Abstract: An electrolysis cell (10) contains a number of carbon anodes (12) having top, bottom and side surfaces, operating in molten electrolyte (17) in an aluminum electrolysis cell (10), where gas bubbles (28) are generated at the anode surfaces and where alumina particles (20) are added to the top of the molten electrolyte, where the carbon anodes (12) have one inward slot (21) passing through the carbon anode (12) along the longitudinal axis 40 of the carbon anode and also passing through only one front surface (25) of the carbon anode, where the height (32) of the slot (21) is from about 45% to 80% of the anodes thickness and the slotted front surfaces (25) are disposed toward the center of the electrolysis cell so that generated gas bubbles (28) are directed to the alumina particles.

Abstract: A non-porous Zn2+ conducting inorganic lamellar layer is formed on the zinc coating of galvanized steel or on a zinc anode of an electrochemical cell. The layer reduces the rate of the unwanted chemical reaction of zinc and oxygen but allows desired electrochemical reactions underlying the cathodic protection of the steel and the efficient utilization of zinc anodes in electrochemical cells, e.g., a physiological buffer solution or serum as their electrolytes. The ion conducting non-porous lamellar layer having a hopeite phase Zn3(PO4)2.4H2O may be formed spontaneously on, e.g., NAFION® coated zinc anodes discharged in neutral pH saline phosphate solutions.

Abstract: Provided is a surface processing method of a sputtering target, wherein a target surface in which intermetallic compounds, oxides, carbides, carbonitrides and other substances without ductility exist in a highly ductile matrix phase at a volume ratio of 1 to 50% is preliminarily subject to the primary processing of cutting work, then subsequently subject to finish processing via polishing. The sputtering target subject to this surface processing method is able to improve the target surface having numerous substances without ductility, and prevent or suppress the generation of nodules and particles upon sputtering.

Abstract: A sputtering target for a sputtering chamber comprises a backing plate and titanium sputtering plate mounted on the backing plate. The sputtering plate comprises a central cylindrical mesa having a plane, and a peripheral inclined annular rim surrounding the cylindrical mesa, the annular rim being inclined relative to the plane of the cylindrical mesa by an angle of at least about 8°.

Abstract: A sensor includes an oxygen pump cell; an oxygen pump chamber; an emf cell; a reference chamber providing a fluid connection to the reference gas; gas channels in fluid communication with the pump and emf electrodes, the reference gas comprising reformate produced by a fuel reformer fueled by an air-fuel gas mixture having an air-fuel ratio; a reformer electronic control module; a sensor electronic control module; a heater; a temperature sensor disposed in communication with the heater and the sensor control module for maintaining the sensor at a desired operating temperature; a closed loop controlled operation amplifier in electrical communication with the sensor, whereby the oxygen pump cell provides sufficient oxygen ions to oxidize an incoming diffusion-limiting fuel flux to the emf cell and maintain a constant emf at the emf cell, and wherein a current value represents an equivalent to the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel gas mixture.

Abstract: A sensor element for a sensor for determining the concentration of a gas component in a gas mixture, in particular the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, has two electrodes which, together with a solid electrolyte, form a pump cell, and one of these electrodes is exposed to the gas mixture via a porous protective layer. The sensor element also has a reference electrode which is situated on the solid electrolyte and is exposed to a reference gas. One of the two electrodes, with a reference electrode and the solid electrolyte, forms a concentration cell or a Nernst cell. To make the measured values produced by the sensor element insensitive to pressure fluctuations in the gas mixture, the electrode surface of the second electrode facing away from the solid electrolyte is coated with a finely porous diffusion layer, which is directly exposed to the gas mixture, and the second electrode is used as the reference electrode of the Nernst cell.

Abstract: A gas sensor comprises a sensing element for detecting a concentration of a particular gas contained in a measurement gas, a housing holding therein the sensing element, an element cover installed at the top of the housing and a portion for fixing between the base end side of the element cover and the top end side of the housing. The element cover made of an Fe-based alloy containing Al.

