Abstract: A communication node comprises a receiver for receiving packets and a routing device for routing the received packets to one of two output ports. For each output port, the communication node further comprises a classifier for classifying a received packet based on its traffic characteristic and storing that packet in a corresponding queue for that traffic characteristic, and a concatenated packets preparer for concatenating n received packets from each queue to form a concatenated packet to be transmitted by the associated output port, where the maximum of n is determined based on the traffic characteristic of the associated queue.

Abstract: A method for establishing an end-to-end virtual circuit is provided. The method includes establishing a permanent virtual circuit between customer premises equipment and a digital subscriber line access multiplexer. The method further includes embedding information for a permanent virtual connection between a switch and a remote node in a packet transmitted over a static connection in a network. Finally, the method includes establishing a permanent virtual circuit between the switch and the remote node based on the embedded information.

Abstract: A switch module for a communication network switch comprises first and second switching units each for communicating with one or more network communication interfaces, and a switch interface connected to each of the first and second switching units and having a pair of communication ports for enabling data to be transferred on to a local communication path which is connected between the local communication ports.

Abstract: To address the need for a communication infrastructure and method for preserving bandwidth when IP messaging is used, the present invention provides for the transmission of information without an IP header and for the subsequent generation of such a header as a message is processed by the infrastructure.

Abstract: A bridged virtual LAN (VLAN) has a number of segments connected by a connection-based network such as an ATM network. Multicast data originating in a first one of the segments is carried to two or more other segments by a point-to-multipoint virtual channel configured in the connection-based network. A separate point-to-point virtual channel may be provided for other data and bidirectional control signals. The segments may be ethernet segments with data flow over the point-to-multipoint virtual channel being unidirectional. Ethernet frames may be carried by a protocol such as AAL5.

Abstract: When a gateway server GWS receives an access demand to an IP server from a cellular phone MS via a mobile packet communication network MPN, the gateway server acquires information corresponding to a hostname included in the access demand from a primary conversion table T1. When the obtained information is a wide area IP address, gateway server GWS relays the access demand to a IP server on the Internet INET on the basis of the wide area IP address. When the obtained information is identification of a closed area network, gateway server GWS further acquires a closed area IP address corresponding to the hostname included in the access demand and relays the access demand to a IP server on the basis of the closed area IP address in the LAN corresponding to the identification of the closed area network.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of setting up a call matching a predetermined set of requested services and/or characteristics over a network, optionally a network that is composite and multi-component. The method is characterized in that it consists in subdividing said network into a plurality of domains, with a negotiator unit being associated with each domain, in sending to at least one negotiator unit a call setup request together with a set of parameters defining the services and/or characteristics associated with the call to be set up, and, where appropriate, in setting up the call after determining the appropriate available resources in the various domains concerned and selecting resources providing the best possible match with said set of services and/or characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for scheduling message processing. The present invention provides a scheduling mechanism, or scheduler (602), that receives messages (608) and stores the messages (610 or 614) in a first queue (604) or a second queue (606) based, in part, on various criteria associated with the messages. The criteria include message attributes, such as message priority, virtual private network (“VPN”) classification and destination software function. The first queue (604) can be a first-in-first-out queue, and the second queue (606) can be a multi-dimensional queue. The scheduler (602) then schedules the queued messages (612 or 616) for processing based, in part, on various operating criteria (618), such as historical operating data, current operating data and anti-starvation criteria. In addition, the scheduler (602) can be programmed to function in a variety of operating modes.

Abstract: A device and method of controlling a de-jitter buffer, and specifically the nominal delay thereof. The nominal delay is adjusted based on delay information associated with a network in which the de-jitter buffer is located. The nominal delay is maintained between a minimum and maximum nominal delay, and is adjusted based on the probability that a packet will arrive outside a predetermined delay interval.

Abstract: A cross-bar switch includes a set of input ports to accept data packets and a set of sink ports in communication with the input ports to forward the data packets. Each sink port includes a communications link interface with a Retry input. When a signal is asserted on the Retry input, the sink port aborts transmission of a data packet and waits a predetermined period of time to retransmit the data packet.

