Abstract: An animal caging system has a plurality of stackable support trays with integral water supply conduits to supply water sequentially to each cage and eliminate any channels of stagnant water. Each support tray includes a vertical support member that engages the vertical support members of adjacent support trays in a stacked relationship, and a number of cage docking stations arranged around the vertical support member. The vertical support member includes a water supply conduit that extends to each cage docking station of the support tray and has openings in fluid communication with corresponding openings in the water supply conduits of adjacent support trays. In this manner, the water supply conduits of the stacked vertical support members combine to supply water in a single flow path to the cage docking stations on each support tray.

Abstract: A system having beauty, medical and bath functions for pets capable of easily achieving beauty, medical and bath functions for pets at home, pets hospital and pets shop is disclosed. The system having beauty, medical and bath functions for pets, comprising a bathtub stand for fixing a pet's head and body; a bathtub stand height adjusting unit for supporting the bathtub and adjusting the height of the bathtub stand; and a bathtub for storing water therein, wherein said bathtub stand height adjusting unit is installed at a bottom of the bathtub.

Abstract: A restraint for an animal in the form of a collar that is capable of closely conforming to the skeletal structure of the animal at a number of different locations in order to limit physical movement of the head of the animal. The restraint collar includes a body having an upper member adapted to be situated below a jaw of the animal in a region of an upper portion of the animal's neck, and a lower member adapted to be situated in a region of a lower portion of the animal's neck. The body upper member includes a jaw guide located between two upper member crests and having a portion extending downwardly and below the crest towards the lower member. It is adapted to be situated at a central area of the animal's neck. The crests are adapted to fit below the sides of the animal's jaw to provide for a desired restraint.

Abstract: A clam shell buckle including an elongated base and cover plate, pivotally connected together at one extremity to be selectively pivoted from a closed to an open position. The cover includes on its free end a depending capture pin to engage a base in the free end of a strip anchored on its opposite end to the base.

Abstract: A heating and hot-water supplying system which includes a fuel cell and a boiler installed in either one of a home or a building. The fluid may be heated by reaction heat from the fuel cell and combustion heat from the boiler, and circulated to heat an inside of a floor of either one of the home or the building. Further, the reaction heat from the fuel cell and the combustion heat from the boiler may be used to heat water, thereby providing hot water to either one of a lavatory or a kitchen of the home or the building.

Abstract: A low NOx water heater including a water container, a combustion chamber adjacent the water container; and a burner associated with the combustion chamber and arranged to combust fuel to heat water in the water container, the burner comprising a plenum chamber having a combustion surface and a device to detect the presence of the collection of lint, dirt and/or oil.

Abstract: A water heater including a water container; a combustion chamber adjacent the water container; a burner associated with the combustion chamber; a blower assembly located to receive combustion products generated by the burner; an intake conduit sealingly connected to the combustion chamber and having a combustion air intake opening located adjacent an upper portion of the water heater; and a dilution air conduit sealingly connected to the blower assembly and having a dilution air intake opening located adjacent a lower portion of the water heater.

Abstract: A device for a fitting for connecting together one or more heat exchangers to a hot water container of the pressure type in the following manner. A connection in the form of a cylindrical pipe with a first end fastened to the wall and/or the hot water container, and a second end is connected to further piping. The connection having an inner diameter that is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the pipe of the heat exchanger, and an inner pipe-formed sleeve having an inner diameter that is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the pipe of the heat exchanger. The pipe of the heat exchanger fits into the sleeve of the connector. The sleeve squeezes the pipe to create a smaller diameter for the purpose of providing a leak-proof connection between the pipe of the heat exchanger, the connection and the inner sleeve.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed reactor designed to be fed with air and convertible to operate with an oxygen-rich mixture, comprising a reaction chamber (1) horizontally bounded by vertical walls, at least two centrifugal separators (2A, 2B) and a heat recovery element called a heat exchanger cage (3), a reactor also comprising means for introducing a fluidization gas into the reaction chamber using at least one wind box (4) placed under the reaction chamber, and for maintaining a circulating fluidized bed of particles in said chamber, means for transferring gas which must be dedusted from the chamber to the separators, means for discharging the particles separated from the separators and means for transferring the dust-free gases from the separators to the exchanger cage.

