Abstract: A MEMS device is provided. The MEMS device may include a first plate and a second plate defining a cavity with the first plate. The MEMS device may also include a first transducer configured to cause a first relative movement between the first and second plates and a second transducer configured to cause a second relative movement between the first and second plates..

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an optically colored body comprising at least one micelle, wherein the micelle comprises a liquid medium and colloid microcrystals having aggregates of spherical nano-particles and a cosmetic composition comprising the optically colored body. The present disclosure also relates to an optical structure comprising at least one substrate, and at least one wall that covers the at least one substrate and has optical transparency, wherein the space between the at least one substrate and the at least one wall is filled with colloid microcrystals having arrays of spherical nano-particles. Further, the present disclosure relates to a cosmetic composition comprising at least one optically colored body and/or at least one optical structure and a method for producing the optical structure.

Abstract: An ultraviolet laser apparatus according to the present invention comprises a laser generating portion having a single-wavelength oscillating laser for generating laser light having a single wavelength falling within a wavelength range from an infrared band to a visible band, an optical amplifier having a fiber optical amplifier for amplifying the laser light generated by the laser generating portion, and a wavelength converting portion for wavelength-converting the amplified laser light into ultraviolet light by using a non-linear optical crystal, whereby ultraviolet light having a single wavelength is generated.

Abstract: The invention pertains to optical fiber transmission systems, and is particularly relevant to optical transport systems employing Raman optical amplifiers. In particular the invention teaches an apparatus and method to provide initial tuning of a Raman pump module. In the present invention, improvements to Raman gain control are taught in order to provide for an advantageous Raman gain spectral profile.

Abstract: An erbium fiber (or erbium-ytterbium) based chirped pulse amplification system is illustrated. The use of fiber amplifiers operating in the telecommunications window enables the implementation of telecommunications components and telecommunications compatible assembly procedures with superior mechanical stability.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for adjusting the tilt of an inline amplifier. A controller reads the power of an amplifier twice. Then, if there is a change in power, a difference is calculated by subtracting the first power from the second power. A tilt correction is calculated by multiplying the change in power by a negative constant. The system then adjusts a gain control device by the tilt correction. Because of the simplicity of the algorithm and location of the controller, adjustments can be made to the gain tilt within approximately 100 ?s and system failures can be avoided.

Abstract: Monitoring of the input power is performed on-chip and is used to monitor and maintain performance, detect failure and trigger network protection strategies. An optical power-monitoring technique uses a photodetector monolithically integrated with the semiconductor optical amplifier—Mach-Zehnder interferometer circuit to monitor the P2R device and keep the output stable while the input power varies.

Abstract: An optical system having at least one dichroic Mangin mirror. The optical system has a front-end optical sub-system or a light source operative to emit an optical beam. The optical beam is dispersed into at least a first color beam and a second color beam and has certain degree of monochromatic aberration. The dichroic Mangin mirror is disposed along the optical paths of both the first and second color beams. The dichroic Mangin mirror includes a first surface operative to transmit the first color beam only, but reflects the second color beam. Therefore, upon incident on the dichroic Mangin mirror, the second color beam is reflected, while the first color beam transmits through the first surface and is then reflected off from the second surface. Thereby, the first and second color beams can be focused at the same position, which is referred as an achromatic system focus. Thereby, the chromatic aberration caused by the dispersion can be eliminated.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus for a microscope and an image processing apparatus using the illumination apparatus include a light source, a semi-transmissive mirror splitting a light beam from the light source into two beams of the first and second irradiation light, two excitation filters selecting the wavelengths of the first and second irradiation light, a semi-transmissive mirror synthesizing individual beams of the first and second irradiation light whose wavelengths are selected, into a single beam, a dichroic mirror directing a light beam synthesized by the semi-transmissive mirror toward a specimen and transmitting light from the specimen, an objective lens, cameras imaging fluorescent light from the specimen after being separated into fluorescent light excited by the first and second wavelengths, and an image processing section processing fluorescent images formed by imaging elements.

Abstract: Devices and methods that collect, concentrate, and disperse celestial light into spectra of different wavelengths by utilizing a large collection mirror and a means for dispersion located at a focal point.

