Abstract: A carpet is having a raschel fabric to the back face. The raschel fabric consists of wefts which are inlay-yams and warps which are chain-stitched yarns. The warp consists of chain-stitched ground yarns 3a, 3b, and a pile yarn 4 which forms standing loop piles on specified courses and which is chain-stitched with the ground yarns except said specified courses. The pile yarn consists of two mono-filaments 5, 5. The two mono-filaments 5, 5 are twisted at least one time per the length of each loop pile. Cut piles are formed by mechanically cutting the each loop pile near the top thereof. The two mono-filaments in the cut pile are disjoining each other and standing with inclination at random direction on the raschel fabric. When the carpet is placed on the surface of a mat, each mono-filament which is formed on the back face of the carpet, bites into the surface of the mat. Therefore, it is prevented that the carpet is displaced.

Abstract: A multifilament yarn composed of multiple filaments as thin as 0.5 to 1.5 dTex is used for all warp knitting yarns (1, 2) and warp weaving yarns (21 to 35-N) of a tape main body (A). As for an exposed portion on a side of a coupling head of each element covered with multiple fixing yarns (11, 11), when it is assumed that a distance from a front end of each coupling head (Eh) to an inside face of a connecting portion (Ec) is (a) while a dimension of a covered portion of an element (E) covered with the fixing yarns (11, 11) in a direction of a leg portion (El) thereof is (b), a value of a ratio (b/a) is larger than 1/2 and 4/5 or less.

Abstract: A method of bracing a security container relative to the structural features of a building in a substantially tamper-proof manner wherein said security container including at least one container means (2) having an interior (3) for storing valuables therein, said container means (2) having at least one opening (7) thereinto, a closure means (8) covering said at least one opening (7) into the container means (2), and locking means (16) to secure the closure means (8) over the opening (7), said security container being configured to be fitted into a recess within a surface and the security container further including retention means, said retention means including bracing means (30a), said bracing means (30a) characterized by effecting a brace relative to one or more permanent structural features associated with the surface to impede forced removal of the security container from said recess.

Abstract: A reset fixture for a rekeyable lock cylinder includes a housing with a central recess for receiving a cylinder body. A first opening communicating with the central recess is defined in the housing for receiving a reset tool. A second opening communicating with the central recess is defined in the housing for receiving a bracing bar.

Abstract: A liquid sprayable leaf fertilizer composition which contains a growth-promoting, long-chained, substantially water-insoluble carbon compound, such as an aliphatic alcohol, in a liquid carrier substance. The composition includes the long-chained carbon compound, particularly an aliphatic alcohol, dissolved in oil, the composition being an oil-in-water emulsion. The invention also relates to the use of the composition for supplying a growth-promoting substance onto the superterranean parts of plants. The aliphatic alcohol is preferably 1-triacontanol, and the oil is a vegetable oil, such as rapeseed oil.

Abstract: A roll stand for rolled strips of different materials includes rolls which are axially displaceable under load, wherein each displaceable roll has at least one hydrodynamic oil film bearing. a hydraulic unit for effecting the axial displacements is integrated into the hydrodynamic oil film bearing such that the hydraulic unit is adapted to the shape of the hydrodynamic oil film bearing. The diameter of the hydraulic unit is greater than the diameter of the bearing shell of the hydrodynamic oil film bearing. an annular piston has on a circumference thereof a ring which is axially displaceable with the annular piston in a groove of the annular cylinder, wherein annular space portions of the piston are in connection with a control hydraulic system through separate hydraulic connections, so that pressure can be applied to both sides of the ring of the annular piston. each roll has a position indicator connected to a free end of the roll neck of the roll for determining axial position.

Abstract: An upsetting method high in productivity of an upsetting manufactured product is provided. An extruder 11 and a closed-die 20 divided into two pieces are prepared. The divided members 21 and 21 of the closed-die are combined with each other so that the tip end portion of an extrusion nozzle 13 is arranged in a cavity 25 of the closed-die 20 with the extruded raw material 1 extruded from the extrusion opening 15 of the extrusion nozzle 13 of the extruder 11. With this, the closed-die 20 is formed, and the extruded raw material 1 is clamped by and between clamping portions 22 and 22 provided at both the divided members 21 and 21.