Abstract: A cooling system for a combustion engine having a cooling passage system in an engine block comprising a main cooler HWK which is arranged in a cycle with the cooling passage system of the combustion engine, a water pump and a first thermostat TH1 in said cycle, a hot water heat exchanger HWT which is connected to the water pump 12 through a bypass and a bypass valve, a second thermostat TH2 in the bypass passage, the opening temperature of the thermostat valve of the second thermostat TH2 is significantly lower than the opening temperature of the thermostat valve of the first thermostat TH1, the thermostats being arranged such that upon closed thermostat valve B of the second thermostat TH2 below its opening temperature a minimum amount of water flows through the cooling passage system through the heat exchanger HWT, upon opened thermostat valve B of the second thermostat TH2 a larger amount of water flows through the cooling passage system from its opening temperature on and upon the opening temperature of

Abstract: The present invention has provided a welding forged steel single piece piston and its manufacturing methods. A semi-finished head and a semi-finished skirt are forged respectively; the semi-finished head and semi-finished skirt are heat-treated respectively; rough machining is carried out respectively to the semi-finished head and the semi-finished skirt, and a face of weld between the two adjacent ring grooves is higher than the one under the combustion chamber; the head and the skirt are welded together through friction welding; an annular groove, a combustion chamber, a ring groove, a pinhole, an outer annulus and oil inlet/outlet holes are manufactured respectively; and the surface of the piston is phosphorized and graphitized. Compared with one-piece forged piston, it has better processing technology, because the head and skirt are forged respectively and then welded together.

Abstract: A compression ignition internal combustion engine having at least one combustion chamber for high ignition pressures. Each combustion chamber comprises a cylinder bore in the crankcase or a cylinder liner in the cylinder bore, a piston, and a cylinder head. Spaces for conveying coolant are disposed in the crankcase such that coolant flows about walls of the cylinder bore or a liner. The cylinder head has coolant chambers. The internal combustion engine has a separate cooled plate disposed between the combustion chamber and the cylinder head. The cooled plate forms a surface cover of the combustion chamber and is connected in a positively engaging and gas tight manner with the crankcase and/or the cylinder liner. Valve seats for at least one inlet valve and at least one outlet valve are disposed in the cooled plate, and at least one injection valve extends through the cooled plate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a self-priming portable powered device such as a tool, comprising a housing within which are defined a priming combustion chamber and a main combustion chamber, within which chambers during operation of the device there is a combustion of a combustible fuel and a combustion-supporting gas; and wherein a combustion event in the priming combustion chamber causes the formation of a mixture of fuel and combustion-supporting gas in the main combustion chamber which is compressed at a pressure above ambient pressure, subsequent combustion of the compressed mixture in the main combustion chamber acting on a work piston which, directly or indirectly, performs the intended task.

Abstract: A cylinder block for an integral gas compressor and internal combustion engine. The cylinder block has a bank of compressor cylinders and a bank of engine cylinders, such as in a V-shaped configuration. Valve train openings are machined into the cylinder block adjacent to the engine cylinders so that engine valve train components, such as push rods, may be disposed therein. No valve train openings are machined into the cylinder block adjacent to the compressor cylinders; the block is left solid. A compressor utilizing the cylinder block is also disclosed.

Abstract: A crankcase scavenged two-stroke engine (1) comprises a cylinder (15) including scavenging ports (31, 31?) and at least one exhaust port, a piston (13), a connecting rod (17), a crankshaft (18) and a generally sealed crankcase (16). The crankcase inducts a fuel/air mixture and is connected to the scavenging ports (31, 31?) by means of transfer ducts (3, 3?) which, as the piston (13) is travelling from a lower position towards a higher position, are inducting pure air let in from connecting ports (8, 8?) near the scavenging ports (31, 31?) in the cylinder (15). The transfer duct (3, 3?) volume is less than 20% of a volume swept by the piston (13) during an entire revolution of the crankshaft (18). Recesses (10, 10?) are formed in an outer periphery of the piston (13), said recesses (10, 10?) co-operating with the connecting ports (8, 8?) in the cylinder wall for controlling the filling of the transfer ducts (3, 3?) with air.