Abstract: A two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) switchable autostereoscopic display apparatus is provided, including a display panel and a lenticular unit with a two-dimensional mode and a three-dimensional mode. In the two-dimensional mode, the lenticular unit transmits a single image, and in the three-dimensional mode, the lenticular unit separates an image from the display panel into a right-eye image and a left-eye image. The lenticular unit includes first and second lenticular lens sheets, a half-wave plate interposed between the first and second lenticular lens sheets, which rotates a polarization of incident light by 90 degrees, and first and second electro-optical mediums disposed between the first lenticular lens sheet and the half-wave plate and between the second lenticular lens sheet and the half-wave plate, respectively.

Abstract: There is provided a transmission type screen having a directional light scattering lens and a fresnel lens, wherein the fresnel lens has contact portions that contact with the directional light scattering lens and non-contact portions which are provided between the contact portions, whose height is lower than that of the contact portions and which do not contact with the directional light scattering lens. The invention realizes the very practical transmission type screen that allows viewers to appreciate good images in which blur and Moire are inconspicuous by preventing the blur from occurring on the screen and by reducing the intensity of Moire which is caused by the periodic structure of the fresnel and lenticular lenses.

Abstract: A 2D/3D switchable stereoscopic display which can provide a 3D image with complete parallax using two polarization grating screens is provided. The 2D/3D switchable stereoscopic display includes a display device which an image and a parallax barrier unit including first and second polarization grating screens facing each other. The parallax barrier unit has a 2D mode and a 3D mode and is switched between the 2D mode and the 3D mode when the two polarization grating screens are moved relative to each other. In the 2D mode, the parallax barrier unit transmits all light, and in the 3D mode, it forms a barrier and a plurality of apertures which are arranged at predetermined intervals in two dimensions, thereby transmitting light through only the apertures and thus providing a 3D image with horizontal parallax and vertical parallax.

Abstract: A switchable autostereoscopic display which can easily switch between a two-dimensional (2D) mode and a three-dimensional (3D) mode using a transparent elastic member is provided. The switchable autostereoscopic display includes a display panel which displays an image; a lenticular lens sheet which separates the image into a left-eye image and a right-eye image; a transparent substrate having a side which faces the lenticular lens sheet; and a transparent elastic member attached to the transparent substrate on the side of the transparent substrate that faces the lenticular lens sheet.

Abstract: A parts selecting apparatus includes a unit configured to extract parts included in a two-dimensional closed area from a plurality of parts constituting a three dimensional object in response to a user action specifying the two-dimensional closed area on a display screen that displays a two-dimensional image of the three-dimensional object, and to cause information identifying the extracted parts to be displayed, a unit configured to cause a two-dimensional image of the three-dimensional object with a selected part being highlighted to be displayed on the display screen in response to a user action selecting the selected part from the extracted parts, and a unit configured to switch the two-dimensional image of the three-dimensional object with the selected part being highlighted to another two-dimensional image for which at least one of a view angle or a magnification is changed.

Abstract: The present invention is a device and method of using the device to view objects that are on or under the surface of water by alternating depth perspective views. The inventive device includes a container, and a mirror device within the container, with each side preferably having a different reflective surface. The mirror device is able to be rotated or adjusted via a handle.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an optical system includes two tilted planar elements each having two surfaces for which the sign of the slopes of at least three of the four surfaces that an incident beam encounters are the same and which, when inserted into the path of the incident beam produces an output beam having no angular deviation and essentially no lateral deviation from the incident beam path.

Abstract: Optical-image display systems are disclosed having simple structure and a large exit pupil. An exemplary system includes a transmissive plate having inside an optical path of light flux from a display at each angular field of view of an image-display element. The light flux is internally reflected repeatedly in the transmissive plate. An optical-deflection member is provided in close contact with a predetermined region of one surface of the plate used for internal reflection. The optical-deflection member emits to the outside of the plate a portion of each of the light fluxes from the display having reached the predetermined region, and deflects a portion of each light flux in a predetermined direction by reflection. Thus, a virtual image is formed of the display screen of the image-display element.

Abstract: An optical imaging system is provided comprising a first lens group having a positive refractive power; a second lens group having a negative refractive power; a third lens group having a positive or negative power; and a fourth lens group having a positive or negative power.

