Abstract: A print data generating apparatus generates print data to be sent to a printing apparatus for printing image data. The print data generating apparatus includes an information storage unit for storing print guarantee area information of the printing apparatus, and an editing unit for editing the image data according to the print guarantee area information stored in the information storage unit. With the configuration, it is possible to generate an image data file according to the printing apparatus and print an image without imperfection.

Abstract: An optical device includes an encoding surface having a micro-relief pattern (22) over at least part thereof designed to produce a predetermined diffracted first image when illuminated in use, and an optically anisotropic layer (26) such as a polymerized liquid crystal provided whereby at least part of the micro-relief pattern (22) induces local orientation of the optically anisotropic layer (26) thereby to impose a predetermined polarization modulation, thereby to produce a predetermined polarization dependent second image when illuminated in use.

Abstract: An apparatus for replicating holographically recorded data, comprising a holographic master media having holographically recorded data thereon; a holographic copy media; a light source for generating a master reference beam and a copy reference beam, coherent with the first object beam, the first master reference beam incident on the holographic master media, the holographic master media diffracting the master reference beam to provide a first object beam; the copy reference beam incident on the holographic copy media; and a first optical relay system, disposed between the holographic master media and the holographic copy media, for relaying the first object beam from the holographic master media to the holographic copy media, the holographic copy media recording an interference pattern between the first object beam and the copy reference beam, thereby replicating at least a portion of holographically recorded data.

Abstract: A hologram optical element having a thin form and a high degree of light transmittance, moreover that provides superior handling ease is provided, as well as a surface light source device employing this hologram optical element. The angle at which light can be bent in this hologram optical element, has low wavelength dependency, and the hologram optical element enables prevention of spectral separation in white light incident from an oblique direction which is bent to a vertical direction and emitted. A transmitting diffraction grating, when light of wavelengths ?1, ?2 and ?3 within the ranges 0.46??1?0.50 ?m (blue light), 0.53??2?0.57 ?m (green light), 0.60??3?0.64 ?m (red light) is incident at angle ?i, the maximum diffraction angle for diffractive efficiency of each wavelength is within the range from ?5 degrees to +5 degrees.

Abstract: Provided are: a light-diffusing plate for a liquid crystal display device which plate can give an assured or improved luminance with assured light-diffusibility, suppress itself from dimensional changes caused by moisture absorption, and also prevent the device from deterioration caused by ultraviolet light generated from a lighting unit; and a polycarbonate resin composition for a light-diffusing plate which has both high light transmittivity and light-diffusibility and is excellent in flame retardancy. The present invention is a light-diffusing plate for a liquid crystal display device which plate has a lamination structure comprising two or more kinds of plastic layers; said lamination structure having at least two layers of which are different from each other in refractive index.

Abstract: A polarisation control device is provided comprising in sequence an array of electrically switchable holographic lenses, a half wave plate and an electrically switchable beam deflecting holographic optical element. Said switchable holographic devices each operate on light having a first polarisation state. Light in a second orthogonal polarisation state is not affected by said switchable holographic devices. The half wave plate contains an array of apertures that overlap substantially with the focal regions formed by the holographic lenses. Light propagating through said apertures retains its polarisation state. The beam deflecting holographic optical element deflects and diffuses collimated input light. A further diffusing element may be used to apply additional diffusion to the light emerging from the beam deflecting holographic optical element.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus includes an illumination optical system that includes an optical integrator for forming a secondary light source from the light, and a variable stop arranged at or near a position where the secondary light source is formed, the diameter variable stop that defines a NA of the illumination optical system, a projection optical system that includes an aperture stop arranged at a position substantially optically conjugate with the variable stop, the aperture stop defining a numerical aperture of the projection optical system, and a controller for controlling the aperture diameter of the variable stop as the aperture diameter varies so that an image of the secondary light source can fall within the aperture diameter of the aperture stop.

