Abstract: An apparatus for measuring sizes of articles including a light projecting device for projecting light toward an article placed on a stationary transparent plate from one side of the plate, a photo-sensor device arranged on the other side of the plate and having plural photo-detectors arranged in array in Y direction to receive light projected from the light projecting device and impinging upon the photo-sensor device without being interrupted by the article, a driving device for reciprocally moving the light projecting device and photo-sensor device relative to the article in X direction perpendicular to the Y direction, and a shifting device for shifting the photo-sensor device in the Y direction between first and second positions which are mutually separated by a half of a photo-detector array.

Abstract: A printer comprises a receiving section which receives printing jobs from a networked personal computers, a storage section which stores the received printing jobs, and a printing section which executes a printing job extracted from the storage section. A control section of the printer determines whether the printing jobs received by the receiving section include special printing, and causes a display section to display a list of the printing jobs including the special printing. The printing section executes the printing job selected from the displayed list by the user through an input section.

Abstract: A printing system that comprises a host computer 50 and a printer 10 in combination. As the printer 10, is used one that can process a first class print request including a control program and print data and a second class print request including only print data, and, when an ID output request is received, sends a control program ID as identification information of a control program stored inside the printer 10 at that point of time. Printer control software 20a is installed on the host computer 50 to put the computer 50 in a state that, when a print request is to be outputted to the printer 10, the computer 50 verifies whether a required control program is stored within the printer 10, and the computer 50 sends a second class print request to the printer 10, when storing of the control program is verified, and sends a first class print request to the printer 10, when storing of the control program is not verified.

Abstract: Printer has a standby state in which the motor driving the laser scanning mirror is turned off immediately after a print job when another page is not ready. To increase operating speed, a signal to the printer starts a timer (Ready timer). When a page is printed, the timer is started and only when it reaches zero is the motor turned off. When data of a page is received by the printer and the Ready timer is non-zero, a sheet is immediately picked for printing.

Abstract: In a network comprising printers and print servers which retain queues of print jobs, a user is able to survey and view selected portions of the network, either by enumerating printers to be queried directly, or by enumerating servers. By providing substantially simultaneous “views” of printers and queues in servers, problems within a large network can be readily isolated.

Abstract: Systems and methods for adjusting print queues to obtain more efficient printing are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system and method for adjusting a print queue pertain to detecting proximity of a user to the printing device, determining if the user has any outstanding print jobs, and adjusting a print queue for the printing device if it is determined that the user does have an outstanding print job. By way of example, adjusting the queue can include one or more of interrupting a current print job so that the user's print job can be printed, elevating the user's print job in the order of the queue, and adding the user's print job from another queue to the queue for the printing device.

Abstract: A communication apparatus having means for recording registration information including telephone numbers and address information, which is registered individually by a user per an apparatus or a user, is provided. In the device, a selection of an attribute of the registration information that is to be erased is accepted, and only the registration information having a selected attribute is extracted and erased all together. At this time, whether the registration information to be erased includes information reserved for use in a job or not is determined. If the reserved information is included, the registration information to be erased other than the reserved information is erased all together. In this manner, the operability of the device upon managing the recorded registration information is improved.

Abstract: A method and a device for controlling a printing material processing machine (1, 2, 3), which has at least one processing unit in which the positional and speed data of a printing substrate to be transported through the printing material processing machine are recorded, where, on the basis of the recorded positional and speed data, the instantaneous position of the printing substrate is calculated and stored in memory unit of the processing unit; in addition to the instantaneous position of a printing substrate to be transported through the printing material processing machine, additional command data being stored in the memory unit.

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods for assembling multiple individual print jobs into an aggregate print job for printing in a print run quantity. Individual print jobs and a print quantity indicating the number of copies of the individual print job to be primed are stored. Individual print jobs are retrieved and assigned to one or more individual print job positions in an aggregate print job layout based on the number of copies of the individual print job to be printed. A retrieved individual print job having an associated print quantity that equals the print run quantity of the aggregate print job is assigned to a single position in the aggregate print job layout. A retrieved individual print job having an associated print quantity that is a multiple of the print run quantity is assigned to that multiple number of positions in the aggregate print job layout.