Abstract: An object is to provide an ultra-compact zoom lens system suitable for a video camera and a electronic still camera using a solid-state imaging device and the like with securing high optical performance. The zoom lens system includes, in order from an object along the optical axis, a first lens group having negative refractive power, a second lens group having positive refractive power, a third lens group having positive refractive power, and at least one lens group having positive refractive power. The first lens group is fixed upon zooming from a wide-angle end state to an telephoto end state and focusing. A plurality of lens groups except the first lens group are moved upon zooming from the wide-angle end state to the telephoto end state, respectively. A plurality of lens groups except the first lens group G1 are moved upon focusing, respectively. Given conditional expressions are satisfied.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for fabricating a lens unit in which an inter-barrel member can be fixed with a high degree of accuracy without enlarging the lens barrels and the accuracy of the dimension of the inter-barrel member is not required. The method comprises the steps of: disposing an inter-barrel member 11 in a gap “g” defined between a front lens barrel 7 on a subject side in an optical-axis direction x and a rear lens barrel 8 on an imaging surface side in the optical-axis direction x; bringing the inter-barrel member 11 into close contact with one of the front lens barrel 7 and the rear lens barrel 8 in the optical-axis direction x; inserting a resilient member 12 into a space in the optical-axis direction x between the inter-barrel member 11 and the other of the front lens barrel 7 and the rear lens barrel 8; and fixing the front lens barrel 7 and the rear lens barrel 8 integrally with each other to compress the resilient member 12 in the optical-axis direction x.

Abstract: An optical device with five air-spaced optical elements. An optical device in the form of an eyepiece is disclosed with a center negative lens and two outer positive lenses on each side of the intermediate negative lens. The eyepiece transmits light from an object to an exit pupil along angles corresponding to the position of a focus point on an object. In a preferred embodiment the positive lenses are identical.

Abstract: Optical elements are provided. An optical element is formed by injecting resin material into a mold through a gate in a first direction. The optical element includes a main body, a flange surrounding and connecting the main body, and a curved depression formed between the main body and the flange. The main body has a central axis and a first curved surface. The flange includes an annular abutting surface and a connecting portion. The connecting portion has a connecting surface connecting the first curved surface and the abutting surface. Both of the abutting surface and the connecting surface are perpendicular to the central axis.

Abstract: A lens is provided with a reflective annular zone face that is approximately perpendicular to the lens optical axis, and tilt of the reflective annular zone face is set to be equivalent to coma aberration resulting from the lens.

Abstract: A digital camera module (100) includes a lens barrel (20), a lens holder (22), an image pick-up module (26), and a protective member. The lens barrel defines a central hollow, and has at least one lens (202) received therein. The lens holder defines a central hollow. The lens barrel is movably received in the lens holder along an axis of the lens holder. The image pick-up module is arranged to receive light from the lenses. The protective member is configured for preventing dust and/or particle contamination associated with a relative movement of the lens barrel and the lens holder falling onto the image pick-up module.

Abstract: An optical disk apparatus that includes: a disk drive device having a guide shaft secured to a chassis and an optical pickup which is rotatably attached to the guide shaft and moves along the guide shaft. The optical pickup comprises a lens holder holding an objective lens for emitting a light beam to be projected onto an optical disk and having a sliding hole, a shaft passing through the sliding hole, a focus coil wound around an outer wall of the sliding hole, and a hexagonal magnetic plate fit over the outer wall of the sliding hole so as to be adjacent to the focus coil. One side of the hexagonal magnetic plate is bent toward the focus coil so that the magnetic plate is inclined with respect to a plane having a normal line parallel to a sliding direction of the lens holder.

Abstract: An objective lens holder includes a body, a plurality of sideboards, and a plurality of ribs. The body defines a through hole therein for receiving an objective lens. The sideboards extend downwardly from the body round the through hole to enclose an opening that communicates with the through hole for light passing therethrough. The ribs are connected between every two adjacent sideboards.