Abstract: The most important purpose of the present invention is to provide a sturdy and highly accurate bending tool which is capable of bending as deeply as over 90 deg with no need for using a mechanism, such as an extra motor, cylinder, or the like.

Abstract: A heater cartridge and a molding apparatus using the heater cartridge are provided. The molding apparatus includes a mold comprising at least one cartridge channel and a heater cartridge inserted to the cartridge channel, the heater cartridge comprising a main body casing, a plurality of heating sectors dividing an inside of the main body casing, and a heating part provided to at least one of the heating sectors to heat a predetermined area of the mold. The heater cartridge and molding apparatus having same provide uniform heating to enhance thermal efficiency and the quality of a product.

Abstract: In the metal billet to be used for hot dilation forming, a forward side with respect to the pressing direction has a quadrate section and its diagonal length is not more than an inner diameter of a container. Moreover, a backward side with respect to the pressing direction has a circular section and its diameter is substantially same as the inner diameter of the container. The metal billet is heated to a temperature suitable for press working and is set into a container for press forming. While a center of a workpiece of the metal billet is being bored by a boring punch to be operated by a pressing machine, the metal billet is hot-dilated so that a bottomed container for a cask is formed.

Abstract: An automatic idle adjusting apparatus with a side shift function automatically adjusts the position of guides according to the kind of the workpiece provided and adjusts the distance between two workpieces processed using one metal mold. The apparatus includes two idle bases, a plurality of guides, and a plurality of three-axis moving means on the idle bases that move the guides. The three-axis moving means each comprises an X-axis guide block, a Z-axis guide block movably connected to the X-axis guide block, and a Y-axis guide block movably connected to the Z-axis guide block; one of the guides is movably connected to the Y-axis guide block. A shifting means is also provided that adjusts the distance between the idle bases.

Abstract: A hybrid metal forming system includes a die cavity defined by a first die and a second die and a press adapted to apply a static pressure over the first die to deform a workpiece against the second die. The hybrid forming system also includes a dynamic loading system coupled to and positioned between, the press and the die cavity.

Abstract: The invention provides press brake and press brake tooling technology. Certain embodiments of the invention provide a press brake tool that has an elongated, retractable safety key. In certain embodiments, the invention provides click-in/slide-out press brake tools. In some of these embodiments, the tool has a safety key defining a flat (i.e., a planar wall section/planar surface) that is adapted for sliding along a surface of a tool holder when the tool is dismounted from the holder by moving the tool horizontally out of the holder. In certain embodiments, the flat has a longitudinal length of at least about 0.008 inch (in some cases, at least about 0.010 inch, at least about 0.015 inch, or at least about 0.020 inch), ranging up to the full longitudinal length of the tool. In certain embodiments, the invention provides a press brake tool and a tool holder in combination. Finally, the invention in some embodiments provides methods of press brake operation.

Abstract: A method for operating a sensor for recording particles in an exhaust gas flow and a device for carrying out the method are provided, in which at least one measure of the exhaust gas flow is ascertained and in which the measure of the exhaust gas flow is taken into consideration in the valuation of the particle sensor signal made available by the particle sensor. The procedure is based on the knowledge that the exhaust gas flow, for instance, the exhaust gas volume flow, has an influence on the particle sensor signal made available by the particle sensor, especially when the measuring effect is based on the depositing of particles on a sensor surface. Using the procedure, a possibly present cross sensitivity of the particle sensor with respect to different exhaust gas flows is taken into consideration, so that the measuring accuracy is increased.

Abstract: An ultrasonic inspection reference standard for composite materials having porosity may include a member, having at least one thickness and defined by a plurality of holes, that is manufactured from a fiber-free polymer resin. The ultrasonic inspection reference standard may have similar acoustic properties to prior art, porous, fiber-reinforced, composite reference standards, at lower manufacturing cost. A photo-polymer resin reference standard, having at least one thickness and defined by a plurality of holes, may be created using a stereo lithography process. The polymer resin reference standard may replace more costly porous, fiber-reinforced, composite reference standards. The ultrasonic inspection reference standard, manufactured from a polymer resin, may be used for ultrasonic inspection of porous, fiber-reinforced composite parts in the aircraft industry and in other non-aircraft applications.