Abstract: A holographic display comprises a spatial light modulator, SLM, arranged to display a set of tiled holographic images, and illuminating means for illuminating a surface of the SLM. Replay means are provided for focusing light reflected from the SLM surface to present a three dimensional image. The illuminating means comprises a light source appearing substantially at a DC spot position of the replay means.

Abstract: An optical scanner system and method having a light source, a first mirror rotatable along a first torsion axis to reflect light from the light source, a first vibrator to vibrate the first mirror, a second mirror positioned adjacent to the first mirror and rotatable along a second torsion axis different from the first torsion axis, a second vibrator to vibrate the second mirror, and a mirror reflecting the light reflected from the first mirror to the second mirror. In addition, microminiaturization may be further embodied by applying an MEMS technology. Further, a vibrating body may be designed to vibrate with high frequencies by reducing the size and mass of the vibrating body. Through embodiments of the present invention, it is also possible to prevent interference between light entering a mirror package and the finally reflected light.

Abstract: To provide an image forming apparatus including a plurality of laser scanning units having deflecting and scanning means which deflect and scan light fluxes emitted from a plurality of light sources, respectively; a plurality of image bearing members on which electrostatic latent images are formed by scanning the light fluxes by means of the deflecting and scanning means; and a plurality of development units which develops the electrostatic latent image formed on each of the plurality of image bearing members with toners of colors with different brightness; wherein the rotational phases of the plurality of deflecting and scanning means are controlled, respectively, based on the light flux for scanning an image bearing member on which a toner image of which color has a lower brightness among a plurality of image bearing members which is scanned by the deflecting and scanning means is formed.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a substrate in which photoelectric elements have been formed, and an array of optical path conversion elements formed at a light so that the optical path converted light may be incident on the substrate, wherein each of the optical path conversion elements has different tangent line gradients on the corresponding parts of incident surfaces according to distances from the center of the image sensor in order to compensate for differences of incident angles of incident light according to the distances from the center of the image sensor. In addition, a method for fabricating the image sensor fabricates the optical path conversion elements according to a photolithography process using a gray scale mask, combinations of the photolithography process and a reactive ion etching process, or combinations of the photolithography process, the reactive ion etching process, and an UV-molding process.

Abstract: A laser scanner assembly comprising a rotating mirror, a first laser unit configured to generate at least a first laser beam, and a second laser unit configured to generate at least a second laser beam is provided. The rotating mirror is configured to direct the first laser beam along a first optical path during a first time period and along a second optical path during a second time period that is subsequent to the first time period, and the rotating mirror is configured to direct the second laser beam along a third optical path during the first time period and along a fourth optical path during the second time period.

Abstract: A laser processing machine includes several workstations for one workpiece each, a laser for generating a laser beam, and a laser beam deflecting device. The deflecting device includes a rotatably disposed deflecting mirror for deflecting the laser beam in the direction of several workstations through turning the deflecting mirror about an axis of rotation.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a plurality of light sources, a deflector, optical systems, and a plurality of light shielding units to shield flare light from an opposite optical system. Two light shielding units are arranged not to satisfy ?=n(360/x) degrees, where ? is an angle formed by a line from a portion of one light shielding unit nearest the deflector to a rotation axis of the deflector and a line from a portion of the other light shielding unit nearest the deflector to the rotation axis of the deflector with the rotation axis of the deflector being an apex angle, x is the number of mirror faces of the deflector, and n is an integer not more than x.

Abstract: In a scanning optical device which polarization-scans a plurality of fluxes of light by one rotary polygon mirror to form a multi-color image by irradiating beams on a plurality of photosensitive drums, respective, the fluxes of light being incident on the rotary polygon mirror have different angles with respect to a reference plane defined by a normal line of a reflecting surface of the rotary polygon mirror and a rotating direction of the rotary polygon mirror, and a flux of light polarization-scanned at the largest angle between the flux of light and the reference plane is irradiated on a photosensitive drum on which a color image having the highest brightness is formed. With this configuration, a scanning optical device in which a defective image caused by an optical face tangle error can be improved without improving the precision of parts and an image forming apparatus including the scanning optical device are provided.

