift-arm to open the door.

Abstract: A collapsing and securing device of a lateral blind includes a lateral blind such as a winding blind, a Roman blind, or a cloth blind, and a number of positioning members fixed at least on one surface of the window curtain, and the positioning members can temporarily adhere, stick or attract each other to secure the lateral blind at one of many collapsed position in case the lateral blind is manually wound up, without using pull ropes with a pool as used in a conventional lateral blind for preventing potential dangers involved in conventional lateral blinds. The collapsed lateral blind can be expanded down manually with easiness and quickness, with the temporarily adhered, stuck or attracted together positioning members separated from one another with easiness.

Abstract: A Collapsible Car Sun Shade assembly installed on vehicle consists of non-perforated Fabric having multiple eye-lets on its corners for covering the vehicle's roof surface. The Fabric has air outlets, covering with Lids made of ultra-light material. Lids are attached with the Fabric by means of strings, which are long enough to move themselves upward by the air pressure build under the Fabric. The Fabric is deployed on weather proof Telescopic Pipes having four levels and equipped with spring pin-locks. The top end of the upper level of Telescopic Pipes is equipped with the Eye-let Lock. The Telescopic Pipes are attached on a Dial on which they can be locked at any angle and direction over the surface of the vehicle. The Dial is fixed on the vinyl-coated Metallic Plate, which is secured by means of screws and slide-able tension adjuster equipped with the vinyl-coated wire pulling the Metallic Plates toward each other.

Abstract: Apparatus for forming an extended nip between a mating roll and a shoe roll for treating a product web, in particular a paper web, the roll axes of which lie in a loading plane E, having a mating roll which is supported via in each case one roll-end assembly on in each case one bearing in a first bracket, having a shoe roll which has stationary bearing journals which are supported in each case via a bearing in in each case one second bracket, one of the brackets being fastened to a stand, and having releasable devices for connecting the brackets to one another, the releasable connecting elements comprising connecting lugs which are guided displaceably in grooves of one of the brackets between a locked position and at least one unlocked position along connecting axes, each connecting lug having a slot which extends parallel to a connecting axis and through which fastening pins which can be inserted in the locked position into one and the other bracket can be inserted and can be brought into engagement with opp

Abstract: Soft durable paper towels are disclosed. These paper towels can be produced, for example, using a throughdried basesheet, such as an uncreped throughdried sheet, in which both outer surfaces have been pattern-printed with a binder and at least one outer surface of the sheet is creped.

Abstract: A permeable belt, a belt press including a roll having an exterior surface and the permeable belt, and a method of drying or pressing a web with the permeable belt. The permeable belt can be tensioned to at least 30 KN/m. A side of the permeable belt has an open area of at least approximately 25% and a contact area of at least approximately 25%. This Abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method of venting a spray metal molding surface. More particularly the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a mold using a thermal spray process to produce a metal surface containing passages in the spray metal to vent fluid or gas from the forming surface. The present invention is primarily intended for mold tools, such as vacuum molds, injection molds or blow molds having vents or a multiplicity of holes in the forming surface to evacuate or supply gas in a mold.

Abstract: To provide an aluminium composite structure having a highly airtight channel therein, including: a core material having a concave groove on a surface; a covering material made up of aluminium or aluminium alloy which covers the surface of the core material other than an inner surface of the concave groove; and a lid which is firmly fixed to the covering material to close an opening of the concave groove of the core material, forms a channel for running a heat exchange medium therein, and is made up of the aluminium or aluminium alloy, and a method of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: A method of investment casting bulk-solidifying amorphous alloys, and the formation of articles of bulk-solidifying amorphous alloys made by such methods are provided.

Abstract: The system provides for controlling color reproduction of input color image data representing one or more pages or page constituents in a network having nodes (or sites). Each one of the nodes comprises at least one rendering device. The system distributes the input color image data from one of the nodes to other nodes, and provides a data structure (virtual proof) in the network. This data structure has components shared by the nodes and other components present only at each node. Next, the system has means for providing color calibration data at each node characterizing output colors (colorants) of the rendering device of the node, and means for producing at each node, responsive to the color calibration data of the rendering device of the node, information for transforming the input color image data into output color image data at the rendering device of the node. The information is then stored in the data structure in different ones of the shared and other components.

Abstract: A substrate is coated by applying a first layer atop the substrate and comprising, in major weight part, a non-refractory first metal. A second layer is applied atop the first layer and comprises, in major weight part, a carbide and/or nitride of a second metal. A third layer is applied atop the second layer and comprises, in major weight part, a ceramic. The substrate may be a refractory metal-based investment casting core.

Abstract: A substrate is coated by applying an essentially pure aluminum first layer to a surface of the substrate. At least a first portion of the first layer is oxidized so as to provide a protective coating of desired properties. The substrate may be a refractory metal-based investment casting core.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a system for producing shell moulds, in particular for investment casting. The system 10 comprises a slipping device 14, a sanding device 12 and a drying device 16. The drying device 16 has a drying chamber 30 for drying a slipped pattern 20. Infrared light sources 34 are arranged in the drying chamber 30. The temperature within the drying chamber is adjusted above 25° C. using the infrared light sources 34 or using separate heating means.