Abstract: A helmet includes a head enclosure with an open cavity for the head of a user and a shock detector attached to the head enclosure that provides a signal when the head enclosure is subjected an impact exceeding a predetermined level.

Abstract: A portable, preferably explosion-proof gas meter is improved in respect to shock loads and has a cylindrical measuring cell (5) and an evaluating circuit on a printed circuit board (6). The measuring cell (5) is connected to the printed circuit board (6) and is mounted in the housing in a shock-absorbing manner in the radial and longitudinal directions and is in gas flow connection with the environment through openings (40) in the housing.

Abstract: An oxygen sensor includes a sensing element detecting an oxygen concentration in a measurement gas that flows in a pipe, a cylindrical protector which covers an outside of the sensing element and whose top end portion projects toward an inside of the pipe. An outside diameter D of the protector and a projection amount L of the protector inside the pipe are set so that a ratio of the product of the outside diameter D and the projection amount L (D×L) to a cross-sectional area S of a flow passage of the pipe becomes substantially smaller than or equal to 2.5%.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a composition including live crude includes separating the composition into a vapor phase and a liquid phase. A composition of the vapor phase is determined with a gas chromatograph. At least a portion of the liquid phase is deposited in a vessel, and a headspace vapor phase is collected from the vessel. A composition of the headspace vapor is determined with the gas chromatograph.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a gas chromatograph having a display screen. The gas chromatograph includes an explosion-proof housing and a transparent panel secured to the housing. The display screen is disposed in the housing and is visible through the transparent panel. A gas chromatograph (GC) assembly is disposed in the housing and includes a column for separating components of the gas and a detector for detecting the components of the gas. An electronics assembly is disposed in the housing and includes a microprocessor and memory. A graphical user interface (GUI) software application is stored in the memory and is executable by the microprocessor to display a plurality of windows on the display screen. The windows contain information about the operation of the gas chromatograph.

Abstract: A method for measuring a lower heating value of a gaseous fuel. The method includes mixing a gaseous fuel with air to provide a combustible air-fuel mixture. The air-fuel mixture is directed to flow across a flow surface of a first micro-hotplate maintained at a constant temperature. A change in power required to maintain a constant temperature of the first micro-hotplate flow surface due to a convective and conductive heat transfer from the first micro-hotplate flow surface to the air-fuel mixture is measured. The air-fuel mixture is directed to flow across a flow surface of a second micro-hotplate maintained at a constant temperature. The air-fuel mixture is combusted as the air-fuel mixture flows across the second micro-hotplate flow surface. A change in power required to maintain a constant temperature of the second micro-hotplate flow surface due to the combustion of the air-fuel mixture is measured.

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a sensor element holder, a porcelain insulator, an outer cover disposed on a housing to surround the porcelain insulator, and a sensor element disposed in the housing. The gas sensor also includes outside springs and at least one pair of terminal springs each of which is disposed between the porcelain insulator and the sensor element in abutment with the sensor element. The terminal springs work to form a nip in which a thickness of the sensor element is retained. The outside springs are disposed between the porcelain insulator and the outer cover and have a combined spring constant which is greater than or equal to that of the terminal springs, thereby causing external pressure to be transmitted more to the outside springs than to the terminal springs to suppress vibrations of the porcelain insulator effectively to avoid application of an undesirable impact to the sensor element.

Abstract: A method detects proper connection of a test connection to an endoscope port which leads to an interior space beneath a flexible sheath on an endoscope. Both the interior space and an air buffer are pressurized and then isolated from each other. Pressure in the interior space is vented and the isolation is removed. After the pressure settles out the new pressure is compared with the first pressure. If it has not dropped substantially it is determined that the test connection is not properly attached and the interior space is in fact not being pressurized.

Abstract: A lighter device having a flow restrictor and associated methods for manufacturing and testing such lighter device and flow restrictor are described. The flow restrictor may be formed of a porous member to achieve a substantially fixed or varying flame height. The flow restrictor may be tested before or after assembly into a lighter housing by receiving a non-combustible fluid therethrough. The flow rate of the non-combustible fluid may be correlated to the flow rate of a combustible fluid through the flow restrictor to approximate the resultant flame height of a lighter incorporating the tested flow restrictor. The flow restrictor may also be tested by receiving a combustible fluid therethrough prior to assembling the flow restrictor into the lighter housing. In this manner, flow restrictors and corresponding lighter devices may be tested without introducing combustible fluids into such lighter devices prior to shipment. Also, a vacuum may be drawn on a fuel tank of the lighter prior to shipment.