Abstract: A miniature deformable mirror includes an upper portion, a lower portion, and a spacer. The upper portion includes a frame, an organic thin film, and a reflecting layer. The organic thin film is used as a deformed element and supported by the frame. The reflecting layer is disposed on the organic thin film used for reflecting incident light. The lower portion includes a conductive substrate. The conductive layer is disposed on the substrate and used for conducting the driving voltage. The spacer is sandwiched between the upper portion and the lower portion. While voltages are applied, electrostatic forces are generated to deform the organic thin film and reflecting layer. Therefore, a miniature deformable mirror with continuously variable focuses is realized.

Abstract: A vehicle mirror assembly having a housing and dome-type mirror lens. The lens has a first base footprint portion with a constant radius of curvature and a diameter, and a second base footprint portion comprised of an elliptical portion with a base major axis and a base minor axis. The mirror lens includes a first surface portion having a first surface radius and conforming to the first base footprint portion. The lens additionally includes a second surface portion conforming to the second base footprint portion. The second surface portion is comprised of a second surface major radius of curvature corresponding to a major surface axis and a second surface minor radius of curvature corresponding to a minor surface axis.

Abstract: An optical display device of the invention comprises a first concave mirror, a second concave mirror and at least one illuminant. The first concave mirror is formed as a surface of revolution about an optical axis with a first aperture formed at the optical axis. The second concave mirror is formed as a surface of revolution about the optical axis and facing the first concave mirror to form a space accommodating an object. The illuminant is disposed outside the space, wherein the light from the illuminant reaches the object and the light reflected by the object is reflected by the first and second concave mirrors to generate an image at the first aperture.

Abstract: A mirror assembly is provided having a base member and a dome lens member. The dome lens member has a varying dome lens radius of curvature with a center surface portion having a center surface radius of curvature and a peripheral surface portion having a peripheral surface radius of curvature greater than the center surface radius of curvature.

Abstract: An examination assistant device (3) is used for examination in which a process solution containing an etching solution is held in contact with an examination objective portion of a quartz pole member (21) of a semiconductor processing apparatus, and then the process solution is analyzed to identify a metal impurity contained in the examination objective portion. The pole member (21) includes a pair of concave portions (22) disposed one on either side of the examination objective portion. The examination assistant device (3) includes a pair of end plates (32) configured to engage with the pair of concave portions, a frame (30) connecting the pair of end plates, and a solution receiver (31) disposed between the pair of end plates. The solution receiver (31) has dimensions to store the process solution and hold the process solution in contact with the examination objective portion.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a magnetic recording/reproducing system wherein each burst pattern in discrete media is configured in a substantially trapezoidal shape (truncated quadrangular pyramid shape, and which satisfies given relations between W1, W2, Tp and Wr. W1 is the upper side of the trapezoidal shape in the track width direction, which corresponds to the surface of said convex-form magnetic recoding layer, W2 is the lower side of the trapezoidal shape in the track width direction, which corresponds to the bottom surface of said convex-form magnetic layer, Tp is the data track pitch at the data information recording portion, and Wr is the read width of the magnetic head, so that loads on burst pattern shape in medium fabrication processes can be far more reduced and far more precise position error signals can be obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed is a configuration to implement a robot replacement in a library apparatus while maintaining an electrically-activated state. In such a configuration, the library apparatus storing a recording medium (cartridge) for writing and reading information with a host computer, comprises a plurality of robot units, which carries the recording medium; and a control unit (library control unit) which stops power feeding to the robot units if an event is generated until processing time of the event or predetermined time elapses and which transmits to a query from the host computer a response representing that the processing of the event is in progress.

Abstract: A tape cartridge management system which includes a plurality of tape cartridges, an RFID tag for storing management information being arranged at outside or inside of a case of the tape cartridges, and a reader-writer for reading and writing the management information stored in the RFID tag, the reader-writer being configured to be capable of reading and writing the management information with an identical positional relation against the plurality of the tape cartridges, wherein the tape cartridges for arranging the RFID tag at the outside of the case is provided with the RFID tag on an external surface of a side wall on which a label pasting member of the case is disposed, and wherein the tape cartridges for arranging the RFID tag at the inside of the case is provided with the RFID tag on an internal surface of the side wall on which the label pasting member of the case is disposed.