Abstract: An image communication apparatus converts image data received through a communication line into bit image data to be reproduced as a visible image by means of using a data converting unit and a reproducing unit. The apparatus converts data from a data processing apparatus into bit image data to be reproduced as a visible image by means of using the data converting unit and the reproducing unit, so as to accomplish an efficient system as a whole.

Abstract: An ink jet printer for forming an ink jet printed long strip of cloth includes a design image generation unit, a receiving unit, a generating unit and a synthesizing unit. The design image generation unit generates design image data representing a design image repeatedly using a basic pattern. The receiving unit receives first designation data regarding a logotype mark, while the generating unit repeatedly generates logotype mark image data representing the logotype mark repeatedly using a logotype pattern independently from the repeated using of the basic pattern, in accordance with the first designation data received by the receiving unit.

Abstract: A problem that occurs with inkjet printers having a microelectromechanical thermal inkjet printhead is that the dot print size during the initial operation of the printer is inconsistent with the dot print size produced after the printer has reached an equilibrium temperature. In order to address this problem a method is described that involves applying a number of heating pulses to nozzles of the printhead before commencing a print job. The heating pulses are of sufficient duration to warm ink within the nozzles but are limited so that they do not cause ink ejection.

Abstract: A pagewidth inkjet printer includes a support structure. A pagewidth inkjet printhead is mounted on the support structure. A print media feed mechanism feeds print media along an ink path and operatively with respect to the inkjet printhead. An integrated circuit is mounted on the support structure to control operation of the printhead and the feed mechanism. The integrated circuit includes a data and control bus. Interface circuitry is connected to the data and control bus to permit external components to communicate with the data and control bus. Expansion circuitry is connected to the data and control bus to receive and to expand compressed image data. Processing circuitry is connected to the data and control bus to process the expanded image data.

Abstract: A controller for controlling printing on both surfaces of a sheet of print media includes a first print controller for controlling printing by a page width printhead of a first print engine and a second print controller for controlling printing by a page with printhead of a second print engine substantially simultaneously with the printing by the printhead of the first print engine. A first communications link interconnects the first print controller and the second print controller for synchronizing the print controllers. An second communications link is connected to at least one of the print controllers for interfacing with a host system for receipt from the host system of descriptions of pages to be printed on said surfaces of the sheet of print media by the print engines.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program apparatus, implementing techniques for preparing a region of an electronic document for printing on a printing device having asymmetric misregistration behavior. The techniques include trapping the region asymmetrically to compensate for asymmetric misregistration behavior of a printing device. The region can be an entire page or a portion of a page represented in a page description language or a raster representation. The techniques can include defining an asymmetric transformation; applying the asymmetric transformation to the region to generate a transformed region; processing the transformed region to generate transformed traps; and applying an inverse transformation to the transformed traps to generate traps for the region, the inverse transformation being an inverse of the asymmetric transformation.

Abstract: A system for the accurate measurement and control of image color density on an operating printing press. The method and apparatus control the printing of a multicolored image by controlling the amount of each of the inks used to print an image based on the color densities of each of the inks detected in printed images. The process includes controlling the positioning and linear movement of a strobe and a digital video camera across a substrate having images printed thereon; illuminating the images with a strobe; selecting and acquiring the images via a digital video camera and producing a digitized representation thereof; selecting a portion of the images; measuring and analyzing the color intensity of the selected portion of the images and producing reflective density values thereof, and storing said reflective density values in a first memory; comparing the reflective density values for the portion of the images to standard density values in a second memory for the portion of the images.

Abstract: An image processing method matches the gradations of a first output unit and a second output unit which have different gradation-reproduction ranges. The image processing method sets first-output-unit information on the first output unit, sets output-medium information for use in the second output unit, and finds an output-gradation reproduction curve from the first-output-unit information and the output-medium information.

