Abstract: Described is a method of image dissection that utilizes random, non-rectangular scan patterns and irregular size and shape picture elements. To do this, matched faceplates would be cut from a fused scrambled fiber optic bundle with fibers of random diameters and cross sections. One faceplate would be placed in contact with the imager focal plane surface. The other faceplate would be placed in contact with the light-emitting surface of the display device. Thus, the images input and output from the imaging system of the invention would match. A video link would connect the focal plane imager and the raster scan display. The raster scan would be accomplished in a random manner so as to provide the best quality refresh rate and image.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polygon mirror scanner device, used as a rotor, having a plurality of mirror faces on the outer peripheral face of a mirror member having a substantially tubular shape, with a tubular magnet adhered to the lower inner peripheral face of the mirror member. A depression is uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral face, at a position opposite the mirror faces, such that a gap forms between the magnet and the inner peripheral face when the magnet is at a predetermined positioned. An adhesive agent is provided at the upper end and lower end of the magnet, but not in the gap. When the mirror faces are two-tiered, the upper end of the magnet is located at substantially an intermediate position in the height direction of the two-tier mirror faces.

Abstract: A micro mirror device and an array thereof are disclosed wherein an outer frame is formed at a position distanced from a mirror plate, thereby reducing a dynamic deformation of the mirror plate, preventing degradation of beam reflected from the mirror plate, and enabling to maintain a balance of the mirror plate. A frame structure supporting a diaphragm of a mirror plate is made to be thinner as it is distanced from a central axis of the mirror plate, thereby reducing a dynamic deformation of the mirror plate to a great extent and embodying the lightness of the device.

Abstract: An improved oscillation scan mirror assembly comprises a shaft, a holder having a bearing with a bearing surface supporting the holder on the shaft, a scan mirror secured to the holder. The holder and therefore the mirror are oscillatable around the shaft under an oscillating driving force, and bearing and the shaft is prevented from being tilt from each other. Preferably, a lateral retaining force is provided to constantly keep the bearing and the shaft in an aligned contact with each other. Since the relative tilting between bearing and the shaft is prevented, the vertical wobble or vibration of bearing, and therefore of the holder and the mirror, relative to the shaft is therefore suppressed.

Abstract: An optical beam scanner includes a driving unit rotating a rotary polygon mirror that deflects and scans an optical beam; a rotation position detection unit; a rotation control unit controlling the driving unit in accordance with a rotation reference signal and an output signal of the rotation position detection unit; an optical beam detection unit detecting the optical beam at a predetermined position on a scanning path so as to generate a horizontal synchronizing signal; a first timing generation unit generating a first reference timing so as to print a first surface; a second timing generation unit generating a second reference timing so as to print a second surface; a timing measurement unit measuring a counter value according to the horizontal synchronizing signal; and a phase control unit controlling a phase of the rotation reference signal in accordance with the counter value obtained by the timing measurement unit.

Abstract: An exterior mirror assembly includes a mirror member, a housing and a light member. The mirror member is supported in the housing. The light member is attached to the housing to radiate light, having a luminous body and a lens mask configured to cover the luminous body. The housing has an outermost portion which lies outwardly furthest with respect to a width direction of a vehicle. The light member is disposed inside of the outermost portion with respect to a width direction of the vehicle and the lens mask is formed so that its shape smoothly continues to the outermost portion. A projection is formed on the lens mask so that a surface of the projection is inside of the outermost portion with respect to a width direction of the vehicle.

Abstract: An optical encoder includes a cylindrical reflective scale, a point light source for irradiating the reflective scale, and light-receiving elements for receiving the light beams reflected by the reflective scale. The pitch of the reflective scale is set to an appropriate value such that the pitch of interference fringes formed by light beams that are reflected by the reflective scale is matched to the pitch of the light-receiving elements at a position with a desired gap.

Abstract: An electromechanical dynamic force profile articulating mechanism for recovering or emulating true parallel plate capacitor actuation behaviors from deformable membranes used in MEMS systems. The curved deformation of flexible membranes causes their MEMS behavior to deviate from known interactions between rigid plates that maintain geometric parallelism during ponderomotive actuation.