Abstract: The invention relates to integrity testing of porous material using a plurality of gases and to an apparatus and system for performing the same.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention generally related to a method and apparatus foe scanning a v-bank filter. In one embodiment, an apparatus for scanning a v-bank filter includes a hollow body having first and second ends. An outlet, formed at the second end of the body, is adapted for coupling a testing device to an interior volume of the body. A plurality of holes are formed through the body and are fluidly coupled to the interior volume. In another embodiment, a method for scanning a v-bank filter includes inserting a probe having a plurality of sample ports into a filter adjacent a filter pack, and traversing the probe along the filter pack. In yet another embodiment, a method for scanning a v-bank filter includes scanning a slot of a v-bank filter with a probe, and collecting samples of gas passing through the filter an into the probe.

Abstract: In a process for controlling a tank of an aircraft in flight configuration, provided with at least one filling fitting and at least one purge fitting, a detection gas supply is connected to at least one of the purge or filling fittings. An adaptor for measuring pressure and/or controlling the concentration of detection gas to at least one of the purge fittings is connected when the supply is connected to one of the filling fittings or to one of the filling fittings when the supply is connected to one of the purge fittings. A detection gas under pressure is injected into the tank, and at the periphery of the tank the presence of detection gas from a possible leak is detected.

Abstract: Various devices and methods employing a resistive phase change material are disclosed.

Abstract: A chromatographic monitor includes an array of flow cells with individual light sensors that are collectively an array of photodiodes. The output from the photodiodes are multiplexed. To prevent losing information, the photodiodes are each connected to a different one of a plurality of inputs to the multiplexer through a corresponding one of a plurality of circuits that stores energy during the time the one inlet is not connected through the multiplexer to the signal processing circuitry that forms a part of an absorbance monitor. Preferably, the energy storing circuit is a non-switching circuit with low bandwidth and a flat-topped response to an impulse. This improves the signal to noise ratio. A one pole low pass filter with a (1-1/e) Dirac pulse fall time and equal to the multiplex entire cycle repeat time can perform this function and a one pole low pass filter provides satisfactory results.

Abstract: Novel methods for monitoring and recording fouling of aqueous systems are disclosed. The methods employ a heat transfer test assembly including an outer tube member, a heating rod positioned within the outer tube member, a ribbed tube sleeve fitted over the heating rod and thermocouples for sensing the wall temperature of heating rod. The heat transfer test assembly is connected to a monitoring and recording assembly that is connected to or includes a piping assembly. The piping assembly and the heat transfer test assembly are placed in fluid communication with a heat exchanger. Fouling determinations of fluid flowing through the piping assembly are made at varying flow rates with simultaneous monitoring and recording of the flow rates together with data, such as corrosion, pH, conductivity, and the like.

Abstract: A method of inspecting the profile of the connection zone between the cylindrical portion and the taper of a turbomachine part, the surface profile of the part being geometrically defined by at least one first zone corresponding to the taper of the part, at least one second zone corresponding to the connection between the cylindrical portion and the taper of the part, and a third zone corresponding to the cylindrical portion of the part, the method consisting in measuring the surface profile of the part; from the measured surface profile, modeling the contact pressures that apply to the surface of the part for each of its zones; and comparing the contact pressures modeled for the second zone of the surface profile of the part with predefined threshold values.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, there is a force sensor for a probe based instrument. The force sensor can comprise a detection surface and a flexible mechanical structure disposed a first distance above the detection surface so as to form a gap between the flexible mechanical structure and the detection surface wherein the flexible mechanical structure is configured to deflect upon exposure to an external force, thereby changing the first distance over a selected portion of the gap, the change in distance at the selected portion orienting a probe tip of the force sensor for multi-directional measurement.

Abstract: A method for exciting free torsional vibrations in a spring cantilever, which is clamped in on one side and has a longitudinal extension, of an atomic force microscope (AFM) is disclosed.