Abstract: Arbitration for a switch fabric (e.g., an input-buffered switch fabric) is performed. For a first port, a link subset from a set of links associated with the first port is determined. Each link from the link subset is associated with its own candidate packet and is associated with its own weight value. A link from the link subset for the first port is selected based on the weight value associated with each link from the link subset for the first port. For a second port, a link subset from a set of links associated with the second port is determined. Each link from the link subset associated with the second port is associated with its own candidate packet and is associated with its own weight value. The determining for the second port is performed in parallel with the determining for the first port. A link from the link subset for the second port is selected based on the weight value associated with each link from the link subset of associated with the second port.

Abstract: A high speed wireless network for the access market where a scheduling algorithm adjusts the ratio of two contention modes used to allocate bandwidth from the Hub. The two contention modes, request and grant mode and contention mode, are utilized so that contention is greater when the system is lightly loaded and seamlessly decreases as the system becomes heavily loaded.

Abstract: The invention relates to an enhanced ADSL Data Network (ADN) with vertical services capabilities. In general, vertical services capabilities are data services offered directly from a central office to an end user, without compromising the integrity of the user's guaranteed bit rate to the Internet through the ADN. One such vertical service is content downloadable at a high data rate from a content server located in or proximate to a central office that serves the end user. The content of the local server is updated and upgraded periodically and systematically from a central content server that distributes content to a number of remote central offices. The content is distributed between the central content server and the respective local content servers using available bandwidth, that is to say bandwidth on at least certain network links that is unused by subscriber traffic.

Abstract: Time-based grooming and degrooming methods and systems of data units that utilize a common time reference is disclosed. Time is divided into a plurality of contiguous periodic time frames with a plurality of time frame durations. The system and method enable the grooming and switching of data units from a plurality of low speed links into one or more high-speed links. The system and method further enable the grooming and switching of data units from one or more high-speed links into a plurality of low speed links. The plurality of data units that are contained in each of the time frames are forwarded in a pipelined manner through the network switches. The system operates with high-speed wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) links, i.e., with multiple lambdas. The outcome of this method is called fractional lambda grooming.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer-readable media for aligning n data signals received over a parallel bus, each of the n data signals comprising a training pattern, wherein n is at least two, comprises delaying each of the n data signals in accordance with a corresponding analog delay signal, thereby providing n corresponding delayed data signals; providing each of the corresponding analog delay signals based on the training pattern in the respective delayed data signal; delaying each of the delayed data signals by m bit times in accordance with a corresponding digital delay signal, thereby providing n corresponding aligned data signals, wherein m is greater than, or equal to, zero; and providing each of the corresponding digital delay signals based on the training pattern in the corresponding delayed data signal.

Abstract: A source selection system for a communication switch for selecting a primary datasource from a plurality of datasources is provided. The system includes a validation module associated with the plurality of datasources adapted to monitor each datasource of the plurality of datasources for transmission errors in output originating from each datasource and adapted to provide information relating to the transmission errors. The system also includes a source selector associated with the validation module and the plurality of datasources, the source selector adapted to select an output datasource from the plurality of datasources. The system further includes an assessment module associated with the validation module adapted to identify the primary datasource from the plurality of datasources utilizing the information provided by the validation module and adapted to cause the source selector to select the output datasource associated with the primary datasource.

Abstract: A directly pumped, un-sensitized, holmium, quasi-two level fiber laser is disclosed that is doped with Holmium active ions between 0.1 and 2.0 percent by atomic weight. This yields greater energy efficiency from the laser because up-conversion losses are minimized, mismatches created by sensitizer ions are eliminated by having no sensitizer ions, and thermal loading of the fiber medium of the laser is thereby reduced. In addition, the pump ratio of the fiber laser is 0.9 which yields a very low quantum defect. The low doping percentage of holmium active ions also eliminates any absorption of its own energy because the power of the diode pumping source is sufficient to cause the laser to reach transparency.

