Abstract: A polycarbonate material for retrofit or “like item” replacement of a fuel dispenser pump skirt, riser, and/or valance and related methods is described herein. In one embodiment, a substantially clear polycarbonate material is used that is capable of supporting graphics that are printed on the material's second surface (i.e., that surface opposite the first surface that is directly exposed to damage) thereby protecting the graphics from scratching and similar types of damage.

Abstract: A service station is provided with a plurality of vehicle servicing islands including liquid fuel blending pumps for dispensing and blending fuel components from underground tanks for refueling standard gasoline engine driven vehicles, standard diesel engine vehicles, vehicles with engines requiring dual fuels, vehicles with HCCI engines requiring low octane gasoline blended with standard diesel fuel, and fuel cell powered vehicles having onboard reformers. Other service islands include pumps for dispensing compressed hydrogen to fuel cell powered vehicles that do not include onboard reformers. In addition, service islands are provided for recharging the batteries of pure electric powered vehicles.

Abstract: A manhole assembly is usable in combination with an underground tank assembly, and essentially comprises a double-walled, lid-supporting skirt assembly. The skirt assembly comprises inner and outer isolation walls. The inner isolation wall defines an inner manhole cavity and a moisture-directing, outer manhole channel. The outer manhole channel extends intermediate the inner isolation wall and the outer isolation wall. The outer manhole channel directs moisture from the superior skirt end adjacent a manhole lid supported by skirt assembly to the inferior skirt end thus isolating the inner manhole cavity from channel-directed moisture. The manhole assembly may further comprise a spring-actuable, lid-compressible collar assembly. It is contemplated that the collar assembly may be cooperable with the lid for selectively allowing matter to pass through the outer manhole channel depending on whether the lid is seated upon the collar assembly or removed therefrom.

Abstract: A process apparatus including a chamber, a pump, and a transportation system set between the chamber and the pump is provided. The transportation system has a pipe, a pressure control valve, and a shielding unit. The pipe has an input end connected to the chamber and an output end connected to the pump to pump fluids out of the chamber through the pipe. The pressure control valve between the input and output ends is disposed on the pipe and has a valve plate to adjust a fluid flow in the pipe. The shielding unit between the input end and the pressure control valve is disposed on the pipe and has a shielding plate to be switched between an original position and a shielding position. The shielding plate at the shielding position permits conveyance of fluids in the pipe and prevents certain liquid particles of the fluids floating in the pipe.

Abstract: A flange and hose assembly is provided for a fuel supply unit of a vehicle. The assembly includes a plastic flange 12 and an electrically conductive hose connector 16 extending from a surface of the flange and having an opening in communication with a fluid path through the flange. Discharge structure 28 is associated with the hose connector. The assembly also includes at least one hose 17 for carrying fuel. The hose has an electrically conductive inner layer 27 defining an inner diameter thereof. A portion 22 of the hose connector is received in within the inner diameter of the hose so that the portion contacts the inner layer 27 of the hose, with at least a portion of the discharge structure 28 being accessible outside of the hose. The discharge structure 28 is constructed and arranged to be electrically connected to a terminal of a wiring harness of the fuel supply unit to thereby discharge an electric load in the hose.

Abstract: A model vehicle fuel filler system is provided, comprising a fuel tank secured to a vehicle chassis, a fuel tank opening extending from the fuel tank, the opening having a rim tipped toward a lateral side of the vehicle chassis, thereby allowing a fuel filler bottle opening to be withdrawn away from the tank opening with less spillage.

Abstract: A container filling apparatus includes a fill nozzle for directing a liquid product into a container and an adaptor including a nozzle interface to engage the fill nozzle for a cleaning operation. An expandable member is configured to expand into a gap between the adaptor and the fill nozzle to form a seal between the nozzle interface and the fill nozzle.

Abstract: A fluid dispensing tool assembly includes an upper tool unit having an evacuation port and a fluid inlet port with fluid actuated poppet valves selectively controlling the flow through each port to a center passage within the upper tool unit. The assembly also has a lower tool unit connected to the upper tool unit by a quick-release coupler and includes a center tube member projecting into the passage and also into the inlet portion of a fluid receiving system. The tube member is shifted axially by a fluid actuated piston within the lower tool unit to form a fluid-tight seal with the inlet portion after a second coupler secures the tool assembly to the inlet portion. A fluid-tight seal may be formed between an annular seat on a plastic inlet portion of the receiving system and an annular shoulder on the tube member within the lower tool unit.