Abstract: A kind of variable engine valve control system with pressure difference comprises hydraulic supply equipment, hydraulic actuator apparatus, valve and spring controlling piston balance. The hydraulic actuator comprises hydraulic cylinder, piston and piston rod. The piston rod is coupled and moved with the valve. It is characterized by that the said piston divides the hydraulic cylinder into upper chamber and lower chamber. The said hydraulic supply equipment is connected with the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through the fluid inlet pipe and the said lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the hydraulic supply equipment through the pressure difference proportional relief valve.

Abstract: In a procedure to operate an internal combustion engine with an electrohydraulic valve control which comprises electrically activated oil control valves for hydraulic actuators for the actuation of charge-cycle valves, a motor control unit as well as an output stage unit, which is connected to the motor control unit via a data link, at least a limited operation of the internal combustion engine is made possible during a breakdown of the data bus between the motor control unit and the output stage unit, in that the output stage unit is transferred into an autonomous mode of operation during a breakdown of the data link to the motor control unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device (1) for controlling an internal combustion engine upon starting, having a detection means (420) which detects operating parameters of the engine, in which a calculation means (410), taking the detected operating parameters before the start of the engine into account, specifies a starting strategy, and the calculation means (410), as a function of the specified starting strategy, defines control parameters for controlling a runup to engine operating speed, and a control means (430) monitors the runup to engine operating speed, and in the event of a runup to engine operating speed that deviates from the starting strategy, the control means (430), adapts the control parameters accordingly.

Abstract: In an engine which starts using a recoil starter, ignition chance during inertia rotation is not missed. If the engine 42 is rotated by the recoil starter 41, output of a power generator which is directly connected to the engine 42 is increased, and a CPU 27 is reset at timing t0. At timing t1, if pulse P1 is input from a revolution number sensor 29 to the CPU 27, the CPU 27 outputs first ignition instructions when predetermined time T1 is elapsed (t2). At timing t3, second pulse P2 is input. At that time point, since the CPU 27 is normally operated, ignition timing is obtained from an ignition timing map 30 in accordance with the revolution number calculated by a time interval between the pulses P1 and P2, and the ignition instructions are output at timing t4 in accordance with the ignition timing. Thereafter, the ignition timing is determined using the ignition timing map 30.

Abstract: A sound increase apparatus includes a first hollow body member that communicates with an intake flow path of an internal combustion engine, a second hollow body member that communicates with the first hollow body member, and a vibration member capable of vibrating in an out-of-plane direction, which is inserted in a connection between the first and second hollow body members and closes a cross section of the connection. The second hollow body member has a plurality of opening portions, each of which communicates with the air.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine of a vehicle traveling on the road, the method comprising of damping engine vibration with a damper coupled to the engine, and when said damping is reduced, preventing engine speed from falling below a threshold value, at least under selected operating conditions, to reduce degradation of the engine that would otherwise occur.

Abstract: A balancer apparatus including a first balancer and a second balancer. The first balancer includes a first balance weight and the second balancer includes a second balance weight and wherein the first and second balance weights are asymmetrical. The first and second balancers include first and second center of gravities that are longitudinally aligned when the first and second balancers are assembled in a housing.

Abstract: The invention has many aspects. One aspect is that of an internal combustion engine (8010) that has a piston (8020) within a cylinder (8022) and has a crankcase (8012), defining a combustion chamber (8024) and crank volume (8026). A passageway (8032 and 8034) links the combustion chamber (8024) and the crank volume (8026). There is provided valve means (8038) for selectively closing the linking passageway and valve means (8030) for selectively closing and inlet to the crank volume (8026). In another aspect, there is an improvement to a scotch yoke fluid device. A displaceable member for relieving pressure in a variable volume chamber in the cylinder where combustion is occurring is provided. The invention includes a method of varying power output of a scotch yoke device, by choosing cylinder angle, pin angle and firing order in various ways. The invention also deals with other aspects of scotch yoke designs.