Abstract: An optical amplifier and a laser generator based on the fiber side-polished technology, having a high pumping efficiency, a low noise figure and a small footprint are provided in this application. The optical amplifier and the laser, which have a very long effective interaction length in conjunction with highly doped Erbium glass attached to its surface and an addition of a slanted fiber grating inscribed in the guiding core at the polished region can spatially separate the signal and pump power to simultaneously improve the pumping efficiency and optimize the penetrated depth of the signal evanescent-field. The spontaneous emission is kept from being amplified and therefore a high quality amplified signal is produced.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion apparatus in which output direction of a wavelength-converted laser beam, having a wavelength converted by a nonlinear optical crystal and emitted through an output-window, can be brought close to the direction of optical axis of the laser beam passing through the nonlinear optical crystal. In addition, axial deviation of the wavelength-converted laser beam converted by the nonlinear optical crystal and emitted through an output-window, can be reduced when the position of the nonlinear optical crystal is moved. The output facet of the nonlinear optical crystal is inclined at Brewster's angle with respect to the wavelength-converted laser beam. An output-window of a case containing the nonlinear optical crystal has a prism form in which the distance between a laser beam input facet and a laser beam output facet of the output-window is reduced along a direction in which the wavelength-converted laser beam, emitted from the nonlinear optical crystal, inclines.

Abstract: A laser drilling system for flexible printed circuit board includes a first mirror, a second mirror, a laser crystal, a third harmonic generator and a second harmonic generator. The first mirror and the second mirror are spaced apart and defined a resonator cavity therebetween. The laser crystal is disposed in the resonator cavity for generating a fundamental laser beam. The third harmonic generator and the second harmonic generator are disposed the resonator cavity. A fundamental laser beam is directed to the second harmonic generator for generating a second harmonic laser beam, the fundamental laser beam and the second laser harmonic laser beam is directed to the third harmonic generator for generating a third harmonic laser beam, the third harmonic laser beam is output from the resonator cavity. A laser drilling method for flexible printed circuit board is also provided.

Abstract: A laser system based on a common platform capable of being tailored to meet specific application requirements through simple and flexible means is disclosed. The output beam characteristics of the laser source are fully determined by a plug-in module that can be easily replaced on demand to modify one or more of those output beam characteristics. A connection module provides a robust, flexible and detachable connection between the common laser platform and the plug-in module, thus ensuring stable and well defined laser output beam without precluding on demand adjustment of its characteristics. Several embodiments are disclosed for a laser system with single or multiple output beams both with similar or dissimilar characteristics.

Abstract: External cavity optical transmitters are disclosed which include a gain chip and a mirror that define an optical cavity. The transmitters further include a modulator operated at or near the same temperature as the gain chip. In some examples, the optical transmitters are temperature controlled to optimize the efficiency and wavelength stability thereof, while maintaining acceptable chirp performance of the modulator. In some examples, the optical transmitters include an electro-optic module disposed within the optical cavity to change the path length thereof so that the efficiency and wavelength stability of the transmitter is optimized.

Abstract: Anti-reflective coatings may be used on laser high index gain media to mitigate reflection. An absentee layer may be used to compliment the antireflective coating to improve its antireflective performance over a broader range of wavelengths. The absentee layer comprises a material having a higher index of refraction than that of the gain media and has a thickness corresponding to multiple halfwave thicknesses related to the center wavelength output by the laser.

Abstract: DBR mirrors, and vertical cavity surface emitting lasers that incorporate such mirrors, comprised of stacked, multiple levels of different materials having different etching rates for a selected etchant and etching method. Such DBRs are fabricated by etching an upper level(s) down to a lower level(s) to form a pillar or trenched structure, beneficially having an aperture, that has predetermined optical characteristics. When part of a vertical cavity surface emitting laser, a lower level can include an ion-implanted region that optionally extends into an active region and into a bottom DBR.

Abstract: The invention relates to a semiconductor laser of the surface emitting type. In order to provide a semiconductor laser which can be operated at normal ambient temperatures and has stable long-term characteristics, the semiconductor laser comprises an active zone having a pn transition, a first n-doped semiconductor layer on the n side of the active zone, a structured tunnel contact on the p side of the active zone, which forms a conductive transition to a second n-doped semiconductor layer on the p-side of the active zone, a structured dielectric mirror, which is applied to the second n-doped semiconductor layer, a contact layer, which forms a contact with the second n-doped semiconductor layer at the places where the dielectric mirror is not applied, and a diffusion barrier between the contact layer and the second n-doped semiconductor layer.

Abstract: Resonant cavity diode, operating at the same wavelength for emission and detection of light. This diode is particularly applicable to telecommunications and comprises a resonant cavity (12) delimited by two mirrors (8, 16) and containing an active medium (14) and at least two insulating and coaxial rings (24, 30, 32) with the same inside diameter and the same outside diameter, the total thickness of the rings being provided such that the optical length of the resonant cavity is k×? (k?2), in the part of this cavity that passes through the rings, and is (k?1)×? in the part containing these rings, where ? is the wavelength at which the diode is capable of emitting and detecting.