Abstract: In a scanning optical device which deflects a light flux from a light source with a deflection scanning unit to perform light scanning to a body to be scanned through at least one optical member, the scanning optical device is characterized by including a holding member 29, a position adjusting unit, and an abutting unit. The holding member 29 which is swingable holds a diffraction optical element 23 which is of at least one of the optical member. The position adjusting unit swings the holding member 29 to adjust an attitude of the diffraction optical element 23 held by the holding member 29. The abutting unit has a viscoelastic member 33a which abuts on the holding member 29.

Abstract: In an exposure unit including: a laser scanning unit emitting a multiple number of beams; a polygon mirror for deflecting the multiple beams by reflection with the same facet; an optical system including optical elements for leading the beams correspondingly to a multiple number of photoreceptor drums laid out along an auxiliary scan direction, the bottom of a casing of the exposure unit to which the polygon mirror and the optical elements arranged along the directions of the beams emitted from the polygon mirror are attached is constructed so that the attachment portions of individual optical elements for each beam are differentiated in thickness from the areas where no attachment portion is formed.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an MEMS mirror scanner capable of achieving a scanning operation at a speed equivalent to or higher than a polygon mirror scanner and including a supporting structure for a flexible mirror, which can be driven even by drive force having a small electrostatic force. A scanning mirror is formed between a pair of suspension beams formed in a rod-like manner and arranged on the same straight line on a substrate and is oscillatably supported by using the straight line as an oscillation axis, and further, an electrostatic capacity drive unit is disposed along either side or both sides of the suspension beam.

Abstract: A torsional hinged mirror structure having back-to-back reflective surfaces and suitable for use in a laser printer imaging system is disclosed. There is also disclosed an optical layer and a support structure that does not interfere with either of the two incident light beams as the two reflected beam sweeps.

Abstract: Switching uniformity of an optical modulation device for controlling the propagation of electromagnetic radiation is improved by use of an electrode comprising an electrically resistive layer that is transparent to the radiation. The resistive layer is preferably an innerlayer of a wide-bandgap oxide sandwiched between layers of indium tin oxide or another transparent conductor, and may be of uniform thickness, or may be graded so as to provide further improvement in the switching uniformity. The electrode may be used with electrochromic and reversible electrochemical mirror (REM) smart window devices, as well as display devices based on various technologies.

Abstract: Provided is an optical element including a substrate; a first at least partial coating of an at least partially ordered alignment medium connected to at least a portion of at least one surface of the substrate; a second at least partial coating of an alignment transfer material that is connected to and at least partially aligned with at least a portion of the at least partially ordered alignment medium; and a third at least partial coating connected to at least a portion of the alignment transfer material, the third coating including at least one anisotropic material that is at least partially aligned with at least a portion of the at least partially aligned alignment transfer material and at least one photochromic-dichroic compound that is at least partially aligned with at least a portion of the at least partially aligned anisotropic material.

Abstract: An optical element including: a substrate; and an at least partial coating having a first state and a second state on at least a portion of the substrate, the at least partial coating being adapted to be circularly polarizing or elliptically polarizing in at least one state and containing: a chiral nematic or cholesteric liquid crystal material having molecules that are helically arranged through a thickness of the at least partial coating; and at least one photochromic-dichroic compound that is at least partially aligned with the liquid crystal material such that a long axis of a molecule of the photochromic-dichroic compound is generally parallel to the molecules of the liquid crystal material.

Abstract: A security element connected to at least a portion of a substrate, the security element including an at least partial coating having a first state and a second state connected to at least a portion of the substrate, the at least partial coating being adapted to switch from a first state to a second state in response to at least actinic radiation, to revert back to the first state in response to thermal energy, and to linearly polarize at least transmitted radiation in at least one of the first state and the second state.