Abstract: A plurality of planar electrodes (5) in a microchannel (4) is used for separation, lysis and PCR in a chip (10). Cells from a sample are brought to the electrodes (5). Depending on sample properties, phase pattern, frequency and voltage of the electrodes and flow velocity are chosen to trap target cells (16) using DEP, whereas the majority of unwanted cells (17) flushes through. After separation the target cell (16) are lysed while still trapped. Lysis is carried out by applying RF pulses and/or thermally so as to change the dielectric properties of the trapped cells. After lysis, the target cells (16) are amplified within the microchannel (4), so as to obtain separation, lysis and PCR on same chip (1).

Abstract: In one embodiment, the method for making a product comprises: contacting a surface of the electroform with a solution having a pH of less than or equal to 6, applying a cathodic current to the electroform, applying a product material to the electroform, curing the product material, and removing the cured material from the electroform to form the product.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for making an electroform, comprises passivating a sub-master to form a passivation layer. The passivation comprises contacting at least a surface of the sub-master with a solution comprising an oxidizing agent and applying an anodic current to the sub-master. The surface of the sub-master can be plated with a metal to form a metal layer. The metal layer can be removed to form the electroform.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the method for making an electroform comprises: passivating a sub-master to form a passivation layer, disposing the passivated sub-master into an initial electroplating solution, applying a first current, depositing a first metal onto the passivated sub-master to form an initial coating on the sub-master, moving the initially coated sub-master from the initial electroplating solution to a subsequent plating solution, applying a second current, depositing a subsequent layer of a second metal onto the initial coating to form a multilayer, and removing the multilayer to form the electroform.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the method for making the electroform comprises: attaching a sub-master to a first side of a stiffener plate to form a mounted sub-master, masking sides and a second side of the stiffener plate with polyester tape, passivating the surface to form a passivation layer, plating the surface with a metal to form a metal layer, and removing the metal layer to form the electroform.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the method for making an electroform comprises: attaching a sub-master to a first side of a stiffener plate to form a mounted sub-master, wherein the stiffener plate is longer and/or wider than the sub-master such that, when the sub-master is attached to the stiffener plate, the stiffener plate forms a boarder around the sub-master, disposing conductive rim on the stiffener plate in physical contact with the boarder and with the edges of the sub-master, masking edges and a second side of the stiffener plate, passivating the surface to form a passivation layer, plating the surface and non-masked areas of the conductive rim with a metal to form a metal layer, and removing the metal layer to form the electroform.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention pertain to controlling thickness of wafers during electroplating process. Information pertaining to an old current used during an electroplating process of a previous wafer is received. Information pertaining to the thickness of the previous wafer is received. A new current is automatically determined. The new current is to be used during an electroplating process for a new wafer. The new current is determined based on the information pertaining to the old current and the information pertaining to the thickness of the previous wafer.

Abstract: The present invention teaches a method for depositing a copper seed layer onto a substrate surface, generally onto a barrier layer. The barrier layer may include a refractory metal and/or a group 8, 9 or 10 metal. The method includes cathodically pre-treating the substrate in an acid-containing solution. The substrate is then placed into a copper solution (pH?7.0) that includes complexed copper ions and a current or bias is applied across the substrate surface. The complexed copper ions are reduced to deposit a copper seed layer onto the barrier layer. In one aspect, a complex alkaline bath is then used to electrochemically plate a gapfill layer on the substrate surface, followed by overfill in the same bath. In another aspect, an acidic bath ECP gapfill process and overfill process follow the alkaline seed layer process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for anodizing a porous valve metal pellet in a flowing liquid electrolyte is described. The apparatus comprises an insulative container comprised of a lower region, a central region including a cavity for holding the pellet, an upper region, and a continuous passageway extending through the lower, central, and upper regions. Lower and upper screens serving as lower and upper electrodes are disposed in the passageway in the lower and upper container regions, respectively. During anodizing, the electrolyte flows through the lower container region including the lower screen, the porous pellet and then the upper container region including the upper screen. The lower and upper screens are at an opposite electrical polarity as the pellet so that a dielectric oxide is formed on the exposed valve metal including interior portions of the pellet that are exposed to the flowing electrolyte.