Abstract: A laser gain device (10) holds a laser slab (60) which is pumped by pump energy from at least one diode array assembly (24). An angle at which pump energy from the diode array assembly (24) impinges the laser slab (60) is adjustable via angle adjustment means. The laser slab (60) is mounted between edge bars (62, 64) which have laser slab spacers (84) extending therethrough, allowing laser slabs (60) of different widths to be mounted within the laser gain device (10). One or more pump energy shields (88, 90) are used to control the amount of pump energy entering the laser slab (60), and cooling liquid conduits (100) are provided throughout components of the laser gain device (10), serving to conductively cool a heat shield (12).

Abstract: A laser device capable of efficiently oscillating laser light and always obtaining a stable beam form is provided. For this purpose, in the laser device including an amplifying section (18) in which a laser medium is amplified to oscillate laser light (11), and an optical element for separating part of the laser light (11) oscillated, and shaping a beam form of the laser light (11) into a desired form to output the same, wherein the optical element has at least either one of a partial reflecting portion (26) for partially reflecting the laser light (11) or a non-reflective portion (28) for transmitting the laser light (11) at high transmissivity, each of which is provided on approximately a center portion, and a total reflecting portion (27) which is provided outside a perimeter of the partial reflecting portion (26) or the non-reflective portion (28), and which reflects the laser light (11) at high reflectivity.

Abstract: A magneto-optic variable optical attenuator is provided that is used to control the intensity of a light signal. The optical attenuator includes at least one polarizing element having an optical polarization axis, wherein the polarizing element transmits a portion of an incident light signal proportional to the angular difference between an optical polarization axis of the incident light signal and that of the polarizing element. The optical attenuator also comprises a variable faraday rotator that includes a semi-transparent material, a magnetic material for applying a magnetic force to a light signal that is passed through the semi-transparent material, and a conductive wire configured to induce a magnetic field on the magnetic material. In various embodiments, the optical attenuator is employed as part of a laser package that includes a laser light source and a plurality of polarizing elements, which are in optical communication with a faraday rotator and/or a variable faraday rotator.

Abstract: In a mobile radio terminal at transmission timing control device, transmit data spread-modulated is delayed by a timing control portion with a timing of reception as a reference by a predetermined period of time having based on a unit time corresponding to a chip clock and it is then provided to a filtering portion. The filtering portion limits the transmit data in band and a timing control portion times transmission with a slight adjustment with an oversampling clock, a quadruple in frequency of the chip clock, serving as a unit time. In a mobile radio terminal at a digital roll-off filter, input digital data is held in accordance with a data period by a shift register successively. A counter counts in accordance with an oversampling period of 1/m and it is reset in accordance with a data period.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a frame transmission period in a CDMA mobile communication system supporting a discontinuous transmission mode. A first frame detector performs primary frame detection by calculating a signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) using traffic symbol energy, pilot symbol energy and noise energy measured for a predetermined time period, and comparing the SIR with a predetermined frame detection threshold value. A decoder calculates a symbol error rate (SER) by decoding symbols received for the predetermined time period. A second frame detector selects an SER threshold value according to frame detection information from the first frame detector, and compares the selected SER threshold value with the SER to determine whether a frame has been transmitted.

Abstract: Method and apparatus to compute the combiner coefficients for wireless communication systems using an adaptive algorithm. One embodiment trains the weights on a signal known a priori that is time multiplexed with other signals, such as a pilot signal in a High Data Rate, HDR, system, wherein the signal is transmitted at full power. The adaptive algorithm recursively computes the weights during the pilot interval and applies the weights generated to the traffic signals. In one embodiment, the algorithm is a recursive least squares algorithm employing a transversal filter and weight calculation unit.

Abstract: In a CDMA receiver for applying despread processing to direct wave or delayed waves that arrive via each path of multiple paths, applying synchronous detection processing to the despread signals obtained, combining the detection signals of respective paths and discriminating the received data on the basis of the combined signal, (1) a weighting unit provided for every path measures power of delayed received waves that arrive via its own path and, if the reception power is less than a set level (breakpoint level), subjects an output signal to weighting conforming to the reception power; (2) a RAKE combiner combines signals output from the weighting units of the respective paths; and (3) a data discrimination unit discriminates receive data based upon the output signal of the combiner.