Abstract: A method of making an optical element including overmolding an at least partial coating of an at least partially ordered liquid crystal material and at least one at least partially aligned photochromic-dichroic compound on at least a portion of an optical substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a micro-mechanical thermal structure for modulating a light beam and a method for manufacturing such a structure. The micro-mechanical structure comprises two layers of material with different thermal expansion coefficients in a first direction and a second direction respectively, in which the first direction is transverse to the second direction and the two layers comprise an oriented polymer and the director of the molecules of the oriented polymer of the first layer is transverse to the director of the molecules of the oriented polymer of the second layer. An array of such micro-mechanical structures may form a thermo-optical modulator for modulating light. The method comprises a step of providing a mold with an orientation-inducing layer to obtain a molecular orientation in a mono-meric state of liquid crystalline monomers and a step of fixing the molecular orientation by photo-polymerization.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator having a multi-layer mirror is described.

Abstract: A scalable apparatus and a network environment dynamically changes the light transparency of a single SPD device, a small number of SPD devices or thousands of such SPD devices installed in windows in automobiles, aircraft, trains, marine vehicles, residential homes, commercial buildings and skyscrapers. A scalable apparatus and a network environment dynamically changes the light transparency of a single SPD device or thousands of such SPD devices in the presentation of a multi-media special effects display. Textual messages, graphical images and simulated motion effects are driven. Such scalable apparatus being capable of driving and using several operational parameters of SPD materials such as frequency range, AC voltage and temperature so as to provide fine control of SPD characteristics such as switching speed and power consumption.

Abstract: A problem to be solved is to provide a method of forming domain inverted regions of short period in a ferroelectric single crystal in a controllable time period of application of voltage and an optical wavelength conversion element using the same. A solving means of it solves the problem by forming (i) a control layer having a larger defect density Dcont1 than the defect density Dferro of a ferroelectric single crystal (Dferro<Dcont1) or forming (ii) a control layer having a lower degree of order of lattice points than the degree of order of lattice points of the ferroelectric single crystal on a face perpendicular to the direction of polarization of the ferroelectric single crystal in the ferroelectric single crystal.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an anti-dazzling film that can be provided by high-speed coating and can meet market demands for an increased area and homogeneous properties and lowered cost while enjoying satisfactory scratch resistance. The present invention provides the anti-dazzling film comprises a triacetylcellulose film and an anti-dazzling layer provided on the triacetylcellulose film. The anti-dazzling layer comprises: a light transparent resin comprising an acrylic resin; plastic light transparent fine particles; and a leveling agent comprising a copolymer comprising (meth)acrylic acid repeating units containing at least one perfluoroalkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms and (meth)acrylic acid repeating units having at least one bornane ring. A low-refractive index layer is provided on the anti-dazzling film to constitute an antireflection film.

Abstract: The invention relates to the provision of an optical device having first and second viewing passages which are selectively spaced apart to suit the interocular distance between a user's eyes. The device also included at least one image capturing device to allow a digital image to be captured. The invention provides a means whereby adjustment between the first and second viewing passages can be taken into account when capturing the image so as to reduce the problems caused by the angular adjustment.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing multiple images of a specimen, having a sliding microtome, is disclosed. The specimen is secured in a specimen holder, movably in a plane. A knife having a cutting edge is arranged above the specimen that is movable along a cutting direction. Provided on the side opposite the cutting edge of the knife is a microscope having a camera for acquiring a respective image of the just-produced cut surface of the specimen.

Abstract: A luminescence analysis apparatus, in particular for fluorescence microscopy, has a lighting assembly having a lighting unit which includes a preassembled module housed inside a housing; the module is defined by a LED mounted on a plate, and by an optical collimating element connected integrally to the LED and located in close proximity to the LED; the optical element is a catadioptric collimator made of transparent plastic material and designed to internally convey and transmit the light emitted by the LED, so as to generate a substantially parallel beam of light rays which is directed onto a luminesce sample for analysis.

