Abstract: A hydraulic control system has a pilot pressure supply circuit that applies a pressure differential dependent on engine speed to opposite sides of an anti-stall valve to turn off the pilot flow when the pressure differential falls below a certain value, resulting in holding the positions of the hydraulic devices being controlled until engine speed recovers.

Abstract: A system and method for electronically controlling the displacement of hydraulic pumps, transmissions or transaxles. A moveable swash plate is cooperable with a rotatable hydraulic pump for controlling the output thereof, and a rotatable trunnion arm is coupled to the moveable swash plate. A pair of switches may be mounted in separate locations to detect the position of a control arm used to rotate the trunnion arm. The control arm may be connected to an electronic actuation drive used to electronically control the rotatable control arm.

Abstract: Methods and Systems for using a measure of fueling rate in the air side control of an engine. By using a measure of the fueling rate, the air side control may, for example, anticipate the future air side needs of the engine, and adjust one or more air side parameters to meet the anticipated future air side needs of the engine. This may improve the responsiveness, performance and emissions of the engine.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for lowering NOx in diesel engine exhaust gases while maintaining thermal efficiency, by retarding the start of fuel injection, increasing the compression ratio, and reducing the turbocharger inlet flow area to increase turbocharger speed and inlet manifold boost levels for the engine intake air.

Abstract: This invention relates to an actuator assembly for a turbocharger pressure control valve assembly and a method of assembling a pressure control assembly of a turbocharger. The assembly comprises an actuator coupled to an actuator rod which in use is coupled to the valve assembly to control the position thereof. The actuator rod comprises an elongate member at least a portion of which is flexible. The actuator rod may be a resilient member which may be substantially straight when stressed. In use the actuator rod may extend in a substantially straight line between the actuator and the valve assembly.

Abstract: A combustion engine for a vehicle comprising at least one exhaust gas collector for receiving the gases combusted in the engine, an exhaust gas driven turbo compressor for connection downstream the exhaust gas collector, and a mounting device for mounting the turbo compressor on the engine. The invention is characterised in that the mounting device comprises a suspension device arranged on the engine body for suspending the turbo compressor such that the weight of the turbo compressor is supported and that the turbo compressor after the suspension is connectable to the exhaust gas collector.

Abstract: Systems and methods for turbocharging an internal combustion engine include operating two turbochargers in a series configuration for a first operating region and a parallel configuration for a second operating region. Systems and methods for controlling exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in a turbocharged internal combustion engine provide low pressure EGR upstream of a compressor inlet for a first operating region and high pressure EGR downstream of a compressor outlet for a second operating range to further improve turbocharger operating margin and overall efficiency.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optimizing a large-scale industrial facility, especially a power plant, consisting of m subassemblies (BGj), wherein j=1(1)m) and wherein the following steps are successively carried out: comparing the parameters (KGj) of all subassemblies (BG1 to BGj) with predetermined reference values (RWj); detecting the subassemblies (Bgi) with i=1(1)m, whose parameters (KG1) are worse than the reference values (RWi) and optimizing the subassemblies (BG1) whose parameters (KGi) are worse than the reference values (RW1).

Abstract: A dual fuel premix nozzle and method of operation for use in a gas turbine combustor is disclosed. The dual fuel premix nozzle utilizes a fin assembly comprising a plurality of radially extending fins for injection of fuel and compressed air in order to provide a more uniform injection pattern. When in gas operation, the fuel and compressed air mixes upstream of the combustion chamber and flows into the combustion chamber as a homogeneous mixture. The premix fuel nozzle includes a plurality of coaxial passages, which provide gaseous fuel and compressed air to the fin assembly. When in liquid fuel operation, the gas circuits are purged with compressed air and liquid fuel and water pass through coaxial passages to the tip of the dual fuel premix fuel nozzle, where they inject liquid fuel and water into the secondary combustion chamber.