Abstract: A piston engine which has at least one dry-running piston-cylinder unit. It has a first housing (1), at least one cylinder arranged in or on the first housing (1) in which a piston is reciprocably arranged. The piston-cylinder unit further has a first crankshaft (4) and a second crankshaft (5), the first and second crankshafts (4, 5) being arranged parallel to each other and synchronously rotating in opposite directions. The axes of rotation (X, X?) of the crankshafts (4, 5) are arranged parallel to a center plane (Z) of the cylinder, and they are laterally offset relative thereto. First and second piston rods (6, 7) are pivotally connected to piston (3). The first piston rod (6) has a first end pivotally connected to piston (3) and a second end connected to a crank pin (40) of the first crankshaft (4). The second piston rod (7) has a first end that is pivotally connected to piston (3) and a second end that is pivotally connected to a crank pin (50) of the second crankshaft (5).

Abstract: An lubrication device for an engine includes: a crank case which freely rotatably supports a crank shaft and also which stores oil at its lower part; an oil strainer which is so arranged as to be fixed in the crank case; and an oil pump which suctions the oil at the lower part in the crank case via the oil strainer. In the lubricating device, the machining efficiency can be improved by reducing the time of machining to a crank case to thereby decentralize machining processes, and also the oil temperature can be reduced.

Abstract: For the conversion of a reciprocatory into a rotary motion or vice versa, a reciprocating member is acting upon at least one cam of a driveshaft. Among the benefits and advantages resulting from the choice of the cam profile, there is the possibility of a single cylinder engine which is full balanced, with respect to forces and moments, and a three-in-line which is balanced as perfectly as the Wankel rotary, i.e. perfect balance not only as regards inertia forces and inertia moments, but also as regards inertia torques. It turns out that the form of the profile of the cam and the location of its axis of rotation, relatively to the axis of the reciprocation are substantially limitless.

Abstract: Reciprocating engine construction wherein a rotating assembly converts the linear motion of the piston into rotational motion more efficiently, therefore yielding more torque and working power while using less fuel. The rotating assembly is three components working together, an interchanger unit with track rollers mounted at both ends and attached at it's center to the connecting rod by bearings allowing it to rotate while reciprocating, a stationary cylindrical unit having opposing wave shaped races (tracks) encircling it's perimeter with slopes of at least 45 degrees to convert the reciprocating motion to rotational motion on a one to one ratio 90 degrees perpendicular to the axis of the interchanger as the track rollers follow the slopes of the races, a rotating carrier that keeps the track rollers aligned and transfers the converted rotational motion to the output shaft by means of gears.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine having a fuel-driven combustion motor, making possible a differentiation of faults in the fuel delivery system. Fuel is delivered under pressure to the combustion motor via a fuel delivery system. A pressure decay rate in the fuel delivery system is determined, and a fault is inferred as a function of a comparison of the pressure decay rate with a predefined threshold value.

Abstract: A system and method for avoiding loss of prime in a primed fuel system of a diesel engine (10) that propels a motor vehicle. With the engine running, a control system (14) shuts down the engine when a fuel level sender (20) indicates an incipient risk of the fuel system losing its prime due to insufficient fuel in the tank (16). In one embodiment, the engine cannot be re-started until more fuel is added to the tank. Another feature allows engine re-starting and limited running after a shut-down by first turning the ignition switch (48) to OFF.

