Abstract: An apparatus for positioning an item in or near a natural orifice of a non-human animal, includes at least one resilient rod (2) having a first portion adapted to the shape of part of the animal's body spaced from the orifice and a second portion adapted to extend to or beyond the part of the animal's body in the region of the orifice. An achoring arrangement 1 anchors the rod(s) (2) to the part of the animal's body spaced from the orifice. A transverse cross member (4) is adapted in use to be biased into contact with the animal's body in the region of the natural orifice as a result of the resilience of the rod(s) (2).

Abstract: A cooling system is provided for a vehicle having an engine. The cooling system includes a pair of heat exchangers, such as an oil cooler and a charge air cooler, laterally spaced apart from each other and located in front of a front end of the engine. A pair of blower units are in front of the coolers and blow cooling air rearwardly therethrough. A pair of duct units are located above the engine and to the rear of the coolers. Each duct unit includes a forward opening inlet receiving warmed air from the corresponding cooler, an upwardly opening outlet and a hollow housing extending from the inlet to the outlet. The outlets are spaced laterally apart from each other. A radiator is positioned above the duct unit housings and forward of the outlets. A set of radiator fans blow air upwardly through the radiator and are positioned between the radiator and the duct housings.

Abstract: The two-cycle internal combustion engine is of the type comprising one cylinder (2), one piston (4) with connecting rod, one head (3) closing the cylinder (2) on the explosion chamber side, one crankcase (12) closing the cylinder (2) on the side opposite the explosion chamber, one spark plug (5) inserted in the head, and one burnt gas exhaust pipe (8) with inlet port opening onto the internal surface of the cylinder (2) near bottom dead center of the piston (4) and is characterized by the presence in combination of one air input duct (6) with combustion chamber inlet ports (13) located near bottom dead center of the piston (4) and also with inlet ports located either in the cylinder (2) near the crankcase (12) or in the crankcase, one duct (7) for inlet of lubrication oil into the air input duct (6), one sensor (9) of rotation speed and angular position of the drive shaft, one fuel injector (1) inserted in the cylinder wall (2).

Abstract: A method of controlling a valve of a cam phaser of an internal combustion engine includes determining a delta duty cycle from a position error and a rate of change of error (error dot). A fuzzy gain value is calculated from the delta duty cycle and a correction term. A duty cycle is calculated from an integral gain value and the fuzzy gain value. The duty cycle is then used to control the valve of the cam phaser.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the variable actuation of the gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines, whereby a continuously revolving cam drives an intermediate member which carries out an oscillating, pure rotational movement and moves a drive member in accordance with the respective valve lift curve via a control cam. In order to modify the valve lift curve, the position of the rotational axis of the intermediate member can be modified along an advance curve. The rotational axis of the intermediate member is represented by a pin which is freely rotatable at its guide end and which carries cam plates that are linked therewith in a rotationally fixed manner. Said cam plates define either directly or indirectly the respective required position on the advance curve. The pin is rotated via a suitable joining element.

Abstract: A driving-side rotatable body includes a driving-side inner gear, which has an axial extent that does not overlap with an axial extent of a driven-side inner gear of a driven-side rotatable body. A driven-side outer gear and a driving-side outer gear of a planet gear are meshed with and are driven together with the driven-side inner gear and the driving-side inner gear, so that the planet gear changes a relative rotational phase between the driven-side rotatable body and the driving-side rotatable body. A length of a tooth contact between the driven-side inner gear and the driven-side outer gear measured in a direction of a tooth trace thereof is set to be longer than a length of a tooth contact between the driving-side inner gear and the driving-side outer gear measured in a direction of a tooth trace thereof.

Abstract: A driving-side rotatable body includes a driving-side inner gear, which has an axial extent that does not overlap with an axial extent of a driven-side inner gear of a driven-side rotatable body. A driven-side outer gear and a driving-side outer gear of a planet gear are meshed with and are driven together with the driven-side inner gear and the driving-side inner gear, so that the planet gear changes a relative rotational phase between the driven-side rotatable body and the driving-side rotatable body. An addendum circle of the driving-side inner gear has a diameter, which is larger than that of a dedendum circle of the driven-side inner gear.