Abstract: The present invention overcomes the limitations of the prior art by providing a system and method for halftoning using time-variable halftone patterns. Successive frames that are presented to the output device are individually halftoned. The halftone pattern is changed from frame to frame. The different halftone patterns can be generated in real time, or they can be calculated prior to halftoning and stored in memory. Additionally, the halftone patterns can be generated using any conventional halftoning technique. The same halftoning technique can used to create each halftone pattern, or the halftoning techniques can be varied when creating halftone patterns. The halftoned frames are then viewed in a sequence in time. Because the halftone pattern is changing from frame to frame, the visibility of the pattern is reduced when compared with the patterns produced by prior art halftoning methods.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for de-screening a halftone image, therefore allowing the recovery of an approximation of an original image, is disclosed. A method according to one embodiment first performs a screen conversion filter upon a scanned representation of the halftone image to produce an intermediate image. This method then performs a line smoothing filter upon the intermediate image to produce an approximation to the original image. In an alternate embodiment, the method performs a single convolution filter upon a scanned representation of the halftone image to produce an approximation to the original image. In this embodiment, the single convolution filter is equal to the resulting convolution of first performing a screen conversion filter and then performing a line smoothing filter.

Abstract: This invention is an image processing apparatus capable of adding a reference frame for accurately specifying an image region printed on a printing medium. An image forming unit (13) converts an input image for printing into that of a predetermined resolution. An additional information multiplexer (14) embeds additional information in each predetermined region of the resolution-converted image. A reference frame addition unit 15 adds a predetermined reference frame to the perimeter of the image in which the additional information is embedded. A printer (16) prints the image having the additional information embedded in it and the reference frame onto a printing medium, and outputs a printed image (17).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image scanning apparatus having a scanning module, a transmission belt, a speed-change gear module, and a driving device. The driving device drives the transmission belt by using the speed-change gear module so as to drive the scanning module positioned on the transmission belt to scan an image. The speed-change gear module provides various speed-change ratios so that the driving device may drive the transmission belt at different speeds under the same speed of the driving device. In the embodiment, the speed-change gear module has a switching platform for accommodating the speed-change gear module. The stepping motor serving as the driving device is connected with the speed-change gear module by the motor gear. The transmission belt is connected with the speed-change gear module by the belt wheel.

Abstract: A job is selected from a job list, and is either copied or is extracted from a job storage unit. The job, or the copy, is transmitted to a designated destination. A transmission job or a printing job is stored in conjunction with a corresponding execution time in the job storage unit, so that a job can be selected from the job list and the execution time for the selected job can be changed. Further, the jobs stored in the print queue are displayed as a list, and a selected job is moved from the print queue to the job storage unit, so that the printing of the job in the print queue can be performed. In addition, the histories of jobs that were executed are displayed as a list, so that a specific job can be selected and re-executed. Furthermore, a process that is performed is managed for the user who instructed the process. When logout is instructed, management data are examined in order to determine whether there is an unprocessed job that was previously instructed by the user.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes a sensor including a plurality of photoelectric converters for reading information on a document, a detecting circuit for detecting movement of a document cover, a drive circuit for supplying driving pulses for driving the sensor, and a control circuit for controlling the drive circuit so that the driving pulses are changed according to a detection result generated by the detecting circuit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has a feeder for feeding a sheet, an image forming unit for performing an image formation job so as to form an image on a sheet fed from the feeder, a controller for interrupting a current image formation job, performing an interrupt image formation job, and resuming the current image formation job after completion of the interrupt image formation job. When the current image formation job uses a sheet feeder for feeding sheets set in a predetermined order, the controller prevents the sheet feeder used in the current image formation job from being used in the interrupt image formation job.

Abstract: System and method for providing gain and thresholding to a holographic data parallel recording and replication system incorporating independent angular address assignment. A plurality of information bearing light beams in an information bearing light beam arm of a data recording system and a plurality of reference light beams in a reference light beam arm of the data recording system are mutually interfered to store a plurality of spatially separate, spatially modulated light intensity patterns in a holographic data storage medium in a data recording operation. During the data recording operation, the plurality of information bearing light beams are repeatedly circulated through the holographic data storage medium using a resonant cavity formed along the information bearing light beam arm of the holographic recording system.