Abstract: A system for preventing overflow in a storage tank which is fillable via a nozzle inserted in a fill passage includes a nozzle stop such that when an end of the nozzle contacts the nozzle stop, the nozzle is in a fill position. The system also includes a sealing device within the fill passage, which forms an inner sealing space via a first seal around the nozzle below a hole in the nozzle and a second seal around the nozzle above the hole in the nozzle. An airtight passage connects the inner sealing space to an interior of the storage tank. The system may also include a venting system including a tank vent passage between the storage tank and an end of the fill passage and an atmospheric vent passage between the tank vent passage and the external atmosphere.

Abstract: A method for engraving and decorating a wooden object, comprising the step of rotating a rotary cutter in contact with a surface of a wooden object so that the tool advances into the wooden object to produce a machined indentation in the surface of the wooden object, the indentation being burnished and charred. And, an object so engraved and decorated.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound powder for making magnetic powder cores, a kind of magnetic powder core, and a process for making them. Said compound powder is a mixture composing of powder A and powder B, the content of powder A is 50-96 wt % and the content of powder B is 4-50 wt %, wherein powder A is at least one selected from iron powder, Fe—Si powder, Fe—Si—Al powder, Fe-based nanocrystalline powder, Fe-based amorphous powder, Fe—Ni powder and Fe—Ni—Mo powder; powder B bears different requirement characteristics from powder A and is at least one selected from iron powder, Fe—Si powder, Fe—Si—Al powder, Fe-based nanocrystalline powder, Fe-based amorphous powder, Fe—Ni powder and Fe—Ni—Mo powder. Said powder B adopts Fe-based amorphous soft magnetic powder with good insulation property as insulating agent and thus core loss of magnetic powder core decreases.

Abstract: It is an object to mold a high-resistance magnet at low temperature, including room temperature. The magnet comprises magnetic powders, non-ferrous metallic powders having a lower hardness than the magnetic powders and a high-resistance layer, wherein the magnetic powders occupy a larger volume than the metallic powders. In particular, the high-resistance layer contains a fluorine compound and is placed between the magnetic powder and non-ferrous metallic powders.

Abstract: A method for controlling magnetostriction in a free layer of a magnetoresistive sensor. A pinned layer structure is deposited and then a spacer layer, preferably Cu is deposited. Oxygen is introduced into the spacer layer. The oxygen can be introduced either during the deposition of the spacer layer or after the spacer layer has been deposited. A free layer structure is then deposited over the spacer layer. A capping layer such as Ta can be deposited over the free layer structure. The sensor is annealed to set the magnetization of the pinned layer. In the process of annealing the sensor the oxygen migrates out of the spacer. After annealing, no significant amount of oxygen is present in either the spacer layer or the free layer structure, and only trace amounts of oxygen are present in the Ta capping layer.

Abstract: An anode for electrowinning of aluminium from alumina comprises a cobalt-containing metallic outer part that is covered with an integral oxide layer containing predominantly cobalt oxide CoO. The integral oxide layer can be formed by surface oxidation of cobalt from the metallic outer part before use.

Abstract: An alloy, which can be used in a microwire, contains 26 to 52 weight % Fe; 26 to 52 weight % Co; 3.0 to 38.0 weight % Ni; at least one selected from the group consisting of 1.0 to 8.0 weight % V, 1.0 to 8.0 weight % Cr, 1.0 to 8.0 weight % Zr, 1.0 to 8.0 weight % Dy and 1.0 to 8.0 weight % Nb; at least one selected from the group consisting of 2.0 to 8.3 weight % Si and 2.0 to 8.3 weight % B; and at least one selected from the group consisting of 0.2 to 1.6 weight % Ce, 0.2 to 1.6 weight % La and 0.2 to 1.6 weight % Y. When cast in a microwire, the alloy can be substantially amorphous.