Abstract: A driving-side rotatable body includes a driving-side inner gear, which has an axial extent that does not overlap with an axial extent of a driven-side inner gear of a driven-side rotatable body. A driven-side outer gear and a driving-side outer gear of a planet gear are meshed with and are driven together with the driven-side inner gear and the driving-side inner gear, so that the planet gear changes a relative rotational phase between the driven-side rotatable body and the driving-side rotatable body. The driven-side rotatable body supports the driving-side rotatable body from a radially inner side of the driving-side rotatable body at a location, which is radially outward of the driven-side inner gear.

Abstract: In an in-cylinder injection type spark ignition internal combustion engine which uses a spark plug to ignite and burn an air-fuel mixture flow formed by fuel which is injected from a fuel injection valve and flies around inside a cylinder while mixing with air, the spark plug has a first electrode formed on its center axis and a second electrode having a substantially L-shaped cross section, a spark gap is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the spark plug is arranged such that the air-fuel mixture flow passes directly through the spark gap.

Abstract: In a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine, an enabling condition is a function of at least one operating variable, of the motor vehicle and/or of the internal combustion engine. Starting and/or stopping of the internal combustion engine are enabled as a function of the enabling condition. It is provided that the presence of the enabling condition be checked redundantly within the scope of a 3-level monitoring concept.

Abstract: A plug valve with improved lubrication elements comprising a valve body, which forms a seat that is connected to an intake port and to a discharge port, and accommodates a plug-type flow control element that controls the ports. Lubrication elements are further provided between the seat and the plug-type flow control element; the plug valve further comprising at least one pair of open lubrication channels, which are provided diametrically in the plug-type flow control element, and at least one pair of open lubrication ducts, which are provided diametrically in the seat. The pair of open channels is always in contact with the seat during the transfer of the plug-type flow control element from the open position to the closed position, and/or vice versa.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for quenching and tempering of cast cylinder heads for internal combustion engines as well as such cylinder heads, in particular cylinder heads made from cast aluminum or an aluminum alloy, in which the cylinder head 1 is heat treated subsequently to the casting, in which the cylinder head 1 is adaptively adjusted heat treated in the different regions 2, 3 according to the thermal and mechanical requirements of said regions 2, 3.

Abstract: In an adjusting device with a transmission, high gear ratios are frequently required. In the transmission, powerful lateral forces are frequently generated, which must be absorbed by correspondingly dimensioned bearings. The present invention proposes an adjusting device having a transmission in which at least one gear is supported on an axle with a diameter that varies in the longitudinal direction. This achieves a uniform material loading of the axle supporting the gear and permits the diameter of the axle as a whole to be significantly reduced. The adjusting device is particularly intended for motor vehicles with an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A high thermal efficiency lean-bum spark- ignition two or four stroke engine operable unthrottled suitable for vehicles using gasoline. It uses an indirect combustion chamber and a transfer orifice with or without shaping of the combustion chamber to produce a jet of air moving in helical swirl motion around the chamber during the compression stroke. Fuel is injected into the chamber aimed into the air jet to assist rapid vaporisation. The position and orientation of the fuel injector ensures that fuel arrives near the spark plug even under idling conditions and the helical swirl flow ensures the stratification of the ignitable mixture formed near the plug. The compression ratio of the engine can also be variable.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a plural valve assembly is disclosed that includes providing a plurality of housings that each define a channel. Each housing includes at least one valve anchoring portion. The method also includes providing a plurality valves and providing a shaft. The method further includes coupling the plurality of valves to corresponding ones of the housings such that the valves can move relative to the housing between an open position and a closed position. The valves abut against the respective valve anchoring portion in the closed position. The method also includes coupling the shaft to the plurality of valves. Each of the plurality of valves abuts against the respective valve anchoring portion as the shaft is coupled thereto.

Abstract: A fuel injection system is equipped with a high-pressure supply pump driven by an output of an internal combustion engine to supply fuel to an accumulator, a low-pressure supply pump driven by a power source other than the engine to suck the fuel from a fuel tank and supply the sucked fuel to the high-pressure supply pump, and a pressure regulator working to regulate the pressure of the fuel supplied from the low-pressure supply pump to the high-pressure supply pump. The system also includes an abnormal pressure detector working to monitor a preselected parameter that bears a correlation to the energy held by the fuel at an inlet of the high-pressure supply pump to detect whether a pressure of the fuel at the inlet of the high-pressure supply pump is in an abnormal level or not without monitoring it directly.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fuel supply system which can supply fuel accurately in accordance with driving conditions, while achieving cost reduction by adopting an inexpensive pump without a fuel return passage for returning surplus fuel. A positive displacement pump which intakes and discharges a specific volume of fluid is adopted as the fuel pump 40, and discharges the amount of fuel needed for the injector 30 to inject. The fuel pump 40 is located outside the vapor separator 20. The discharged fuel from the fuel pump 40 is supplied to the injector 30 through the returnless pressure regulator 50. With this structure, the temperature rising of the fuel in the vapor separator 20 due to disposing the high pressure fuel pump and the pressure regulator within the vapor separator 20 can be prevented, and the connecting passage for connecting the pressure regulator and the vapor separator can be eliminated.