Abstract: A dynamic micro-structured reflector includes a substrate having a generally planar major surface and a plurality of cavities on the planar major surface. Each cavity having at least a first and second sidewalls set at an angle offset from the planar major surface. The first sidewall being a stationary optical face and the second sidewall being a dynamic optical face. The dynamic optical face is deflectable between a first position and a second position. The dynamic optical face in the first position redirects more light back to a light source than the dynamic optical face in the second position. Methods of making a dynamic micro-structured reflector are also disclosed.

Abstract: An oscillating torsional hinged device, such as a mirror, having the advantages of an oscillating device with permanent magnets mounted on the hinges, but without excessive size is disclosed. The permanent magnets are mounted in the areas of the anchor members rather than directly on the hinges.

Abstract: A digital micromirror device (DMD) modified for use as a temporal light modulator. The DMD is modified so that the mirrors of the DMD have a preferential tilt direction. The inputs and outputs of the DMD are connected to common ground, except for the bias input lines. The latter are connected to a common excitation input, which is used to cyclically reposition the mirrors between tilted and flat states.

Abstract: A novel spatial light modulator system has a high fill factor MEMS array of tilting mirrors used to attenuate wavelength channels in an optical network and an interface control circuit controlling the tilting mirror array via received control signals. The control signals include definitions of the wavelength channels and desired attenuation. This control circuit may or may not be on the same chip as the mirror array. Each mirror is supported by one or more flexures, located symmetrically or asymmetrically with respect to the mirror's center of gravity, providing single-axis or two-axis rotation. Stiffener ribs at mirror edges provide a flatter mirror. Landing electrodes held at the same potential as the mirror prevent stiction, while strain relief slots relieve stress on the mirror or flexures. Mirrors fabricated from polysilicon or metal are polished flat using a CMP technique. This SLM design is non-interferometric, therefore increased angular tilt provides increased attenuation.

Abstract: An electromechanical system having an object and drives adapted to cooperate to provide the object with two degrees of mobility is described herein.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator includes a first region and a second region. A light-absorbing layer contacts at least a portion of the second region. The light absorbing layer includes a first layer and a second layer, the second layer having a reflectivity less than about 75%.

Abstract: A mirror device includes a mirror, an anchor, and a spring coupling the mirror to the anchor. The anchor and/or mirror can define one or more rows of holes adjacent to the coupling location of the spring. The natural frequency of the device can be adjusted by removing material between the perimeter of the mirror/anchor and the outermost holes, and between adjacent holes in the same row. Another mirror device includes a mirror, anchors, and springs coupling the mirror to the anchors. The natural frequency of the device can be adjusted by decoupling one or more springs coupling the mirror to the anchors. The mirror of both devices can includes one or more sacrificial portions. The natural frequencies of the both devices can also be adjusted by trimming the sacrificial portions.

Abstract: An interference modulator (Imod) incorporates anti-reflection coatings and/or micro-fabricated supplemental lighting sources. An efficient drive scheme is provided for matrix addressed arrays of IMods or other micromechanical devices. An improved color scheme provides greater flexibility. Electronic hardware can be field reconfigured to accommodate different display formats and/or application functions. An IMod's electromechanical behavior can be decoupled from its optical behavior. An improved actuation means is provided, some one of which may be hidden from view. An IMod or IMod array is fabricated and used in conjunction with a MEMS switch or switch array. An IMod can be used for optical switching and modulation. Some IMods incorporate 2-D and 3-D photonic structures. A variety of applications for the modulation of light are discussed. A MEMS manufacturing and packaging approach is provided based on a continuous web fed process.

Abstract: The instant invention is concerned with method and apparatus for induced dipole alignment of solar concentrator micro-mirrors. Novel method and apparatus are taught for coupling to, addressing, and alignment of a micro-optics solar concentrator system for single-axis and two-axis tracking. Mirrored micro-balls are covered with a thin spherical shell of lubricating liquid so that they are free to rotate in an almost frictionless encapsulation in the sheet. Novel method and apparatus are presented for matching the overall ball density with that of the lubricating fluid. Broadly this invention deals with novel concepts used for alignment in the focussing of light wherever mirrors are used for focussing such as for solar propulsion assist, illumination and projection of light, optical switching, etc. A particularly important objective is the focussing of sunlight for solar power conversion and production.