Abstract: This invention discloses a process of the electro-winning of metals, in particular copper, is done in a strongly acidic aqueous solution (˜180 gpl H2SO4), with permanent cathodes of stainless steel or Cu starting sheets, and Pb—Ca—Sn anodes, in tradition electrolysis cells to obtain copper cathodes wherein in the electrolytic cells, a sinusoidal current is super-imposed over the continuous current in order to produce high-purity electrolytic copper. This invention also discloses the electro-refining process of metals, in particular copper, is done in a strongly acidic aqueous solution (˜180 gpl H2SO4), with permanent cathodes of stainless steel or Cu starting sheets, and anodes of impure copper from founding, in traditional electrolysis cells in order to obtain copper cathodes wherein in the electrolytic cells, a sinusoidal current is super-imposed over the continuous current in order to produce high-purity electrolytic copper.

Abstract: An electrolysis cell (10) contains a number of carbon anodes (12) having top, bottom and side surfaces, operating in molten electrolyte (17) in an aluminum electrolysis cell (10), where gas bubbles (28) are generated at the anode surfaces and where alumina particles (20) are added to the top of the molten electrolyte, where the carbon anodes (12) have at least two inward slots (21) passing through the carbon anode (12) along the longitudinal axis 40 of the carbon anode and also passing through only one front surface (25) of the carbon anode, where the height (32) of the slots (21) is from about 45% to 80% of the anodes thickness and the slotted front surfaces (25) are disposed toward the center of the electrolysis cell so that generated gas bubbles (28) are directed to the alumina particles.

Abstract: A metal layer formed on a wafer, the wafer having a center portion and an edge portion, is electropolished by aligning a nozzle and the wafer to position the nozzle adjacent to the center portion of the wafer. The wafer is rotated. As the wafer is rotated, a stream of electrolyte is applied from the nozzle onto a portion of the metal layer adjacent to the center portion of the wafer to begin to electropolish the portion of the metal layer with a triangular polishing profile to initially expose an underlying layer underneath the metal layer at a point.

Abstract: The inventive device for treating a biological tissue volume by a localised hyperthermy comprises a plurality of active percutaneous electrodes (1-N), at least one return electrode (120) and a high-frequency (100) electric generator for applying an alternating voltage between said active electrodes and return electrode.

Abstract: A liquid-condition detection element is provided which exhibits good sensitivity while having appropriate strength. The detector element forms part of a liquid-condition detection sensor in which breakage of the detection element is combated and which can accurately detect the condition of liquid. The detection element includes first and second ceramic insulating layers formed by simultaneous firing and a heat-generating resistor sealed in a liquid tight manner between the insulating layers. The resistor has a resistance varying with temperature, and is, in use, immersed in liquid. The first insulating layer is thinner than the second layer. A detection section of the liquid-condition detection sensor detects the condition of a liquid (e.g., the concentration of a particular component in the liquid) on the basis of an output signal from the heat-generating resistor.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a gas sensor element comprises: an electrolyte disposed between and in ionic communication with a first electrode and a second electrode; and a protective layer disposed adjacent to the first electrode. The protective layer comprises a catalytic coating comprising a reducible support material, a catalyst, and a water activator material. The catalyst coating is capable of converting an oxygen consuming species in a gas to an oxygen donating species.

Abstract: A method of operating a gas sensor is disclosed, wherein the sensor includes a pumping electrode configuration and a measuring electrode configuration, and wherein the method includes operating the sensor in a first mode in which a first, lower pumping potential sufficient to electrochemically remove an interfering compound from the sensor without electrochemically removing the analyte from the sensor is applied across the pumping electrode configuration and a measuring potential sufficient to electrochemically remove the analyte from the sensor is applied across the measuring electrode configuration; and operating the sensor in a second mode in which a second, higher pumping potential sufficient to electrochemically remove the analyte from the sensor is applied to the pumping electrode configuration.

Abstract: A display pack includes a support base formed of a top and a bottom flat sheet joined together and a re-closable container which includes a fixed portion retained by the support base and a moveable portion joined to the fixed portion. The moveable portion can bend or pivot with respect to the fixed portion to open and close the container. The fixed portion includes a flat insertion portion inserted into a space between the top and bottom flat sheets. A re-closeable locking structure is provided to lock the moveable portion to either the support base or to the fixed portion of the container when the container is closed.