Abstract: A rotation speed calculation interval is set near a combustion top dead center of each cylinder of an engine. An interval rotation time necessary for a crankshaft to rotate through the rotation speed calculation interval is calculated as angular speed information of the crankshaft in the rotation speed calculation interval for each combustion stroke of the engine. Engine rotation speed is calculated based on the interval rotation time. The angular speed information of the crankshaft in the rotation speed calculation interval set near the combustion top dead center reflects a combustion state or generated torque. By calculating the engine rotation speed based on the angular speed information, the engine rotation speed highly correlated with the combustion state or the generated torque of the engine can be calculated.

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine which is provided with a manifold from which an intake tube extends to an intake of a cylinder of the internal combustion engine, with a gas inlet valve, disposed at the intake of the cylinder, an intermittent charge valve, disposed upstream of the gas inlet valve in the intake tube and releasing or closing the intake tube subject to a switching position of the intake tube, and in injection valve for metering fuel. The temporal position of the duration of injection of the fuel is adjusted subject to a point in time at which the switching position of the intermittent charge valve is changed. In this manner, it can be ensured that the air has a high velocity of flow during injection, thereby obtaining a good mixture preparation in a simple manner.

Abstract: An engine system comprising of at least one fuel injector sensor coupled to at least one fuel injector of a first group of cylinders; at least one fuel injector sensor coupled to at least one fuel injector of a second group of cylinders; and a controller configured to operate the engine system in at least a first mode and a second mode, where in the first mode the first and second cylinder groups combust air and injected fuel, where in the second mode at least one of the first and second cylinder groups combusts air and injected fuel and the other one of the first and second cylinder groups pumps air without injecting fuel; where in the first mode the controller sets a degradation condition responsive to detection of inactivity of the at least one fuel injector by the at least one fuel injection sensors; and where in the second mode the controller sets a degradation condition responsive to at least one of detection of fuel injection activity in both the first and second groups of cylinders by the fuel injecti

Abstract: Heater for heating a fluid intended to pass through a fuel tank canister. The heater comprises: a casing provided with a coupler for coupling to the canister; at least two plates placed inside the casing in substantially parallel planes, through which plates the fluid flows; and at least one heating element housed between said plates. The coupler is placed in a plane substantially parallel to at least one plane of one of the plates and the projected area of the coupler on said plane of one of the plates lies substantially within the projected area of the casing on said plane.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions canister is used in an automotive evaporative emission system to separate liquid fuel entrained with fuel vapor and to control emission of fuel vapors to the atmosphere, the system including a fuel tank coupled to an automotive engine. The canister includes an integrally molded housing having side walls, a top wall and a bottom wall; a hydrocarbon-adsorbing material disposed therein so as to provide a vapor adsorbent chamber for adsorbing hydrocarbon fuel vapor flowing therethrough; and a liquid-fuel trap located above the vapor adsorbent chamber for separating fuel vapor and liquid fuel. A method is provided for preventing or reducing hydrocarbon emissions to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A device for pre-conditioning combustion air at an inlet path to a combustion chamber, in which the inlet includes a set of two or more magnetic fields arranged along the inlet path. Each magnetic field has a corresponding north pole and a south pole and a magnetic moment vector extending from the south pole portion to the north pole. The magnetic moment vectors are arranged mainly perpendicularly with respect to the inlet path; the magnetic moment vectors are distributed consecutively along the inlet path; the second or consecutive magnetic field are arranged with the second or consecutive magnetic moment vector's pole with the opposite pole adjacent to the inlet path relative to the first or preceding magnetic moment vector's pole.