Abstract: A probe instrument having a probe that interacts with a sample surface to perform a mechanical property measurement at high speed includes a scanner producing relative motion between the sample and the probe. In addition, a probe actuator produces relative motion between the sample and the probe, in a generally vertical direction, and a controller that generates a scanner drive signal and an actuator drive signal. The probe actuator is responsive to the actuator drive signal and has an operable bandwidth of at least about 50-80 kHz to perform the fast force curve measurements. The probe actuator is preferably located at least partially on the cantilever. Moreover, feedback during normal operation may be interrupted to perform a force curve measurement with the integrated actuator.

Abstract: In a control system for a gas turbine engine that uses the outlet pressure of the turbine as an importation control parameter, when the high pressure sensor for detecting the outlet pressure of the turbine is found to be faulty, it is determined if an estimated value of the outlet pressure of the compressor is normal or not, and substitute the output value of the high pressure sensor with the estimated value if the estimated value is normal and with the inlet pressure of the fan or a value proportional thereto if the estimated value is not normal. Thereby, the control system is given with such a substitute value for the output of the high pressure sensor in case of a failure of the high pressure sensor that would prevent any abrupt changes in the behavior of the engine and allow the engine to be operated in a stable manner.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a limited rotation motor system is disclosed. The method includes the step of providing a motor control frequency domain signal that is representative of a frequency domain representation of the motor control signal responsive to a first digital signal that is representative of a motor control signal. The method also includes the step of providing a position detection frequency domain signal that is representative of a frequency domain representation of the position detection signal responsive to a second digital signal that is representative of a position detection signal.

Abstract: A method for monitoring exhaust gas condensates to identify corrosive conditions is provided. The method includes producing an exhaust gas stream by combustion in an engine and supplying the exhaust gas stream to an exhaust system. The exhaust gas stream may be cooled to form a condensate. The conductivity of the condensate may be measured, and the conductivity measurement may be normalized to a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: Two SODAR systems (12a and 12r) for detecting and characterizing vortices (16) shed from landing or departing aircraft (14) as at an airport (10) are positioned so that one, the active system (12a) is located beneath the likely vortices (16) and the other, the reference system (12r) is located away from the vortices but in the same ambient environment. Thus, where a wind duct or thermal inversion (18) is present, both SODAR systems will detect echoes (22 and 28) generated thereby, whereas only the active system (12a) will detect echoes (24) from wake vortices (16). By differencing the outputs of the reference and active systems, better vortex identification and discrimination is achieved. Only one SODAR system need be used where sufficiently normal conditions prevail between aircraft activity, since readings taken in the absence of aircraft can be used as reference data for subtraction from ‘active’ data recorded during the presence of aircraft.

Abstract: A thermal airflow meter excellent in flow-rate measurement accuracy is provided. The airflow meter has a flow-rate measuring element comprising a heat resistor and a temperature-compensating resistor which are formed on the a first base member. A second base member of the airflow meter, provided with a drive circuit and a signal processor, is housed in a casing holding the flow-rate measuring element. The flow-rate measuring element is disposed in an air passage. Of two temperature sensors for measuring temperature at each of two points in the thermal airflow meter, respectively, a first temperature sensor is provided on the fist substrate of the flow-rate measuring element, and a second temperature sensor is provided inside the casing. The signal processor has a function of computing an airflow rate, an air temperature, and an air passage wall face temperature on the basis of an output signal of the flow-rate measuring element and respective output signals of the first and second sensors.

Abstract: A gas flow measuring apparatus includes a detecting element including a heating resistor and a thermo-sensitive resistor disposed on a diaphragm and external terminals connected to the heating resistor and the thermo-sensitive resistor, and a flow rate detecting unit which controls heating temperature of the heating resistor and which detects a flow rate of gas according to a change in a resistance value of the heating resistor or the thermo-sensitive resistor. The detecting element includes a resistor area in which the heating resistor and the thermo-sensitive resistor are formed and a fixed section area in which the external terminals are formed. A stress mitigating unit is formed between the resistor area and the fixed section area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-contained device to maintain a specific level of liquid in a pool, spa or other small body of water. More specifically, the invention relates to a self-contained mechanical device that can be detachably mounted to a spa at a desired level and maintain the level of liquid in that spa using a floatation device connected to a stopper via a lever arm. As liquid enters the device chamber through a liquid intake opening, the flotation device rises along with the level of liquid in the device. A liquid outlet opening allows the liquid in the device to exit into the spa to be maintained, thereby equalizing the level of liquid in the device and the spa. When the liquid rises to a desired level, the flotation device rises as well, pulling the lever arm and closing the stopper over the liquid intake opening.