Abstract: A nitrocarburized microalloyed steel member consists of a microalloyed steel that includes a nitrocarburized layer on a surface, a cross-sectional structure of which steel except for the nitrocarburized layer includes a ferrite and pearlite structure. The microalloyed steel mainly consists of Fe and has a composition: C having a content of 0.30 mass % or more and 0.50 mass % or less; Si having a content of 0.05 mass % or more and 0.30 mass % or less; Mn having a content of 0.50 mass % or more and 1.00 mass % or less; S having a content of 0.03 mass % or more and 0.20 mass % or less; Cu having a content of 0.05 mass % or more and 0.60 mass % or less; Ni having a content of 0.02 mass % or more and 1.00 mass % or less; and Cr having a content of 0.05 mass % or more and 0.30 mass % or less. If the contents of the Cu, the Ni, and the Cr are represented by WCu, WNi, and WCr mass %, respectively, and composition parameters F1 and F2 are 185WCr+50WCu and 8+4WNi+1.

Abstract: Disclosed is a steel sheet, containing: Si: 0.20-2% (the term “%” herein means “mass %”, the same is true hereinbelow), Mn: 1-2.5%, a total mass of Si and Mn being 1.5% or more, and 0: 0.002% or less (exclusive of 0%), C: 0.02-0.25%, P: 0.1% or less (exclusive of 0%), S: 0.05% or less (exclusive of 0%), Al-0.02-0.2%, and N: 0.0015-0.015%. The steel sheet of the invention can be advantageously used for forming wide beads even in high-speed arc welding of 100 cm/min or higher.

Abstract: A system for coating a surface comprises providing a source of amorphous metal, providing ceramic particles, and applying the amorphous metal and the ceramic particles to the surface by a spray. The coating comprises a composite material made of amorphous metal that contains one or more of the following elements in the specified range of composition: yttrium (?1 atomic %), chromium (14 to 18 atomic %), molybdenum (?7 atomic %), tungsten (?1 atomic %), boron (?5 atomic %), or carbon (?4 atomic %).

Abstract: An improved nickel-chromium-iron alloy is provided, which comprises up to about 5% of hafnium-containing particles. In one embodiment, an improved creep resistant castable oxide dispersion strengthened nickel-chromium-iron alloy comprises up to about 5% of hafnium, with at least part of the hafnium being present as finely dispersed oxidised particles. Further embodiments of the improved alloy can comprise additionally up to about 15% by weight aluminium. The alloy is particularly useful in the production of creep resistant tubes and castings, for example, for the petrochemical market.

Abstract: A method for non-destructively detecting the presence of banded regions in a metal is described. The method involves sending an ultrasonic wave into the metal and obtaining reflected signals. The reflected signals are compared with each other to determine variations in signal intensity. A banded region within the metal can be observed as a weaker reflected signal than a reflected backwall signal, thus accurately identifying a location of banding within the metal. Metal articles with a low percent of banding are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to silver solder or brazing alloys and to their use in making soldered joints in various grades of silver, particularly silversmithing grades. They alloys are of the Ag—Cu—Zn family containing at least 55 wt % Ag and from 0.5 to 3 wt % Ge. Additional alloys are silver solders or brazing alloys of the Ag—Cu—Zn family containing more than 70 wt % Ag and from 0.5 to 3 wt % Ge. They can exhibit an advantageous combination of colour, flowability and corrosion resistance. A method is also provided of making a joint in Sterling silver which includes using a silver solder or brazing alloy of the Ag—Cu—Zn family containing 10-30 wt % Cu, 8-15 wt % Zn, from 0.5-3 wt % Ge, optionally 0.05-0.4 wt % Si, optionally 1-3 wt % Sn, optionally 1 ppm-0.3 wt % B, the balance being 55-77 wt %, Ag, said solder being a colour match for said Sterling silver.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for measuring hydridation kinetics at different temperatures in tubular industrial components. The invention consists in measuring the power dissipated by a hydridation reaction over time as well as the variation in the electric resistance during said reaction. The inventive method and device can be used to optimise industrial components, such as tubes and fuel claddings for nuclear reactor cores. In this way, safety is increased, with the prevention of unplanned shutdowns of commercial reactors and a decrease in high-activity nuclear waste.