Abstract: An acceleration sensor comprises a vibrating element 2 formed by arranging conductor films 26 and 29 on outer main surfaces of piezoelectric substrates 21 and 22 in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and first supporting members 3a and 3b for holding a part of the vibrating element 2, the first supporting members 3a and 3b being composed of an elastic body, and a bending point of the vibrating element being positioned within a supporting region 91 held between the first supporting members 3a and 3b. This causes a region, which is distorted, in each of the piezoelectric substrates 21 and 22 to be enlarged. Therefore, the amount of charges to be generated is increased so that an output voltage is increased, which allows acceleration detection sensitivity to be further enhanced.

Abstract: A method of generating a clock signal from a moving medium includes detecting movement of at least one mark that moves synchronously with the medium. A generally sinusoidal output signal corresponding to movement of the mark is produced. The generally sinusoidal output signal is interpolated to provide a clock signal having a higher frequency than said generally sinusoidal output signal. The interpolation dynamically adjusts the phase of the interpolated output clock signal to correct for errors in the phase of said output signal. In one embodiment, servo tracks are written to a magnetic disk using a servo pattern signal, the phase of the servo pattern signal being adjusted relative to a clock signal. In another aspect, timing errors in a servo track writer are characterised.

Abstract: Provided are a method of calculating repeatable runout (RRO) of a hard disk drive (HDD) in a frequency domain, a method of calculating a compensation value using the RRO calculating method, and recording media used therefore. The method of calculating RRO in a disk with a plurality of tracks includes: calculating first set of frequency coefficients for representing the RRO by analyzing a position error signal (PES), which is sampled in a target track, in a frequency domain while a head follows the target track; and calculating the RRO using the first set of frequency coefficients.

Abstract: A head position control system control the position of the head by correcting the components synchronizing rotation of the disk from the head control amount, in which an adjusted gain to minimize the components synchronizing rotation after correction is theoretically acquired. An adjusted gain based on the ratio of the magnitude between the components synchronizing rotation of a disk and the components not synchronizing rotation of the disk in the position signals is used. And a gain to minimize RRO after correction can be theoretically determined using an expression to determine RRO after correction. The gain can be determined without depending on experiment, and the value of RRO after correction can be guaranteed, therefore the manufacturing time and the device specifications can be determined.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hard disk drive performing a seek control method using a multi-sinusoidal wave acceleration profile, where the seek control method is capable of coping with a variation in a voice coil motor driving current due to variances in a peripheral environment. The seek control method of the present invention includes: calculating a seek time scaling (STC) related to variations in a voice coil motor (VCM) driving current due to variation in a peripheral environment; calculating an acceleration distance ratio (ALR) of an acceleration distance to a maximum seek distance without a coast mode according to the STC; calculating position profiles in an acceleration mode, the coast mode and a deceleration mode, respectively, using both the STC and the ALR; and performing a seek operation by generating the VCM driving current according to the position profiles and applying the VCM driving current to a VCM.

Abstract: A cartridge holder is disclosed that includes a cartridge supporting member that supports an inserted cartridge corresponding to a first cartridge or a thicker second cartridge; a cartridge upper face holding member that is normally positioned at a first height position for holding down the first cartridge; a cartridge upper face holding member supporting mechanism configured to move the cartridge upper face holding member with respect to the cartridge supporting member; and a lock mechanism configured to lock the cartridge upper face holding member in the first height position. The cartridge supporting member and the cartridge upper face holding member define a cartridge accommodating space. The lock mechanism remains locked when the first cartridge is inserted, and unlocks when the second cartridge is inserted. When the second cartridge is inserted, the cartridge upper face holding member is raised, and the size of the cartridge accommodating space is changed.

Abstract: A storage medium player includes a base, a printed circuit board mounted in the base, and an indicator device. The base includes an upper body and a lower body. One of the upper body and the lower body includes a first engaging portion and defines a hole. The indicator device includes an indicating lamp and a shield arranged between the indicating lamp and the hole. The indicating lamp is electrically connected with the printed circuit board so as to be supplied with an operating voltage by the printed circuit board. The shield is mounted in the base with one end thereof being engaged with the first engaging portion. The shield includes a main body and a protruding portion extending away from the main body. At least a part of the protruding portion is received in the hole.