Abstract: A device for deflecting an incident radiation beam through a steering angle to produce a deflected radiation beam is described. The device comprises a photonic crystal receiving the incident radiation beam at a dynamically controlled incidence angle. The photonic crystal is configured to negatively refract the incident radiation beam such that relatively large controlled variations of the steering angle are provided by relatively small controlled variations of the incidence angle.

Abstract: A coherent laser beam combining system wherein the output of a single master oscillator is split into a plurality of signals, the signals are electronically modulated at unique frequencies. One signal is designated a reference signal while the remaining signals are passed through phase adjusters. All signals are optically amplified, aligned and passed through a beam splitter to split off a small sample that is imaged onto a photodetector. The photodetector output is fed to a signal processor that produces phase error signals that drive the phase adjusters resulting in a high-powered optically coherent output signal.

Abstract: A laser microscope is provided in which a beam splitter extracts a part of a laser light of two wavelengths ?1=488 nm and ?2=514.5 nm, a prism spectrally resolves the laser light of the two wavelengths ?1 and ?2, a two-split photodiode detects intensities of two lines spectrally resolved in this manner, and a controller controls an acousto-optical tunable filter (AOTF) fixed to an output end of an argon laser based on a detection signal outputted from the two-split photodiode so that respective light intensities of both lines of wavelengths ?1 and ?2 become constant.

Abstract: A microscope includes a laser light source, a deflecting device, an objective lens, an irradiating system for irradiating a sample with laser light via the objective lens, a detecting device that detects fluorescence from a sample, and a collector lens unit insertable and removable in and out of the path of rays. When the collector lens unit is in the path, laser light converges on the pupil position of the objective lens decentered from the center of the pupil position of the objective lens with chief rays being substantially parallel with the optical axis, and, when the collector lens unit is out of the path, the laser light converges on and, via the deflecting device, scans the sample surface, to achieve a prompt switching between a laser scanning microscopy mode and a total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy mode at low cost.

Abstract: A screen member for a transmission screen is manufactured by a method including the steps: preparing a microlens substrate, of which the light incident face is formed with a plurality of microlenses; forming a black matrix from a first layer, made by applying a material including a positive photopolymer onto the light emission face of the microlens substrate, on the light emission face of the microlens substrate so that the black matrix has a plurality of openings on light paths of the light that has been transmitted by the microlenses of the microlens substrate; and forming a plurality of light diffusion portions for diffusing the light that has been transmitted by each microlens of the microlens substrate from a second layer, made by applying a material including a negative photopolymer onto the black matrix.

Abstract: There are provided a manufacturing method of an optical device excellent in expediency, and a technique for stably manufacturing a high performance optical device. After a single crystal film which constitutes a Faraday rotator and can exhibit a substantially rectangular magnetic hysteresis, is obtained, the single crystal film is magnetized in a state where this single crystal film is incorporated in an optical device such as an optical isolator. By performing a magnetizing step after the Faraday rotator is incorporated in the optical device, it becomes unnecessary to discriminate between the front and back surfaces of the single crystal film, and the characteristics of the optical device are also improved.

Abstract: Polarization converter assemblies are utilized to provide switching and routing systems with effective coupling between a first and second router assemblies, and to provide polarization insensitive switching and routing systems. An improved optical switching/routing system of this invention includes a first router assembly, a second router assembly and a polarization converter assembly, each assembly optically aligned with one another, the polarization converter assembly being optically interposed between the first router assembly and the second router assembly. Embodiments of the polarization converter include, but are not limited to, liquid crystal spatial light modulators or half-wave retarders. A polarization insensitive switching and routing system of this invention includes a polarization separating sub-system, a selectable switching/routing sub-system, and a polarization combining sub-system.

Abstract: A surveillance window including at least one set of linear polarizer and quarter-waveplate and a reflecting surface. The surveillance window appears dull and opaque to a subject, while allowing a relatively high percentage of light to be transmitted to an observer. Various enhancements including an illuminator and detector, camouflaging, fire resistance, and improvements to the opacity are also described.