Abstract: A projector includes: a light source device, a color-separating optical system for separating a light beam irradiated by the light source device into a plurality of color light components, a plurality of optical modulators for modulating each of the separated color light components in accordance with image information, a color-combining optical device for combining optical images modulated by the plurality of optical modulators and a projection optical device for projecting the combined optical images in an enlarged manner. An optical filter that reflects a predetermined spectral component of the light beam and transmits the other spectral component is disposed in an optical path between the light source device and the optical modulators The optical filter is disposed such that a light-irradiation side surface for irradiating the light beam is inclined by a predetermined angle relative to a plane orthogonal to an optical axis of the light beam.

Abstract: A method of making an optical element including forming an at least partial coating of at least one at least partially aligned thermally reversible photochromic-dichroic compound on at least a portion of a substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a composite optical element including: a substrate; an at least partially ordered polymeric sheet connected to at least a portion of the substrate; and at least one thermally reversible photochromic-dichroic compound that is at least partially aligned with at least a portion of the at least partially ordered polymeric sheet and has an average absorption ratio greater than 2.3 in the activated state.

Abstract: A method of making a composite element including: forming a sheet of an at least partially ordered liquid crystal polymer having at least a first general direction, a liquid crystal material having at least a second general direction distributed within at least a portion of the liquid crystal polymer; and at least one photochromic-dichroic compound that is at least partially aligned with at least a portion of the liquid crystal material; and connecting at least a portion of the sheet to at least a portion of an optical substrate to form the composite element.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for solar conversion using nanocoax structures are disclosed herein. A nano-optics apparatus for use as a solar cell comprising a plurality of nano-coaxial structures comprising an internal conductor surrounded by a semiconducting material coated with an outer conductor; a film having the plurality of nano-coaxial structures; and a protruding portion of the an internal conductor extending beyond a surface of the film. A method of fabricating a solar cell comprising: coating a substrate with a catalytic material; growing a plurality of carbon nanotubes as internal cores of nanocoax units on the substrate; oxidizing the substrate; coating with a semiconducting film; and filling with a metallic medium that wets the semiconducting film of the nanocoax units.

Abstract: An optical element includes an airtight container having opposing first and second end face walls in a thickness direction, and side walls connecting the first and second end face walls; a first liquid sealed in the container and having polarity or conductivity; a second liquid sealed in the container and not mixed with the first liquid so as to form an interface between the first liquid and the second liquid; and voltage applying means for applying a voltage to the first liquid. Further, the first liquid and the second liquid have substantially the same specific gravity, and the first liquid has less light transmittance than the second liquid. In a state in which the voltage is applied to the first liquid, the interface between the first liquid and the second liquid deforms, and a transmitting path of light is formed that passes through the first and second end face walls and propagates in the thickness direction of the container.

Abstract: A 3D image display device with a 2D or 3D image mode switching barrier is provided. The image display device includes an image panel, color change regions spaced apart from each other in a repetitive pattern and selectively change into light transmission regions or light blockage regions, and a barrier having the color change regions.

Abstract: A projection assembly includes an illumination system and at least one light modulator panel in optical communication with the illumination system. An illumination path is defined between the illumination system and the light modulator panel. Further, the illumination system is configured to spatially shift at least a portion of the illumination path.

Abstract: There are provided a manufacturing method of an optical device excellent in expediency, and a technique for stably manufacturing a high performance optical device. After a single crystal film which constitutes a Faraday rotator and can exhibit a substantially rectangular magnetic hysteresis, is obtained, the single crystal film is magnetized in a state where this single crystal film is incorporated in an optical device such as an optical isolator. By performing a magnetizing step after the Faraday rotator is incorporated in the optical device, it becomes unnecessary to discriminate between the front and back surfaces of the single crystal film, and the characteristics of the optical device are also improved.

Abstract: A line scanned display system includes at least three different colors of illumination provided by one or more light sources, and at least one directional illumination optical system for directing the three different colors of illumination. Also in the system is a bilinear array, having two linear arrays of light modulating devices, situated on a common substrate for receiving and modulating two different colors of illumination at any one time that are obtained from the three different colors of illumination. Finally, a lens for creating line images of the two linear arrays on a screen and a scanning mirror for scanning the line images across the screen to form an area image complete the system.

Abstract: A visual display system and a method for displaying information. The information displayed on the visual display system may be substantially or entirely immune to stray electric fields.

Abstract: Charge Control Agents In Display Media. Use of charge control agents in display media comprising bichromal elements increases the ability to control translation and rotation of spherical elements in their cavities more precisely, thus yielding sharper and clearer images and longer life at lower applied voltages.