Abstract: The present invention provides a centrifugal engine charger for internal combustion engines (IC Engines) driven by a plurality of gear drives comprising eccentric and planetary drives to provide variable speed drive to an engine. The present invention also provides a method of power transmission to the engine charger.

Abstract: There is provided a method for controlling an electrically driven supercharger of an internal combustion engine. The method comprises operating the supercharger at a first speed during a first engine operating condition. The method further comprises operating the supercharger at a second speed during a second engine operating condition, the second speed being lower than the first speed and increasing as the capacity of the electric power source decreases. According to the method, during a transition from the second engine operating condition to the first engine operating condition, the speed of the supercharger is increased from the second speed to the first speed. At that time, the second speed is increased as the capacity of the electric power source decreases, and as a result, the supercharger speed increase that results from the transition may become smaller.

Abstract: A multi-cylinder group engine system operable in at least a first mode and a second mode, where in the first mode a first and second cylinder group combust air and fuel with a lean air-fuel ratio, and where in the second mode at least one of the first and second cylinder groups combusts air and fuel and the other one of the first and second cylinder groups pumps air without injected fuel, the engine system comprising of a fuel injection activity sensor coupled to each cylinder in the first and second cylinder groups; a exhaust gas sensor disposed in an exhaust passage to measure air fuel exhausted from the engine; and a controller configured to transition out of the first mode responsive to detection of exhaust gas sensor degradation and to transition out of the second mode responsive to detection of fuel injection sensor degradation. In one example, the transition out of the second mode may be slower than the transition out of the first mode in response to the respective degradation.

Abstract: A system for a vehicle comprising of an engine including a first cylinder group and a second cylinder group; a linear exhaust gas sensor coupled exclusively to the first cylinder group; a switching exhaust gas sensor coupled exclusively to the second cylinder group; and a controller configured to operate the engine in at least a first mode and a second mode, where in the first mode the first and second cylinder groups combust air and fuel, where in the second mode at least one of the first and second cylinder groups combusts air and injected fuel and the other one of the first and second cylinder groups pumps air without injecting fuel, and where the controller is further configured to estimate torque of the engine in each of the first and second modes of operation based on the air-fuel ratio of the first cylinder group and the air-fuel ratio of the second cylinder group independent of the switching sensor and dependent on the linear sensor.

Abstract: The field the patent is classified as is pneumatics. The United States government will soon ban tasers and stun guns from federal use in almost all of its agencies. These agencies will need to replace their arsenals with cheap, less lethal technology. The solution this invention presents is one that can allow government agencies to purchase inexpensive less lethal weapons and still retain the aura of firepower. Principle use of the invention would be for less lethal weapons for government use and recreational and commercial use. The main technical feature of the invention (on page 6), allows the pulsaer invention to function correctly.

Abstract: A trigger assembly which enables trigger actuation to be effected using a smaller amount of applied force than previously known, which has a simple and inexpensive construction and an assembly which without the need for expensive and time-consuming maintenance continuously can be used in sport events. The assembly includes a ram arranged for sliding to and fro in an associated guidance between a retracted position and an advanced position where the ram acted on by a compression spring is opening a gas valve, and a pivotable sear arranged for in a first position to hold the ram in retracted position by means of a first hook of the sear engaging a second hook of the ram and in another position to release said engagement.

Abstract: Superabrasive tools and methods for the making thereof are disclosed and described. In one aspect, superabrasive particles are chemically bonded to a matrix support material according to a predetermined pattern by a braze alloy. The brazing alloy may be provided as a powder, thin sheet, or sheet of amorphous alloy. A template having a plurality of apertures arranged in a predetermined pattern may be used to place the superabrasive particles on a given substrate or matrix support material.

Abstract: Multi-layered superabrasive tools and methods for the making thereof are disclosed and described. In one aspect, superabrasive particles are chemically bonded to a matrix support material according to a predetermined pattern by a braze alloy. The brazing alloy may be provided as a powder, thin sheet, or sheet of amorphous alloy. A template having a plurality of apertures arranged in a predetermined pattern may be used to place the superabrasive particles on a given substrate or matrix support material.

Abstract: A system for cutting stone includes a rotary saw; and a stone support member movably positioned relative to the saw so that a stone workpiece positioned thereon can be cut in two passes, wherein the first pass cuts the stone substantially half way through a thickness of the stone, and the second pass cuts the stone through a remaining thickness of the stone.