Abstract: A partitioned package structure for separately containing liquid material and solid material and allowing the liquid material and solid material to be conveniently mixed. The package structure includes a plastic seat directly recessed to form at least two separate receiving spaces and a cover membrane overlaid on the plastic seat to seal the receiving spaces. The liquid material and solid material are respectively contained in the receiving spaces. The receiving space containing the fluid material has a tapered flow way directed to the receiving space containing the solid material. A prior releasable joint section with poorer adhesive strength is disposed at a tip end of the flow way. When squeezing the receiving space containing the fluid material, the prior releasable joint section is broken to extrude the fluid material into the receiving space containing the solid material. The solid material is then soaked in and mixed with the fluid material. Then the cover membrane can be torn off to use the mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to controlled flow re-sealable bottle closures containing a beverage concentrate for use in mixing flavored water-based beverages at or near the point of consumption by activation of a mixing mechanism allowing the contents of the bottle to co-mingle with the beverage concentrate.

Abstract: A footwear package comprises a flexible bag (2) or like container of which at least a front is light-transmitting. Closure means (23) is provided for closing the container. Locating means (21) is provided for locating items of footwear in the container.

Abstract: A box structure for emplacing billiard cues is composed of a hard and long casing with an opening at an end for installing a cover. A protecting block is located at the opening of casing or inside the cover. The protecting block is made by a PU material, and is provided with a plurality of emplacing holes which are passed through thereon, for inserting an end of billiard cue, such that the protecting block can protect the billiard cues from being damaged or deformed.

Abstract: The invention provides an industry standard packaging design to ship and protect surfboards, wakeboards, snowboards, kiteboards, etc. in various sizes. It uses corrugated die-cut end caps, flexible straps, and foam and corrugated pads to provide enhanced fragility protection in an easy to assemble/disassemble and reusable package. This package makes it possible to ship expensive board products around the world safely and cost effectively for OEM Bulk and retail single/bulk deliveries.

Abstract: Product packaging adapted to house an optical device at an angle to the plane of the packaging, permitting a person to view through the objective and ocular lenses without removing the device from its packaging.

Abstract: A magazine for holding a larger quantity of blind rivets ready for use in an automatic rivet setting tool. The rivets are connected in spaced relation along the length of an elongated flexible rivet carrying strip or ribbon by having a distal portion of each mandrel inserted or pierced through the carrying strip. The magazine preferably includes an upwardly tapering conical or truncated conical shaped support surface held for rotation about a preferably upright central spool axis on a support stand. The carrying strip is loaded with rivets and spiral-wound around and flat against the outer support surface with the head of each rivet extending away from the spool axis and the distal portion positioned against the outer surface so that each rivet is automatically positioned in an outwardly extending fashion from the support surface.

Abstract: A package (1, 11) for abrasive grinding wheels that includes a cover (3) and a base (4) adapted to close, seal and insulate the grinding wheels from atmospheric agents, cover (3) and base (4) being made of insulating material from atmospheric agents, for example plastic material. Between base (4) and cover (3), it is possible to interpose a cylindrical body (7) made of cardboard or plastic or plasticized cardboard; the plasticizing being only internal, only external or on both surfaces. The base (4) can comprise a cylindrical mantle (4b) defining a space where grinding wheels can be inserted.

Abstract: A holder for a micro-sized medical device, such as a pipette, includes a main body portion having an interior space sized for housing at least one pipette. A reducing insert comprising a sleeve has an open end and a substantially closed end. The sleeve is sized such that the open end is receivable in the main body portion through an open axial end of the main body, and the substantially closed end has an aperture extending therethrough having a diameter sufficient for passage of a pipette therethrough. An end cap is engageable with the open axial end of the main body portion, and is selectively movable between an open position wherein the interior space of the main body communicates via the aperture with an environment exterior of the holder, and a closed position wherein the seal covers the aperture. The components of the holder may be formed integrally or separately.

Abstract: The present invention provides a permeable containment apparatus for a receptacle having a vertical containment wall, an open end, and an upper wall region terminating at a peripheral edge, including a securing portion having an annular biasing mechanism adapted to maintain said securing portion in contacting relationship with the upper wall region of said receptacle, a substantially permeable cover portion attached to said securing portion and covering the open end of said receptacle, and wherein said permeable cover portion is adapted to contain receptacle content while allowing for substantial aeration of said receptacle.