Abstract: A method of tightly packing display elements in an electric display. The method involves increasing the density of display elements of an electronic display, such as rotatable elements in electronic paper, in order to increase the brightness and/or sharpness of the display.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a mesh-like body, and charged particles At least a surface of the mesh-like body is formed of an insulating material, and the mesh-like body is interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The charged particles are dispersed in a space formed by a surface of the first substrate opposing the second substrate, a surface of the second substrate opposing the first substrate, and a surface of the mesh-like body. The charged particles can form desired images by moving within the space in response to an electric field generated between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A photonic bandgap assembly used in a laser device for generating a near-diffraction-limited optical beam that comprises simultaneous multiple wavelengths. The photonic bandgap fiber assembly has a plurality of serially connected segments each having a photonic crystal fiber each being designed to efficiently perform Raman conversion on a pump wavelength to a near-diffraction-limited output wavelength. A first segment of the assembly is connected to a pump laser, and the output wavelength generated by each segment is output to the following segment to serve as a pump beam of the photonic crystal fiber thereof. Therefore, the pump beam is converted in a plurality of output beams with different wavelengths. The output beams can then be selectively recombined and coupled out as a multiple-wavelength optical beam.

Abstract: In an optical amplifier of the invention, a first variable optical attenuator is provided between a fore-stage optical amplification unit and a post-stage optical amplification unit, and a second variable optical attenuator is also provided on the output side of the post-stage optical amplification unit. When a signal light input level of a WDM light inputted to an input port is lower than a base point level, an attenuation amount of the first variable optical attenuator is not increased (basically minimized), and the control which increases the attenuation amount of the second variable optical attenuator is performed corresponding to the increase in signal light input level. On the other hand, when the signal light input level is higher than the base point level, the attenuation amounts of both the first variable optical attenuator and the second variable optical attenuator are controlled according to the signal light input level.

Abstract: A semiconductor optical amplification device is disclosed that has a gain spectrum of a wide bandwidth. The semiconductor optical amplification device includes an InP substrate and an active layer on the InP substrate. The active layer has a quantum well structure formed by alternately stacking a barrier layer and a well layer, the barrier layer is formed from a tensile-strained InGaAs film, and the well layer is formed from a compressively-strained InGaAs film.

Abstract: A projection objective provides a light path for a light bundle from an object field in an object plane to an image field in an image plane. The projection objective includes eight mirrors. The light path is provided via the eight mirrors, and is free of obscuration.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a microscope with at least one optical element (21a, 21b) for optional deflection and/or splitting of a beam path passing through the microscope, wherein the at least one optical element (21a, 21b) is fashioned as a micro-mirror array (80) having a number of individually controllable and adjustable micro-mirrors (82).

Abstract: A microscope moving unit is provided, the microscope moving unit being capable of preventing an increase in size and a decrease in operation speed of a microscope apparatus by reducing the size of the movable parts, improving the operability of the objective lens by providing a large space around the objective lens, and allowing a specimen to be observed at various positions without affecting the specimen. The microscope moving unit includes an arm that is rotatable around an optical axis of a laser beam guided from a laser light source and that supports a microscope main body on the side closer to a tip of the arm, the microscope main body having an objective lens, and a rotatable deflecting member, which is fixed to the arm, configured to deflect the laser beam and emit the deflected laser beam towards the microscope main body at the side closer to the tip of the arm.

Abstract: A stereomicroscope of the Greenough type includes a first monocular microscope and a second monocular microscope, which define a first beam path and a second beam path, respectively, wherein the first and second microscopes are arranged at a convergence angle to one another and comprise magnification systems for producing equal magnifications which can be varied synchronously with one another. At least one optical element in the first microscope has a different optically effective diameter compared to at least one corresponding optical element in the second microscope.

Abstract: A stereomicroscope of the telescope type includes a first beam path and a second beam path, wherein in the first beam path a first telescope system and in the second beam path a second telescope system are provided, wherein the magnifications of both telescope systems are equal and can be changed synchronously to each other, and wherein a common main objective is allocated to both beam paths. In order to increase the resolution without loss in depth of field, it is proposed that at least one optical element of the first telescope system has, compared to at least one corresponding optical element of the second telescope system, a different optically effective diameter.