Abstract: Data is transferred in a wireless communication system, such as a wireless spread spectrum communication system. Data is encoded to produce a plurality of data streams. For each of a plurality of transmitting antennas, the data streams are used to produce a vector for transmission. Each transmission vector is transmitted by its transmitting antenna through a wireless air interface experiencing multipath. Multipath components from each transmitted transmission vector are received by a plurality of receiving antennas. The received multiplath components are equalized to recover the transmission vectors. The data is recovered from the recovered transmission vectors.

Abstract: An ADSL transceiver hybrid circuit uses one or more isolated couplers (optical couplers, capacitors, or the like) configured to minimize the transmit signal component in the receive signal path by providing an isolated transmit signal feedback, thereby providing echo cancellation, isolating the telephone loop from the analog front end, and eliminating the need for a complex high-pass filter. The ADSL transceiver provides isolation and echo cancellation by: (a) generating a signal within the analog loop (e.g., telephone loop, or “local loop”) corresponding to a differential transmit signal; (b) receiving a composite signal from the analog loop corresponding to the sum of the transmit signal generated on the analog loop and the receive signal; (c) producing an isolated transmit signal (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a circuitry for estimating data transmission rate in a communication system. The communication system utilizes variable data transmission rates. A transmission signal between two stations of the system includes a plurality of data symbols over a sequence of data frames. A data frame of a received transmission signal is classified in accordance with a predefined classification of the data transmission rates, whereafter the data transmission rate of the received data frame is estimated on basis of said classification.

Abstract: A digital signal transmission system using a digital modulation system comprising a digital signal transmitter having a first digital signal processing unit and a digital signal receiver receiving a digital signal from the transmitter, wherein the digital signal receiver comprising a second digital signal processing unit for processing the digital signal from the transmitter and outputting a digital demodulated signal and a correlation value signal, a signal converter coupled with the second digital signal processing unit and supplied the correlation value signal therefrom for generating a waveform indicating a transmission condition including a main wave in response to the correlation value signal, and a display coupled with the signal converter for displaying the waveform indicating a transmission condition in the digital transmission system.

Abstract: A method of equalizer adaptation involves comparing equalizer output values with a center threshold, and with at least one of a pair of outer thresholds, and adapting the equalizer in order to increase the degree of eye opening. The values of the outer thresholds are adapted such that a fixed proportion of equalizer output values lie between the outer thresholds, and the equalizer coefficients are adapted such the separation of the outer thresholds is increased. The equalizer coefficients are adapted on the basis of equalizer output values which lie between the pair of outer thresholds.

Abstract: An equalizer, consisting of a plurality of taps, each tap having a multiplier which is coupled to multiply a respective input sample by a respective coefficient, the taps being arranged in sequence so that the input sample to each of the taps, except to a first tap in the sequence, is delayed relative to a preceding tap in the sequence. The equalizer further includes an input selector, which is coupled to toggle the input sample to at least a selected tap among the plurality of taps, responsive to a state of the equalizer, so that the equalizer operates in a first state as a feed forward equalizer, and in a second state as a blind equalizer.

Abstract: A method and system reduces the spatial resolution of a compressed bitstream of a sequence of frames of a video signal by first decoding the frames, and storing the decoded frames in a first frame buffer. While performing the decoding, motion compensating is performed with full resolution motion vectors of the stored decoded frames. The decoded frames are then down-sampled to a reduced resolution, and stored in a second frame buffer. The reduced resolution frames are partially encoded to produce a reduced resolution compressed bitstream of the video. While performing the partial encoding, motion compensation is performed with reduced resolution motion vectors of the stored reduced resolution frames.

Abstract: A method to predict visual quality of a DCT (discrete cosine transform) based compressed image or video stream without referring to its source. When applied to an MPEG video stream, the method is based on (1) an estimation of quantization errors using MPEG quantization scales and statistics of the inverse quantized DCT coefficients, (2) a blind estimation of the 8×8 and 16×16 blocking effect, and (3) an adaptive combination of the quantization error estimation and the blocking effect estimation using the MPEG motion vector information. The method may be used in many applications, such as network video servers, switches and multiplexers for automatic quality monitoring and control of video services, video encoders, decoders, transcoders, and statistical multiplexers for picture quality optimization.