Abstract: In at least some embodiments, the present invention relates to an air cleaner having a housing portion, and a low profile rain cover having an opening on an underside of the cover to allow unfiltered air to enter into the air cleaner. Also, in at least some embodiments, the present invention relates to an air cleaner including a housing and an additional component by which the air cleaner is capable of being directly coupled to a carburetor inlet. In some such embodiments, one or more protrusions can be provided within a channel formed by the housing/additional component to influence air flow. Further, in at least some embodiments, the present invention relates to an air cleaner having a shaped wall formed on a housing portion, where the shaped wall includes both an interior surface and an exterior surface by which air flowing within the air cleaner is imparted with helical motion.

Abstract: An engine torque management system of a V-style engine utilizes a cylinder head metal temperature sensor in each cylinder head to detect a temperature. When the sensor temperature rises above a threshold value for a particular time period, the response software shuts down the fuel injection of a bank of cylinders in which the sensor is installed. Cool, uncombusted intake air cools that bank and an external fan blows air over that bank. If the sensor in the second bank of cylinders rises above the threshold, the fuel injection on that bank shuts off to undergo cooling while the fuel injection on the first bank restarts. Alternation between the two banks occurs to maintain the desired level of torque demanded by the vehicle driver.

Abstract: An engine is provided to facilitate installation of a compressor on an engine. The engine can include a crankshaft, a front end, and an installation structure, and can be disposed in an engine compartment having an opening for accessing the engine. The installation structure can comprise an installation mount that can be disposed at the front end of the engine. The installation mount can extend generally normal to the crankshaft of the engine. The installation mount can include a surface configured for mounting the compressor. Further, the installation mount can be configured with the surface thereof facing toward the opening of the engine compartment. Additionally, the installation structure can be configured to facilitate meshing engagement of the crankshaft with a drive shaft of the compressor.

Abstract: To balance ignition retard for reduction in exhaust and increase in exhaust gas temperature at a start of cooling, and increased output under a full open condition. There are provided an upward spray that forms airflow toward an electrode portion of an ignition plug at a start of cooling, a central spray oriented toward the electrode portion of the ignition plug by the airflow by the upward spray, and lateral sprays that prevent fuel from adhering to a wall surface under a full open condition and form uniform air/fuel mixture.

Abstract: A method for controlling fuel injection into a direct injection, compression-ignition internal combustion engine is provided. The engine preferably comprises a diffusion-combustion engine equipped with a fuel-injection system comprising a high-pressure fuel system and a plurality of fuel injectors each adapted to inject fuel directly into a combustion chamber of the engine and a controller. The controller is adapted to monitor engine operation and an operator torque request, and determine a quantity of fuel to inject into one of the combustion chambers during a combustion cycle. Each fuel injector is actuated to selectively execute one of one, two, and three fuel injection events to deliver the determined quantity of fuel to the combustion chamber during the combustion cycle.

Abstract: A fuel conditioning device for increasing fuel burning efficiency and reducing pollutant emissions. The device contains: a hollow housing with an interior wall with a first surface roughness, a flow diverter disposed in an intermediate portion of such hollow housing, and a compound venturi disposed in said hollow housing downstream of such flow diverter. The compound venturi contains a multiplicity of radial venturis and a descending conical section disposed downstream from said radial venturis. The descending conical section is defined by a wall whose interior surface has a second surface roughness that is no greater than 0.1 times as great as said first surface roughness.

Abstract: An intake manifold with a swirl system for an internal combustion engine having a number of cylinders; the intake manifold has, for each cylinder, an intake conduit connecting the intake manifold to the cylinder and in turn having two parallel channels; the swirl system has, for each intake conduit, a throttle valve housed inside a channel of the intake conduit to vary the air flow section of the channel, and which has a throttle mounted to rotate about an axis of rotation.

Abstract: A secondary air injection system for improving emissions of internal combustion engines. The secondary air injection system includes an engine cylinder head and exhaust system designed to be used with or without a secondary air system.

Abstract: A retainer device is provided suitable for supporting a valve shaft in a variable intake system. Preferred retainer devices can stably support a valve shaft of a variable intake system and may suitably include a shaft support part that can engage a valve shaft of the variable intake system; a fork part that can engage a valve shaft locking bolt; and a stop part spaced from the fork part by a distance sufficient to position the locking bolt between the fork part and the stop part. In preferred systems, even if a valve shaft locking bolt fastening the valve shaft is undesirably loosened during engine operation, the locking bolt is prevented from being completely removed from the retainer, thereby avoiding potential engine damage.