Abstract: The inventions disclosed herein relate to restraint devices for gas tanks. In a first embodiment, the tank retainer includes a bracket for engaging with the collar of a gas tank and a tray for engaging with the base of the gas tank. The bracket is preferably stationary wherein the tank, while supported by the tray, is rotated into engagement with a slot formed into the bracket. The tray preferably includes a channel for receiving and restraining the base of a gas tank. The brackets and trays can be used in combination or independently of one another. The bracket and tray are preferably distinct components of a gas grill; however, it is contemplated that the features of the bracket and tray can be incorporated into other components of a barbecue grill such as the frame members and lower shelf of the grill cart.

Abstract: A fuel-fired water heater has a single pass condensing-type heat exchanger disposed within its water storage tank portion. The heat exchanger includes a primary non-condensing portion defined by a combustion chamber positioned in an upper interior portion of the tank and having a spaced series of vertical tubes depending therefrom. A secondary condensing portion of the heat exchanger is defined by a plenum having a top side connected to the bottom ends of the vertical tubes, and a bottom side from which a downwardly coiled flue tube depends. A fuel burner generates hot combustion gases that are sequentially flowed into the combustion chamber and then downwardly through the balance of the heat exchanger in a single pass.

Abstract: A fuel-fired commercial water heater has a three-pass condensing type heat exchanger disposed within its tank and having a vertical flue connected at its lower end to a central collector plenum horizontally circumscribed by an outer plenum to which an exhaust pipe is coupled. A series of vertical tube structures are disposed above and intercommunicate the central and outer collector plenums. The outlet of a fuel burner is coupled to the upper end of the flue and is operative to sequentially flow combustion gases downwardly through the flue into the central collector plenum, upwardly and then downwardly through the tube structures into the outer collector plenum and then outwardly through the exhaust pipe.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light condensing apparatus for solar photovoltaic generation, and more particularly, to a light condensing apparatus for solar photovoltaic generation in which a integration degree of sunlight that is irradiated on a solar cell is improved to a maximum energy efficiency. A light condensing apparatus for solar photovoltaic generation according to the present invention comprises a supporting member that is fixed to the ground, a rotation member that is installed rotatably about the X-axis on the supporting member, a light condensing module that is installed rotatably about the Y-axis and condenses sunlight to convert it into electrical energy, and a first and second angle adjustment device for rotating the rotation member and at least one light condensing module that is installed such that a directivity angle of at least one light condensing module is adjusted automatically depending on the changes of altitude of the sun and the diurnal motion.

Abstract: To heat water that is stored in plastic inner solar bags by protecting them and insulating them with a mobile plastic portable case. Design allows for easy attachment to vehicle roof rack systems and stand alone use also. Plastic inner solar bag notes: These include but are not limited to those in present use as solar powered showers. These bags come in configurations of 1 & ½ to 6 gallons.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to devices that administer single or multiple doses of one or more substances to the eye, nose, or ear of a user. The precise and repeatable dosing features of the presently disclosed devices overcome many of the disadvantages associated with known methods for dispensing substances to, for example, the eye of a user. The devices administer precise doses of a substance to a precise location from ampoules that may be single-dose or two-dose ampoules, which may be externally or internally pierced.

Abstract: A flexible bag aerosol holding chamber is sealed around the outlet passage of the actuator for a pressurized metered-dose inhaler. An elastic-loaded mouthpiece is sealed around the inlet passage of the actuator so that the user may intermittently break the seal around the inlet passage by withdrawing the mouthpiece, thus allowing inhalation of a portion of the aerosol contents of the chamber. In a preferred embodiment the invention the aerosol contains a compound which has traditionally been smoked such as nicotine or a cannabinoid, The user may draw upon the chamber's contents a number of times at a frequency analogous to smoking until the chamber is fully collapsed. One inhaler actuation, and one filled chamber, are comparable to one cigarette. The collapsible bag chamber allows for economy of inhaler actuations relative to user inhalations, without the aerosol being diluted by ambient air.

Abstract: A method for treating nasal cavity irritation, such as symptoms of allergic rhinitis. The method includes inserting a plug of a frozen liquid into a nasal cavity of a patient experiencing nasal irritation. The method also includes holding the plug against a lining of the nasal cavity to reduce the irritation.