Abstract: An integrated cryopump and 2 stage pulse tube refrigeration system (100) comprising a cryopump, a compressor for a pulse tube refrigerator, a pulse tube refrigerator located within the vacuum chamber of the cryopump where the hot ends of the pulse tubes (165,175) are connected to each other through a buffer volume (180), are integral to the cryopump vacuum chamber hosing, and a buffer volume (180) is connected to the hot ends (117,119) of the pulse tubes (165,175) through flow restrictors (145,150).

Abstract: A method for operating a pulse tube cryocooler system wherein in the event the mean pressure of the working gas within the fixed volume of the cryocooler undergoes a change, the operation of the system is kept from severe degradation by changing the frequency of the pressure wave generator driving the cryocooler directly with the change in the mean pressure.

Abstract: The present invention teaches methods of operating a pressurized cryogenic liquid gas storage tank that has a vent cooling shield around which fuel vented from a storage tank flows to cool the storage tank by reducing the influence of heat influx into the storage tank. The method of the present invention provides for reduction in the quantity of fuel loss during the venting operation and allows a greater volume of liquid fuel to be stored in the storage tank. The method includes allowing fuel in a storage tank to transition between a two-phase state of liquid and gas into a single-phase state of liquid and back into a two-phase state of liquid and gas. Additionally, the present invention allows filling a storage tank to a liquid level greater than about 95% of the capacity of the storage tank.

Abstract: A drain pump assembly is provided for use with an evaporative cooler having a water reservoir and a circulating pump. The drain pump assembly includes a drain pump operative to pump accumulated water from the reservoir when the drain pump is turned on and a controller. The controller is operative to turn on the drain pump automatically after the circulating pump has operated for a predetermined circulate time period and also is operative to turn on the drain pump in response to actuation of a manual drain actuator. The controller turns on the drain pump for a drain time that is equal to or greater than a predetermined drain period. The controller can terminate operation of the drain pump and reset the drain time is power to the circulating pump is interrupted during operation of the circulating pump. The controller includes a processor and a data storage device operative to store data representing the accumulated circulate time when power to the circulating pump is interrupted.

Abstract: An air conditioner has a controller that controls the operation of a refrigerant circuit that has a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve or orifice tube, and an evaporator. The condenser receives a compressed refrigerant from the compressor and condenses the refrigerant to either a liquid phase or a saturated liquid-vapor phase. The condensed refrigerant is then passed through the expansion valve or orifice tube to expand the refrigerant and to delivery the refrigerant to the evaporator. The controller is operatively coupled to the compressor to operate the compressor to change an average condenser temperature of the condenser from a first temperature to a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature based on at least one control signal indicative of thermal requirements of a vehicle component influenced by the average condenser temperature of the condenser.

Abstract: A system for cooling gas heated by passing the gas over heat-producing equipment to cool the equipment comprises a heat exchanger including a first heat transfer mechanism configured to transfer heat from the heated gas to a first coolant, and a first condensing module connected for fluid communication with the heat exchanger and including second and third heat transfer mechanisms, the first condensing module being configured to transfer heat through the second and third heat transfer mechanisms from the first coolant to second and third coolants in the second and third heat transfer mechanisms, respectively.

Abstract: An integrated liquid cooling device for electronic components addresses the need for efficient cooling created by ever increasing power densities of electronic components. The integrated liquid cooling device has a housing enclosing the electronic component, cooling liquid contained in the housing, a motor immersed in the cooling liquid and mounted to the housing, an impeller driven by the motor, and cooling surfaces on the exterior of the housing. The motor driven impeller creates a turbulent flow in the cooling liquid and a high velocity liquid flow over the electronic component, which rapidly transfers heat from the electronic component and distributes it throughout the interior of the housing. The cooling surfaces on the exterior of the housing dissipate this heat, either by free or forced convection, into the surrounding environment.