Abstract: An optical grating has a multiplicity of parallel diffraction structures, which are arranged on a support defining a base face. Each structure has a blaze flank that is inclined substantially at the Littrow angle with respect to the base face, and a back flank. Both flanks together form a reflection layer which comprises a reflective base layer and a transparent protective layer that is connected to the base layer and covers it. The protective layer on the blaze flank and the protective layer on the back flank are made of the same material. The thicknesses of the protective layers on the blaze flank and on the back flank, however, are different.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing peak power of a laser pulse and reducing speckle contrast of a single pulse comprises a plurality of elements oriented to split and delay a pulse or pulses transmitted from a light emitting device. The design provides the ability to divide the pulse into multiple pulses by delaying the components relative to one another. Reduction of speckle contrast entails using the same or similar components to the power reduction design, reoriented to orient received energy wherein angles between the optical paths are altered such that the split or divided light energy components strike the target at different angles or different positions. An alternate embodiment for reducing speckle contrast is disclosed wherein a single pulse is passed in an angular orientation through a grating to create a delayed portion of the pulse relative to the leading edge of the pulse.

Abstract: Cone-shaped projections are provided outside a lens forming area in the middle on one surface of a resin lens plate and depressions to be fitted to these projections are formed on the other surface. A resin lens array is formed by stacking the resin lens plates one over another through fitting these projections and depressions to each other. A fitting depression having a flat supporting seat face at a position on an optical path of light emitted by light-emitting elements of a light-emitting element array chip is formed in the lens holder, and the resin lens array is placed in the fitting depression. A transparent cover composed of a flat and smooth plate is arranged over the output surface of the resin lens array and a metal retainer is attached to the transparent cover so that a pressing pressure is always applied to the resin lens array.

Abstract: The optical system of the invention is comprised of a monolithic microlens array assembly that consists of two groups of microlenses sub-assemblies having different pitches between the adjacent lenses. A ratio between the pitches of sub-assemblies is determined by a predetermined relationship between the parameters of the optical system so that the microlenses of the first sub-assembly create a plurality of individual intermediate images arranged side-by-side in a common intermediate plane that are transferred by the microlenses of the second sub-assembly to the final image plane in the form of a plurality of identical and accurately registered images interposed onto each other. This is achieved due to the aforementioned ratio between the pitches.

Abstract: A purely refractive projection objective suitable for immersion microlithography is designed as a single-waist system with five lens groups, in the case of which a first lens group with negative refractive power, a second lens group with positive refractive power, a third lens group with negative refractive power, a fourth lens group with positive refractive power and a fifth lens group with positive refractive power are provided. A constriction site of narrowest constriction of the beam bundle lies in the region of the waist. A waist distance AT exists between the object plane and the constriction site X. The condition AT/L?0.4 holds for a distance ratio AT/L between the waist distance AT and an object-image distance L of the projection objective. Embodiments of inventive projection objectives reach very high numerical apertures NA>1.1 in conjunction with a large image field and are distinguished by a compact overall size and good correction of the lateral chromatic aberration.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes, in order from an object side to an image side: a first lens unit having positive optical power; a second lens unit having negative optical power; a third lens unit having positive optical power and an aperture stop; a fourth lens unit having negative optical power; and a fifth lens unit having positive optical power, in which, during zooming from a wide-angle end to a telephoto end, the first lens unit stays, the second lens unit moves toward the image side, and the third lens unit moves together with the aperture stop.

Abstract: An infrared imaging device is provided which comprises first and second plastic Fresnel lenses that are in optical communication with each other. Each of the first and second lenses have a first major surface which is convex and a second major surface which comprises a Fresnel surface. The first lens is adapted to mimic a meniscus asphere correct for conjugates of infinity and for the focal length of said first lens, and the second lens is adapted to mimic a meniscus asphere and is further adapted to act as a field flattener.

Abstract: An actuator device, an optical disk device and an information playback device comprising: an objective lens for focusing a light on a recording and/or playback face of a recording medium; a lens holder for holding the objective lens; a suspension for elastically supporting the lens holder; and an actuator base for supporting the suspension. The lens holder has a portion on the opposite side in the optical axis of the objective lens with respect to the actuator base.