Abstract: There is provided an in-furnace temperature measuring method that is capable of reducing the number of operation steps that are required for temperature measurement, and effectively applying a measurement result even if colors and finishing states of a circuit board and an electronic part are changed. First and second pseudo circuit boards (12) and (13) having the substantially same configuration and dimensions as those of a circuit board are inserted into a reflow furnace (11), the front and rear surface temperatures of the first and second pseudo circuit boards (12) and (13) and air temperatures around the first and second pseudo circuit boards (12) and (13) within the reflow furnace (11) are measured. The entire surface of a metal whose physical value is known is black-coated in the first pseudo circuit board (12), and the entire surface of a metal whose given physical value is known is mirror-finished in the second pseudo circuit board (13).

Abstract: There is provided a melt supply pipe for aluminum die casting which is strong to mechanical impact and is excellent in the melting loss resistance to a molten aluminum alloy and which has a significantly extended life. The melt supply pipe for connecting a melting furnace and a plunger sleeve of a die casting machine, includes an inner ceramic pipe and an outer steel pipe fitted to the inner pipe, wherein a Ni alloy layer is formed over the inner circumferential surface of the outer steel pipe, and TiC particles are bonded to the surface of the Ni alloy layer.

Abstract: The present teachings and illustrations describe a process for forming a plurality of conductive structures in or on a substrate. In one embodiment, the process comprises forming a plurality of recesses in or on the substrate, wherein the plurality of recesses include recesses having different dimensions. In addition, the process further comprises (i) forming a conductive layer which at least partially fills the plurality of recesses and (ii) treating the conductive layer to improve the conductive properties of the conductive layer. Moreover, the process still further comprises (iii) sequentially repeating acts (i) and (ii) until each of the recesses of the plurality of recesses are filled to a desired dimension and such that the conductive material in the recesses of smaller dimension are more uniformly adhered to the bottom surfaces of the recesses.

Abstract: A method for producing an aluminum-alloy shaped product, includes a step of forging a continuously cast rod of aluminum alloy serving as a forging material, in which the aluminum alloy contains Si in an amount of 10.5 to 13.5 mass %, Fe in an amount of 0.15 to 0.65 mass %, Cu in an amount of 2.5 to 5.5 mass % and Mg in an amount of 0.3 to 1.5 mass %, and heat treatment and heating steps including a step of subjecting the forging material to pre-heat treatment, a step of heating the forging material during a course of forging of the forging material and a step of subjecting a shaped product to post-heat treatment, the pre-heat treatment including treatment of maintaining the forging material at a temperature of ?10 to 480° C. for two to six hours.

Abstract: [Objectives] Strengthening, cost reduction, and improvement of press formability and bake hardenability of aluminum alloy sheets. [Means for achieving objectives] A manufacturing method for Al—Mg—Si aluminum alloy sheet with excellent bake hardenability, characterized by twin belt casting a molten Al—Mg—Si aluminum alloy containing Mg: 0.3-1.0 wt %, Si: 0.3-1.5 wt %, Cu: 1.0 wt % or below (including 0%), and Fe: 1.2 wt % or below (including 0%), and containing Mn: 0.1-0.7 wt % and/or Cr: 0.1-0.3% according to need, and the remnant being Al at an average cooling rate of 20 degrees C. or above, and at that time, making the temperature of the ingot as it comes out of the casting machine 250 degrees C. or below, and then rolling to the final sheet thickness by cold rolling only and without homogenization or hot rolling, and solution treatment being done in a continuous annealing furnace.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing fouling associated with a process stream in a heat transfer component. The method and apparatus include the use of one of a vibration producing device to impart a vibrational force to desired component and a pulsation producing device for apply pressure pulsations to the process stream. The heat transfer component has at least one surface having a surface roughness of less than 40 micro inches (1.1 ?m).

Abstract: A steel having excellent formability, fatigue endurance after quenching, low temperature toughness, resistance for hydrogen embrittlement, and corrosion fatigue endurance. A method includes heating a steel slab at 1160° C. to 1320° C., hot-finish-rolling the steel slab at a finisher delivery temperature of 750° C. to 980° C., and then coiling the hot-rolled steel at a coiling temperature of 560° C. to 740° C. after slow cooling for a time of 2 seconds or more to produce a hot-rolled steel strip having a structure in which the ferrite grain diameter df corresponding to a circle is 1.1 ?m to less than 1.2 ?m and the ferrite volume fraction Vf is 30% to 98%, the steel slab containing 0.18 to 0.29% of C, 0.06 to 0.45% of Si, 0.91 to 1.85% of Mn, 0.019% or less of P, 0.0029% or less of S, 0.015 to 0.075% of sol. Al, 0.0049% or less of N, 0.0049% or less of O, 0.0001 to 0.0029% of B, 0.001 to 0.019% of Nb, 0.001 to 0.029% of Ti, 0.001 to 0.195% of Cr, and 0.001 to 0.