Abstract: An improved air conditioner system for controlling a desired temperature and a reduced humidity level in a space to be environmentally controlled, that comprises an additional second heat exchanger and third heat exchanger in the separate indoor air flow path. The refrigerant circuit includes an anti-migration control device between the compressor and the second heat exchanger. An anti-floodback control device is located upstream of the compressor between the first heat exchanger in the indoor air path and the compressor. An expansion control device is also located in the refrigerant circuit between the heat exchanger in the outdoor air flow path and the heat exchanger in the indoor air flow path. The second heat exchanger effectively becomes a hot gas re-heat de-superheater heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger improves the efficiency by providing additional sub-cooling. The system enhances the latent capacity for providing dehumidified air of from 25–40 percent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a refrigerator comprising: a main body having a storage compartment to store a container; a lift provided on a lower part of the storage compartment; a rotator of a pipe shape and having a pair of threaded parts with opposite threads facing to each other along a longitudinal direction; a driver to rotate the rotator; and a pair of rotation links that has a first end formed with a female screw engaged with each of the threaded parts, approaches to or separates from each other according to a rotation of the rotator, and comprises hinge connectors hingedly connected to the lifting part to be separately rotated. Thus, the present invention provides the refrigerator in which the container may be lifted as the necessary of the user with ease.

Abstract: Air conditioner including a case having air inlet and outlet passages therein perpendicular to each other, and a plurality of air inlet and outlets at ends of the air inlet and outlet passages, a regenerative heat exchanger at a cross point of the air inlet and outlet passages for making indirect heat exchange of the external air and room air flowing through the air inlet and outlet passages, a compressor, a flow path control valve for shifting, and guiding a flow path of refrigerant from the compressor proper to respective operation modes, first and second heat exchangers, an expansion device, a first fan in the air inlet passage for blowing external air into a room through the first heat exchanger, and a second fan in the air outlet passage for blowing the room air to an exterior through the second heat exchanger, thereby ventilating as well as heating or cooling the room at the same time.

Abstract: A receiver for a vehicle air conditioner having a pair of headers and a plurality of tubes defining a plurality of refrigerant flow stages between the headers. The receiver includes a housing in refrigerant flow connection with one of the condenser headers, and a receiving device removably secured in the housing. The device includes first and second members sealing against the receiver to define respective spaced first and second walls, and at least one connection line is in or on the receiving device and bridges the spacing between the first and second walls, with the connection line being adapted to guide refrigerant through the spacing from one stage to another stage. Desiccant is provided in the housing between the first and second sealing members.

Abstract: An absorption refrigerator includes a high temperature regenerator for heating a water solution including a halogen compound to generate steam. An oxide film having thickness of 0.02–5.0 ?m, one of the colors blue, purple and gray, or a hydroxyl group is formed on a surface of at least one of the high temperature regenerators and the heat exchanger.

Abstract: An apparatus for converting a refrigerant pipe of an air conditioner comprises: a valve housing installed at a position where respective refrigerant discharge pipes of plural compressors are put together, having a valve space portion therein, and composed of a first refrigerant inlet, a second refrigerant inlet, a refrigerant outlet, a bypass outlet, and a detour refrigerant outlet at upper and lower sides thereof; a bypass pipe for connecting the refrigerant outlet of the valve housing to refrigerant suction pipes of the compressors so that a refrigerant discharged from each refrigerant discharge pipe of the compressors can be introduced into the refrigerant suction pipes of the compressors; an open/close valve slidably installed in the valve space portion of the valve housing so that a refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant discharge pipe can be selectively introduced into the refrigerant circulation pipe of the condenser or the bypass pipe; and an open/close valve driving means installed at the valve

Abstract: An apparatus for converting a refrigerant pipe of an air conditioner comprises: a valve housing installed at a position where respective refrigerant discharge pipes of plural compressors are put together, having a valve space portion therein, and having a first refrigerant inlet, a second refrigerant inlet, a detour refrigerant inlet, a refrigerant outlet and a bypass outlet at upper and lower portions thereof; a bypass pipe for connecting the refrigerant outlet of the valve housing to refrigerant suction pipes of the compressors so that a refrigerant discharged from each refrigerant discharge pipe of the plural compressors can be introduced to the refrigerant suction pipes of the plural compressors; an open/close valve slidably installed at the valve space portion of the valve housing so that a refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant discharge pipes can be selectively introduced into a refrigerant circulation pipe of a condenser or the bypass pipe; and an open/close valve driving means installed at the v