Abstract: The invention features a thermal and/or light-protective container assembly that includes a flexible outer and inner layer, as well as a thermoregulatory material disposed between said outer and inner layers. In general, the invention is directed to a thermal and/or light-protective container assembly, such as a form-fitting sleeve, that includes a flexible layered wall having an opened end and a contiguous closed end, wherein the wall defines a centrally located cavity. The wall further includes an outer layer and an inner layer, wherein uniformly disposed between the outer and inner layers is a thermoregulatory material that is configured for insulating an object, and/or for transferring heat or cold to the object, and/or maintaining the temperature of the object disposed within the defined cavity of the sleeve.

Abstract: A display pack is provided that includes a planar support panel of corrugated paper having a front surface and a rear surface. A plastic product shell is disposed adjacent to the front surface of the support panel. The shell defines a product portion sized to receive a product and a planar portion circumscribing the product portion. A planar overlay sheet is disposed over the product shell, defining an opening such that the product portion of the product shell protrudes therethrough. The overlay sheet is configured to extend beyond a peripheral edge of the product shell and couple to the front surface of the support panel, capturing the shell in place.

Abstract: The present invention includes a unique tri-fold blister card and resulting tri-fold blister card package for packing, shipping and displaying a product at a point-of-purchase. The tri-fold blank improves the visual impact of the product package by providing a printable area in the reveal area of the tri-fold blister card. The tri-fold design allows for single surface printing at little or no additional cost. The tri-fold blister card preferably includes feature that allow a consumer to more easily open the tri-fold blister car package. These easy opening features include pre-defined glue patterns and an opening mechanism that is easy to operate. Further, the tri-fold blister card package can include a handle that preferably provide for easier handling by a consumer without distracting from the visual impact of the package.

Abstract: An exemplary display package for an item having a loop portion includes a card having a front side and a back side, a post extending from the front side of the card, and a hasp extending from the front side of the card to define a slot. The item may be attached to the display package by positioning the loop portion of the item around the post and through the slot.

Abstract: The present invention describes a storage system, which includes a plurality of stackable, rotatable trays, where at least one tray of the plurality of stackable, rotatable trays includes at least one holding compartment. Also included is an interlocking mechanism for attaching and detaching each tray of the plurality of stackable, rotatable trays. Additionally, the rotational spatial dimensions of the system are substantially unchanged irrespective of an open or closed configuration of any one of the plurality of stackable, rotatable trays.

Abstract: A decorative receptacle capable of containing and supporting gift and food items to be presented as a gift in recognition of an individual's birthday. The birthday receptacle includes an add-on loop for attaching trinkets, jewelry, or other decorative or gift items of a size capable of being supported by the add-on loop. The birthday receptacle may be included as one component of a kit having a container of fabric paint and a brush to allow the consumer to customize the exterior surface of the receptacle.

Abstract: An end cap which imparts fragility capability and which derives favorable characteristics by combining several cushioning effects. In particular, the end cap of this invention achieves cushioning by combining the effects of material compression, deformation of an arch, an expansion of contact area as cushioning occurs.

Abstract: The invention provides a hydrocracking catalyst which comprises (i) a carrier which comprises an amorphous silica-alumina and a zeolite, (ii) a Group VIII metal, (iii) a Group VIB metal, and (iv) boron as the sole promoter element, a process for its preparation and the use thereof, particularly in single stage hydrocracking.

Abstract: Methods for reducing calcium deposition along surfaces in contact with the water phase of a resolved water/oil emulsion are disclosed. High calcium crude oil and the like are contacted with a sequestrant to form a sequestered calcium containing complex that partitions to the water phase in the resolved emulsion. A specifically formulated polymeric deposit control agent is added to the water phase to inhibit calcium deposit formation therein and along surfaces in contact with the water phase.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for processing oil sand bitumen including solvent deasphalting and visbreaking oil sand bitumen to yield de-oiled asphalt (DOA) and components capable of being transmitted in pipeline. The method for processing oil sand bitumen provided by this invention can effectively transmit oil sand bitumen in pipeline with the advantages of simple operation low equipment cost and significantly reduced operating cost. This method not only can solve the problems arising from enormous working capital required for purchasing diluting agent needed by the traditional unit for processing oil sand bitumen and complications in looking for users, but also can drastically reduce the high investment and high processing cost of such main upgrading avenues as coking and converting heavy oils to light distillates. This invention can enhance the effective products yield and increase the sales income.