Abstract: A thin-film magnetic head structure has a configuration adapted to manufacture a thin-film magnetic head configured such that a main magnetic pole layer including a magnetic pole end part on a side of a medium-opposing surface opposing a recording medium, a write shield layer opposing the magnetic pole end part so as to form a recording gap layer on the medium-opposing surface side, and a thin-film coil wound about the write shield layer or main magnetic pole layer are laminated. The main magnetic pole layer includes a base magnetic pole part comprising the magnetic pole end part and a base depression distanced farther from the medium-opposing surface than the magnetic pole end part, and an embedded magnetic pole part buried in the base depression and joined to the base magnetic pole part.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-safety head slider and an information storage apparatus having high operational reliability. The present invention provides a head slider equipped with a head that accesses a movable information storage medium on which information is recorded and that implements at least information reproduction, and situated close to the information storage medium. The head slider includes: a floating force generating section, opposing the information storage medium, that generates floating force upward from the information storage medium, through movement of the information storage medium; and a base section, equipped with the head, that, through floating force generated by the floating force generating section, floats from the information storage medium, the thickness in the floating direction of the base section varying along the direction of movement of the information storage medium.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide solutions to a problem, in which a reduced peripheral speed resulting from a trend toward a magnetic disk having a smaller diameter makes it more and more difficult to achieve a lifting force that allows a magnetic head slider to fly stably. According to one embodiment, in a magnetic head slider comprising a leading edge, a trailing edge, and an air bearing surface, the air bearing surface includes a plurality of leading side rail surfaces, a trailing side rail surface disposed in the same plane as the leading side rail surfaces and having a magnetic head mounted thereon, a stepped bearing surface having a predetermined depth ?1 from the leading side rail surface, and a negative-pressure groove surface having a depth ?2 from the leading side rail surface, the depth ?2 being even deeper than the stepped bearing surface.

Abstract: A head gimbal assembly, including a slider, a suspension having a slider holding plate, and an accessory plate mounted on the suspension having a dimple to partially hold the slider holder plate.

Abstract: The conventional ramp mechanism constituting a load/unload mechanism for a magnetic disk is disadvantageous for increasing a storage capacity since an outer peripheral edge of the disk is not used as a data area. In one embodiment of the invention, a disk drive has a solenoid and spring for turning a ramp mechanism about a rotating shaft. When the drive operates, since the ramp mechanism moves out from the magnetic disk by the tensile force of the solenoid, the outer peripheral edge of a magnetic head that has formerly been unusable can be used as a data read/write region, without the magnetic head interfering with the fins of the ramp mechanism. During a non-operating state of the drive and in case of a power interruption, the tensile force of the spring returns the ramp mechanism to a position at which the magnetic head can be unloaded. This construction allows the storage capacity of the drive to be easily increased without sacrificing the shock resistance of the ramp mechanism.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention is a head stack assembly of a disk drive, which head stack assembly includes: (a) a first contact disposed on a side of the head stack assembly, which first contact is adapted to contact a crash stop of the disk drive to stop the head stack assembly from moving in a first direction; and (b) a second contact disposed on the same side of the head stack assembly, which second contact is adapted to contact the crash stop to prevent the head stack assembly from moving in a second direction different from the first direction.

Abstract: A drum assembly (20, 20(7)) for a helical scan recorder comprises a stationary first drum (22) and a shaft (24) having a shaft first end (26) centrally mounted to the first drum and a shaft second end (28). The drum assembly further comprises a rotatable second drum (32) which has at least one transducing element (34) mounted thereon. The shaft (24) extends axially through the second drum (32) and the shaft second end (28) protrudes axially above the second drum (32). The drum assembly also comprises a physical support member (40, 40(7)) connected to the first drum (22). The physical support member (40, 40(7)) is connected to the first drum (22) and also connected to stabilize the shaft second end (28) while allowing rotation of the second drum (32). The physical support member (40, 40(7)) is connected to the shaft second end (28) to reduce deflection of the shaft second end (28) when the drum assembly is exposed to external vibration or shock.

Abstract: The problem of increasing the output signal from a CCP-CPP GMR device without having it overheat has been overcome by placing materials that have different thermoelectric potentials on opposing sides of the spacer layer. Heat from the hot junction is removed at the substrate, which acts as a heat sink, resulting in a net local cooling of the confined current spacer layer, enabling it to operate at both higher input voltage increased reliability.