Abstract: A scanning microscope includes an excitation light beam, a stimulation light beam, an objective, an optical component and an optical system. The excitation light beam optically excites a first area of a specimen. The stimulation light beam triggers a stimulated emission or an additional excitation in a second area of the specimen, the second area at least partially overlapping with the first area of the specimen. The objective focuses the excitation light beam and the stimulation light beam. The optical component influences a shape of the focus of the excitation light beam and/or of the stimulation light beam. The optical system images the optical component into the pupil of the objective and adjusts a size of an image of the optical component.

Abstract: A display device comprising: a display cell including at least two color regions, each of the at least color regions including a right-eye pixel and a left-eye pixel corresponding to a right eye and a left eye of a viewer, respectively; and a lenticular cell including at least two lenses corresponding to the at least two color regions, wherein the at least two lenses having different focal lengths

Abstract: At least one exemplary embodiment is directed to an optical system which includes a compound optical element including a lens element and a resin layer having different optical characteristics and having an aspherical interface therebetween. When Rref is a reference radius of curvature of the interface within an effective diameter, L is a distance from a diaphragm, ndg and ?dg are a refractive index and an Abbe number, respectively, of a material of the lens element at the d-line, and ndj and ?dj are a refractive index and an Abbe number, respectively, of a material of the resin layer at the d-line, the following expressions are satisfied: ?1.5<Rref/L<?0.3 one of 0.1<|ndg?ndj| and 5<|?dg??dj|.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an optical part having an anti-reflecting membrane which is low in resistance and high in adhesion and is sharply improved in light transmittance by reducing reflectance of light, and a display apparatus using the same. According to the present invention, there are provided an optical part which transmits or partially reflects light, wherein a light receiving face or a light outgoing face has an anti-reflecting membrane which comprises inorganic oxide particles and a binder, has a thickness of 60-190 nm, and has pores of 5-200 nm in size, and a display device using the same.

Abstract: Provided is a display panel having a high-performance antireflection layer at a low cost. In a liquid crystal display panel or an organic light-emitting diode display panel constituted by a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate and a liquid crystal layer between these two transparent substrates further includes an antireflection layer on a portion which is at least one display area and a visible side (outer surface) by a viewer, and layers made of the same material as the antireflection layer formed on at least the opposite side (inside surface) of the surface of the portion corresponding to the display area and on three edge faces.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a light-diffusing film for a backlight unit of a thin film transistor-liquid crystal display. Specifically, the current invention provides a light-diffusing film, including a transparent base sheet, a light-diffusing layer, which is laminated on any one surface of the base sheet and includes a light-diffusing resin and light-diffusing particles, and an antiblocking layer, which is laminated on the other surface of the base sheet and includes an antiblocking resin and antiblocking particles, in which the light-diffusing particles satisfy a predetermined relation between a specific surface area and a radius thereof. Accordingly, the light-diffusing film of the current invention can uniformly diffuse light transmitted from a light source lamp positioned at the side surface or back surface of a display device, thus realizing vivid and distinct display images.

Abstract: A diffusion sheet interposed between a light guide plate and a prism sheet includes: a light reflection unit reflecting a feedback light toward the prism sheet again, the feedback light being returned by the prism sheet.

Abstract: A device for homogenizing light contains at least one homogenizer device having an entrance surface and an exit surface for the light that is to be homogenized. An array of cylinder lenses is disposed on the input surface and an array of cylinder lenses is disposed on the output surface of the at least one homogenizer. Cylinder axes of the cylinder lenses of the at least one homogenizer are oriented in a parallel manner in relation to each other. A configuration for illuminating a surface and to a configuration for focussing the light from a laser light source into a linear focussing area use the device for homogenizing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a projection lens system comprising a double-gauss architecture with aspheric lens elements at the beginning and end of the lens system with a system stop therebetween and an acromatic lens element pair between each aspheric lens and the system stop. Also provided is a projection lens family comprising a plurality of lens systems, each having a double-gauss base architecture with aspheric lens elements at the beginning and end of the lens system with a system stop therebetween and an acromatic lens element pair between each aspheric lens and the system stop. Each lens system is optimized to provide a different cost/performance option.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus has an optical zoom function, with which the image imaged on the imaging device (CCD) is enlarged and reduced by moving an optical system, and an electronic zoom function, with which the image data generated by the imaging device is electronically enlarged and reduced. In an imaging mode (pixel-number conversion mode) in which the image generated by the imaging device is recorded with the number of pixels lower than that of the imaging device, the imaging apparatus performs control so that only the electronic zoom is actuated when a total zoom magnification is not more than a predetermined value.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a compact size variable power optical system capable of producing a high quality image. The variable power optical system comprises a plurality of lens groups for forming an optical image on an image surface of an image pickup device. Among the plurality of lens groups, the first lens group, which is disposed in the most subject side has a negative refraction power, includes at least a lens having a negative refraction power and a reflective optical element for bending the optical axis. When varying the variable power, the axial distance between the first lens group and the image surface varies. When Nd denotes the refraction power of the lens having negative refraction power at d-line, the refraction power satisfies the conditional formula Nd>1.81.