Abstract: A device for selectively controlling illumination from a source that emits illumination along an optical path toward an output has an intensity control apparatus for selectively controlling the intensity of illumination at the output; a filter adapted to be selectively disposed in the optical path; and a unitary mechanical user input for controlling the intensity control apparatus and for, when the intensity is at a maximum, permitting selective disposition of the filter in the optical path.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a device for changing objectives which are arranged in a work position in the optical axis of a beam path of an optical device at a distance from the object to be examined. The optical device has in particular a housing with a front surface and rear surface and side surfaces and focusing means for the objectives to be changed. Receptacles are provided which are connected to the housing of the device directly or by intermediate members and in which the objectives are arranged. The device comprises first means for the linear movement and/or combined rotational and swiveling movement of the receptacle in up to three coordinates, by which an objective can be positioned in the work position in the optical axis of the beam path of the device and outside the optical axis in a standby position.

Abstract: Embodiments of adjusting an optical characteristic are disclosed.

Abstract: A polymer sheet for use in a projection screen comprises polyorgano silsesquioxane microspheres that enhance light diffusing characteristics. Also disclosed is a projection screen comprising at least two glass plates and the polymer sheet disposed therebetween. Also disclosed is a method of manufacturing a polymer sheet by incorporating the microspheres with the polymer.

Abstract: A waveguide polarization recovery system both polarizes the input light energy for use with an LCD imager and converts the polarity of unusable light energy to add to the illumination of the LCD imager. The compact polarization recovery waveguide system generally includes: (1) an input waveguide that provides non-polarized light energy into the system; (2) an output waveguide that receives polarized light energy from the system; (3) a polarized beam splitter that received the light energy from the input waveguide and transmits lights energy of a first polarization type and reflects light energy of a second polarization type, and (4) a wave plate that modifies the polarization of either the transmitted or reflected light energy. The polarization recovery system also generally includes one or more mirrors that are positioned as need to direct the transmitted and the reflected light energy to the output waveguide. The input and output waveguides may be shaped as needed by the projection system.

Abstract: A polarizing multiplexer includes a first arm with a first beam splitter to receive a first unpolarized light from an object and a first retarder coupled to the first beam splitter to generate a first right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) beam. A normal incident beam splitter is used to receive the first RHCP beam. The multiplexer also includes a second arm with a second beam splitter to receive a second unpolarized light from an object ; and a second retarder coupled to the second beam splitter to generate a left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) beam, wherein the LHCP beam is reflected off the normal incident beam splitter and converted to a second RHCP beam. Light from both arms pass through the second retarder and are converted to p-polarized light before transmitting through the second beam splitter to an image sensor.

Abstract: Methods of forming multilayer reflective polarizers are described. One method includes providing a multilayer polymer film having a plurality of alternating polymeric optical layer pairs, heating the multilayer polymer film to a temperature of about or greater than both polymers layer glass transition temperatures to from a heated multilayer film, and stretching the heated multilayer polymer film in an in-plane direction to form a multilayer reflective polarizer. Each first polymer layer includes a first polyester material and each second polymer layer includes a second polyester material that has a different polymer composition than the first polymer layer composition. The stretching includes a uniaxial stretch.

Abstract: A method for attenuating an unpolarized laser beam includes separating the laser beam into two plane-polarized beams. The plane-polarized beams are polarization rotated. Each of the polarization-rotated beams is separated into two plane-polarized portions. One of the portions of one polarization-rotated beam is combined with one of the portions of the other polarization-rotated beam to provide an attenuated output-beam.

Abstract: A control arm includes a first component having a first perimeter, a second component having a second perimeter, wherein the first and second components are cast and wherein the first and second components are welded at the first and second perimeters. A control arm includes an upper component, a lower component, and a vertical component disposed between the upper and lower components, wherein the vertical component is welded to the upper and lower components. A method of fabricating a control arm includes casting a first component having a first perimeter and a seat disposed on the first perimeter, casting a second component having a base and a wall, and coupling the first component to the second component, wherein the wall is welded to the seat.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reflector typically comprising of a reflector strap and a main body, wherein, said reflector strap extends out one or more pins from the contacting surface with the main body, by connecting said pins to the coordinated holes of the main body in socket joint, said reflector strap is retained on the main body. The tight bond of reflector strap and the main body offered by the present invention guarantees the reflector nail use in normal and a longer service life.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element 1 comprises a first element 10 and a second element 20, whose materials are different from each other. These elements are bonded to each other, with a diffraction grating 30 created on the boundary surface between the first element 10 and the second element 20, and in the diffractive optical element 1, at least the second element 20 is made from a photo-setting resin, which is set by light rays incident through the first element 10. The diffractive optical element 1 is set in a predetermined range of values including values that make the transmittance T1 of the first element 10 and the transmittance T2 of the second element 20 equal to each other for the light rays.