Abstract: There is provided a high-stiffness high-strength thin steel sheet having a tensile strength of not less than 590 MPa and a Young's modulus of not less than 230 GPa, which comprises C: 0.02-0.15%, Si: not more than 1.5%, Mn: 1.0-3.5%, P: not more than 0.05%, S: not more than 0.01%, Al: not more than 1.5%, N: not more than 0.01% and Ti: 0.02-0.50% as mass %, provided that C, N, S and Ti contents satisfy Ti*=Ti?(47.9/14)×N?(47.9/32.1)×S?0.01 and 0.01?C?(12/47.9)×Ti*?0.05 and the remainder being substantially iron and inevitable impurities, and has a texture comprising a ferrite phase as a main phase and having a martensite phase at an area ratio of not less than 1%.

Abstract: A ferritic Cr-contained steel having a reduced thermal expansion coefficient is provided. The ferritic Cr-contained steel contains C of 0.03% or less, Mn of 5.0% or less, Cr of 6 to 40%, N of 0.03% or less, Si of 5% or less, and W of 2.0% to 6.0% in percent by mass, and Fe and inevitable impurities as the remainder, wherein precipitated W is 0.1% or less in percent by mass, and an average thermal expansion coefficient between 20° C. and 800° C. is less than 12.6×10-6/° C.

Abstract: A plurality of gas turbine components or other articles are manufactured from a plurality of metallic-alloy workpieces using a manufacturing apparatus having a metalworking apparatus, and an annealing apparatus wherein the individual workpieces are annealed by single-workpiece annealing and not by large-batch annealing. A workpiece flow of the plurality of workpieces is established sequentially through the metalworking apparatus and the annealing apparatus.

Abstract: An ignition charge for an initiator provided with an igniting mechanism for setting aflame an ignition charge by the heat generated by an exothermic element connected via a pair of current conducting pins in response to an electric signal is a slurry ignition charge which is formed mainly of a mixture consisting of zirconium as a fuel component and potassium perchlorate as an oxidizing agent component. The ignition charge for the initiator contains nitrocellulose as a binder component in an extrapolated compounding ratio of 0.1% by weight or more and 0.5% by weight or less based on the total amount of zirconium and potassium perchlorate and isoamyl acetate as a solvent in an extrapolated compounding ratio of 12.5% by weight or more and 14.0% by weight or less based on the total amount of zirconium and potassium perchlorate. The ignition charge is spread on the exothermic element and dried. The ignition charge is for the initiator of a gas generator, particularly an electric gas generator.

Abstract: A blasting method of blasting an explosive device at least containing an explosive and a chemical agent in a sealed pressure vessel that prevents soot generation during blasting and improves an efficiency of decomposing the chemical agent. First, a transported chemical bomb (explosive) 100 is placed and sealed in a blasting chamber (pressure vessel) 10. The blasting chamber 10 is then brought into a reduced-pressure or vacuum state by aspiration of the air therein by using a vacuum pump 13a and oxygen is supplied through an injection port 12 into the blasting chamber 10 to a pressure of 15 to 30% of atmospheric pressure. The chemical bomb 100 is then blasted, as it is ignited by an ignition device not shown in the Figure.

Abstract: A device for controlling the composition inside a shipping/storage container for produce, such as bananas, is disclosed. Such atmospheric control is particularly important when dealing with the ripening of respiring fruit. The device comprises a chamber surrounded by an outer wall, at least a portion of that wall made up of a selectively gas-permeable membrane which is in communication with the outside atmosphere. The chamber also includes at least two channels which are connected to the container: one which transmits gas form the chamber to the container, and one which transmits gas from the container to the chamber.

Abstract: A casing device for installing a TPMS wireless transmitter in a wheel of an automobile's tire has a lower case and an upper case, wherein the lower case adheres to the outer surface of the wheel and has the same curved surface as the wheel and the upper case includes the wireless transmitter in itself and combines with the lower case and adheres to it. And in a method for transmitting wireless data a transmitter checks predetermined data transmitting conditions before transmitting wireless data to a receiver and transmits data by using TDMA method if the data transmitting condition is satisfied, or else by using CDMA method.