Abstract: To prevent refrigerant in a refrigeration cycle from releasing into a vehicle compartment, in large amounts, due to breakage of an evaporator disposed on a compartment side or piping thereto. An expansion device is formed by an expansion valve that supplies throttled and expanded refrigerant to an evaporator, an electromagnetic valve connected in series to the expansion valve, and a check valve that prevents backflow of refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator, and a release-to-atmosphere device is provided in low-pressure piping connected to the compressor, for allowing the refrigerant therein to be released into the atmosphere.

Abstract: A cryogenic gas is liquefied using a refrigeration system [101] thermally coupled at an evaporator [125] to a cold end of a gas supply system [103] within a dewar [116]. The refrigerator has a minimum temperature at an evaporator [125] above the boiling point of the gas at atmospheric pressure but below the boiling point of the gas at a high pressure. Thus, the gas is compressed [128] to high pressure so it condenses when cooled by the evaporator [125]. As it expands at a flow restrictor [148], a portion evaporates and cools a fraction to the temperature of the boiling point of the gas at atmospheric pressure, producing liquefied gas. Opening a purge valve [142] sends warm gas upward through heat exchange section [146] and out through a three-way valve [138] for defrosting. To reduce clogging, the gas supply valve [138] is controlled by a gas purity sensor [158].

Abstract: A process for the extraction and recovery of ethane and heavier hydrocarbons (C2+) from LNG. The process covered by this patent maximizes the utilization of the beneficial cryogenic thermal properties of the LNG to extract and recover C2+ form the LNG using a unique arrangement of heat exchange equipment, a cryogenic fractionation column and processing parameters that essentially eliminates (or greatly reduces) the need for gas compression equipment minimizing capital cost, fuel consumption and electrical power requirements.

Abstract: In order to provide a method of manufacturing a glass panel which, in time of a baking process, restrains an internal stress generated in both of glass plates (1, 2) to prevent a decline in strength, and restrains inorganic and organic substances remaining within a void (V) defined between the glass plates (1, 2) to prevent deterioration in quality, a method of manufacturing a glass panel comprises the steps of executing a joining process for joining the pair of glass plates (1, 2) opposed to each other across the void (V) at peripheries thereof by using a low melting point glass (4) in a melted condition, executing a baking process for suctioning gas from said void (V) through a suction portion disposed in said glass plates while heating said void (V) defined between the glass plates (1, 2), and sealing said suction portion to seal said void (V), wherein the gas is suctioned from said void (V) with said low melting point glass (4) being in a softened condition in which a coefficient of viscosity thereof is 1

Abstract: A multi-tube burner is provided which includes a cylindrical outermost nozzle and at least one cylindrical inner nozzle provided coaxially with the outermost nozzle to form annular jet openings for gases used to manufacture a glass preform. The angle between a center axis of an outer circumference of the outermost nozzle and a distal end portion of each of the inner nozzles is 90°± not more than 3°. Furthermore, the distance between the center axis of the outer circumference of the outermost nozzle and each of center axes of inner circumferences and outer circumferences of the inner nozzles is not more than 0.20 mm.

Abstract: A method utilizes a locking device that includes a shackle member having a shank with a latch portion and a stop at opposite ends. A locking head mounts in a locked state on the latch portion but is removable when unlocked. A sleeve is carried on the shank but is removable. The sleeve and the shank together define a size conversion structure for the shackle. When the sleeve is on the shank, the shackle has one operative thickness to closely fit one size aperture, but when the sleeve is removed, the shackle has another, smaller operative thickness to fit a smaller aperture. A retaining member may be employed to resist removal of the sleeve. Two or more sleeves may be used to fit more than two apertures. These can be separately mountable onto the shank or may be nested on the shank, one inside of the other.