Abstract: An exemplary zoom lens system includes a negative first lens group and a positive second lens group. The first lens group includes a meniscus-shaped first lens with negative refracting power and a second lens with positive refracting power. The first lens has a concave surface facing an image side. The second lens group includes an aperture stop, a biconvex third lens with positive refracting power, and a meniscus-shaped fourth lens with negative refracting power. The fourth lens has a concave surface facing an object side. The first lens, the second lens, the aperture stop, the third lens and the fourth lens are aligned in that order from the object side to the image side.

Abstract: A compact zoom lens optical system that includes: a first lens group having positive refractive power; a second lens group having negative refractive power; a third lens group having positive refractive power; and a fourth lens group having positive refractive power, wherein the first through fourth lens groups are arranged sequentially from an object, zooming is performed from a wide angle position to a telephoto position so that the distance between the first lens group and the second lens group increases, the distance between the second lens group and the third lens group decreases, and the distance between the third lens group and the fourth lens group increases, and the first through fourth lens groups satisfy: 6 ? L W F W + L t F t ? 8 where Lw denotes a distance between a first surface of an object-side lens of the first lens group and an image surface when in the wide angle position, Lt denotes a distance between the first surface of the object-side lens of the first lens group a

Abstract: At least one exemplary embodiment is directed to a zoom lens which includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens unit with a negative refractive power, a second lens unit with a positive refractive power, and a third lens unit with a positive refractive power. A first gap between the first and second lens units when the zoom lens is at a wide-angle end is smaller than the first gap when the zoom lens is at a telephoto end, where a second gap between the second and third lens units when the zoom lens is at the wide-angle end is larger than the second gap when the zoom lens is at the telephoto end. The second lens unit includes at least one positive cemented lens.

Abstract: A motor structure with a built-in lens includes a lens mount (10), a motor (30) received in the lens mount, and a lens unit (50) received in the lens mount. The lens unit is drove by the motor to telescopically move along an axial thereof when a rotor (34) of the motor is rotated. A guiding member (70) arranged on an end of the motor for preventing an axial movement of the motor. The guiding member includes at least a leg (78) extending along an axial direction therefrom for guiding the axial movement of the lens unit.

Abstract: A light-valve system is adapted to recycle light includes a light-valve, which is optically coupled to a projection lens. The illustrative systems also includes a light recycling device, which reflects at least a portion of the light that is reflected by the light valve back along a light path of the system and to an imaging surface increasing the brightness of an image.

Abstract: An image forming optical system comprising, in order from an object side: a negative lens unit having one or two negative lenses without including any positive lens; a reflecting member; an aperture stop; and a positive lens unit having one or two positive lenses without including any negative lens.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical imaging device, in particular an objective 1 for microlithography in the field of EUVL for producing semiconductor components, having a beam path 2, a plurality of optical elements 3 and a diaphragm device 7 with an adjustable diaphragm opening shape. The diaphragm device has a diaphragm store 7a, 7b with a plurality of different diaphragm openings 6 with fixed shapes in each case, which can be introduced into the beam path 2.