Abstract: A tire comprising a tread portion and a pair of sidewalls is provided wherein the sidewalls are connected to the tread portion by shoulder regions, wherein the tire further include one or more strips of rubber affixed to the inner surface of a green tire. The strip may be annular and may be located near the toe of the bead. The strip is made from a rubber composition having a specific gravity greater than 2. The strip may be ground away as desired in order to balance the tire without the need for weights.

Abstract: A method of forming a tire includes a) forming a carcass, the carcass comprising at least one carcass reinforcing ply, a pair of opposing sidewalls, and a pair of bead portions, b) placing a belt structure on the carcass, c) forming a tread stock, d) placing the tread stock on the belt structure, and e) curing the tire in a mold wherein the mold has at least one rib to form a groove on the radially outer surface of the tire. A tube is placed adjacent to or within the tread stock prior to the curing the tire, wherein the tube creates a buried groove in the cured tire. After wear of the tire tread to a preset level, the tube is exposed and opened during further wear to create increased grooving in the tread after the tire has experienced some tire wear.

Abstract: Field of the invention This invention relates to a heavy duty tire (e.g. heavy duty truck tire) designed for a load bearing capacity of at least 4,000 pounds (1814 kg) with a tread of a cap/base construction with at least one underlying silica-rich, cis 1,4-polyisoprene rubber based intermediate transition rubber layer to promote a reduced internal heat generation for the heavy duty tire and to therefore promote a load carrying heavy duty tire which is more durable for the long haul. Such heavy duty tire tread is intended for use with heavy loads in which internal heat is expected to be generated within the tire, including the tire tread, during use.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards speckled tire treads for tires. Specifically, the speckled tire tread includes a primary tread compound that serves as a matrix in which is distributed discrete particles of one or more secondary tread compounds, at least one of the compounds is a different color than the other tread compound(s) so as to be visually distinguishable. For example, the primary tread compound may include carbon black pigment and be black in color while the secondary tread compound can include one or more pigments to provide the particles with non-black color. Thus, the colored particles have a visually distinguishable color from that of the primary tread composition. Additionally, at least a portion of the particles may be situated for viewing on a running surface of the tire tread so that a subject can visually distinguish between the compounds, and such observed compounds may provide a different tire performance characteristic(s).

Abstract: This invention relates to a pneumatic rubber tire having a tread of a cap/base layered construction wherein said tire contains a first component as a tread cap layer having a running surface and at least two additional tire rubber components, wherein said tire components are comprised of rubber compositions which contain a maximum of 50 phr of reinforcing filler comprised of a maximum of 30 phr of rubber reinforcing carbon black. In one aspect, a purpose of such maximum of 30 phr of rubber reinforcing carbon black for said plurality of tire components is to promote a relatively low hysteresis property within said tire via such components to thereby promote relatively low rolling resistance for a pneumatic tire which contains such components. In practice, such additional tire components may be, for example, outer sidewall rubber layer, apex, chafer, belt ply and carcass ply components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a two piece pneumatic tire comprising a carcass and a removable tread belt disposed radially about the periphery of the carcass, the tread belt and carcass meeting at an interface between a radially outermost surface of the carcass and a radially innermost surface of the tread belt, wherein at least one of the radially outermost surface of the carcass and the radially innermost surface of the tread belt comprise a self lubricating rubber composition, the self lubricating rubber composition comprising at least one rubber and from 1 to 50 phr of at least one additive selected from alcohols of formula I, esters of formula II, or amides of formula III wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from C12-C36 alkyl, C12-C36 alkenyl, or C12-C36 alkadienyl.

Abstract: A tire traction enhancement system and method of use are provided. In one form, a tire traction enhancement system includes a standard vehicle tire including perforations along the standard vehicle tire tread. The tire traction enhancement system further includes a first annular inner tube running substantially the inner circumference of the standard vehicle tire and a second annular inner tube between the first annular inner tube and the outer circumference of the standard vehicle tire. The second annular inner tube further includes a plurality of studs fastened to the outer circumference of the second inner tube and fastened to the perforations along the standard vehicle tire tread.