Abstract: A lock device for a box includes a locking shaft, a lock shell, a lock core, a limiting unit, and a key. The lock shell has a surrounding shell wall that confines a core-receiving space, and that is formed with an insert hole in spatial communication with the core-receiving space to permit removable extension of the locking shaft into the core-receiving space. The lock core is disposed movably in the core-receiving space, and has a surrounding core wall that confines a key compartment and that is formed with a shaft engaging unit. The lock core is rotatable in the lock shell between locking position and unlocking positions. The limiting unit limits rotation of the lock core in the lock shell. The key is inserted removably into the key compartment and is operable so as to drive rotation of the lock core between the locking and unlocking positions.

Abstract: A lock (1) comprises an electronics module (6) which in response to receiving an authorisation signal from an electronic key (8) causes movement of handles (4a; 4b) to release a bolt (19) within aperture (3). Electronic module (6) is replaceable and is retained in place by a latch (16) that may be released by actuation of a mechanical lock (11).

Abstract: A device for electromagnetic high energy pulse deformation of workpieces of an electrically conductive material has a deformation tool including a coil carrier and at least two partial coils arranged on the coil carrier, at least one surge current generator to which the partial coils are connected so that magnetic fields of the partial coils superpose to form a resulting magnetic field which acts on the workpiece, the partial coils being formed as spiral coils which are formed identically with respect to inductivity, electrical resistance, winding number and forming, and each of the partial coils extending on the coil carrier from an inner starting point in an identical form and with a corresponding identical distance to a neighboring one of the partial coils in a spiral-shaped manner outwardly; and a method of electromagnetic high energy pulse deformation is proposed as well.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a rotating member having one or more rollers. The one or more rollers have a plurality of protuberances. The rollers may be advanced toward a surface during rotation of the rotating member, such as toward a bore surface. The protuberances are configured to make a pattern of discrete indentations in the surface upon engagement of the protuberances with the surface. The apparatus is particularly suited for creating oil-retention pockets in the surface of an engine cylinder and other uses. The apparatus may be used to create a pattern of oil-retention pockets or other pockets in a cylinder with varying pocket density in a single pass.

Abstract: By employing a Cr-plated mandrel bar for producing hot seamless tubes according to the present invention wherein centerline average roughness Ra in axial and circumferential directions as well as maximum depth Rv in axial and circumferential directions is specified and further maximum height Rp in axial and circumferential is specified, surface defects such as seizure unlikely generate in an elongation-rolling process by a mandrel mill so that the service life can be dramatically extended, thereby the remarkable reduction of tool cost can be achieved. Moreover, it contributes greatly to improve the inner surface quality of hot seamless tubes to be rolled by a mandrel mill rolling process. Also, the manufacturing method by the present invention makes it possible to efficiently manufacture Cr-plated mandrel bar for producing hot seamless tubes.

Abstract: A device for changing pairs of work rolls and/or pairs of backup rolls of roll stands, wherein the rolls are each supported in chocks and are movable out or in by a lower back up roll supported on a track and wheels. The work rolls on the drive side of the roll stand can be coupled to a hydraulic piston-cylinder actuator that is dimensioned in is stroke length for the removal or installation distance and can be uncoupled when it has been withdrawn by the required distance. A roll changing frame can be coupled to the actuator and, when the upper backup roll and the roll changing frame are supported on the lower backup roll, the pair of backup rolls can be moved out or back in. The actuator is coupled to a pusher with connecting arms aligned with ends of the rolls. The actuator is arranged on the drive side of the roll stand and is coupled to the pusher through a piston rod.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of manufacturing a chamber formation plate of a liquid ejection head. The chamber formation plate includes a first region formed with at least recess portions to be pressure generating chambers communicated with nozzles from which liquid droplets are ejected by pressure generated in the pressure generating chambers. A metal plate and a forging die are provided. A reference part is provided on the metal plate. The reference part defines a relative position between the first region and the forging die. At least one deformation absorber is provided at a second region of the metal plate where is between the first region and the reference part. At least one plastic working is performed by the forging die, with respect to the first region to form at least the recess portions, while plastic deformation of the metal plate caused by the plastic working is absorbed by the deformation absorber.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a hot-forming tool (1) having an upper die and a lower die (1a, 1b), the upper as well as the lower die (1a, 1b) each consisting of a base plate (2) having a forming cheek (3) fixed thereto and a core (4) which is also fixed to the base plate (2), and a duct system (5) for the guiding-through of a coolant being constructed between the core (4) and the backside of the forming cheek (3) facing the core (4). In this case, at least the forming cheeks (3) are constructed as cast parts. As a result of this manufacturing method relating to the forming cheeks (2) (3? translator), the manufacturing costs of the hot-forming tool (1) can be significantly lowered because a high-expenditure mechanical cutting machining of the forming cheeks is only still required in the area of the mounting surfaces (3a) as well as the mutually facing exterior sides (3b).