Abstract: To make easier designing of an idle control apparatus for a multiple throttle body inexpensively, first and second air control holes (5, 6) are open to an upper side wall (2a) of a valve body slidable hole (2) of a control apparatus main body (1) in an idle air control apparatus (S) between one side wall (17) of a first throttle body (T1) and another side wall surface (26) of a second throttle body (T2), first and second air holes (9, 10) are open to a lower side wall (2b), first and second bypass air passages (18, 27) communicate with the first and second air control hole (5, 6) via the one and other side wall surfaces (17, 26) respectively, and first and second air introduction path (19, 28) communicate with the first and second air holes (9, 10) via the one and other sidewall surfaces (17, 26) respectively.

Abstract: A fuel management system detects theft of fuel from the fuel tank (81) of a working machine (1) or insertion of foreign matter into the fuel tank, and issues an alarm. The total operating hours of the working machine (1) and the actual volume and weight of the contents of the fuel tank (81) are measured immediately after the start and stop of the working machine (1), and transmitted to a server (10) which calculates the fuel consumption amount from the total operating hours, calculates the volume and weight of the fuel assumed to remain in the fuel tank (81) from the fuel consumption amount, and compares the calculated volume and weight with the actual volume and weight. If a large difference is detected in the volume or weight, an alarm is transmitted to a user terminal (20) and to the working machine.

Abstract: An engine and method of operating an internal combustion engine with either a continuously variable speed transmission or electric drive is provided. The engine and method comprises operating the engine at its optimum engine speed throughout a range of vehicle speeds through, supplying pressurized air from an intake manifold to an air intake port of a combustion chamber in the cylinder, and operating an air intake valve to open the air intake port to allow the pressurized air to flow between the combustion chamber and the intake manifold during a portion of a compression stroke of the piston. In at least one embodiment, the engine and method further comprises using a mixture of pressurized air and recirculated exhaust gas.

Abstract: A regulating device for regulating the air intake of an internal combustion engine, and comprising at least one throttled body having at least one air feed conduit connectable to the engine, and a first and second throttle housed in said at least one feed conduit to regulate air intake of the engine on command; the regulating device comprises a manually operated accelerator control device connected mechanically to the first throttle to rotate the first throttle about a first axis of rotation into an operating angular position related to the engine torque demanded by the user operating the accelerator control device; and electric control means for rotating the second throttle about a second axis of rotation into a target angular position determined as a function of the operating angular position of the first throttle.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a fuel injection apparatus includes a high-pressure passage, a low-pressure passage, an actuator, a first and a second piston, a displacement amplifying chamber, a fuel injection mechanism, and a fuel supplier. The high-pressure passage is configured to be filled with high-pressure fuel. The low-pressure passage is configured to be filled with low-pressure fuel. The first piston is configured to be displaced by the actuator. The displacement amplifying chamber communicates with the low-pressure passage and works to amplify and transmit to the second piston a displacement of the first piston by means of the low-pressure fuel therein. The fuel injection mechanism is configured to inject the high-pressure fuel into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine in response to the displacement of the second piston. The fuel supplier works to supply the high-pressure fuel from the high-pressure passage through pressure reduction directly to the low-pressure passage.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for automotive diesel engine is provided which is equipped with a fuel pressure sensor working to measure the pressure of fuel in an accumulator and a pressure-reducing valve working to drain the fuel from the accumulator. The system is designed to ensure enhanced reliability of diagnosis of the pressure-reducing valve. The system works to make a temporal diagnosis of the pressure-reducing valve based on the behavior of the pressure in the accumulator upon opening of the pressure-reducing valve after an ignition switch is turned off. After elapse of a given period of time, when it is determined that a value of the pressure in the accumulator, as measured by the fuel pressure sensor, lies near the atmospheric pressure, the system determines that the fuel pressure sensor is operating properly and fixes the temporal diagnosis of the pressure-reducing valve ultimately.