Abstract: A pretensioned screen assembly for a vibratory separator includes a perforated plate for supporting screening material, with the perforated plate having downwardly extending tabs. The tabs have a vertical portion that extends along and attaches to a side of a generally rectangular supporting frame. The tabs can also be L-shaped tabs further having a horizontal portion that extends along a bottom of the frame. The tabs are attached at least to frame members that are most susceptible to high frequency vibratory forces. The plate is thereby more securely attached to the frame as compared to conventional perforated plates which are attached only to a top of the frame. Further the tabs structurally reinforce the frame members to which they are attached. Consequently, the screen assembly is more resistant to separation of the screen assembly components caused by vibration-induced flexing.

Abstract: A screening machine of the type used to separate or classify mixtures of solid particles of different sizes includes a fixed base and a perforate screen mounted for movement relative to the base during a screening operation. The screens are pre-tensioned and mounted in a perimeter frame for separating various granular and particulate material. The frame is slid into the side of the machine in a direction parallel with two opposing bevel lips at the ends of the frame which mate in the screening machine with a complementary channel such that when the screen is raised into sealing contact in the screening machine, the bevel ends of the screen panel frame align the screen panel in the machine. The bevels on the screen panel frame provide a positive sealing surface for contact with the adjacent portions of the channel to prevent product from escaping off of the screen during use. The sealing contact of the screen panel is enhanced by a seal member on the screen panel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid filter (1) comprising a filter base (10) provided with a connection flange (21) that can be connected in a sealing manner to a counter-flange (41) arranged on an associated device (4). At least one liquid channel (13, 14) extends through the flange connection (2) for respectively supplying liquid to be filtered and carrying away filtered liquid. At least one section (24) of at least one liquid channel (14) can be closed in the filter base (10) in the direction of the counterflange (41) by means of a sealing plate (3) that is formed with at least one through opening (34) which is sealed in relation to the counterflange (41) and is aligned with a liquid channel (44) on the device side. According to the invention, in the plane (20) of the flange connection (2), the surface of the scaling plate (3) is smaller than the surface of the connection flange (21), and the sealing plate (3) is inserted into the filter base (10) in a sealing manner, forming part of the same (10).

Abstract: A cyclone for classifying materials has at least one vibrator attached to the downwardly tapering conical housing thereof to set up vibrations which interrupt the normal flow pattern of the downwardly swirling slurry of materials so that some of the smaller particles which would otherwise be trapped in the slurry are freed so that an increased amount of the smaller particles will move into the vortex created in the cyclone and thereby increase the operating efficiency of the cyclone. In a first embodiment, a conventional cyclone having a solid metallic conical housing is modified by having the vibrator attached to the periphery of the conical housing. In a second embodiment, an open-sided conical housing having a plurality of spaced apart longitudinal struts with the vibrator mounted on a strut which is configured to transmit vibrations to the metallic substrates of abrasion resistant liners mounted in the conical housing.

Abstract: A protective sleeve for use with metal intake racks used for screening debris from water intakes and other similar structures. The proactive sleeve may be made from a plastic material, such as HDPE, using an extrusion process. The sleeve is designed to snap into place over the metal blades of a bar rack, and to provide a positive and secure fit when in place. The protective sleeve thus provides the benefits of non-metallic intake racks to existing and future metal rack systems, without requiring replacement of existing metal racks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a point-of-use water treatment system unit (10). The unit (10) includes a filter housing assembly (60) having a filter tank assembly (66) and a closure (64) which utilizes a handle (152) and cammed reciprocating lock blades (146, 150) to secure the closure (64) to the filter tank assembly (66). A UV tank assembly (300) includes a planar baffle plate (322) and a vaned baffle plate (324) to induce plug flow about a UV lamp assembly (280). The UV lamp assembly (280) is used which simultaneously electrically and sealingly mounts to UV tank assembly (300) and electrical cap assembly (290) using a bayonet mount. A bi-planar manifold assembly (40) is used to interconnect components of the WTS unit and to provide an envelope for accommodating a water pipe assembly (34). The bi-planar manifold assembly (26) enhances the compactness of the design of the WTS unit (10).