Abstract: Work hardened sheets of formable metal are annealed by thermal conduction and heated to a forming temperature. In a preferred embodiment, the sheet is placed on a flat surface of a heated lower platen to partially heat and soften the sheet and an opposing heated upper platen is brought close enough to the sheet to contribute heat but not to constrain the sheet as it expands. The platens are then both brought close to the sheet to heat it to its forming temperature largely by thermal conduction.

Abstract: A compression connector crimp die is disclosed. The crimp die includes a first section and a second section. The first section connects the crimp die to a compression connector tool, and the second section is connected to the first section for crimping the connector. The first section also includes a locator mounted thereon.

Abstract: The invention provides a mechanical press apparatus for both single and double uses which can press mold a large-sized blank at a high pressure by employing a single action use aspect while being of a double action type. In a mechanical press apparatus provided with a drive portion (14) which moves upward and downward an outer slide (8) and an inner slide (9) arranged in an inner side of the outer slide at a predetermined timing, an elevating plate (10) is fixed to a lower end surface of the outer slide (8) so as to oppose to a lower surface of the inner slide (9), and the lower surface is provided with an upper die (7) and a lower die (3) positioned at a lower surface thereof so as to press. Further, an upper surface portion of the elevating plate (10) is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder (11) contracted by a pressing force at a time when the inner slide (9) moves downward.

Abstract: A wedge driving tool for cutting and/or non-cutting shaping of a sheet metal workpiece in a press includes a mould- and/or tool-bearing working slider, which may be displaced between a slider bed and a driver at a predetermined angle. For obtaining a working slider which may be continuously angularly adjusted, segmental disks are in each case arranged on both sides of the working slider in a continuously movable manner with respect to an angle of rotation, in each case, on the slider bed and the driver or on the working slider and the driver. The segmental disks, in each case, being arranged in pairs on an axis of rotation, are non-rotatably mutually connected along their chord-type boundaries such that corresponding straight-line guides, particularly for the working slider, are arranged in these connections.

Abstract: A battery powered hydraulic tool including a frame; a battery connected to the frame; a motor connected to the frame and adapted to be powered by the battery; and a hydraulic pump connected to the motor by a gear reduction transmission. The motor and gear reduction transmission are adapted to output a torque of the least about 160 oz-in with the gear reduction transmission being adapted to provide a gear reduction of between about 8:1 to about 15:1 or less, and the hydraulic pump being adapted to output at least about 6000 psi of pressure or more.

Abstract: A metal rod guide (30) supports a metal rod (1) that can be inclined at an arbitrary angle, the support is instantaneously released to produce a free fall state, and during the release period, a first end surface (2) of the metal rod is impacted by a projectile (3) at the same angle as the metal rod, generating an elastic wave pulse in the metal rod. A direct current acceleration sensor (23) detects an acceleration arising when the elastic wave pulse reflects at the other end surface (22) of the metal rod. A strain gauge (25) provided on a side surface of the metal rod and/or a laser interferometer (24) measure strain and end surface motion and the measured values are processed to obtain a frequency response of the direct current acceleration sensor and measure frequency characteristics of the direct current acceleration sensor.