Abstract: A high pressure fuel pump control apparatus for an engine can suppress or avoid uncontrolled fuel delivery of a flow control valve upon delivery of a maximum amount of fuel, and resultant great deterioration in drivability and exhaust gas. An advance angle setting limiting section limits a closed position of the flow control valve from being set to a location advanced from a predetermined advance angle limiting position. A flow control valve control section decides a target pressure in accordance with an engine operating condition, and sets the closed position such that the fuel pressure coincides with the target pressure. When the closed position is being controlled to be limited to the advance angle limiting position, and when the fuel pressure does not show a tendency to coincide with the target pressure, the advance angle limiting position is changed from the last set value to a value more retarded therefrom.

Abstract: To obtain a small and high performance damper mechanism which reduces pressure pulsation in low pressure-side fuel in the high pressure fuel pump in a high pressure fuel supply system or a high pressure fuel pump provided with the small and high performance damper mechanism. Two metal diaphragms are welded together over the entire circumference to obtain a metal diaphragm assembly (also referred to as “double metal diaphragm damper”). The whole or part of the portion of the metal diaphragm assembly other than the weld (for example, the portion inside the weld) is clamped by a pressing member and thereby the assembly is secured in a housing enclosure. The housing enclosure may be formed integrally with the body of a high pressure pump.

Abstract: A fuel injection controller of a diesel engine calculates a requirement injection amount based on an operation amount of an accelerator pedal and rotation speed of the engine. The fuel injection controller divides the requirement injection amount into multiple injections. Injection amounts of the divided injections are set to monotonically increase with respect to an order of the injections. Thus, even if a simple fuel injection device is used, the fuel injection controller can suitably achieve both of reduction of a discharge amount of nitrogen oxides and reduction of fuel consumption.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of identifying noncompliant fuel of a vehicle and improving drivability. The method comprises: (a) confirming a present coolant temperature after the vehicle has been started, (b) setting a coolant temperature factor value based on the coolant temperature, (c) setting an RPM reference value based on the RPM, (d) determining whether an RPM incremental value reaches the RPM reference value, (e) setting a calibration learning value if the RPM incremental value is smaller than the RPM reference value, (f) calculating a learning value of fuel injection volume, (g) calculating the fuel injection volume for start injection based on the calculated fuel injection volume, (h) determining whether a start state of the vehicle has completed, and (i) calculating the fuel injection volume after start injection and fuel injection for acceleration or deceleration if the start state has been completed.

Abstract: A valve (49) which is intended for insertion into the line connecting a fuel pump to a system of injection valves and which is designed as a pressure-maintaining valve is characterized by a pipe body (50) intended to have a flow passing through it, into which a sleeve (53) is inserted which forms a damping cylinder (55) in a middle region, inside which damping cylinder one end of a blocking body (57) is received so as to be able to slide in the direction of the axis (58) of the pipe body (50). The opposite end of the blocking body (57) is characterized by a sealing body (67) which is formed from an elastomeric material and which cooperates with a valve seat (66) which is allocated a through bore (65) in a transverse wall (63) of the pipe body (50). The blocking body (57) lies against this valve seat under resilient pretensioning and the movement of the blocking body is damped or is accompanied by the lowest possible noise development by reason of the cooperation with the damping cylinder.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions control system for small internal combustion engines includes a control valve associated with a fuel line and with a vent line which each connect the fuel tank to the carburetor. When the engine is not running, the control valve automatically closes the vent line and the fuel line, thereby trapping fuel vapors within the fuel tank and vent line and preventing the supply of liquid fuel to the carburetor. Upon engine start up, actuation of a bail assembly or vacuum produced within the carburetor causes the control valve to open the vent line and the fuel line, venting fuel vapors from the fuel tank through the fuel line to the carburetor for consumption by the engine, and opening the supply of liquid fuel from the fuel tank to the carburetor.