Abstract: An assembly of a tire and a rim, wherein the internal pressure of the tire acts so as to increase a belt tension at a belt layer (30) since the internal pressure directs to the outer radial direction of the tire at an increased width part (12) and, since the horizontal portions (14a) of drawn parts (14) are prevented from being swelled toward the center of the tire by the flange parts (22) of a rim (20), the drawn parts (14) are swelled toward the center of the tire, whereby, since a reduction in belt tension can be avoided to maintain the roundness of the belt layer (30) and thus a rolling resistance can be lowered.

Abstract: A steel cord, formed of a plurality of steel filaments, has a construction of N×(7×2) wherein N=1 to 7 and within the circumference of the cross-sectional area, not more than 60% of the cord area is comprised of the steel filaments. The steel cord has an elongation at break of at least 3%.

Abstract: A tire comprising a tread portion and a pair of sidewalls wherein the sidewalls are connected to the tread portion by shoulder regions, and wherein the tire further includes one or more strips of rubber affixed to the inner surface of a green tire. The strip may be annular and may be located near the toe of the bead. The strip is made from a rubber composition having a specific gravity greater than 2. The strip may be ground away as desired in order to balance the tire without the need for weights.

Abstract: The heavy duty tire comprises a belt layer 7 comprised of at least three belt plies outside of a carcass 6 in a radial direction. Belt cords of a first belt ply 7A disposed innermost in the radial direction incline at an angle of 45 to 55 degrees with respect to a tire equator C. Belt cords of second and third belt plies 7B, 7C disposed outside thereof incline at an angle of 16 to 22 degrees with respect to the tire equator C and into mutually opposite directions. Width BW3 of the third belt ply 7C is smaller than width BW2 of the second belt ply 7B and is also 77 to 95% of a tread grounding width TW. Width BW1 of the first belt ply 7A is smaller than the width BW3 of the third belt ply 7C by 20 to 35 mm. An inter-cord distance S between the first belt ply 7A and the carcass ply 6A in the tire radial direction is 0.8 to 1.2 mm.

Abstract: A tension-exerted hoop for plastic and rubber articles comprises a tension-exerted (lock) hoop made up of a plurality of flexible wires wound into a hoop-shaped configuration wherein the flexible wires are respectively twined and bundled up via multiple thin filaments into identical-diameter wires each having a combining coarse surface defined by protruded and recessed sections at the outer periphery thereon. Therefore, when the tension-exerted hoop are housed inside plastic or rubber material of an air-filled container, the plastic or rubber material can penetrate into fissures formed among the thin filaments and securely bind with the coarse surfaces to create double layers of penetrative binding engagement thereby, increasing the binding area between the plastic or rubber material and the tension-exerted (lock) hoop so as to prevent the tension-exerted (lock) hoop from collapse and detachment during the repeated inflation and deflation operation of the air-filled plastic or rubber container thereof.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a laser-cut, inlayed panel uses a computerized laser-cutting technique that includes the steps of: providing an art master rendering that is desired to constitute a decorative design for the inlaid panel; scanning electronically the art master to form an art master data file; transferring the art master data file to a CAD software system to form an art master CAD file having machine code coordinates; coordinating a laser beam to cut-through a first background panel and create negative image voids on the inlaid panel; driving a CNC laser cutting machine in response to the machine code coordinates; second coordinating a laser beam to cut through a second panel for forming positive images that become inlay elements; bonding the first background panel and the second panel for forming a composite panel; placing the inlay element in appropriate voided spaces on the background panel and bonded to the substrate; finishing the composite panel; finishing the inlay elements.

Abstract: Methods and systems for applying heat to substrates that are in contact with an uncured bonding material or that are bonded with one or more sealants or other bonding material/s. Substrates may be heated, for example, so that the substrates may be debonded by degrading one or more mechanical properties of the bonding material/s so that the substrates may be separated. The application of heat to a substrate may be controlled based on the temperature of the substrate during the heating process. Damage-sensitive substrates, such as aircraft substrates, may be heated in a manner that controls surface temperature of the substrates to meet heat treating requirements and/or to limit heating to maximum temperatures for the substrates in a manner that substantially eliminates damage to the substrates during the heating operation while at the same time at least partially curing uncured bonding material, or degrading one or more mechanical properties of cured bonding material/s.