Abstract: A sensor module having a heating structure and a sensor element is described. The heating structure surrounds the sensor element so that heat dissipation through a frame is largely prevented. This yields a greater measuring accuracy of the sensor module. In particular, interfering influences due to a temperature dissipation through the mount frame are thereby prevented.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for detecting a water leak in a locomotive engine cooling system comprising numerous components, each being a potential source of leakage of water. The method typically comprises performing at least one inspection providing an indication of a water leak from an engine cooling system of the locomotive. The step of performing at least one inspection may comprise at least one of several steps including performing a visual inspection to determine if water is leaking from a portion of the cooling system external to the engine; performing a visual inspection of exhaust of the engine to detect an indication of water vapor in the exhaust; performing a visual inspection to detect an indication of water leaking into an intake air manifold 30 of the engine; performing an engine oil analysis to detect water in the engine lubricant; reviewing a fault log history for the locomotive; and checking a level of a cooling system sight glass.

Abstract: A vacuum leakage detecting device includes a process chamber for performing processes, a fluid valve, and a dry pump. The device further includes a helium gas sensor to detect helium gas in order to check vacuum leaks in potential external leak points.

Abstract: A concentrating column useful for elemental analysis of trace metals consists mainly of column body, filtration membranes 6 fixed at the fluid inlet end and the outlet end of the column body, and column packing 8 packed inside the column body, wherein column packing 8 is prepared from the swollen and cleaned macroporous adsorbent resin of high, medium or non-polarity treated with a mixture of 3 mol/L NH4OH-1 mol/L HAC-3.0˜6.0×10?4 mol/L pyridin-(2-azo-4-)resorcin or a mixture of 0.5 mol/L Na2HPO4-1.0˜2.0×10?4 mol/L pyridin-(2-azo-4-)resorcin by dynamic on-column treatment or static immersion treatment. Two types of sample processing devices useful for elemental analysis of trace metals are provided with concentrating column employing the above-mentioned column packing.

Abstract: A digital system for controlling the quality factor in a resonant device. The resonant device can be any mechanically driven resonant device, but more particularly can be a device that includes a cantilever within its system, such as an atomic force microscope. The quality factor can be digitally controlled to avoid noise effect in the analog components. One of the controls can use a direct digital synthesizer implemented in a way that provides access to the output of the phase accumulator. That output is a number which usually drives eight lookup table to produce a cosine or sign output wave. The output wave is created, but the number is also adjusted to form a second number of the drives a second lookup table to create an adjustment factor. The adjustment factor is used to adjusts the output from the cosine table, to create an adjusted digital signal. The adjusted digital signal than drives a DA converter which produces an output drive for the cantilever.

Abstract: After a reference pressure using a reference hole is measured, a pressure in an evaporation path is measured. An ECU conducts failure diagnosis using, as a determination pressure for diagnosing presence/absence of a failure, a value obtained by correcting the reference pressure using the reference hole in a manner lowering the same by a predetermined amount, taking into account pressure lowering in the evaporation path due to condensation of fuel vapor at the time of adsorption in a canister when a vapor concentration in the evaporation path is high.

Abstract: When a purge amount while an engine is running is a first purge amount and the purge amount before failure diagnosis is larger than a required purge amount, an amount adsorbed in a canister before the failure diagnosis is executed is smaller than a predetermined determination value. Accordingly, an ECU executes the failure diagnosis. When the purge amount while the engine is running is a second purge amount and the purge amount before the failure diagnosis is equal to or smaller than the required purge amount, the amount adsorbed in the canister before the failure diagnosis is equal to or larger than the predetermined determination value. Accordingly the ECU does not execute the failure diagnosis. The required purge amount used for determining whether or not the failure diagnosis can be executed is determined according to the temperature before the failure diagnosis.