Abstract: A tank gauge for measuring the level of a liquid in a tank or other container is disclosed. The gauge comprises a float which floats on the surface of the liquid to be measured or monitored, mechanically linked to a direct drive system for indicating the level of the liquid with easily read numbered wheels. This direct drive system provides a one-to-one ratio of liquid level indication with the length of play of the chain.

Abstract: A measuring reservoir for measuring the volume of the second component of a two-component mixture by the given volume of the first component and the given ratio of the mixture components is described. The reservoir has a housing of transparent material with measuring scales marked on the outside. The first scale is for the measurement of the volume of the first component, the second scale is a ratio scale on which there are marks corresponding to the ratio of the volumes of the components. One of the scales is stationary and marked on the outside of the housing, the other scale is movable along the stationary scale. A cursor is coupled to the movable scale in a cantilever manner. The cursor is shaped as a plank or rod oriented along the side surface of the housing on which a level curve of the second component is marked.

Abstract: A programmable vehicle gauge generates and presents display information in accordance with a user modifiable gauge processing configuration. In the exemplary embodiment, data from one or more digital sensor systems is extracted from a digital sensor signal in accordance with a user modifiable data extraction configuration, the extracted data is processed in accordance with a user modifiable display information generation configuration to generate the display information and a user modifiable presentation configuration defines how the display information is presented through an output device. In accordance with the user modifiable presentation configuration, a controller generates control signals to activate visual display devices in a particular format to present the display information generated from the extracted data.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods to control the frequency of a plurality of gyroscopes are disclosed. The gyroscopes are configured such that each individual gyroscope operates independently of one another and at the same pre-determined frequency. To accomplish this, the natural frequency of each gyroscope is determined, and a reference signal is added to the output signal of its respective gyroscope such that the sum of the natural frequency and the reference signal frequency equals the pre-determined frequency. Thus, each individual gyroscope, though it may include its own individual natural frequency, operates autonomously at the pre-determined frequency.

Abstract: The method and apparatus in one embodiment may have: providing a two-dimensional axisymmetric oscillator having a beam containing two principal elastic axes and two principal damping axes; driving the beam with drive components to oscillate across comers of the beam at approximately 45 degrees to sides of the beam, the drive components having forcer components that provide drive and pickoff components that provide feedback; and oscillating the beam in a normal mode and a reverse mode.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a package having a cavity in the interior thereof, a support member that extends out from a face of the cavity, and a semiconductor element fixed to the support member without contacting the faces that form the cavity.

Abstract: A MEMS sensor driving device drives a MEMS sensor including a supporter provided on a surface of a substrate, an elastic member having one end connected to the supporter, and an oscillator which is supported by another end of the elastic member in a suspended state over the surface of the substrate and which is displaceable for the substrate. The MEMS sensor driving device includes a detecting unit for detecting an oscillation of the oscillator, and a feedback unit for amplifying a signal representing the oscillation detected by the detecting unit and inputting the amplified signal as a driving signal to the MEMS sensor.

Abstract: Oscillator circuits formed using various different topologies can be used to generate signals depending on the capacitance of a capacitive sensor. The sensor capacitance is used to pull the resonance frequency of a resonator included in an oscillator circuit. As the capacitance changes, the oscillator frequency changes in direct relation. The oscillator signal is then transmitted via a suitable transmission link to a receiver, where it is recovered and processed as desired.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor-type three-axis acceleration sensor having a high shock resistance, a small difference between outputs of piezo resistors of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis, a small size, high sensitivity and a high output. A flexible arm is composed of flexible widening parts and a flexible parallel part. The flexible widening part has a maximum stress part. The piezo resistors are arranged on an upper surface of the flexible arm so that a terminal of the piezo resistor is positioned at the maximum stress part. The Z-axis piezo resistors are positioned close to the width centerline of the flexible arm, while the X-axis and Y-axis piezo resistors are apart from the width centerline. Moreover, the Z-axis piezo resistors are shifted in the longitudinal direction of the flexible arm from the maximum stress part so as to reduce the output difference between the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis piezo resistors.