Abstract: An improved underwater breathing apparatus includes a gas- and liquid-tight helmet, with an attached air valve, tank coupling and tank bracket. The helmet further includes a flange generally conforming to the shoulders of a user, and incorporates ballast material. The air valve is attached to the helmet with the tank coupling and the tank bracket is attached to the tank coupling. When worn, the tank bracket is oriented substantially parallel to, and a finite distance away from, the user, whereby only the flange contacts the user. In other embodiments the helmet further includes an optically transparent face shield, or the entire helmet is may be manufactured from an optically transparent material. A handle may be attached to the helmet to aid in lifting and storage. The air valve may include an air flow regulator, a compressed air supply coupling or an air flow gauge.

Abstract: Silver particles with a size of 1 nm to 500 nm is provided in a matrix material that is used as a surface coating on medical devices or breathing masks for reducing the germ count on same.

Abstract: A breathing circuit for use with a ventilated patient that includes a heat exchanger for removing water vapor from the breathing gases to prevent condensation within the breathing circuit. The heat exchanger is positioned downstream from the CO2 absorber and receives the breathing gases from the CO2 absorber prior to delivery of the breathing gases to the inspiration limb of the patient circuit. The heat exchanger includes a plurality of inflow tubes and outflow tubes that are each open to a sump removably attached to the heat exchanger. The sump collects the water vapor condensed from the breathing gases within the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A humidifier and humidity sensor is disclosed for use with a breathing assistance apparatus. The humidity sensor preferably includes means to sense absolute humidity, relative humidity and/or temperature at both the patient end and humidifier end. The humidifier may also include provision to both control independently the humidity and temperature of the gases. Further, a chamber manifold is disclosed to facilitate easy connection of the humidifier to various outlets, inlets and sensors. A heated conduit is described which provides a more effective temperature profile along its length.

Abstract: An apparatus, medium, and method for calculating calorie consumption of a user performing physical activity. More particularly, an apparatus, medium, and method for calculating calorie consumption can determine a user's activity pattern via an acceleration sensor attached to the user, and calculate the user's calorie consumption by using a predetermined slope value according to the activity pattern and a heart rate measured via a heart rate sensor attached to the user. Accordingly it is possible to calculate calorie consumption of a user performing physical activity by considering the user's heart rate and the type of physical activity and accurately calculate the calorie consumption by using both an acceleration sensor and a heart rate sensor.

Abstract: A garment incorporating a protective face mask for filtering airborne particulates is provided. The garment outwardly has the appearance of a conventional shirt, sweater or jacket, yet incorporates a convenient, easy to use, and readily accessible protective mask that is always available to the wearer and is ready for use on short notice.

Abstract: Patients may operate a CPAP system to deliver appropriate airway pressure at their home. A patient's apnea problem can be diagnosed at home without supervision with a CPAP device which delivers a continuously minimum appropriate pressure for substantially the entire period of therapy.

Abstract: A collateral ventilation bypass trap system directly linked with a patient's lung or lungs may be utilized to increase the expiratory flow from the diseased lung or lungs, thereby treating one aspect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The system includes a trap, a filter/one-way valve and an air carrying conduit. The system also includes a retention device for securing system elements in position.

Abstract: A disposable vibrating condom ring with internal and external vibration, which is comprised of circular ring, a flexible resin casing, two rigid plastic casings, cylindrical vibrating means and dumbbell shaped vibrating body,wherein the flexible resin casing is integrally formed onto the upper part of said circular ring, and the cylindrical vibrating means coated by two divided rigid plastic casings is inserted inside of the flexible resin casing along the direction of tangent line to the arc of said circular ring and allowed semi-circular opening at the center of each side of said two rigid plastic casings to form a hole slightly bigger than the radius of the neck of the cylindrical vibrating means and allowed said cylindrical vibrating means fully vibrated and jerked to cause internal vibration.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved form of a splint having a contact portion for maintaining the vertical separation of rearwardly opposed teeth in the oral cavity of a patient wearing the splint. The splint is provided with a contact portion for contacting opposed forward teeth to the forward teeth to which the splint is attached such that movement of the opposed forward teeth with respect to the contact portion maintains the spacing of the rearward teeth. The contact portion is provided with a central or intermediate section to which a forward portion is angularly inclined. The splint is optionally provided with a third portion angularly inclined to the central or intermediate portion for stabilising the position of the jaw or teeth to prevent permanent or long term change in the jaw position (strictly).