Abstract: A method for performing motion estimation comprising the steps of (a) determining one or more first vectors representative of a displacement of a first block of a first image in a second image and (b) determining one or more second vectors representative of a displacement of the first block in the second image and a first sub-block and second sub-block of the first block based upon the one or more first vectors, a plurality of error scores, and a combination of the plurality of error scores.

Abstract: Frames constituting an input moving picture are extracted by a frame extraction unit, the extracted frames are compared and scene changes in the moving picture are discriminated by a scene-change discrimination unit. Scene-change information relating to specific scene changes is stored in a scene-change information storage unit. An image corresponding to a scene that is the object of a search is designated from a pattern-image designation unit. The designated image is compared with scene-change frames obtained by referring to the scene-change information that has been stored in the scene-change storage unit, and a scene corresponding to the image is extracted by a scene extraction unit based upon results of the comparison.

Abstract: Various apparatus, systems, and articles including a machine-accessible medium, along with methods of processing and transferring audio-video content, are disclosed. The apparatus may include a resampler to receive and transform an original data stream into a sampled data stream; a first encoder to produce a first playback data stream by encoding the sampled data stream; and a second encoder to produce a second playback data stream by encoding the original data stream. Alternatively, the apparatus may include an encoder to receive and encode the original data stream into a second playback data stream; a memory to store the second playback data stream; a decoder to provide a final playback data stream by receiving and decoding the second playback data stream; and a resampler to receive and transform the final playback data stream into a sampled data stream, which the encoder receives and encodes into a first playback data stream.

Abstract: This invention is a method of encoding intra frames when encoding a motion picture. A set of intra frame prediction modes includes a low-complexity subset. A probability table relates the prediction mode of adjacent sub-blocks to the prediction mode of the current sub-block. For each combination of adjacent sub-blocks, the probability table includes a list of prediction modes in order of expected occurrence. The probability table is adjusted so that each list for prediction modes within the low-complexity subset include initial prediction modes of the low-complexity subset. Individual sub-blocks of intra frames are predictively coded in a low-complexity encoding the using the low-complexity subset or in a high-complexity encoding using any prediction mode. This permits a low-complexity decoder responsive to only the low-complexity subset.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a system and method for rate control of MPEG video streams to achieve a target bit rate in a transcoder at the best visual quality possible. The invention monitors video buffer fullness for selecting the amount of rate reduction necessary to achieve a target bit rate. The invention also utilizes a method for selective requantization of DCT coefficients to assure visual quality.

Abstract: A decoding apparatus comprises a variable length decoder that decodes zero-run length and nonzero coefficient, an inverse quantizer that inverse-quantizes the nonzero coefficient, a zero-run reconstruction processor that reconstruct zero coefficients, a FIFO memory that store the zero-run length data and nonzero coefficients, an inverse discrete cosine transformer that subjects the coefficients to an inverse discrete cosine transformation, and a motion compensator that subjects the transformed result to a motion compensation.

Abstract: A moving picture encoding system capable of bit rate control, by which moving pictures are encoded while maintaining high quality even when there are substantial changes in the size of objects and the characteristics of texture is provided. A predictive area calculating parameter extracting means obtains a predictive area calculating parameter to describe a function that indicates temporal variations in the area based on the history of the area data of an object. Besides, a bit number model parameter calculating means finds a bit number model parameter to describe a parameter for a bit number model used in modeling the generated bit number per unit area. A target bit number calculating means estimates a predictive value of the generated bit number for the uncoded VOPs based on the predictive area calculating parameter and the predictive bit number calculating parameter, and accordingly, allocates the remaining allocatable bits to decide a target bit number for the next VOP to be encoded.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a temporal compressor and decompressor for sequences of images. The compressor includes an interface for receiving the sequence of images. A spatial compressor generates spatially compressed image fields from the sequence of images, a data compression decoder generates data decompressed image fields from the spatially compressed image fields, a temporal processor generates temporal processed image fields from the data decompressed image fields, a data compressor encoder generates data compressed image fields from the temporal processed image fields, and a data formatter generates formatted compressed image fields.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention comprise systems and methods for quantization or dequantization of data related to video wherein reduced bit depth intermediate calculations are enabled.