Abstract: This invention makes it possible to prevent any uneven density and degradation in resolution in reciprocal laser scanning using a movable mirror. An image forming apparatus forms an image on a photosensitive member by scanning the photosensitive member with a laser beam reflected by a movable mirror with reciprocating the movable mirror whose rotation angle is changeable in accordance with an electrical signal. The apparatus detects the rotation direction of the movable mirror, and weights, on the basis of the rotation direction, image data of two lines along the sub-scanning direction in correspondence with the ratio of the scanning length after the start of laser write for a line of laser scanning to compensate the image to be formed using the movable mirror.

Abstract: A light-emission control unit controls an emission of a light beam from a light-beam generating unit based on an input image signal. A light-beam scanning unit deflects the light beam in a main scanning direction and irradiates the deflected light beam on an image carrier. An anomalous-light emission detecting unit detects an anomalous light emission of the light-beam generating unit when there is no image signal input to the light-emission control unit. A control unit performs an error processing based on the detected anomalous light emission.

Abstract: An optical film comprises: a transparent plastic film substrate; and a cured layer having a dry thickness of 100 nm or more, formed by coating a curable composition comprising: a low refractive index fine particle having a refractive index of 1.50 or less; and a binder, wherein the low refractive index fine particle is unevenly distributed in the cured layer to a surface portion on the side opposite the transparent plastic film substrate.

Abstract: A sensing method and apparatus using photonic band gap multilayered material. Photonic band gap multi-layers are formed from alternating layers of higher refractive index and lower refractive index materials, and may be deposited or disposed on a optically transparent substrate or a reflecting face of a prism. Light is directed into the prism, directed to the photonic band gap multilayer, and reflected out of the prism, where it is captured and analyzed. Various sensor configurations keep light wavelength or coupling angle fixed, while monitoring the change in the other parameter. Also disclosed is a microarray configuration with an array of probe spots placed on one surface of the multilayer, which is mounted on an x-y translation stage.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing vehicle window (e.g., windshield and/or backlite) visible light transmission when high beams are detected. In certain example embodiments, a detector detects the presence of a light source above certain luminescent threshold. A controller then reduces the visible light transmission of a windshield and/or backlite via an electrochromic process and/or by using electrodes to apply a voltage across a gas-filled chamber for example. The visible light transmission is restored when the controller determines that the light source detected has dropped below the threshold luminescence or has disappeared.

Abstract: A microlens substrate for an opposed substrate for use in a liquid crystal panel is provided.

Abstract: An optical system for a head mounted display includes a light pipe having two parallel surfaces along which modes can travel by total internal reflection. An illumination element allows selection of modes so that the desired modes can be transmitted along the light pipe, either axially or by total internal reflection.

Abstract: An LED light converging system includes an LED light source, and first and second lens units aligned in sequence along an optical axis. The LED light source provides source light. The first lens unit has a first focal length, and is disposed forwardly of and is spaced apart from the LED light source by a first distance less than the first focal length such that a virtual image of the source light provided by the LED light source is formed rearwardly of the LED light source. The second lens unit has a second focal length, is disposed forwardly of the first lens unit, and is spaced apart from the virtual image of the source light by a second distance larger than the second focal length such that a real image of the source light provided by the LED light source is formed forwardly of the second lens unit.

Abstract: A method and a device are provided for the immersion and for the cleaning of the front lens of microscope objectives in fully automatic microscope systems, in particular inverted microscopes, for the examination of biological and/or chemical samples by which, besides an automatic immersion process, an automatic cleaning of the front lens of the microscope objective is achieved at the same time at the conclusion of the immersion process. In a method in which water is preferably used as immersion liquid, the immersion liquid is provided at the same time as a cleaning liquid for the automatic cleaning of a front lens of a microscope objective at the conclusion of the immersion process. The device according to the invention for implementing the method comprises a receiving vessel which can be placed on the front lens of the microscope objective.